1、单元综合检测(五).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)AFalls are common in young children and older people.Although most result in mild bumps and bruises，some falls can cause serious injuries that require immediate medical attention.What to do：Do not move the person and call for emergency help if the person：may have
2、 seriously injured the head，neck，back，hip bones or thighs is unconscious or was briefly unconsciousis having difficulty breathingisnt breathing (starts CPR)has a seizure(癫痫突然发作)has clear fluid or blood coming from the nose，ears or mouthCall a doctor or seek medical attention if the person：becomes ve
3、ry sleepy and is very difficult to wake upbrings up more than two or three timescomplains of neck or back painscomplains of increasing pain anywhere on the bodyisnt walking normallydoesnt seem to be focusing his or her eyes normallyhas any behavior or symptoms that worry youIf you think its safe to
4、move the person：place a cold compress(敷布) or ice pack on any bumps or bruisesgive acetaminophen(解热镇痛药) for painlet the person rest，as needed，for the next few hourswatch the person closely for the next 24 hours for any unusual symptoms or behaviorNever leave young children on any bed or other furnitu
5、re unsupervised(未监督)Always strap(用带捆住) children into high chairs，changing tables，shopping carts，and strollers.Always buckle(扣住) kids into ageappropriate safety seats when riding in motor vehicles，and make sure they always wear helmets when biking or skating or when using skateboards or scooters(踏板车)
6、【语篇解读】本文介绍了如何处理“跌倒”。1What is the text mainly about?AFalls cant cause serious injuries.BWays to deal with falls.CWays to prevent falls.DFalls happen to kids.B主旨大意题。根据文中的What to do以及下面的内容，可以看出本文是一篇介绍如何处理“跌倒”的文章，故答案为B。2You mustnt move the person if he Aisnt walking normallyBbecomes very sleepyCisnt bre
7、athingDbrings up more than twiceC细节理解题。根据第一个标题中的第四条的“isnt breathing”可知，在伤者不呼吸的情况下不能移动他。3If a person bleeds from his mouth after the accident，what should you do?AShake him forth and back.BMove him to another place.CGive him some medicine to have.DLet him stay where he is.D细节理解题。根据第一个标题中的最后一条可知，如果嘴里流血
8、就不能动他，而是打急救电话。4Which of the following will be the best title for the last paragraph?APrevent Your KidsBPlace Furniture WellCWear HelmetsDPrevent FallsD段落大意题。根据最后一段的描述可知，该段是告知父母应如何预防孩子摔倒。BTwo hero housemates have told how they pulled their neighbor from a smokefilled kitchen.Rhys Lomax，29，and Chris C
9、lark，25，of South Street，charged into the 41yearold mans home after they heard his smoke alarm at around 1：55 am. on Sunday.Prison officer Mr. Lomax said，“I had just picked Chris up from the airport and we were arriving back at our house.”“Then I heard this beeping and at first I thought it was the c
10、ar because wed left the headlights on.”“But then I realized it was my neighbors house and we could see smoke everywhere.”“We charged into the house and found him lying on the oven with black smoke coming from it.”“We dragged him out and put him on the main road and then called the fire department an
11、d ambulance.”Firefighters put out the fire，which left the kitchen damaged and the oven completely destroyed.People attempted to take the 41yearold man to hospital but he refused medical attention.Mr. Lomax added，“If it had been another couple of minutes，I think he would have gone up in flames.He was
12、 a very lucky man.”“He was very lucky.I was bringing Chris back from the airport because otherwise I dont think we would have heard the alarm.”Afterwards，fire officers praised the pair，saying they had potentially(可能地) saved the mans life.But Mr. Lomax played it down and added，“I am a prison officer
13、so I have dealt with things like that before.”And Mr. Clark，a shop manager，said，“If there had been flames，we might have thought twice but we just covered our mouths and went in.”【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了两个人勇敢地把邻居从冒烟的厨房里救出来的故事。5What is the main idea of this passage?ATwo people were praised by the fire officials
14、for their brave deed.BA man refused to be taken to hospital after being saved from his house.CTwo people bravely saved their neighbor from a kitchen full of smoke.DA lucky man was rescued by the firefighters with the help of his neighbors.C主旨大意题。由本文主旨句即文章首句“Two hero housemates have told how they pul
15、led their neighbor from a smokefilled kitchen.”可知，本文讲述了两个人将邻居从冒烟的厨房内救出的故事。6What can we learn from the passage?AThere was some food in the oven.BThe man in the house went to the hospital at last.CMr. Lomax thought what they did was not particularly important.DThe man in the house was drunk and did no
16、t know anything.C推理判断题。由倒数第二段可知里斯罗马克斯之前就做过类似的事情，所以他并没有把抢救邻居这件事看得特别了不起。7Why did the neighbors go into the kitchen without hesitation?ABecause the man in the kitchen was in great danger.BBecause the man in the kitchen was asking for help.CBecause though the kitchen was full of smoke there was no fire.
