1、Unit 12Culture Shock.写作单词会拼写1owevt.欠(情、债等)2briefadj.短暂的，简短的3exchangevt.兑换，交换4laughtern.笑；笑声5bookvt.预约，预订6noveln.(长篇)小说7headmastern.校长8requestn.请求9familiaradj.熟悉的，常见的10arrivaln.到达，抵达11aspectn.方面12outgoingadj.友好的，乐于交友的13customn.习俗，风俗14earthquaken.地震15belongvi.适应；属于16birthplacen.出生地17fondadj.喜爱18broada
2、dj.各种各样的；广阔的19minorityn.少数，少数民族20unfairadj.不公平的21forgivevt.宽恕，饶恕22apologyn.道歉，认错apologizev.道歉，辩解，赔不是23absorbvt.理解，掌握；吸收absorbedadj.被吸引住的absorbingadj.吸引人的24expectationn.期待的事物，预期expectvt.期待，预料，指望expectedadj.预期的，预料的25majorityn.大半，大多数majoradj.主要的；重要的26reasonn.理由 v.推论reasonableadj.合理的，正当的27curiousadj.好奇的
3、curiouslyadv.奇怪地，好奇地curiosityn.好奇28movev.移动；感动movementn.动作；活动movableadj.可移动的movedadj.感动的movingadj.令人感动的29formaladj.正式的formallyadv.正式地informaladj.非正式的30cautionn.小心，谨慎cautiousadj.小心翼翼的，谨慎的31educatev.教育educationn.教育educatorn.教育者educatedadj.有教养的32addvt.增加；补充说additionn.相加，增加物additionaladj.附加的，补充的.阅读单词要识记
4、33cheque n支票34indicate vt.表明；表示35canteen n.食堂，餐厅36appetite n.胃口，食欲37detective n.侦探38contrary adj.相反的39preview n.预告；预演40multiculture adj.多种文化的高频短语会默写1get used to习惯于2give.a lift让搭车，搭便车3see.off给(某人)送行4belong to属于5insist on坚持，坚决要求6stare at盯着看；凝视7be attached to附属于8sound like听起来像9in poor condition状况不好10be
5、 sensitive to对敏感11at least至少12contrary to与相反13put/bring an end to结束14loads of许多，大量教材原句会背诵句式仿写能应用1.Decide where to go on holiday with a friend.(“特殊疑问词不定式”结构。)1.曾有一段时间，我不知道如何与同学相处。There was a time when I didnt know how to get along with my classmates.2.When I first arrived in San Francisco，I had a dif
6、ficult time understanding certain aspects of the American way of doing things.(have a difficult time (in) doing sth.“有一段较为困难的时光”。)2.在你休息后，你回到工作状态会感到困难吗？After you take a break，do you have a difficult time going back to work？3.I had a similar experience the last time I visited China.(the last time“上次的
7、时候”，用作连词引导时间状语从句。)3.上次我游黄山时被它的美景迷住了。I was attracted by the beautiful scenery of Mount Huang the last time I visited it. 【导学号：34802089】精讲8个考纲单词 owe vt.欠(情、债等)；归功于教材原句I certainly owe you an apology for not writing more often.没有多给你写信我真的非常抱歉。owe sb. sth.owe sth. to sb.欠某人某物owe.to.把归功于；归因于owing to因为；由于ow
8、e it to sb.that.多亏了某人We owe these achievements to the strength of reform and openingup and the persevering spirit of the Chinese nation.我们把这些成就归功于改革开放以及中华民族不屈不挠的精神。The country owes foreign countries billions of dollars.The country owes billions of dollars to foreign countries.这个国家欠外债数十亿美元。Owing(owe)
9、 to the bad weather，the flight was delayed for a couple of hours.由于天气恶劣，航班延误了好几个小时。链接写作句式升级你应当把你的成功归功于你的母亲。You should owe your success to your mother.You should owe it to your mother that you are successful. 【导学号：34802090】 absorb vt.理解；掌握；吸收高考佳句However，when something did interest me，I could become a
10、bsorbed.(2016年北京高考阅读理解A)然而，当有东西使我感兴趣时，我会很投入。(1)absorb.from.从中吸收absorb.into.把吸收进absorb oneself in全神贯注于absorb/attract/draw one attention吸引某人的注意(2)absorbed adj.全神贯注的(be) absorbed in.全神贯注于be absorbed by/into被吞并(吸引)Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air and moisture from the soil.植物从空气中吸收二氧化碳并从土壤中汲取水分
