1、福建省厦门市2020届高三英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ABull Run Regional ParkThus family- friendly park is around 30 miles from the District. Bull Run is a history fans delight：It provides access to the nearly 20-mile Occoquan Trail whi
2、ch was used during the war. The trail is one of many hiking options on the 1,500-acre grounds. Each cabin($85 to $95 per night) accommodates six people and offers such luxuries（奢华）as electricity, heat and swing.Savage River LodgeSavage River Lodge-about three hour drive from the District- specialize
3、s in a solid roof and a side of luxury. Savage River is surrounded by more than 700 acres of thick forest, and popular activities include fly-fishing. biking, hiking and cross -country skiing. Cabins start at $250 per night.Cherry Hill ParkGiven its proximity (邻近) to the District, this family-owned
4、campground is particularly appealing to visitors who are traveling to the area via recreational vehicle. It also offers buses to the subway and organizes sightseeing tours as well as daily educational sessions. Guests can play mini golf, go fishing, or hit the basketball court. Cabins start at $99 p
5、er night.Maple Tree CampgroundMaple Tree Campground is about a 90-minute drive from the District. Come to this campground for natures evening show: It always has really pretty sunsets. While theres no electricity, guests can use a wood stove for heat and cooking. Field tent sites start at $8 per nig
6、ht and tree cottages $65 per night1. Whats the minimum cost for a group of 10 to stay at Bull Run Regional Park for one night?A. $85.B. $95C. $170D. $8502. Which tour spot is suitable for people traveling by public transport?A. Cherry Hill Park.B. Savage River Lodge.C. Bull Run Regional Park.D. Mapl
7、e Tree Campground.3. The passage most probably appeals to those who are .A. planning a business tripB. seeking a weekend getawayC. fond of online shoppingD. interested in geography study【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。主要介绍了四个度假的旅游景点。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Bull Run Regional Park”部分中的“Each cabin($85 to $95 p
8、er night) accommodates six people ”可知，每间客房（小屋） 每晚85至95美元不等，可容纳6人。那么一个10人团，要用两间，即至少85X2=170美元。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Cherry Hill Park部分中的“Given its proximity (邻近) to the District, this family-owned campground is particularly appealing to visitors who are traveling to the area via recreational vehicle. It
9、also offers buses to the subway and ” 对于其邻近地区，这个家庭营地特别吸引那些通过休闲娱乐车前往该地区的游客。它还提供通往地铁的巴士，。由此可知，Cherry Hill Park旅游点适合乘坐公共交通工具的人，故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。本文主要介绍了四个有关旅游景点的情况。因此本文主要是吸引旅游或度假的人。分析选项：A. planning a business trip计划出差的人；B. seeking a weekend getaway周末外出度假的人；C. fond of online shopping喜欢网上购物的人；D. interested
10、 in geography study对地理学习感兴趣的人。可知，B项（周末寻找度假的人）符合题意，故选B。【点睛】新闻广告类材料是高考的热门考题。其文句简练，信息量大，句式使用简单，表达方式多样，但阅读这类题目也是有规律可循的。此类文章主要考查学生提取信息和处理信息的能力。既注重特定细节的筛选、类比、综合，又注重推理判断题的考查。此类文章多是细节理解题。细节题的破解一般采用寻读法，即先看试题，再读文章。对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率，节省了宝贵的时间。如第1小题根据题干“Whats
11、 the minimum cost for a group of 10 to stay at Bull Run Regional Park for one night?”定位于“Bull Run Regional Park”部分中的“Each cabin($85 to $95 per night) accommodates six people ”可知，每间客房（小屋） 每晚85至95美元不等，可容纳6人。那么一个10人团，要用两间，即至少85X2=170美元。故选C。BIn the trailer (拖车式房屋)，Sischo was refreshing the snails (锅牛）ac
12、commodations-an ongoing routine that takes days of careful work. He had found a dozen of Achatinellabulimoides-a third of the worlds population of the species. Once every individual was accounted for, he cleaned the cage and packed in new leaves. The work took much trouble, but the responsibility, h
13、e said, was like “a heavy weight sitting on you.”The trailer is very vulnerable. Its designed to keep away would-be thieved, and to resist hurricanes. But a fire could easily destroy it, or a disease could sweep through it. Last September , a mystery pathogon（病原体）appeared to have entered the trailer
14、 on leaves fed to the snails, killing almost an entire species. As sad as the event was, theres no good way to insure against future catastrophe. The snails cant simply be spread among zoos or other facilities: they need special equipment, experienced handlers, and a diet of native Hawaiian plants.C
15、onsequently, it can be hard for the snails minders to relax, even when they are outside the trailer. “How do you switch off when your decisions mean existence or extinction? Sischo said. While action lightens the burden, yet with animals whose natural history is largely unknown, that action can be d
16、angerous. If you do it wrong, the snails die.”Snails are neither intelligent nor beloved. Sischos friends sometimes tease him about being the strange snail guy ; strangers ask why he cares. Its hard to convince people, but he insists that if he can just get them in the trailer, they will understand
17、why the Achatinella bulimoides are worth saving. People melt, he said“When you show them that the entire population is in this chamber, it hits them.4. What is the trailer used for?A. Accommodating guestsB. Sheltering snailsC. Planting vegetables.D. Alarming thieves.5. What does the underlined word
18、“vulnerable mean in paragraph?A. Quite.B. Safe.C. Easily affected.D. Well protected.6. What is the snail minders attitude towards their job?A. Relaxed.B. Confident.C. CautiousD. Disapproving7. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?A. The Last of Its KindB. The Worst of TimesC.