17、DBecause they thought it was not very dangerous and they could put out the fire.C推理判断题。由最后一段可知他们只看到了厨房里有烟，但没有火。这说明危险不是很大，所以就毫不犹豫地进去了。CWe are surrounded by mixed messages about mistakes：were told we earn by making them，but we work hard to avoid them.So the result is that most of us know that we are g
18、oing to make mistakes，but deep down，we feel we shouldnt.Experiments with schoolchildren who did well on a given test showed that those who were praised for being smart and then offered a more challenging or less challenging task afterward usually chose the easier one.On the other hand，children prais
19、ed for trying hardrather than being smartfar more often selected the more difficult task.If we try hard to avoid mistakes，we arent open to getting the information we need in order to do better.In a writing study，experiments showed that those who were so scared to make mistakes performed worse in wri
20、ting tasks than those who werent worried about being perfect.They feared receiving any kind of negative feedback，so they didnt learn where they went wrong and how to get better.We dont just learn more when were open to mistakes；we learn deeper.Research tells us that if were only concerned about gett
21、ing the right answer，we dont always learn the underlying concepts that help us truly understand whatever were trying to figure out.Mistakes need to be seen not as a failure to learn，but as a guide to what still needs to be learned.As Thomas Edison said，“I am not discouraged，because every abandoned w
22、rong attempt is another step forward.”Furthermore，we often make mistakes because we try new thingswe wander away from accepted paths.Teflon，penicillinthese are examples of great discoveries made by mistake.Take a page from Albert Einstein，who said，“Anyone who has never made a mistake has never tried
23、 anything new.”【语篇解读】本文告诉我们应该用一种正确的态度对待错误。8What will happen to students praised for being smart in face of choosing tasks compared to students praised for working hard?AHe will choose a less challenging task.BHe will hide his mistakes from his teachers.CHe will work harder to avoid mistakes.DHe will
24、 ask his teachers for advice.A细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，这样的学生会选择更容易的任务。故选A。9Which of the following statements is NOT acceptable according to the passage?AThe more mistakes we make，the more we will learn.BMistakes can be used as a positive factor for success.CBeing open to mistakes helps you understand the tr
25、uth.DA step forward may come from mistakes youve made.A推理判断题。根据第四段第一句可知，当我们愿意接受错误时，我们不仅能学到更多，还能学得更深入。而不是说我们犯的错误越多，学到的就越多，故A项错误。10What does the last paragraph want to tell us?AOne must follow a correct path to avoid mistakes.BTo become an Einstein，you should make mistakes.CYou cant make mistakes unle
26、ss you try new things.DMaking mistakes is not a disadvantage in a way.D推理判断题。根据最后一段特别是该段第二句可知，在某种程度上，犯错误并不是一个劣势。故选D。11Whats the main idea of the passage?AWe can never avoid making mistakes when we work.BSuccess cant be achieved without making mistakes.CMistakes should be treated with a correct attit
27、ude.DTry every means to avoid mistakes in our daily life.C主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第四段最后一句“I am not discouraged，because every abandoned wrong attempt is another step forward.”(我没有丧失信心，因为每个被抛弃的错误的尝试都是向前的又一步)以及第五段最后一句“Anyone who has never made a mistake has never tried anything new.”可知，我们应该用正确的态度对待错误。故选C。DHisto
28、ry tells us that footwear was one of the first things ancient people learned to make.Footwear helped them across rocky paths or hot sands without injuring themselves.The earliest footwear we know of was simply a piece of plaited(编织的) grass or leather tied to the feet.The ancient Egyptians seem to ha
29、ve invented the first footwear with a firm sole(鞋底)sandals.Egyptian royalty usually wore sandals that had a different style from those with lesser status(身份)，while slaves were not allowed to wear anything on their feet.The sandal is still the basic form of footwear in many countries，particularly tho