11、。Look，they absorb themselves (they) in the experiment.快看，他们在专心做实验。A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he was absorbed in his reading.一缕微弱的光线从墙上的小孔中透过来，他正在专心致志地读书。 exchange vt.兑换，交换 n兑换，交换教材原句Talking of moneyits really easy to exchange travellers cheques at banks or hotel
12、s so I advise you to get some of those before you come.谈到钱，在银行或饭店交换旅行支票，非常容易，所以我建议你来之前准备一些支票。(1)exchange sth. for sth.以某物交换某物exchange sth. with sb.与某人交换某物(2)make an exchange交换in exchange for sth.交换某物If the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you，you can easily exchange it for any other
13、course that we offer.如果这门课程不能让你完全满意，你可以很容易地更换我们提供的其他任何一门课程。Exchange your idea with your partner and then write it down.与你的同伴交换想法然后记录下来。Ive offered to paint the kitchen in exchange for a weeks holiday.我主动提出粉刷厨房作为一周假期的交换。 majority n大半，大多数教材原句But even though some British people are quite strange，the ma
14、jority of them are really friendly and Ive made some good friends.虽然有些英国人十分古怪，但是大多数人都很友好，我已经结交了一些好朋友。(1)minority n少数in the minority占少数(2)a/the majority of的大多数in a/the majority占大多数by/with a majority of以多数票The white are in the majority in Australia while the native people in the minority.在澳大利亚，白人占多数而土
15、著人反而占少数。The majority are/is (be) in favour of banning smoking in public.大多数人支持禁止在公共场合吸烟。The majority of the damage is (be) easy to repair.大部分损失容易补救。An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are (be) against it.好像是不可能达成协议了，因为大多数委员们反对。名师点津(1)“a/the majority of名词
16、”作主语时，其后谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数。(2)the majority作主语时，谓语动词既可以用复数，也可以用单数。 request vt.&n.请求；要求高考佳句You can talk to the robot，ask it questions，and make requests for it to perform different tasks.(2015年天津高考阅读理解B)你可以跟机器人说话，问它问题，要求它来完成不同的任务。(1)make (a) request for/that.请求；要求at sb.s requestat the request of sb.应某人
17、之要求(2)request sb. to do sth.请求某人做某事request that.(should) do sth.请求It is requested that.(should) do sth.据要求The professor came to our school to give lectures at our request.这位教授应邀来我校讲课。My parents requested me to learn (learn) a second foreign language.我父母要求我再学一门外语。It is requested that all the visitors
18、 (should) not take (take) pictures of the exhibitions.要求所有的参观者不要对展品进行拍照。 familiar adj.熟悉的，常见的教材原句Jin Li found the American way of life familiar soon after her arrival in the USA.金丽到达美国后不久，她就发现美国人的生活方式对她来说很熟悉。(1)sb. be familiar with sth.某人对某物很熟悉sth. be familiar to sb.sth. be known to sb.某物为某人所熟悉(2)be
19、 similar to与相似I believe these donated books will not only make you more familiar with China but help enhance your Chinese.我认为这些捐赠的书不仅能使你更熟悉中国，而且有助于提高你的汉语。Although the dragon is quite familiar to most Chinese，nobody has ever seen a real one.尽管龙的形象对大多数中国人来说都是很熟悉的，可是没有一个人见过真龙。 【导学号：34802091】 attach vt.