19、Mourn Its LossD. Resist Possible Dangerous【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. A【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。主要说明为了拯救濒临灭绝的蜗牛物种，人类为它们制作了特殊的设备-拖车式房屋，经验丰富的驯养员和夏威夷本地植物的饮食，这些都有益于蜗牛的保护。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的内容“The trailer Its designed to keep away would-be thieved, and to resist hurricanes. But a fire could easily destroy it, or a diseas
20、e could sweep through it. As sad as the event was, theres no good way to insure against future catastrophe. The snails cant simply be spread among zoos or other facilities: they need special equipment”可知，拖车房屋很脆弱。它的设计是为了避免可能被盗，抵御飓风。但是火灾很容易摧毁它，或者疾病可以席卷它。，但没有好的办法来防止未来的灾难。蜗牛不能简单地在动物园或其他设施中生存：它们需要特殊的设备。这
21、个特殊的设备就是the trailer。由此可知，这个和the trailer 是给蜗牛住的房子，是收容蜗牛，为其遮风挡雨的。分析选项可知，故B项符合题意。【5题详解】猜测词义题。根据划线词The trailer is very vulnerable后的内容 “ Its designed to keep away would-be thieved, and to resist hurricanes. But a fire could easily destroy it, or a disease could sweep through it. Last September , a myster
22、y pathogen appeared to have entered the trailer on leaves fed to the snails, killing almost an entire species.”拖车房屋的设计是为了防止潜在的盗窃，并抵御飓风。但是一场火灾可以轻易地摧毁它，或者一种疾病可以席卷它。由此可推断出，这种拖车房屋很容易被火烧，疾病可摧毁它，所以它是易受其他因素影响的。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段it can be hard for the snails minders to relax, even when they are outside t
23、he trailer. “How do you switch off when your decisions mean existence or extinction? yet with animals whose natural history is largely unknown, that action can be dangerous. If you do it wrong, the snails die.”蜗牛的看护人员即使在拖车房外也很难放松“你的决定会影响它们的生存或毁灭，你怎么能不担心呢？”但对于自然基本一无所知的动物来说，这种行动可能是危险的。如果你做错了，蜗牛就会死。由此可
24、知，蜗牛看护者对待他们的态度是谨慎小心的。分析选项A. Relaxed.放松的；B. Confident自信的； C. Cautious谨慎小心的；D. Disapproving反对的。可知C项符合题意，故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“. He had found a dozen of Achatinella bulimoides -a third of the worlds population of the species”一天他发现了12种蜗牛，占世界蜗牛总数的三分之一。第二段中的“Last September , a mystery pathogon（病原体）appea
25、red to have entered the trailer on leaves fed to the snails, killing almost an entire species.” 去年9月,一个谜似的 (病原体进入了拖车中蜗牛吃的树叶, 几乎杀死整个物种。第三段中的“How do you switch off when your decisions mean existence or extinction?” Sischo said。“你的决定会影响它们的生存或毁灭，你怎么能不担心呢？你的决定会影响它们的生存或毁灭，你怎么能不担心呢？”由此可推断出：这种蜗牛的数量极少，也就是说“这
26、种物种最后的几条蜗牛“。分析选项可知A项“这种物种最后的几条蜗牛”为短文最佳标题。故选A。【点睛】在阅读中我们经常会考查猜测词义题。事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式，这要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文（各种已知信息）并结合具体的语境推测、判断某些词或短语的词义。如第2小题属于猜测词义题。根据划线词The trailer is very vulnerable后的内容“ Its designed to keep away would-be thieved, and to resist hu
27、rricanes. But a fire could easily destroy it, or a disease could sweep through it. Last September , a mystery pathogen appeared to have entered the trailer on leaves fed to the snails, killing almost an entire species.”拖车房屋的设计是为了防止潜在的盗窃，并抵御飓风。但是一场火灾可以轻易地摧毁它，或者一种疾病可以席卷它。由此可推断出，这种拖车房屋很容易被火烧，疾病可摧毁它，所以它
28、是易受其他因素影响的。故选C。CIn the old days, when you had to drive to a movie theater of to to a video store to get some entertainment, it was easy to see how your actions could have an impact om the environment.You were hopping into your war, driving across town and coughing out emissions（排放）and using gas all
29、the way.But now that were used to staying at home and streaming movies, we might get a little cocky. After all ,were just picking up our phones or maybe turning on the TV. Youre welcome.Mother Nature.Not so fast, says a recent report from the French-based Shit Project. Watching a half-hour show woul
30、d lead to 3.5 pounds of CO2 emissions. Thats like driving 3.9 miles. According to Climate Crisis: The Unsustainable Use of Online Video, digital technologies are responsible for 4% of greenhouse gas emissions, and that energy use is increasing by 9% a year. Stored in data centers, videos are transfe
31、rred to our terminals such as computers, smart phones, etc. via networks: all these processes require electricity whose production consumes resources and usually involves CO2 emissions.In the European Union, the Eureca project lead scientist, Rabih Bashroush, calculated that 5 billion downloads and
32、streams of the song Despacito consumed as much electricity as the countries of Chad, Guinea-Bissau, Somalia, Sierra Leone and the Central African Republic used in a single year.Streaming is only expected to increase as we become more attached to our devices. Online video use is expected to account f
33、or 80%of all internet traffic by 2022 according to CISCO. By then, about 60% of the worlds population will be online.Youre probably not going to give up your streaming services, but there are things you con do to help lessen the impact of your online use.Here are some tips:Disable autoplay for video
34、 on social media.Stream over Wi-Fi, not mobile networks.Watch on the smallest screen you can.Dont use high-definition（高清）video on devices.8. It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that people think .A. they should welcome Mother NatureB. watching movies at home is more funC. it is inconvenient to drive
