1、专题限时检测(八)情态动词和虚拟语气 (共3组，限时20分钟)1(2018南京、盐城一模)During my first year abroad, I was so busy studying and meeting new people that I did not phone my parents as often as I _. AshouldBwouldCshould have Dwould have解析：选C句意：在我出国的第一年，我忙于学习以及结交新的朋友，以至于没有像原本应该的那样经常给我的父母打电话。should have done“本来应该做某事”，符合语境。2(2018常州
2、高三一模)Why didnt you move to another city when you finished your further study abroad?I wanted to, but my mom simply _ let me go.Acouldnt BwouldntCshouldnt have Dmustnt have解析：选B句意：“你在国外完成进修后为何不去另外一座城市。”“我想去的，但是我妈妈不愿意我去。”wouldnt“不愿意”，符合语境。 3(2018金陵中学、海安高级中学、南京外国语学校四模)I know the furniture is expensive
3、but it will last for years.I _ hope so too. Acan BmayCmust Dshould解析：选D句意：“我知道这些家具贵，但是比较耐用。”“我也希望如此。”should“应该；将会”，符合语境。4(2018通、泰、淮、连、扬、徐、宿三模)Trains to Nantong now only come to the outer city limits, because building the railway tracks into the city _ many old buildings. Awould have damaged Bdamaged
4、Cshould have damaged Dhas damaged解析：选A句意：到南通的火车现在只到城外，因为在市内修建铁轨会损坏许多旧建筑。该句是隐含虚拟条件句，条件句意为“如果当时在市内建铁轨的话”，表示与过去的事实相反，所以主句部分用“wouldhave done”。5(2018盐城三模)Can you give me some advice on how to deal with that tough customer?I _ to her instead of trying to explain over the phone if in your shoes.Awill write
5、 Bwould writeCwere to write Dwould have written解析：选B句意：“如何对付那个难搞的顾客，能给我点建议吗？”“要是我是你的话，我会给她写信而不是尝试在电话里跟她解释。”答语表示对现在的虚拟，故主句中谓语动词用would do。6(2018苏、锡、常、镇二模)There _ a slight decrease in his weight but he eats too much. Awas Bcould have beenChad been Dcould be解析：选D句意：他的体重本来可以减轻不少的，但他吃得太多了。根据后文的“eats”可确定主句
6、表示与现在事实相反的情况，故用could do。7(2018通、泰、扬、徐、淮、宿二模)What a relief! We would still be wandering aimlessly in the woods _ to bring a compass with you. Ashould you forget Bhad you forgottenCyou should forget Dyou had forgotten解析：选B句意：真的是松了一口气！如果你忘了带指南针的话，我们可能还在树林里漫无目的地徘徊。本句是混合条件句，主句与现在事实相反，而从句则表示与过去事实相反，应该用过去完
7、成时，had you forgottenif you had forgotten。8(2018南通、徐州高三联考)Tom is very upset. I wish I _ him the disappointing news.I told you not to, but you wouldnt listen.Adidnt tell Bhadnt toldChavent told Dwouldnt tell解析：选B句意：“汤姆非常伤心。我真希望当时没告诉他这个令人失望的消息。”“我告诉你不要这么做，但是你不听。”wish后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，根据“I told you not to”可知
8、，此动作发生在过去，故wish从句中应用过去完成时。9(2018金陵中学、海安高级中学、南京外国语学校四模)It is hard to believe that the heartbroken couple separated in World War could meet again on the same day that they _ their fifth wedding anniversary.Ashould celebrate Bmust have celebratedCwas celebrating Dwould have celebrated解析：选D句意：很难相信在第二次世界
9、大战中分离的心碎的夫妇会在他们本来要庆祝第五个结婚纪念日的同一天再次见面。根据上文中的“separated in World War ”可知该句是对过去情况的假设，主句中用“would have done”。10(2017苏、锡、常、镇二模)Sherry rang to say she was too busy to come.Well, she _ say that. She is always making excuses.Amustnt BwouldCneednt Dshould解析：选B句意：“雪莉打电话说她太忙了不能来。”“好吧，她老是那样说。她总是给自己找借口。”根据答语中的“Sh
10、e is always making excuses”可知，此处应用would，表示过去习惯性的动作。11(2017南京高三三模)After making the speech, he went through it in his mind to reflect where he _ better.Acould do Bwould doCcould have done Dwould have done解析：选C句意：发表演讲之后，他在脑海里过了一遍来反思什么地方他本可以做得更好。could have done“本可以做某事而没有做”，符合语境。12(2017苏、锡、常、镇二模 )Nowaday