20、系，固定；附上，贴上；喜欢，依恋教材原句At first，we didnt feel we belong here，but now we are attached to the land we live on.起初，我们认为我们并不属于这里，但是现在我们已与我们所居住的土地紧紧地联系在一起了。(1)attach.to.把固定到/附在上attach importance/significance/value to认为有重要性/意义/价值attach oneself to sb.与某人在一起，缠着某人(2)(be) attached to附属于；依恋My parents always attach
21、 importance to my getting a good education.我的父母一直非常重视让我接受良好的教育。The middle school attached (attach) to Beijing Normal University is wellknown across the country.北师大附中是一所全国知名的中学。 bear vi.&vt.(bore，borne/born)容忍，忍受；承担(责任)；支撑；承受；生育；出生；结(果实)；携带教材原句I cant bear the way the native Australians have been trea
22、ted.我不能忍受对待澳大利亚土著人的方式。(1)cant bear doing/to do sth.不能忍受做某事cant bear sb./sb.s doing/to do sth.不能忍受某人做某事(2)bear a heavy burden肩负重担bear responsibility/the blame承担责任/受责备(3)bear/keep sth. in mind记住bear/keep in mind that.记住I couldnt bear to listen/listening any longer，so I left the room.我实在听不下去了，便离开了房间。Be
23、aring (bear) a heavy burden，she has to work hard to bring up her children.肩负重担，她必须努力工作抚养孩子。You may choose any theme you like.However，you should bear an essential point in mind.你可以选择任何你喜欢的主题，但关键的一条你应牢记于心。诠释3个核心短语 get used to习惯于教材原句Youre going to have to get used to bacon and eggs with a few slices of
24、 toast for breakfast over here，Aunt Mei!梅姨，你得适应这里咸肉、鸡蛋加几片烤面包的早饭！get/be used to(doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事be used to do sth./for (doing) sth.被用来做某事be used as.作为来使用used to do sth.过去常常做某事When he was young，he used to go (go) there on foot.Now he has got used to going (go) there by bike，though his bike is used
25、to pick (pick) up his grandson sometimes.当他年轻的时候，他常步行去那儿。现在他习惯于骑自行车去那里，虽然他有时用自行车去接他的孙子。 【导学号：34802092】 see.off给送行教材原句He insisted on walking me to the station to see me off.他坚持陪我走到车站为我送行。see through sb./sth.看透，识破；做完(某项工作)see to sb./sth.照料；注意；处理see to it that.确保/保证seeing that.因为，由于，鉴于Dont fool me；I ca
26、n see through your tricks!别愚弄我了，我能识破你的把戏。Im so glad youve come here to see to this matter in person.我很高兴你亲自来这里处理这个问题。Seeing (see) that youre already at the door，I suppose I must invite you inside.鉴于你已到了门口，我想我必须邀请你入内。 bring an end to结束，制止教材原句The arrival of white people gradually brought an end to the
27、 traditional Aboriginal way of life.白人的到来逐渐终结了传统土著人的生活方式。come to an end结束，告终使结束；终结at the end of.在结束时；最终The meeting didnt come to an end until 12 oclock.会议直到12点才结束。Only through political solution could we put an end to the violence.只有通过政治上的解决方案我们才能结束暴力。名师点津(1)在end的习语bring an end to，put an end to，come
28、 to an end中，用an不用the。(2)bring an end to sth.可以转化为bring sth. to an end，但put an end to不可改为put.to an end。突破2个高考句型 (教材P39)Decide where to go on holiday with a friend.定好和朋友到哪儿去度假。句中where to go on holiday.为“特殊疑问副词不定式”结构，在句中作宾语。(1)特殊疑问词后跟动词不定式构成的短语，可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语，还可以作定语。(why和if后不能直接跟动词不定式)(2)在“特殊疑问代词不定式”结
29、构中，不定式往往与前面的疑问代词构成动宾关系，不定式结构用主动语态。(3)此类不定式短语作定语时，通常仅限于“介词which不定式”结构。How to divide labor among the workers is still a question.(作主语)这些工人之间如何分工仍是个问题。He told his mother that he needed ten dollars with which to buy a new dictionary.(作定语)他对他妈妈说，他需要10美元买一本新字典。The most competent adults are those who know
30、how to do(do) this.(作宾语)(2016年天津高考阅读理解C)最有能力的成年人是那些知道怎么样去做这一点的人。 (教材P40)I had a similar experience the last time I visited China.上次我到中国参观时，也有同样的经历。表示时间的名词短语the last time相当于从属连词，引导时间状语从句。(1)名词短语作连词引导时间状语从句的还有the first time，each time，any time，next time，the moment，the second，the minute，the instant，the
31、hour，the day等。(2)以ly结尾的副词，如directly，instantly，immediately也可以用来引导时间状语从句，意为“一就”，相当于as soon as。The moment he got out of the airport，the pop star was surrounded by his fans.这位著名的歌星一出飞机场，就被歌迷围了起来。I came to see you immediately (immediate) I heard the news.我一听到这个消息，马上就来看你了。链接写作一句多译一见到她我就告诉她这个消息。I will tell
32、 her the news I see her.多角快练练单词 练短语 练句型基础考点全面练.单句语法填空1The research center founded 50 years ago is attached a famous university.2I avoid (meet) him，because I dont like him.3The question we have to face is how (cross)the river. 【导学号：34802093】4He couldnt bear (lose) the money for which he had risked hi
33、s life.5He is considering selling the old house that belongs his grandparents and using the money to start a business of his own.6The matter (relate) to peoples health surely requires dealing with carefully.7I request that you (attend) the meeting on time.8 (smoke) too much，he has suffered from lung