35、 to a movie theaterD. streaming at home avoids possible emissions9. We may learn from the text that .A. 3.9 miles may produce 3.5 pounds of CO2B. digital technologies account for 4% of electricity useC. Online video use makes up 80% of all internet trafficD. 60% of the worlds population watch videos
36、 online10. Why are the five countries mentioned in paragraph 4?A. To praise their energy-efficient practice.B. To prove the poverty of the five countriesC. To stress the popularity of the song “Despacito”D. To show the high energy use of downloads and streams11. How can people help to save energy wh
37、en streaming?A. Use high-definition videos.B. Turn off video autoplayC Stream over mobile networks.D. Watch movies on bigger screens.【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. B【解析】本文为说明文。以前，我们开车去看电影或购物，会排放二氧化碳，消费自然资源。而现在我们习惯了在家里看流媒体电影，避免了排放二氧化碳。但是看自媒体会消耗能源，排放二氧化碳。有报告说，下载和流媒体的能耗非常高。文章提供了如何在使用流媒体时尽可能地减少在线时间节约能源的方法。【8题详
38、解】推理判断题。第一段In the old days, when you had to drive to a movie theater or to a video store to get some entertainment, it was easy to see how your actions could have an impact om the environment.driving across town and coughing out emissions（排放）and using gas all the way.中提出：以前我们开车去看电影或买东西时很容易对环境造成影响，不仅
39、增加排放，还消费自然资源。第二段承接上文说“But now that were used to staying at home and streaming movies,.Youre welcome. Mother Nature”而现在人们习惯在家里利用流媒体上看电影，也就不用开车去外面，就避免了排放。 分析选项可知，家庭流媒体避免了可能气体排放。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Watching a half-hour show would lead to 3.5 pounds of CO2 emissions. Thats like driving 3.9 miles. digi
40、tal technologies are responsible for 4% of greenhouse gas emissions,” 看半小时的节目要排放3.5磅的二氧化碳。这相当于开车3.9英里排放。数字技术造成了4%的温室气体排放。可知A项（3.9英里可能会产生3.5磅的二氧化碳）是正确。而B项（数字技术占用电量的4%）是错误的。倒数第二段“Online video use is expected to account for 80%of all internet traffic by 2022 according to CISCO. By then, about 60% of th
41、e worlds population will be online.”到2022年，在线视频的使用预计将占所有互联网流量的80%。届时，全球约60%的人口会上网。可知，C和D项的内容是在2022年才会发生，把未做当成已发生的。故C和D是错误的。故A是正确。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段提及这五个国家的前面内容“In the European Union, the Eureca project lead scientist, Rabih Bashroush, calculated that 5 billion downloads and streams of the song Despa
42、cito consumed as much electricity as the countries of Chad, Guinea-Bissau, Somalia, Sierra Leone and the Central African Republic used in a single year.” 在欧盟，欧洲经委会项目首席科学家拉比巴什鲁什计算出，Despacito歌曲的50亿次下载和流媒体消耗的电力相当于乍得、几内亚比绍、索马里、塞拉利昂和中非共和国等国一年使用的电力。由此推断出的这五个国家是来说明下载和流媒体的能耗非常高。故选D。【11题详解】细节理解题。倒数第二段提出“Your
43、e probably not going to give up your streaming services, but there are things you can do to help lessen the impact of your online use.” 你可能不会放弃流媒体服务，但你可以做一些事情来帮助减少在线造成的影响。接着提出四点节省能源的忠告“Here are some tips: Disable auto play for video on social media.；Stream over Wi-Fi, not mobile networks；Watch on th
44、e smallest screen you can；Dont use high-definition video on devices.”可知，所给的四点节能的忠告为：在社交媒体上禁用视频自动播放功能；通过Wi-Fi传输，而不是移动网络；尽量用最小的屏幕观看；不要使用高清视频设备。由此可知B项（关闭自动播放功能）符合节省能源的第2点的要求（在社交媒体上禁用视频自动播放功能）。可知B项符合题意，故选B。DPicture a lecture session at a business school and your probably imagine students gazing at scree
45、ns filled with equations（方程式）.What you might not expect is students attempting to sing “O clap your Hands”. But Bartleby was treated to this delight on a visit to Sad Business School in Oxford earlier this year.There was a catch. Some of the students had to try conducting the chorus. The first to ta
46、ke the challenge was a rather self-confident young man. It didnt take long for him to go wrong. His most obvious mistake was to start conducting without asking the singers how they would like to be directed, though they had the expertise and he was a complete beginner.The session, organized by Pegra
47、m Harrison, a senior fellow in entrepreneurship（企业家精神）, cleverly allowed the students to absorb some important leadership lessons. For example, leaders should listen to their teams, especially when their colleagues have specialist knowledge.Other business schools have also realized that their studen
48、ts can learn from the arts. At Carnegie Mellon University , Leanne Meyer has introduced a leadership-training programme that includes poetry and a book club. She believed that involvement in such pursuits can help develop empathy（同理心） in future leaders and that the programme benefits students in ter
49、ms of how they promote themselves to recruiters（招聘人员）.The Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA) has trained many great dramatists. It also offers training courses for managers. “Acting about finding the truth in the character and in yourself.” says Walker-Wise, one of RADAS tutors. Being a manager in
50、volves a lot more than just setting targets. It requires empathy and a knowledge of human nature. An education in the arts might help develop those qualities. Above all, the students on Harrisons Course were experiencing something Bartleby never expected to see in those attending an MBA lecture they
51、 were having fun.12. What does “this delight in paragraph 1 refer to?A. Singing in a business class.B. Visiting Said Business SchoolC. Picturing a lecture session.D. Gazing a screens full of equations.13. Which of the fallowing best describes the session by Pegram Harrison?A. Common and influential.