30、se with a hot climate，whereas in cold climates，an entirely different type of shoe appearedthe moccasina slippershaped shoe made of soft but strong leather.The Greeks were the first to develop shoes with heels(鞋跟)Then，in the Middle Ages，shoes with long points at the toe became very chic for the nobil
31、ity.These shoes were often very difficult to wear.Other trends followed，with squaretoed shoes，wide shoes，and even shoes that could make a woman stand two feet taller.Not surprisingly，these sometimes led to accidents.Even today，fashion rather than comfort often leads to the kind of shoes women wear.M
32、echanical shoemaking appeared in the 1800s in North America.Until then，shoes had been made with the same kinds of hand tools used by the ancient Egyptians.And in 1858，a machine was invented that could stitch(缝合) the sole of a shoe to the upper part.Now it was possible to make shoes that were shaped
33、to fit either the left or right foot.Toward the end of the 1800s came a new type of shoe that was specifically designed for sportsthe sneakerand it soon become an alltime favorite.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了鞋的演变过程。12What did shoes often show in ancient times?AThe rich resources.BPeoples different beliefs.CPe
34、oples status in society.DThe changeable climates.C细节理解题。由第二段第二句“Egyptian royalty usually wore sandals that had a different style from those with lesser status(身份)，while slaves were not allowed to wear anything on their feet.”可知，在古埃及，鞋是身份地位的象征。13What does the underlined word “chic” in Paragraph 3 pro
35、bably mean?AValuable.BConvenient.CFashionable.DComfortable.C词义猜测题。由画线词后的“These shoes were often very difficult to wear.fashion rather than comfort often leads to.”可知，此处指中世纪尖头鞋在贵族中成为一种时尚。14Before mechanical shoemaking appeared， Ashoes were often very difficult for people to wearBall the shoe patterns
36、 made by the Greeks were the sameCthe only function of footwear was to protect peoples feetDpeople wore the sameshaped shoes on their two feetD细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Mechanical shoemaking appeared in the 1800s.it was possible to make shoes that were shaped to fit either the left or right foot.”可知，十九世纪机械制鞋之前由
37、手工制作的鞋左右脚形状相同。15How does the text mainly develop?ABy providing examples.BBy making comparisons.CBy following the order of time.DBy following the order of importance.C写作手法题。本文按照时间顺序介绍了鞋的演变过程从早期人类穿编织的草鞋，到古埃及人最早发明鞋底，再到制鞋工业的出现。.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)Camping without a campfire is not camping at all.
38、Latenight conversations and games around the campfire are essential for a pleasant camping experience.However，you ought to be aware of the fact that camping with a campfire is not all about fun. 16 If you are planning to set up a campfire，or if you are planning to cook during camping，you should reme
39、mber some fire safety tips.Choose a campsite which has a campfire pit(深坑) 17 If there is no fire pit，set up your own.However，you should be careful not to place the fire pit near your camping tent.When you set up a campfire，make sure that you put the campfire materials in the right order.This can hel
40、p you make sure that there will be no flying debris(碎片) once you light your fire.Put the light materials first such as paper or dry leaves. 18 Finally，make sure that you place stones around the campfire pit.Never burn plastics or other poisonous materials，which will disturb your neighboring campgrou
41、nd guests.It will also significantly pollute the air and promote the risk of fire spreads. 19 Use it only when all the other firemaking options fail. 20 Before you leave your campfire or before you go to bed，make sure that it is completely out.Leaving fire unattended runs high risks of forest fires
42、and the like.AThen，put the wood.BCamping can give you a lot of freedom.CIt needs a certain degree of responsibility.DOne traditional camp activity is making the campfire.EThis will ensure that you will be able to control your campfire.FOnce your campfire is set up，do not leave the flame unattended.G
43、Do not use petrol every time you attempt to light your campfire.【语篇解读】本文就露营时如何选取篝火的位置、添加使用篝火材料以及防护措施提出了建议。16C根据上句“然而，你应该意识到用篝火露营不全是为了好玩儿”，再根据空格下句“如果你打算支起篝火，或者如果你想在露营时做饭，你应该记住一些消防安全提示”可知，支篝火需要一定的责任感。故选C。17E根据上句“选择一个有篝火坑的营地”可知，E项“这将确保你能够控制你的篝火”符合语境。故选E。18A根据上句“先放轻材料，如纸或干树叶”，再根据空格后的Finally可知，A项“Then，pu
