1、课时提能练(二十六).阅读理解A(2020重庆八中第3月检测，C)Its funny how readily we “take the advice of complete strangers” when shopping online. More than 80 percent of Americans say they read online reviews at least some of the time. But on sites such as Amazon and Yelp, businesses have learnt to “make the most of the rati
2、ng system to the sellers or the platforms advantage”， eventually “making the starrating scale useless”Even in the case of confirmed reviews, it can be hard to know what the stars mean.“Amazon has stepped up the effort to provide transparency，”said Louise Matsakis in W. Its “Vine voices” program send
3、s free products for testing to an inviteonly community of “trusted reviewers”Amazon has also started ranking its Top 10,000 Contributors on a daily leaderboard not “just by the number of reviews a person has but also by how many customers find their feedback to be helpful”The current No.1 reviewer,
4、a 45yearold man from North Dakota who has posted nearly 2,500 comments since 2002, has owned a bakery in Oregon，worked for a small newspaper, and had a 10year stretch in the Navy as a nuclear welding inspector. Now he spends his time testing everything from fryers to popcorn makers, though he exceed
5、ed its weight limit by 70 pounds.“But sellers are still finding ways to deceive prospective buyers，” said a reviewer. He said, “I identified more than 150 private Facebook groups where sellers openly exchange free products for fivestar reviews. I joined four of them and was annoyed with a flurry of
6、private messages from sellers. One offered to pay me $10 for a splendid review of what was already one of the highestranked iPhone chargers， with 3,971 fivestar reviews and a trusted Amazon choice label.When it arrived, the charger broke within minutes. I reached out to Amazon and those thousands of
7、 fivestar reviews for the charger disappeared.”The product now has 11 reviews and holds a rating of 2.5 stars. But before all those fivestar reviews disappeared, how many shoppers spotted this $13.99 charger pack on Amazons firstpage results and fell for the trick?【语篇解读】本文为说明文，主要说明了亚马逊和Yelp等网站上一些卖家通
8、过购买好评来吸引顾客购买自己的产品，从而使网站的星级等级系统变得毫无用处。亚马逊对此采取的措施是为消费者提供有效的审核意见来让星级评定量表变得有用，然而卖家仍在想方设法欺骗潜在买家。1What action has Amazon taken to make the starrating scale useful?AProvide effectively checked comments for consumers.BGive priority to the advantage of customers.CDecide on contributors rank by the quantity o
9、f reviews.DGet reliable reviewers to test products before their release.A细节理解题。根据第二段中“Amazon has also started ranking its Top 10,000 Contributors on a daily leaderboard not just by the number of reviews a person has but also by how many customers find their feedback to be helpful”可知，亚马逊通过为消费者提供有效的审核
10、意见来让星级评定量表变得有用。故选A项。2What does the underlined word “deceive” in the third paragraph most probably mean?APersuade.BInstruct.CInterest.DCheat.D词义猜测题。根据后文“I identified more than 150 private Facebook groups where sellers openly exchange free products for fivestar reviews.”可知，卖家通过公开交换免费产品换取五星好评的方法来欺骗买家，故
11、推测单词意思为“欺骗”。故选D项。3What do we know about the charger seller in the last two paragraphs?AHe convinced buyers to obtain free products.BHe attempted to obtain excellent reviews by purchase.CHe was in hot water and deleted all untrusted reviews.DHe tricked buyers and disappeared from Amazon.B推理判断题。根据倒数第二
12、段中“One offered to pay me $10 for a splendid review of what was already one of the highestranked iPhone chargers”可知，充电器卖家试图通过购买行为获得极好的评价。故选B项。4Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?AThe Efforts of AmazonBThe Application of Rating SystemCNot Every Star Shines So BrightlyDDont
13、Fall for the Trick of SellersC标题归纳题。根据第一段中“But on sites such as Amazon and Yelp，businesses have learnt to make the most of the rating system to the sellers or the platforms advantage，eventually making the starrating scale useless”，再结合文章主要说明了亚马逊和Yelp等网站一些卖家通过购买好评来吸引顾客购买自己的产品，从而使网站的星级等级系统变得毫无用处，可知C项“不