11、s people seem to become more and more selfish.How much better life would be if we _ to the values of the past!Awere to return Bhad returnedCreturn Dwill return解析：选A句意：“现在人们好像变得越来越自私了。”“要是我们能够回到过去的价值观的话，我们的生活将会好得多！”根据句意可知，此处是对将来情况的假设，从句谓语动词可以用were to do, should do或过去式。13(2017连云港、宿迁、徐州高三三模)Did you pas
12、s your driving test?Yes, otherwise I _ to the picnic next month. Acouldnt drive Bcouldnt have drivenCwont drive Dwouldnt have driven解析：选A句意：“你驾照考试通过了吗？”“是的，不然的话我下个月就不能开车去野餐了。”答句表示对将来的虚拟，故主句中用should/would/could/might do。14(2018江苏调研一)I am still on the way.Dont wait for me to have dinner.Had you bicycl
13、ed there, we _ dinner together now.Aare having Bwere havingCwould be having Dwould have been having解析：选C句意：“我还在路上。不要等我吃晚饭了。”“如果你骑车去那儿的话，现在我们就会在一起吃晚饭了。”根据语境及句子结构可知，空处所在句使用了混合虚拟语气，从句表示的是与过去事实相反的假设，主句则表示的是与现在事实相反的假设，且表示正在进行的动作，故应用would be doing。15(2017常州高三一模)“But for the fact that you _ here for 3 year
14、s, I _ in this key high school now, facing its endless homework and exams！”the poor girl cried to her helpless father. Astudied; wouldnt have studiedBstudied; wouldnt be studyingChad studied; wouldnt have studiedDhad studied; wouldnt be studying解析：选B句意：“要不是因为你在这儿上过三年学，我现在也不会在这所重点中学，面对无穷尽的作业和考试！”这个可怜
15、的女孩向她无奈的父亲哭诉。第一个空格是一个发生在过去的事实，所以用一般过去时studied；第二个空格是与现在事实相反的含蓄虚拟语气，再结合句意，故选wouldnt be studying。1(2018无锡高三一模)You could hardly imagine what great trouble John had reserving a hotel room during the G20 summit.He _ in my apartment. It was vacant as I was abroad then.Amust have stayed Bshould have stayed
16、 Ccould have stayed Dwould have stayed解析：选C句意：“你几乎不能想象John在G20峰会期间预订一间宾馆客房有多么困难。”“他本可以住在我的公寓里的。因为那时候我在国外，房子是空着的。”根据句意可知，此处表示“本来可以做某事而没有做”，所以要用could have done。2(2018无锡高三一模)According to the school rule, no child _ be allowed out of the school, unless accompanied by his own parents.Ashould BmustCshall
17、Dcan解析：选C句意：根据校规，孩子不可以离开学校，除非有他自己的父母的陪伴。shall用于第三人称，在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定，意为“应该，必须”。 3(2018江苏调研五)The boss had made full preparations for the financial problems, otherwise, his company _ out of trouble at such a short time.Adidnt get Bhadnt gotCwouldnt get Dwouldnt have got解析：选D句意：老板对这些金融问题做了充分的准备，否则的
18、话，他的公司不会在这么短的时间内走出困境。根据句意，尤其是句中的“otherwise”一词可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，故空处应用wouldnt have done结构。4(2018苏、锡、常、镇三模)Pennys baby daughter narrowly escaped drinking the furniture polish on the coffee table.Luckily for her. She _ sick or even died.Acould have got Bshould have gotCmust have got Dwill have got解析：选A句
19、意：“彭妮的小女儿险些喝了咖啡桌上的家具亮光剂。”“她真幸运。她本可能会大病一场或者甚至(为此)送命的。”could have done“本应可能做某事而没做”，符合语境。should have done“本应该做某事而没做”；must have done“一定做了某事”。5(2018南通、泰州一模)Im sorry to say I failed to meet the deadline. With better equipment, I _ the task on schedule.Awould accomplishBmight have accomplishedCmust have ac
