1、Unit 3Life in the future单词拓展1.lackv.& n.缺乏;没有lackingadj.缺少的2.tolerate vt.容忍;忍受tolerancen.忍受tolerantadj.宽容的3.instant n.瞬间;片刻adj.立即的;立刻的instantlyadv.立即;立刻4.surroundings n.周围的事物surroundingadj.周围的surroundvt.环绕;包围5.impression n.印象;感想impressv.使留下印象impressiveadj.给人以深刻印象的6.constantadj.连续不断的constantlyadv.不断地
2、7.previousadj.早先的previouslyadv.在以前;先前8.uncertain adj.不确切的uncertainlyadv.犹豫地;迟疑地uncertaintyn.犹豫;无把握9.guide n.& vt.指导;导游;指引guidancen.指引10.adjustmentn.调整;调节adjustvt.调整;调节单词拓展11.pressv.& n.按;压;新闻pressuren.压力12.optimisticadj.乐观(主义)的optimismn.乐观主义13.settlement n.定居;解决settlev.解决;定居settlern.移民14.representat
3、iven.代表,典型人物representv.代表15.switch n.& vt.开关;转换16.recyclevt.回收利用短语记忆1.take up拿起;接受2.lose sight of.看不见3.speed up加速4.be back on ones feet(困境后)恢复5.sweep up打扫;横扫6.slide into溜进7.be similar to.与相似8.be greedy for.对贪婪句型整理1.Hit by a lack of fresh air,my head ached.由于缺乏新鲜空气,我感到头痛。2.Exhausted,I slid into bed a
4、nd fell fast asleep.我感到累极了,悄悄地爬上床很快就睡着了。1.lack vi.& vt.缺乏;没有n.缺乏;短缺的东西归纳拓展lack(for) sth.缺少for lack of 因缺少(a) lack of 方面的短缺be lacking in 缺乏(某种品质或技能)高考运用:完成句子Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations,three are declining,six are stable,one is increasing,and nine (缺少) enough data.(2019全国,语法填空
5、)The leaves turned yellow (因为缺少) light.Although she is rich in knowledge,she (缺少) practical experience.答案:lackfor lack ofis lacking inlack作名词时常与介词of连用;作动词时可用作及物动词直接加宾语(不用被动语态),也可作不及物动词用;形容词lacking常与in连用。2.tolerate vt.容忍;忍受归纳拓展tolerate (sb.) doing sth.容忍/忍受(某人)做某事stand (sb.) doing sth.忍受/容忍(某人)做某事bea
6、r sb.doing sth.忍受/容忍某人做某事put up with忍受,容忍高考运用:完成句子Those who know to (容忍) others can naturally lead a happy life.I cant stand people (打断) me all the time.答案:tolerateinterrupting3.instant adj.立即的,立刻的n.瞬间;片刻归纳拓展in an instant 立刻,瞬间(instantly)for an instant 一瞬间在英语中表示“一就”的用法有:the instant (that).=instantly
7、+从句the moment/the minute/the second+从句“hardly.when.”和“no sooner.than.”结构高考运用:完成句子 (立刻) her mood changed.The shocked boy froze (一会儿,片刻),then fled. (一就) I saw him,I knew he was the man the police were looking for.答案:In an instantfor an instantThe instant写作联想:高考运用其他表达方式Instantly/The moment/The minute/A
8、s soon as I saw him,I knew he was the man the police were looking for.4.take up拿起;占去(时间或空间);开始从事;开始处理;继续高考运用:完成句子He will (开始从事) his post as the head of the civil courts at the end of next month.I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldnt want to (占用) too much of your time.She (拿起) the receiv
9、er and began to dial the number.The teacher (继续) the lesson where he left off last week.答案:take uptake uptook uptook up5.lose sight of.看不见归纳拓展catch sight of望见;看到come into sight进入视野in sight在视线内out of sight看不见;在视野之外at the sight of一看见at first sight乍一看;第一眼看到高考运用:完成句子Light pollution causes us to (看不见) ou
10、r true place in the universe.After three years of efforts,the end is finally (在视线内) for Jon.After a while Uncle Paul and his farm house were (看不见).(2019浙江卷)答案:lose sight ofin sightout of sight6.speed up加速归纳拓展at high/low/full/top speed以高/低/全/最高速at a speed of.以的速度pick up speed逐渐加速高考运用:完成句子They are bro
11、adening the bridge to (加速) the flow of traffic.The car was driving (以的速度)sixty miles per hour.答案:speed upat a speed of7.Hit by a lack of fresh air,my head ached.由于缺乏新鲜空气,我感到头痛。本句中的hit是过去分词,Hit by a lack of fresh air是过去分词短语作状语,表示原因,相当于一个原因状语从句:Because my head was hit.。归纳拓展过去分词或过去分词短语作状语时,可以表示时间、原因、结果
12、、条件、让步、方式、伴随等,表示被动或完成;过去分词的逻辑主语一般与句子主语一致;过去分词表示的动作与句子的主语之间为被动关系。高考运用:完成句子(被抚养) in the poorest area of Glasgow,he had a long,hard road to becoming a football star.(表示原因)(被看) from the top of the castle,the park looks very beautiful.(表示条件)The students rushed into the classroom,(被跟随) by their teacher.(表
13、示伴随)答案:RaisedSeenfollowed8.Exhausted,I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.我感到累极了,悄悄地爬上床很快就睡着了。exhausted adj.“筋疲力尽的,疲惫不堪的”,在此处作状语,表示原因。归纳拓展形容词(短语)和分词(短语)作状语的语法功能:表示原因,相当于一个原因状语从句。表示时间,相当于一个时间状语从句。表示让步,相当于一个让步状语从句。表示方式,相当于一个副词或介词短语。表示伴随,相当于一个并列句。高考运用:完成句子 (严重受伤),some of the passengers were sent to the nearest hospital at once.He had tried to coax(哄) the dog to him but,(害怕的),it had run off.(2019全国,完形填空) (尽管没必要),he came here last night.答案:Seriously injuredfrightenedThough not necessary