14、是每颗星星都那么明亮”符合文章标题。B(2020湖北襄阳四中3月检测，C)Does it matter if a language dies out? The traditional answer is yes, because every language is a repository(智囊) of ideas and culture and represents a unique way of looking at the world. The planet only has about 7,000 languages；the extinction of even one decreas
15、es the sum total of human knowledge.But in some cases, extinction can be seen in a more positive light. Take AlSayyid Bedouin Sign Language (ABSL) for example, restricted to about 1,000 users in a small Israeli village with a high level of born deafness, the language seems to be bound to die by the
16、spread of Israeli Sign Language.The natural reaction to the loss of ABSL is regret. It is a fascinating language that has kept linguists busy since it came to their attention around 15 years ago. But for the deaf villagers，Israeli Sign Language is an upgrade：it allows them to speak to tens of thousa
17、nds of people rather than a few hundred, and enables them to work and marry outside the village. It is hard to see that as anything other than progress. Similarly，other endangered languages die out because people abandon them in favor of ones that serve their needs better.Technology also softens the
18、 blow, as endangered languages can now be captured in detailwhich also means they could eventually be brought back from the dead, much as the Hebrew language was in the 19th century. It is now the first language of 9 million people.Linguists naturally condemn the loss of language much as conservatio
19、nists (环保主义者) once mourned the loss of every single species. But they are moving towards acceptance that not all species can be saved, that invasive species are not always bad and that humanengineered ecosystems are not necessarily inferior to natural ones. Perhaps our attitudes to language extincti
20、on are due for a similar change.【语篇解读】本文为说明文，主要介绍了在语言濒临灭绝的时候，人们的本能反应是感到惋惜，毕竟每一门语言都是文化和思想的体现，是观察世界的一种独特方式，每消失一种语言就会使人类知识的总量减少一点儿。然而，在有些情况下，我们可以以积极的态度看待语言的消亡。5What can we infer about ABSL?AAnother language replaced it.BIt is an endangered language.CDeaf villagers prefer to use it.DIt has been studied
21、for over 15 years.B推理判断题。根据第二段可知，ABSL手语大约有1 000人使用，并且由于以色列手语的传播，它似乎注定会灭亡，所以ABSL是濒危语言，故选B项。6What does the underlined word “upgrade” in Paragraph 3 mean?ARecovery.BOpportunity.CImprovement.DUpdate.C词义猜测题。根据画线词后的内容可知，以色列手语让耳聋的村民们可以与更多的人交流，并且能够让他们在村子外面找到工作以及与外面的人联姻。即以色列手语比ABSL手语更能满足人们的需求；再结合后文提到的“anythi
22、ng other than progress”可推出画线词意为“改善”。故选C项。7How does technology affect languages?ATechnology can remove peoples regret.BLanguages may be rescued from extinction.CTechnology increases the number of endangered languages.DEndangered languages might be abandoned because of technology.B推理判断题。根据第四段可知，技术可以帮助
23、复活濒危语言。故选B项。8Whats the main idea of the text?AMore and more languages are dying out.BTechnology creates some new languages.CPeople feel ashamed of language extinction.DLanguage extinction is not necessarily a bad thing.D主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了人们可以从积极的一面去看待濒危语言。一方面濒危语言被能更好地服务于人们的语言代替，这是一种进步；另一方面科技也可以让某些濒危语言复活，
24、因此人们对待语言灭绝的态度应当改变，因为它未必是件坏事。故选D项。.完形填空(2020广东广州3月阶段训练改编)Throughout my life, I was never very athletic. I wasnt really into 1 ，sports or conflict. The only activities I enjoyed were 2 things like watching TV and playing computer games.It was during my junior year in high school that I realized I need
25、ed a 3 .My friends were joining the long distance running club and also invited me to do it. At my school, there were no qualification 4 ；every student was accepted.As everyone gathered around on the first day of practice，the 5 announced it was time for “warmup”I imagined the warmup would be a 6 jog
26、 around the 400metre track. I soon 7 it was a 1km run. After completing the run, I was 8 ！ I wondered, “If thats the warmup, whats next？” The real workout for the day was a 5km run, which I mostly walked. When I came home，I really considered 9 .However, I 10 myself to keep at it and try harder.Of co