52、B. Educational and effortless.C. Challenging and instructive.D. Controversial and practical.14. What should a leader do based on the conducting experience?A. Offer promotion opportunities.B. Value team members opinion.C. Set specific targets.D. Control every step.15. How does acting contribute to be
53、ing a manager?A. It provides entertainment.B. It develops goal-setting skills.C. It exposes the truth in business.D. It helps understand human nature.【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。本文通过在商学院进行的指挥表演的尝试，意识到学生可以从艺术中学到许多东西，即艺术教育可能有助于培养未来领导人的同情心和对人性的了解。【12题详解】猜测词义题。根据this delight前后的内容“What you
54、might not expect is students attempting to sing “O clap your Hands”. But Bartleby was treated to this delight on a visit to Sad Business School in Oxford earlier this year.”你可能想不到的是学生们会唱拍起手来。但今年早些时候，巴特比在访问牛津大学的赛德商学院时，却受到了这样的“this delight”款待。由前句“想不到学生会唱拍手吧”，用一个转折连词but来说明，巴特比在访问商学院时，却受到（学生唱歌）的款待。分析选项可
55、知A项符合题意，故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“The session, organized by Pegram Harrison, cleverly allowed the students to absorb some important leadership lessons. For example, leaders should listen to their teams, especially when their colleagues have specialist knowledge.” 这次会议由高级研究员佩格拉姆哈里森组织，巧妙地让学生们学习了一些重要的领导技能
56、的课程。例如，领导者应该倾听团队的意见，特别是当他们的同事有专业知识时。由此可推断出这种会议有指导性（instructive）。以及最后一段“An education in the arts might help develop those qualities. Above all, the students on Harrisons Course were experiencing something Bartleby never expected to see .” 艺术教育可能有助于培养这些品质。最重要的是，参加哈里森课程的学生们正在经历着巴特比从未料到的事情，。由此可知，学生们正经历着
57、巴特比从未料到的事情，可知具有挑战性（challenging）。分析选项可知C项符合题意，故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“His most obvious mistake was to start conducting without asking the singers how they would like to be directed, though they had the expertise and he was a complete beginner.” 他最明显的错误是，在开始指挥时没有询问歌手他们希望如何被指挥，尽管他们有专业知识，而他是一个完全的新手。以及第三段
58、 “cleverly allowed the students to absorb some important leadership lessons. For example, leaders should listen to their teams, especially when their colleagues have” 哈里森认为要让学生们学习一些重要的领导才能的课程。例如，领导者应该倾听他们的团队，尤其是当他们的同事有专业知识的时候。由此可推断出基于指挥经验，领导应当重视团队成员的意见。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第后一段中的It also offers trainin
59、g courses for managers. “Acting about finding the truth in the character and in yourself.” says Walker-Wise, one of RADAS tutors. Being a manager involves a lot more than just setting targets. It requires empathy and a knowledge of human nature. 还为管理人员提供培训课程。拉达的一位导师沃克怀斯说：“表演就是在角色和自己身上找寻真相”。作为一名管理者，不
60、仅仅是设定目标。它需要同情心和对人性的了解。 由此可知，作为一为管理人员，表演有助于理解人性。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D。【点睛】推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。如第3小题属于推理判断题。根据第二段“His most obvious mistake was to start conducting without asking the singers how they would like to be directed, though they had the expertise
61、 and he was a complete beginner.” 他最明显的错误是，在开始指挥时没有询问歌手他们希望如何被指挥，尽管他们有专业知识，而他是一个完全的新手。以及第三段 “cleverly allowed the students to absorb some important leadership lessons. For example, leaders should listen to their teams, especially when their colleagues have” 哈里森认为要让学生们学习一些重要的领导力课程。例如，领导者应该倾听他们的团队，尤其是
62、当他们的同事有专业知识的时候。由此可推断出一个作为领导应当重视团队成员的意见。故选B。根据事实细节，推断合理信息。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。第二节(共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为
63、多余选项。Put on new set of gasses for a new viewToday I visited San Franciscos modern-art museum. I was there to see a new exhibit about spaceflight._16_I like to “visit” this particular painting every time I go to the museum not only because it evokes（唤起）strong feelings, but because I always find somet
64、hing new.Theres real pleasure to be found in revisiting a museum replaying a game or rewatching a movie. Some of that enjoyment comes from the feeling of familiarity of course._17_.Theres always plenty more to see, hear, taste, smell, feel, of understand the second or third time around. But how do y
65、ou discover the exciting new thing in the familiar?One way is approaching whatever task is at hand by searching for the things that you didnt see in the first time around. First, recognize that everything is always changing._18_Second, remove judgment from the experience, if possible, and just obser