44、t the wood.”是本空的最佳选择。19G根据空格下句“只有当所有其他的生火选择都失败时才使用它”可知，G项“Do not use petrol every time you attempt to light your campfire.”符合题意。it指的就是petrol。20F根据下句“在你离开你的篝火或者去睡觉以前，确保你的篝火完全熄灭”以及最后一句可推知，前一句应为“一旦你的篝火支起来了，不要让火焰无人看管”。故选F。.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)My father was killed in a road accident and 21 my mother，m
45、y two younger brothers and IAt that time，I was in senior high school.As the 22 son，I had no choice but to 23 of school and work in a factory.Life went on without any wonder.I dared not ask for more and just thought about 24 my two brothers.However，it wasnt easy，for I couldnt 25 their tuition even if
46、 I worked day and night without rest.I also had to look after my sick mother.I wanted to go back to school，but it seemed to be an impractical idea，since I needed to work to support my family.A thread of 26 appeared during those gloomy days.It was a rainy dusk when I went outside into the rain and wa
47、lked in the street. 27 the rain stopped！I raised my head，and found that “the sky” was in fact a dark blue umbrella.Then I heard a deep voice say，“Why not 28 without an umbrella？” It was a onelegged man，“If you run，you wont get so wet.” His words 29 me deeply.Without my fathers protection，was I only
48、a slave to fate?While walking together in the rain，I knew that his dream was once 30 by an accident.He was glad that he didnt lose 31 and still “ran” on the road of life.Facing this guy，I had no pity，but admiration.Inspired by his 32 ，I went to a city in the south and became an assurance representat
49、ive.After two years “running”，I got somewhere and my family situation became better 33 I went back to school and eventually succeeded in being 34 to a university.Everything is so simple：to run without an umbrella！When you run out of the 35 season of your life，there will be a bright sky ahead of you.
50、【语篇解读】作者遭遇了种种挫折，后来被陌生人的一席话鼓舞，通过自身努力渡过了难关。如果没有伞就努力奔跑，当你跑出了人生的雨季，前面将会是晴天。21A.leftBcarriedChadDforcedA父亲在车祸中去世后，留下了母亲、我和两个弟弟相依为命。leave离开，(身后)留下。故选A。22A.richestBstrongestCtallestDeldestD此处指作者是家里的长子，年龄最大的，下文作者辍学工作养家也说明了这一点。eldest最大的。故选D。23A.take outBdrop outCmake out Djump outB此处指由于家庭的变故，作者作为长子别无选择只能退学去工
51、作。drop out退学。故选B。24A.bringing inBtaking awayCbringing upDtaking overC我不敢奢求更多，只想着抚养两个弟弟。bring up抚养，培养。故选C。25A.affordBrealizeCmanageDreceiveA即使我不休息日夜工作也负担不起弟弟们的学费。afford负担得起。故选A。26A.chanceBneedChopeDmoneyC此处指在那段黑暗的日子里出现了一线希望(hope)，根据下文叙述可知，作者受到了陌生人的鼓励。故选C。27A.SuddenlyBExcitedlyCGenerallyDSmoothlyA我走在雨
52、中，突然雨停了，因为有人为我撑伞。suddenly突然，符合语境。28A.driveBrunCtravelDwalkB此处指陌生人问我：“没有伞为什么还不跑？”根据常识可知没有伞的人会快跑(run)。故选B。29A.shockedBpuzzledCdiscouragedDhurtA陌生人的话使我深为震惊。 shock使震惊。故选A。30A.burnedBacceptedCruinedDdiscoveredC此处指他的梦想被一次事故毁灭了。ruin毁灭。故选C。31A.faceBheartCsightDcontrolB他很高兴自己并没有因此丧失信心，仍然能够在生活的路上“奔跑”。lose hea
53、rt丧失信心。故选B。32A.imagesBachievementsCsignsDremarksD此处指受他一番话的鼓舞，作者去了南方城市成了保险代表。remark话语，言辞。故选D。33A.simplyBgraduallyCnormallyDimmediatelyB经过我两年的奔波，我的家庭状况逐渐变好了。gradually逐渐地。故选B。34A.admittedBplacedCpromisedDtakenA此处指作者重回学校并最终成功地被一所大学录取。be admitted to被录取。故选A。35A.sunnyBcloudyCrainyDwindyC没有伞就奔跑，当你跑出了生活中的多雨季
54、节，前面就是晴天。rainy有雨的。故选C。.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)People Eat Rice All over the WorldRice 36. (believe) to have been first grown in China or possibly somewhere else in eastern Asia around 10，000 years ago.37. earliest evidence of rice farming comes from a 7，000yearold site near the lower Yangtze River
55、village of Hemudu in Zhejiang Province in China.Rice is a kind of food which requires much labor.In developed countries，the planting and harvesting is done 38. (most) with machines.39. ，in much of the world，these things are still largely done by hand.It takes one farmer 1，000 to 2，000 working hours
56、40. (raise) a rice crop on 2.5 acres of land.The fact that rice needs so much labor means 41. (keep) a lot of the population on the land.Rice is also a crop 42. need of lots of water.The wet rice grown in most of Asia needs hot weather after a period of rain and conditions provided by the rainy seas