20、complishedDcould accomplish解析：选B句意：很抱歉，我没有在规定时间内完成任务。如果有更好的设备，我可能已经按时完成任务了。根据句意，此处应用might have done“可能已经”表示对过去情况的一种推测。6(2018盐城高三三模)Its a sad fact of life: lies are lies, and sometimes the truth _ lie as well.Ashall BshouldCcan Dmust解析：选C句意：这是一个可悲的生活事实：谎言就是谎言，而有时真理也可能是谎言。can表示“有时会”，用于描述常有的行为或情形。7(201
21、8江苏押题卷四)_ not for the constructive advice of the young man, the conference couldnt be that successful.AIt was BWas itCIt were DWere it解析：选D句意：要不是因为这个年轻人的建设性建议，这个会议不可能开得那么成功。此处考查省略if的虚拟条件句。根据句意及句中的“couldnt be that successful”可知，此处表示与现在事实相反，故从句中谓语动词用一般过去时。在虚拟条件句中，be动词用were，当if省略时，则把were移到主语之前，故选D。8(20
22、18扬州高三一模)I think that conflict is unlikely to happen, but if it _， the interests of both China and the US. would be severely damaged.Awould occur Bhad occurredCwere to occur Doccurs解析：选C句意：我认为冲突不太可能发生，但是如果发生了，中美双方的利益都会受到严重的损害。根据句中的“is unlikely to happen”可知冲突目前并没有发生，所以这种假设是针对将来而言的，此时从句谓语可以用一般过去时态，“we
23、re不定式”或者should do，主句谓语用would/should/could/might do。9(2018苏、锡、常、镇二模)I could have finished my selfreflection last weekend, but the math classes and exercises _ all my spare time.Atake up Bhad taken upCtook up Dhad been taking up解析：选C句意：我本可上周末就完成反思整理工作的，但数学课和练习占据了我所有的业余时间。从句为含蓄条件句，but构成并列句，以真实的情况表示隐含的虚
24、拟条件。10(2018南通、扬州、泰州三模)She would be much healthier now _ with that much pressure from work when young. Ahad she not burdened herselfBwere she not burdenedCshould she not burden herselfDwere she not to be burdened解析：选A从句是省略了if的虚拟条件句，根据“when young”可知是对过去的虚拟，用过去完成时，句中将助动词had提前，省略了连词if。11(2018苏、锡、常、镇三模)M
25、r Simmons always tries to make me keep in mind that how much easier my life _ if I were better organized. Awill be Bwould have beenCwould be Dwill have been解析：选C句意：西蒙斯先生总是尽力让我牢记如果我安排妥当的话生活就会变得非常容易。本句是对目前情况的虚拟，故从句用一般过去时，主句用would do。12(2018淮安高三信息卷)When Emma isnt caring for Bowie, she works for four ho
26、usekeeping clients, including one who requires that she _ for eight hours.Airon BironsCwill iron Dhas ironed解析：选Arequire“要求”，其后的宾语从句常用“(should)动词原形”，表示虚拟语气，故选A。13(2018镇江高三联考)What if I had parked my car here just now?What luck! You _.Awould have been fined Bshould be finedCwould be fined Dmust have b
27、een fined解析：选A句意：“刚才如果我把车子停在这儿会出现什么情况？”“你太幸运了！如果那样，你会被罚款的。”根据句意可知，本句应该用虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反。答句中省略了if从句，主句部分谓语动词应该用“would/should/could/mighthave done”。14(2018南京二模)Mike went to the hospital alone.If he _ me about it, I would have gone with him.Ashould tell BtoldChad told Dtells解析：选C句意：“迈克一个人去了医院。”“如果他告诉过我的话
28、，我会和他一起去的。”根据前面的动词went和后面的主句部分的would have gone可知，本题考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以从句中用had done。15(2018江苏押题卷八)I actually believe that we would win the football match now if you _ on the left leg last month.Awerent injured Bhadnt been injuredChavent been injured Dwouldnt be injured解析：选B句意：事实上，我认为如果上个月你的左腿没有受伤的话，我们现