66、ve whats new. For example, look for the ways in which a change in your neighborhood is interesting or exciting._19_That could mean removing sugar, coffee, a certain kind of media from your life for a specified time. Once the break is over, that same thing will have more of its former interest or exc
67、itement._20_So is true that novelty is fun, but given enough of a break in between, repeated experiences regain that initial excitement.A. Repeated experiences like this are valuable.B. Visiting a new country brings fresh experience.C. Coffee will never taste better if you quit it for a month.D. But
68、 the piece of art that made me cry was a familiar one.E. But it also comes from noticing new things in what is so familiar.F. So the second experience is never exactly the same as the first one.G. Another way is changing your routine and taking a break of some kind.【答案】16. D 17. E 18. F 19. G 20. C【
69、解析】本文为说明文。本文主要说明如何让我们在熟悉的事物中寻找新的东西的方法。【16题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空前“Today I visited San Franciscos modern-art museum. I was there to see a new exhibit about spaceflight.”今天我参观了旧金山的现代艺术博物馆。我在那里看了一个关于太空飞行的新展览。尤其是空后“I like to “visit” this particular painting every time I go to the museum not only becaus
70、e it evokes（唤起）strong feelings”我每次去博物馆都喜欢“参观”这幅画，不仅因为它能唤起强烈的感情。 每次都喜欢“参观”的艺术品，所以我对它熟悉的，对应了D项familiar）。它能唤起强烈的感情（strong feelings），根据常识可知，强烈的感情是哭或笑等。这对应了D项中的cry（哭）。由此可推断出D项有词与本段复现，放入句中：但能让我哭泣的那件艺术品却是一件熟悉的艺术品。我每次去博物馆都喜欢“参观”这幅画，不仅因为它能唤起强烈的感情，而且因为我总能找到新的东西。”与句意一致，故选D。【17题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空前的“Some of
71、 that enjoyment comes from the feeling of familiarity of course.” 重游博物馆等，真是一种乐趣。当然，其中一些乐趣来自于熟悉的感觉。以及空后“Theres always plenty more to see, hear, taste, smell, feel, of understand the second or third time around. But how do you discover the exciting new thing in the familiar?”可知，在熟悉的事物中还有很多东西要去看，去听，去尝，
72、去闻，去感觉，去理解。但是你是如何在熟悉的环境中发现令人兴奋的新事物的呢?由此可推断出熟悉的事物中也能发现新事物。分析选项可知E（But it also comes from noticing new things in what is so familiar）但也来自于在如此熟悉的事物中发现新事物，可知E项符合题意，故选E。【18题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空前的 “One way is approaching whatever task is at hand by searching for the things that you didnt see in the fir
73、st time around. First, recognize that everything is always changing.”一种方法是通过寻找你第一次没有看到的东西。首先，认识到每件事都在变化。以及空后的“remove, judgment from the experience, if possible ，and just observe whats new.”不要用经验去判断，如果可能的话，要观察新事物。由此可推断出，因为事物都在变化。所以第二次去的话要找出第一次没看到的东西，能观察到新的东西，这样第二次和第一次的经历是完全不一样的。分析选项可知F项（所以第二次的经历和第一次完
74、全不一样）符合题意，故选F。【19题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。上一段“One way is approaching whatever task is at hand by searching for the things that you didnt see in the first time around. ” 一种方法是通过寻找你第一次没有看到的东西.那么下一段就要说明“另一种方法 ”分析选项可知G项（Another way is changing your routine and taking a break of some kind）就有对应的 “Another way”
75、。本空格后“That could mean removing sugar, coffee, a certain kind of media from your life for a specified time. Once the break is over, that same thing will have more of its former interest or excitement.” 这可能意味着在一段特定的时间让你日常生活中远离糖、咖啡和某种媒体。一旦休息结束，同样的事情会有更多的兴趣和刺激。即改变你的生活方式，会有新的东西出现。由此可知，在熟悉的事物中寻找新的东西第二种方法就
76、是改变你的生活方式，。分析选项可知G项（另一种方法是改变你的生活方式，休息一下）符合题意，故选G。【20题详解】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。分析本空格所在的段落可知，本段主要叙述了从熟悉事物中寻找新的东西就是改变生活方式，休息一下。根据本空前的“That could mean removing sugar, coffee, a certain kind of media from your life for a specified time. Once the break is over, that same thing will have more of its former inte
77、rest or excitement.” 这可能意味着在一段特定的时间内不吃糖、不喝咖啡、不看某种媒体(电视节目或社交媒体)。一旦休息结束，同样的东西会比以前有更多兴趣或兴奋。分析选项可知，C项（如果你戒掉咖啡一个月，它的味道永远不会像现在这么好.）有词coffee复现，且意义一致。分析选项可知C项符合意义，故选C。第三部分英语知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)第一节 完形填空(共20小题:每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Not many 17-year-old girls know ho
78、w to solder（焊）copper pipes together or light a pilot light. These are_21_Ive learned as an assistant to my_22_in his plumbing（管道）business.My summer job deals with_23_that constantly arise physical and mental discomfort, and the work_24_an attitude of determination and patience that I frequently stru