57、ons affect many of the places 43. rice is grown.Rice straws(稻秆) 44. (leave) in the fields add nutrients(营养物) to the soil after rice is harvested(收割)For the next years crop，rice farmers can often enjoy a good harvest by adding little 45. no fertilizer(肥料)【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了水稻种植的起源、种植方式、习性和收获情况等。36is
58、believed考查时态。句意：水稻被认为是在大约1万年前在中国或其他东亚地区首次种植的。表述客观事实用一般现在时态，句子主语是Rice，所以谓语动词用单数第三人称形式，故答案为is believed。37The考查定冠词。形容词最高级前面用定冠词，且句首首字母大写，故答案为The。38mostly考查副词。副词修饰动词，故答案为mostly(主要地)。39However考查副词。上下句之间是一种转折关系，故答案为However。40to raise考查固定句式。It takes sb.some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间，故答案为to raise。41keeping
59、考查动名词。mean doing sth.意味着做某事，故答案为keeping。42in考查固定词组。in need of需要，故答案为in。43where考查定语从句。此处the places是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，故答案为where。44left考查过去分词。此处是过去分词作后置定语，表示“被留下的”，故答案为left。45or考查并列连词。结合句意可知答案为or。.应用文写作(满分15分)假设你是南阳中学的学生李华，将参加主题为“Lets pick up a book and read”的英语演讲比赛。 请你写一份演讲稿，主要内容包括：1目前很多学生课余时间沉溺于网络，远
60、离书本，导致记忆力减退，对学习失去兴趣等；2阅读的益处，如：开阔视野、增强理解力、提高成绩等。注意：1词数80左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3演讲稿开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Good morning，everyone，Im Li Hua from Nanyang Middle School.The topic of my speech is “Lets pick up a book and read” Thank you!参考范文Good morning，everyone，Im Li Hua from Nanyang Middle School.The topic of my s
61、peech is “Lets pick up a book and read”Nowadays，with the growth of the Internet，many teenagers are addicted to online games instead of reading during their spare time.The longterm use of computers causes many students to suffer loss of memory.Their interest in studying also drops greatly.To change t
62、his situation，its a good idea to help them form the habit of reading.On the one hand，reading can broaden teenagers horizons.On the other hand，reading can deepen their understanding for the events happening at home and abroad.Besides，they will get good grades in their exams.Lets pick up a book and re
63、ad!Thank you!.概要写作(满分25分)阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Good news for awkward teenagers around the world.As time goes by，you could end up like a completely different person.This comes from the longest running personality study ever carried out by scientists.According to researchers from the University of
64、 Edinburgh in the UK，our personality changes so much from youth to old age that most peoples personalities in older age are barely recognizable compared to their younger selves.The researchers analyzed results from a study in 1947，which gathered 1，208 teenagers in Scotland aged 14 and asked their te
65、achers to assess their personalities based on six traits(特性)Now，more than six decades later，the University of Edinburgh team has managed to contact 635 of the original students，and 174 agreed to have their personalities tested once more.At an average age of 76.7 years old，the group were asked to rat
66、e themselves on the same six personality traits，and then pick a close friend or family member to do the same.By comparing the thenandnow test results，the researchers found that there is almost no relationship between the traits people had as teenagers and those in their older years.It was “as if the
67、 second tests had been given to different people”，the studys researchers wrote in their report，which was published in journal Psychology and Aging.As the team explained，our personality appears stable over short intervals(间隔)However，the longer the interval between two personality tests is，the weaker
68、the relationship between the two tends to be.Its clear that more studies are needed to find out whats going on here.But it could be the first sign that its not just our cells that are being replaced throughout lifethe way we think，feel and behave might not be as set in stone as we once thought. 参考范文
69、A research shows that peoples personality changes greatly from the young to the old and is nearly beyond recognition.(要点1)The researchers tested participants twice to assess their personalities when they were teenagers and then more than 60 years later.The results showed little relationship between them.(要点2)In fact，with time going by，both our mind and body are changing greatly.(要点3)