29、在就能赢下这场足球比赛了。分析句子结构可知，I actually believe后是由that引导的宾语从句；且该宾语从句使用了混合虚拟语气，主句表示与现在情况相反，而if引导的虚拟条件句则表示与过去情况相反，故应用had done结构。1_ me of the companys current situation earlier, I wouldnt have signed the contract with it.AYou informed BDid you informCYou had informed DHad you informed解析：选D句意：要是你早些告诉我这家公司的现状的话
30、，我是不会和它签合同的。根据句意及分析句子结构可知，本句是一个虚拟条件句，且根据主句中的“wouldnt have signed the contract with it”可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，故从句的谓语动词应用had done结构；又从句省略了引导词if，故从句需用倒装结构，将had置于主语前面，故选D。2No wonder some people dont show sympathy for the victim of the accident. She _ have observed the traffic rules.Amust BshouldCneed Dwould解
31、析：选B句意：难怪有些人对这次事故的受害者不表示同情。她本来应当遵守交通规则的。根据“dont show sympathy”可知，人们对事故的受害者不表示同情，她可能做了她本不应该做的事情。should have observed意为“本来应当遵守”，符合语境。3France has recently passed a law that says all supermarkets _ donate all of their unsold produce to charities.Amay BshouldCwill Dshall解析：选D句意：法国最近通过一项法律，该法律规定所有的超市都要把它们
32、没卖掉的农产品捐献给慈善机构。在法律、条约、协定等文件中，shall可以表示义务、规定、命令等。根据题干中的“a law”可知，shall符合语境。4They are said to have been familiar with each other.But they _. They were introduced only hours ago.Amay not have been Bcouldnt have beenCmustnt have been Dneednt have been解析：选B句意：“据说他们以前很熟悉。”“但是，那是不可能的。他们只是在几个小时前刚刚经过介绍认识彼此。”
33、couldnt have done在此处表示对过去事情的否定推测。5Your brother has been admitted to Nanjing University?Yes, he deserves it. If I had worked as wisely, that _ my destiny. Amight be Bwould beCcould have been Dwill have been解析：选C句意：“你弟弟被南京大学录取了？”“是的。这是他应得的。如果我当初也能明智地选择好好学习，我也会有这样的荣耀。”该句是对过去的事情进行假设，故选C项。6Mr Frank Smith
34、 truly stands out as the best friend and teacher combination. Absolutely! When I look back on what he did, Im not sure whether I _ the same in his position. Awould do Bwould have doneCmust have done Dcould do解析：选B句意：“弗兰克史密斯先生既是老师又是我们最好的朋友，他真的很杰出。”“绝对是！当我回顾他所做的一切时，我不能确定，假如我身处他那样的位置能否做到同样的地步。”该句表达的是对过
35、去事情的假设，故选B项。7The measure of a mans real character is what he _ if he _ he would never be found out. Awould do; knew Bmay do; knewCmight do; knows Dshould do; had known解析：选A句意：对一个人品格的真正衡量是看他在没人发现的情况下会做什么。此处考查虚拟语气，是对一般情况的假设。8But for the help of my English teacher, I _ the first prize in the last Engli
36、sh Writing Competition.Adidnt win Bwouldnt winChavent won Dwouldnt have won解析：选D句意：要不是我的英语老师的帮助，我也不会在上届的英语写作比赛中获得一等奖。分析句子结构及句意可知，But for在句中引出了虚拟条件，即隐含虚拟，相当于If there hadnt been the help of my English teacher，而空处表示与过去事实相反的假设，应用would have done结构。9Angela reasoned with Simon patiently and tried to persua
37、de him to change his mind, but Simon _ not listen to her, insisting on doing that.Awould BmightCought to Dcould解析：选A句意：Angela耐心地与Simon讲道理并试图说服他改变主意，但是Simon不愿意听她的，坚持要那样做。根据句意可知，此处应用would表示一种意愿。10Water _ to our planet during the first two million years after the birth of the solar system, a study has found.Amight be broughtBmay have been broughtCcould be broughtDshould have been brought解析：选B句意：一项研究发现，水可能是在太阳系形成后的头200万年里被带到了我们的星球。此处表示对过去情况的可能性推测，故要用“情态动词have done结构”。根据语境可知，此处表示“过去可能做了某事”，故用might/may have done结构。