79、ggle to adopt.Each morning, I_25_myself into large-thick mens jeans most girls would_26_to wear and climb into the plumber truck. As my classmates begin their_27_babysitting, or selling groceries, my dad and I carry_28_toolboxes and work in the dark basements. I often get _29_in messy storage boxes
80、looking for the water meter. Nothing around is beautiful or tidy.Sometimes I_30_why I stand the dust and sweat when I could be in my air-conditioned house doing summer homework. Yet as much as I_31_the mess of plumbing. I look down upon myself for being so easily annoyed by disorder._32_, the world
81、was built by people willing to get their hands_33_.Five such summers have_34_me that the messy parts of peoples houses_35_the messy parts of their lives. As I learn to_36_the mess, I also learn to handle the_37_and contradictions in my adolescence. Life is a process of accepting_38_and learning to p
82、ut it in order. Plumbing work is no different. You can see it in each newly soldered group of copper pipes. And when customers express_39_, I understand that, in a small way, we bring_40_to their lives.21. A. mannersB. skillsC. factsD. rules22. A. brotherB. dadC. teacherD. friend23. A. messesB. cust
83、omersC. noisesD. exercises24. A. offersB. developsC. demandsD. lacks25 A. wrestleB. lowerC. squeezeD. hide26. A. needB. expectC. refuseD. choose27. A. shiftsB. studiesC. meetingsD. travels28. A. fancyB. smallC. expensiveD. heavy29. A. injuredB. absorbedC. lostD. interested30. A. knowB. questionC. im
84、agineD. remember31. A. seeB. cleanC. hateD. create32. A. Or ratherB. At leastC. After allD. In addition33. A. fullB. dirtyC. firmD. free34. A. taughtB. promisedC. advisedD. guaranteed35. A. examineB. divideC. reduceD. reflect36. A. sort outB. care aboutC. hunt forD. give up37. A. arrangementsB. unce
85、rtaintiesC. competitionsD. expectations38. A. failureB. helpC. changeD. chaos39. A. sympathyB. suspicionC. disapprovalD. appreciation40. A. peaceB. successC. wonderD. order【答案】21. B 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. A 37. B 38. D 39. D 40. D【解析】本
86、文为夹叙夹议文。作者通过作者在5个暑假作为水管工父亲的助手，每天穿着大而厚的牛仔裤修理管道，认为世界是由那些愿意弄脏自己双手的人建立的。人们房屋的脏乱反映了他们生活中的脏乱。如果学会处理工作中的混乱，也能处理青春期的不确定性和矛盾，生活就是一个接受混乱并学会把它整理好的过程。【21题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：很少有17岁的女孩知道如何将铜管焊接。这些都是作为我父亲的水管工助手时我学到的技能。A. manners方式；B. skills技能，技巧；C. facts事实；D. rules规则。根据语境可知，这些东西是她在工作中学到的技能（skills）。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词辨析及语境。句
87、意：这些都是我作为我父亲的水管工助手学到的技能。A. brother兄弟；B. dad爸爸；C. teacher老师；D. friend朋友。根据后面的my dad and I carry_8_toolboxes可知，此处是指作为爸爸（dad）的助手。故选B。【23题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我的暑期工作是应付不断出现的身体和心理中的各种混乱。A. messes杂乱，麻烦，混乱；B. customers顾客；C. noises噪声；D. exercises经历。根据第二段和第三段的内容可知，作者不喜欢工作中的混乱及麻烦。后文多处出现“messy”、“mess”的提示。如“I often get
88、 _9_in messy storage boxes”以及“As I learn to sort out the mess, I also learn to handle the_17_and contradictions in my adolescence.” 经常处理找工具的麻烦当我学会如何处理混乱时，我也学会了如何处理青春期的矛盾，可知在暑期中要应付许多混乱（messes）。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：而这项工作要求毅力和耐心的态度。A. offers主动提供；B. develops开发，发展；C. demands要求；D. lacks缺乏。根据下文作者每天的工作情况可知，
89、这是工作方面的要求（demands），故选C。【25题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：每天早上，我都会努力穿上大而厚的男式牛仔裤。A. wrestle努力处理，费力对付；B. lower恶劣；C. squeeze挤压；D. hide躲藏。 根据后面的“large-thick men”以及“许多女孩都不愿意穿” 可知，作为一个女孩我也不想穿上这样的衣服，要努力（wrestle）（即与自己心理斗争）让自己穿上这种衣服。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：这种牛仔是大多数女孩都会拒绝穿的。A. need需要；B. expect期待；C. refuse拒绝；D. choose选择。这是“大而厚的男式牛
90、仔裤”的工作服，作为女孩是不会穿的，因此要用拒绝（refuse），故选C。【27题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：当我的同学们开始轮班照看孩子，或者卖杂货时，我和爸爸扛着沉重的工具箱，在黑暗的地下室里工作。A. shifts班次；B. studies学习，研究；C. meetings会议，会见；D. travels旅行。根据常识可知，工作时还要休息的，所以工作是轮班（shifts）照看孩子的。故选A。【28题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：我和爸爸扛着沉重的工具箱，在黑暗的地下室里工作。A. fancy太花哨的，精致的；B. small小的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. heavy重的。根据作者
91、工作的工种可知，做这种工种，他们的工具箱是很重的（heavy）。故选D。【29题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：我经常迷失在凌乱的储物箱里找水表。A. injured受伤的；B. absorbed吸收的；C. lost迷路的，迷失的；D. interested感兴趣的。根据后一句“Nothing around is beautiful or tidy.”可知，常在混乱的环境中找这样的物品，会让迷乱（lost）。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：当我在空调房里做暑假作业时，有时我想知道为什么我会忍受那些灰尘和流那么多的汗水。A. know知道；B. question问（问题），质问；C. i