34、 cancer. 【导学号：34802094】【答案】1.to2.meeting3.to cross4.losing/to lose5.to6.related7.(should) attend8.Having smoked.单句改错1We must see to that all people are equal before the law. 2While most of us have met him，we are not too familiar to him. 3He soon got used to live in a dormitory after he entered unive
35、rsity. 4The young lady rushed into the room immediate she heard the noise. 5A majority of the water we use every day are groundwater. 6He requested us not smoke in the restaurant. 7Where can I exchange my American money with foreign money? 8She won the election in a majority of 73 votes. 【答案】1.to后加i
36、t2.towith3.liveliving4.immediateimmediately5.areis6.not后加to7.withfor8.inwith/by重难考点多维练1absorb万花筒(1)根据汉语提示完成句子With the development of science and technology，the surrounding villages (被吞并) the growing city.Zhang Leis attractive voice (吸引了很多音乐爱好者的注意力) at The Voice of China.【答案】have been absorbed by/int
37、ohas absorbed many music lovers attention(2)句型转换(每空一词)Tom was so absorbed in his work that he forgot to inform her of it. that he forgot to inform her of it.(改为含so.that.的倒装句) ，Tom forgot to inform her of it.(用过去分词短语作状语) 【导学号：34802095】【答案】So absorbed was Tom in his workAbsorbed in his work2end相关短语全扫描
38、(1)介、副词填空Ready or not，some day all will come an end.Our teacher runs over the main points the end of each lesson. 【导学号：34802096】【答案】toat(2)句型转换(每空一词)Were sure to bring an end to air pollution in this area.Were sure to in this area.Were sure to air pollution in this area.【答案】bring air pollution to an
39、 endput an end to.课文语法填空请根据Lesson 4的课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Australia is an 1. (astonish) land with lots of beautiful plants and strange animals，2. people take sports 3. (serious)，and they like being 4. (outdoor)Australia，with a mix of different cultures is a typical multicultural country
40、5. a lot of immigrants.The 6. (early) people，Aborigines，came to the country from Indonesia 50，000 years ago.They used to 7. (live) peacefully，but they were badly 8. (treat) when the whites 9. (settle) came.Now they are a 10. (minor) group and live in terrible conditions.In recent years，white Austral
41、ians have become more sensitive to the Aborigines situation.People are now proud of their country.【答案】1.astonishing2.where3.seriously4.outdoors5.with6.earliest7.live8.treated9.settlers10.minority.课文短文改错请根据Lesson 1的课文内容，对下面的材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。I cant believe Ive been in Lond
42、on for 6 months already! I certainly owe you an apologize for not writing more often.Ive just been so busy study and trying to absorb all the new things around meI think Im still experiencing culture shock.There is so many here that is different from home.But youll soon experience them all yourself！
43、I wish your visit is not going to be so brief but theres a lot of we can do and see in a week.Im just so glad you can afford to visit me and I refuse to let you pay off anything while youre there!I dont know how your expectations are of London，but knowing that youve never travelled outside of Asia，I
44、 thought Id tell you a bit about what you can expect find.【答案】I cant believe Ive been in London for 6 months already! I certainly owe you an for not writing more often.Ive just been so busy and trying to absorb all the new things around meI think Im still experiencing culture shock.There is so here
45、that is different from home.But youll soon experience all yourself！I wish your visit not going to be so brief but theres a lot we can do and see in a week.Im just so glad you can afford to visit me and I refuse to let you pay anything while youre !I dont know your expectations are of London，but know
46、ing that youve never travelled outside of Asia，I thought Id tell you a bit about what you can expect find.高考话题微写作请根据提示，运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并背诵成文。1上次去美国时我有一次难忘的经历。(the last time)2由于我英语不好，我不知道如何乘出租车。(owing to；have difficulty in doing)3有一位热心的妇女让我搭了个便车。(give sb. a lift)4她告诉我如何乘车、如何问路。(连接副词不定式)5我很感激她的帮助，意识到
47、学好英语可以帮助我们跟外国人沟通和交流思想。(communicate with；exchange) 【参考范文】I had an unforgettable experience the last time I went to America.Owing to my poor English，I had difficulty in taking a taxi.Luckily，a warmhearted woman gave me a lift.Besides，she told me how to take a taxi and how to ask for ways.I really appreciated her help and realized its of great help to learn English well，which can help us communicate with foreigners and exchange ideas.