27、urse，there was no real improvement 11 .I always came in last during practice and the first few 12 .As days and weeks went on, I really tried my best. During practice，I would always keep at the 13 of the group；the fastest，more confident runners were always ahead, while the laziest were behind. As the
28、 result of my 14 ，the warmup became a real warmup. The 5km run transformed into an 15 day of practice. And I was no longer last in anything we did. For a former couch potato, like me, this was a success.【语篇解读】本文为记叙文，主题语境为人与自我。作者过去喜欢看电视和玩电脑游戏，现在决心改变自己，于是参加了长跑俱乐部，而且通过不断努力终于不再是最后一名。1A.rulesBarts Ccompe
29、titionDschoolworkC根据上下文中的“I was never very athletic”及“sports or conflict”可知作者不喜欢比赛、运动等事情。2A.endlessBpointlessCimportantDchallengingB句意：我唯一喜欢的活动是像看电视和玩电脑游戏之类没有意义的事情。故选B。3A.changeBrest CteamDresultA根据下文作者加入了长跑俱乐部可知，作者意识到自己需要改变自己。句意：就在我上高中三年级的时候，我意识到我需要改变自我。4A.trialsBalternativesCopportunitiesDreasonsA
30、根据下文“every student was accepted”可知，参加俱乐部没有资格考验，谁都可以加入。5A.competitorBcoachCreporterDrefereeB句意：当大家在训练的第一天聚在一起时，教练宣布是时候热身了。6A.hardBboringCpracticalDcasualD根据下文“around the 400metre track”可知，作者一开始以为热身就只是围绕400米跑道进行的随意慢跑。7A.decidedBsuspectedCrealizedDagreedC根据下文“it was a 1km run”可知，作者很快意识到这是一次1公里的跑步。8A.se
31、nt offBtaken awayCturned downDworn outD作者第一次参加训练就跑了一公里，因此跑完后，疲惫不堪，累坏了。9A.complainingBquittingCcryingDrefreshingB根据下文“.myself to keep at it and try harder”可知，作者回到家考虑过放弃，但是又说服了自己继续坚持。10A.convincedBtaughtCsentDhelpedA解析见上题。11A.actuallyBgraduallyCseparatelyDinstantlyD根据下文“I always came in last”可知，作者的长跑并
32、没有立即出现进步和改善。12A.performancesBpresentationsCracesDstepsC根据上文“during practice and the first few”可知，练习赛还有前几场比赛，作者总是最后一名。13A.middleBtopCfrontDbottomA根据上下文可知，作者既不是跑在最前面的，也不是最后面的，作者在队伍的中间。at the middle of在中间。句意：在练习中，我总是保持在这个群体中间；跑得最快、最自信的人总是跑在前面，而最懒的人总是在后面。14A.inspirationBdeterminationCloyaltyDcontributio
33、nB根据上文“As days and weeks went on，I really tried my best”可知，作者不断尽最大努力，由于作者的决心，一公里热身变成了真正的热身。15A.unimaginableBavoidableCeasyDoptionalC根据上文“warmup became a real warmup.”可知，作者有了进步，热身变成了真正的热身，5公里跑变成了轻松的一天练习。.语法填空Pollution takes away all the beauty of the beaches of Hawaii.I hate to go to the beaches on 1
34、._(sun) weekends and see rubbish bags lying on the sand，cigarette butts(烟头) 2._ (bury)in the sand，and soda cans floating in the ocean.One thing that really annoys me is that I see 3._(tour)who visit Hawaii leave their rubbish on the beaches.I was always taught after drinking soda to throw the can in
35、to the place 4._ it should staythe trash can.Another thing that annoys me is that some people walk right by rubbish 5._ pretend that its not there.The dogs or the fish are not blame 6._ it.Its our fault and we must blame 7._ (we)Everyone has to do his or her part 8._(solve)this problem. It cant be d
36、ifficult to do the job.There are a lot of things that we can do.First of all，we can help pick up rubbish along the beaches.We could also from organizations that help clean up our beaches.More 9._ (important)，we need to start now before the beaches 10._(damage) beyond repair.【语篇解读】本文主要讨论了海滩污染的问题。1sun
37、ny考查词形转换。修饰名词一般用形容词，故用形容词sunny修饰其后的名词weekends。2buried考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，bury和其逻辑主语cigarette butts 构成动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作宾语补足语。3tourists考查词形转换。结合定语从句的关系词who可知，此处的先行词为表示人的名词，且定语从句中的谓语动词为复数，故用名词复数形式。4where考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词the place，故填where。5but考查连词。根据语境可知，空处前后存在逻辑上的转折关系，故用连词but。6for考查介词
38、。此处考查固定词组be to blame for sth.“对某事负有责任”，故用介词for。7ourselves考查代词。与句子主语we呼应，此处应用反身代词ourselves作动词blame的宾语。8to solve考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式，表目的。9importantly考查副词。副词一般修饰形容词、副词、动词，甚至整个句子，在句子中作状语。故用副词importantly，修饰整个句子。10are damaged考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知， damage和主语the beaches之间是被动关系，根据该句中的“need”可知，此处叙述一般的情况，故用一般现在时的被动语态。