92、magine想像；D. remember记得。根据后面的“why I stand the dust and sweat ”可知，这些都是问题，所以是问 (question)。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词辨析。句意： 但正如我讨厌水管的混乱一样。我看不起自己，因为我很容易被混乱所困扰。A. see看见；B. clean清理；C. hate痛恨，讨厌；D. create创造。根据后一句“我看不起自己”可知，讨厌（hate）水管中的混乱。故选C。【32题详解】考查副词短语辨析。句意：毕竟，世界是由那些愿意弄脏自己双手的人建立的。A. Or rather确切地说；B. At least至少；C. A
93、fter all毕竟；D. In addition另外，而且。根据语境可知，此处是对前面内容的解释，即“毕竟（after all）。故选C。【33题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：世界是由那些愿意弄脏自己双手的人建立的。A. full充满的；B. dirty脏的；C. firm强有力的；D. free免费的。根据常识工人工作时会把手弄脏的（dirty）。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：五个这样的夏天教会了我：人们家里的脏乱反映了他们生活中的脏乱。A. taught教；B. promised承诺；C. advised劝告；D. guaranteed保证。根据下文的内容可知，这是作者从五个这
94、样的夏天经历得到的经验，即就是“五个这样的夏天经历教会（taught）了我”。故选A。【35题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：五个这样的夏天教会了我，人们家里的脏乱反映了他们生活中的脏乱。A. examine检测；B. divide划分；C. reduce减少；D. reflect反映，显示。根据语境可知，此处是指家里的脏乱反映（reflect）了生活中的脏乱。故选D。【36题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我学会处理混乱的同时，我也学会了处理青春期的不确定性和矛盾。A. sort out解决（问题），整理；B. care about关心；C. hunt for寻找；D. give up放弃。根据下
95、文“also learn to handle the_17_”中的“handle（处理问题）”是A项中的sort out解决（问题）同义词。故选A。【37题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：在我学会处理混乱的同时，我也学会了处理青春期的不确定性和矛盾。A. arrangements安排；B. uncertainties不确定性；C. competitions竞争；D. expectations期望。根据“the_17_and contradictions”中的and，可知，本空与contradiction(矛盾)并列关系的只有B项的 uncertainties（不确定性）符合。故选B。【38题详解】考
96、查名词辨析。句意：生活是一个接受混乱并学会把它整理好的过程。A. failure失败；B. help帮助；C. change变化，改变；D. chaos混乱。文中反复强调生活中有各种的“mess(混乱)”，可知D项（chaos）就是它的同义词。故选D。【39题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：当顾客表达感激之情时，我明白了，在很小的程度上，我们让他们的生活有秩序。A. sympathy同情；B. suspicion怀疑；C. disapproval反对；D. appreciation欣赏，感激。根据文章可知，作者认为管道工人帮助他人修理管道，让人们的生活有条理，那么顾客就会感激（appreciatio
97、n）。故选D。40题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：当顾客表达感激之情时，我明白了，在很小的程度上，我们让他们的生活有秩序。A. peace和平；B. success 成功；C. wonder奇迹；D. order秩序。根据上下文的语境可知，人们学会和处理工作和生活中的混乱，让生活有秩序（order）。故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Numerous Chinese cultural and art treasures have been put on show in many parts of the worl
98、d over the past years, showcasing the fantastic Chinese civilization on the global stage and _41_ (promote) cultural exchanges.In December, 2018. New Zealands national museum started a four- month exhibition, where both terracotta warriors (兵马俑) and more than 160 ancient antique pieces_42_(make) of
99、gold, jade and bronze were displayed. On the opening day, local citizens_43_(line) up to enjoy this once in a lifetime experience. The exhibition,_44_provided visitors with some knowledge of long standing Chinese civilization, was_45_(high) appreciated for the individuality of each terracotta warrio
100、r and the unbelievable creativity needed to build the army.Treasures showing the lives of emperors and empresses from the Qing Dynasty also went on display in museums in Washington. D. C.and Moscow in 2019. _46_over 100 pieces put on show, including realistic_47_(painting), furnishings and jewelry f
101、rom the Palace Museum in Beijing. The exhibition was also_48_huge success.Chinese and foreign museums have been making exchanges to encourage dialogue between civilizations and foster people s_49_(understand) of and engagement with cultures that interest _50_(they). It is an important job for museum
102、s to bring the world closer.【答案】41. promoting 42. made 43. lined 44. which 45. highly 46. with 47. paintings 48. a 49. understanding 50. them【解析】本文是说明文。本文主要介绍了了中国文化艺术瑰宝在世界各地的展出，展示了中华民族的灿烂文明，促进了文化交流。尤其是2018年12的新西兰博物馆的展览和2019年在华盛顿和莫斯科的博物馆展出，取得了巨大的成功。【41题详解】考查非谓语。句意：多年来，中国文化艺术瑰宝在世界各地纷纷展出，在全球舞台上展示了中华民族的
103、灿烂文明，促进了文化交流。分析句子可知，Numerous Chinese cultural and art treasures与promote在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词promoting。故填promoting。【42题详解】考查非谓语作定语。句意：新西兰国家博物馆开始了为期四个月的展览，展出了兵马俑和160多件由金、玉、铜制成的古代古董。分析句子可知，本空格在句中作定语，修饰名词ancient antique pieces ，make与被修饰的名词是被动关系，即“由金、玉、铜制成的古代古董”，古董是被制造，要用过去分词，故填made。【43题详解】考查时态。句意：开幕当天，当地市民排
104、起长队来享受这“一生才有一次”的体验。“line up”为固定搭配，意为“排队；（某一批人）排成行;列队”。分析句子可知，本句叙述的是过去的事，要用一般过去时，故填lined。【44题详解】考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。句意：这次展览为参观者提供了一些关于杰出的悠久中华文明的知识。分析 句子可知，本句是非限制性定语从句，其中的the exhibition 是先行词，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，指物只能用which，故填which。【45题详解】考查副词作状语。句意：因 为每个兵马俑的个性和建设军队所需要的令人难以置信的创造力而受到高度赞赏。分析句子可知，本空格在句中作状语，修饰动词apprec
105、iated，修饰动词要用副词，故填highly。【46题详解】考查语境及介词。句意：展出了超过100件作品，包括北京故宫博物院的写实画、家具和珠宝。介词with是“有”的意思，本空格是指“ 有超过100件作品被展出”。分析句子可知，本空格是with复合结构，介词with后的over 100 pieces是宾语，put on show是过去分词作宾补。故填with。【47题详解】考查名词复数。句意：包括北京故宫博物院的写实画、家具和来处北京故宫博物馆的珠宝。分析句子可知，painting为可数名词，本句是指有许多的painting，所以要用复数形式，故填paintings。【48题详解】考查不定
106、冠词。句意：展览也取得了巨大的成功。根据语境可知，本句中的success为抽象名词的具体化用法，表示一次成功的展览。此空格表示数量泛指，且huge首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填不定冠词a，故填a。【49题详解】考查名词。句意：中外博物馆一直在进行交流，鼓励不同文明之间的对话和促进人们理解和接触自己感兴趣的文化。分析句子可知，people s后接名词understanding，故填understanding。【50题详解】考查代词。句意： 促进他们理解和接触自己感兴趣的文化。分析句子可知，本空格的逻辑主语是the people，是第三人称的复数。本空格是做动词interest的宾语，故填them。
107、第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题:每小题1分，满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Last week, I planned to pay a visit my grandparents. They w
108、ere so exciting to hear the news because we have not seen each other for a long time. But my best friend invited I to take part in his birthday party and share his happinesses. When I thought of a promise that I had made it, I found it hard to make a decision. Eventually I chose to refusing my frien
109、ds invitation. Seeing my grandparents smile and the deliciously food they cooked for me, I knew 1 did something correct. We must keep our promise, and we will lose trust from others.【答案】1.visit后加to2. excitingexcited3.havehad4. Ime5.hapinesseshappiness6.athe7.去掉it8. refusingrefuse9.deliciouslydelicio
110、us10.andor【解析】【分析】本文为记叙文。作者上周计划去看望祖父母。但他最好的朋友邀请他参加生日聚会，作者很难做出决定。最后选择拒绝朋友的邀请去看祖父母。因为人要信守诺言，否则就会失去别人的信任。【详解】1.考查固定搭配。句意：上周，我计划去拜访我的祖父母。 “pay a visit to”为固定搭配，意为“拜访”，故在visit后加to。2. 考查形容词。句意：他们听到这个消息很激动。“exciting”意为“令人激动的”一般用于修饰物；“excited ”意为“激动的”，一般用于修饰人或人的表情。本句是用于修饰主语they，是修饰人的，要用excited。故把exciting改为e
111、xcited。3.考查过去完成时。句意：他们听到这个消息很激动，因为我们很久没见面了。分析句子可知，本句中“we have not seen each other”彼此没有见面是发生在“They were so exciting to hear the news”（他们非常激动）之前，是过去的过去，要用过去完成时，故把have改为had。4.考查代词 。句意：但我最好的朋友邀请我参加他的生日聚会。本句中的I在句中作动词invite的宾语，要用I的宾格形式me，故把I改为me5.考查不可数名词。句意：但我最好的朋友邀请我参加他的生日聚会，分享他的快乐。句中的happiness是不可数名词，不能有
112、复数形式，故把happinesses改为happiness。6.考查冠词。句意：当我想到我做出的承诺时，我发现很难做出决定。根据文章的内容“I planned to pay a visit my grandparents.”可知，此处是指前面许诺“我打算去看望我的祖父母”，因此此处是特指promise，要用定冠词the，故把a改为the。7.考查定语从句。分析句子I thought of the promise that I had made it可知，本句是定语从句，其中的the promise 是先行词，在定语从句中作made的宾语，此时的it是多余的。故去掉it。8. 考查固定用法。句意
113、：当我想到我做出的承诺时，我发现很难做出决定。“choose to do”为固定搭配，意为“选择做某事”。to为动词不定式，后面要用动词原形，故把refusing改为refuse。9.考查形容词作定语。句意：看到爷爷奶奶的微笑和他们为我做的美味的食物，我知道我做了正确的事。分析句子可知，句中的food为名词，修饰名词一般用形容词，而deliciously为副词，故要把deliciously改为delicious。10.考查连词。句意：我们必须信守诺言，否则就会失去别人的信任。分析句意可知，前后句意表示条件关系，即为“否则的话”，因此要用or，故把and改为or。第二节书面表达 (满分25分)5
114、2.假定你是李华，作为交换生在国外某学校学习，得知该校即将举办国际服装文化节(International Costume Day),你有意向参加服装展示环节，请你写一封邮件咨询相关信息，内容包括:1.写信目的:2.咨询信息(如服饰要求，展示形式等)3.表达期待注意:1. 词数100左右:2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯._【答案】Dear ladies or gentlemen,I am Li Hua, an exchange student in this foreign school. I heard that an International Costume Day will be
115、held in the school. Because I am interested in it and want to participate in it , I want to know more information about it.First of all, I want to know what are the requirements for clothing, student clothing or fashion clothing. Secondly, please tell me how to display the clothing. Is it to do mode
116、l display or window display? At last, I want to know where and when it is held. Please tell me the information, thanks a lot!I am looking forward to receiving your reply. Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本文为应用文。你作为交换生在国外某学校学习，得知该校即将举办国际服装文化节(International Costume Day),你有意向参加服装展示环节，请你写一封邮件咨询相关信息，内容包括：写信目的；咨询信息(如服
117、饰要求，展示形式等)；表达期待等。【详解】本文为书信体。书信体作文一般分为三部分。第一部分叙述写信的目的，即作为交换生得知该校即将举办国际服装文化节，你有意向参加服装展示环节，写一封邮件咨询相关信息。第二部分叙述想知道的信息，内容包括：写信目的；咨询信息(如服饰要求，展示形式等)；最后一部分表达你期待对方的回复。字数在100字左右。语言要礼貌得体。【点睛】本文要点完整，结构清晰，句式相对简单。文中运用了一些较为简单的从句，如宾语从句，主要三个宾语从句，即I heard that an International Costume Day will be held in the school；I want to know what are the requirements for clothing, student clothing or fashion clothing 和 I want to know where and when it is held。还有状语从句Because I am interested in it and want to participate in it , I want to know more information about it.
