1、模块二专题三第5讲.单句语法填空1(2021浙江宁波市高三一模)Chinese President Xi Jinping on Thursday _ (congratulate) the complete success of the Change-5 mission, extending warm congratulations and sincere greetings(greet)to all members who participated in the Change-5 mission in a congratulatory message.【答案】congratulated【解析】
2、考查动词时态。句意：周四，中国国家主席习近平在贺电中祝贺嫦娥五号任务的圆满成功，并向参与嫦娥五号任务的所有成员致以热烈祝贺和诚挚问候。根据时间状语on Thursday和participated in可知，此处陈述过去发生的事实，使用一般过去时。故填congratulated。2(2021辽宁抚顺市高三一模)Although their closets are full of clothing and jewelry that they have never worn and their homes may _(pack) with shopping bags and boxes that t
3、hey bought but never used, many shopaholics simply(simple) cant resist the urge to buy.【答案】be packed【解析】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：虽然他们的衣柜里装满了他们从未穿过的衣服和珠宝，他们的家里也可能塞满了他们买过但从未使用过的购物袋和盒子，但很多购物狂就是无法抗拒购买的冲动。their homes和pack之间是被动关系，用被动语态，前面有情态动词may，含有情态动词的被动语态的结构是：情态动词be done。故填be packed。3(2021辽宁朝阳市高三一模)Eating seve
4、ral servings of a varied selection of fruits each day _(be)truly the best way to keep the doctor away.【答案】is【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：每天吃几种不同种类的水果确实是远离医生的最好方法。此处陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为动名词短语Eating several servings of a varied selection of fruits each day，谓语动词用单数。故填is。4(2021云南省昆明市高三“三诊一模”摸底诊断测试(二模)The word thermopo
5、lium literally meant “a place where something hot _ (sell) at that time”【答案】was sold【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：thermopolium这个词的字面意思是“当时卖热东西的地方”。分析句子可知，设空处为从句谓语动词，根据主句的时态是一般过去时，从句也应为一般过去时，从句中主语和谓语之间是被动的关系。故填was sold。5(2021山东省(新高考)高三二模英语试卷(三)Some smells can make you wish you _(be) back in the past, or make you
6、want to escape, which depends on whether the smell has a positive or negative association(associate)【答案】were【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：有些气味会让你希望回到过去，或者让你想要逃离，这取决于这种气味是有积极的还是消极的联想。wish后跟宾语从句时，要用虚拟语气。此处表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句的谓语动词应用一般过去时，故be动词应用were。故填were。6(2021河南省郑州市高中毕业年级第二次质量预测)The name Tianwen, borrowed(borrow) from
7、an ancient Chinese poem by Qu Yuan of the Kingdom of Chu (475 BC-221 BC), _(mean) “the quest for heavenly truth”【答案】means【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：天问的名字取自楚国(公元前475-公元前221)屈原的一首古诗，意思是“对神圣真理的追求”。分析句子可知，空处是句子的谓语，句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主语The name是名词单数，谓语动词应第三人称单数形式。故填means。7(2021广东省深圳市高三下学期第二次调研考试)Two special frien
8、ds in the Cincinnati area have created a merrier(merry) Christmas than ever for the children and families affected during the pandemic, and it _(inspire) by the experience of gratitude they both felt as they grew up.【答案】was inspired【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：辛辛那提地区的两位特殊朋友为受疫情影响的儿童和家庭创造了一个比以往任何时候都更快乐的圣诞节，这是受到他
9、们在成长过程中都心存感激的经历的启发。结合语境和后文as they grew up可知描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为it，谓语动词用单数。故填was inspired。8(2021新疆乌鲁木齐地区高三年级第二次质量监测(乌市二模)Some experts，who show disapproval of the project, argue that there could be damage to the sea life and that the marine ecosystem may _ (replace) by dry l
10、and.【答案】be replaced【解析】考查动词语态。句意：一些不赞成该项目的专家认为，这可能会对海洋生物造成损害，海洋生态系统可能会被陆地取代。that引导的宾语从句缺少谓语动词，情态动词may后面需加动词原形，主语the marine ecosystem和replace为被动关系，需用被动语态。故填be replaced。9(2020河北石家庄市高三一模)Animals _(kill) for their fur and feathers，especially in the past few decades simply because they were in the way.【答
11、案】have been killed【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：动物因为它们的皮毛和羽毛而被捕杀，特别是在过去的几十年里，仅仅因为它们挡了道。根据句中的时间状语in the past few decades可知，此处要用现在完成时；另外，kill与animals之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态；主语为animals。故填have been killed。10(2021山西朔州市高三一模)For instance, we unconsciously start to listen for and select information that _(match) our understandin
12、g and turn a blind eye to information that doesnt, rejecting(reject) it out of hand.【答案】matches【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：例如，我们会无意识地开始倾听和选择与我们的理解相符的信息，而对不相符的信息视而不见，当即拒绝接受。此处为定语从句修饰先行词information，根据上文start可知用一般现在时，描述一个客观的事实，关系词替代先行词，information是不可数名词，从句谓语动词用单数。故填matches。.单句改错1(2021江西南昌市高三一模)Only when Im hone
13、st and reliable will I be trusted with others.【答案】withby【解析】考查固定搭配和被动语态。句意：只有诚实守信，我才能得到他人的信任。分析句子可知，被别人信任应表述为be trusted by sb.，使用被动语态形式。故将with改为by。2(2021安徽马鞍山市高三一模)To be honest, I felt clumsy when I first learn to play it.【答案】learnlearned/learnt【解析】考查时态。句意：老实说，我第一次学篮球的时候觉得自己很笨。根据I felt clumsy可知，此处应用
14、一般过去时。故将learn改为learned/learnt。3(2021江西重点中学盟校高三第一次联考)It was the first time that I have visited Nan Chang，where Wan Da amusement park is being located.【答案】havehad【解析】考查时态。It was the first time that sb.had done sth.是固定句型，表示“某人第一次做某事”。故将have改为had。【答案】去掉being【解析】考查时态和语态。be located表状态，Wan Da amusement par
15、k一直在那，不用进行时的被动语态。故去掉being。4(2021内蒙古呼和浩特市高三一模)As we know，a clean city, where disease may be reduced and peoples health may be better, are good both to our mind and body.【答案】areis【解析】考查主谓一致。本句的主语为单数名词a clean city。故将are改为is。5(2021黑龙江齐齐哈尔市高三一模)I was riding my bike down to the corner shop on a Saturday m
16、orning when I attracted by a cute boy who was walking his dog.【答案】在I后加was【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：一个星期六的早晨，我骑着我的自行车去街角的商店，这时我被一个正在遛狗的可爱男孩吸引住了。根据语境可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，attract与主语I的被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故在I后加was。6(2021四川省内江市高三第三次模拟)My instructor insisted I went to see a doctor.【答案】wentgo【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我的教练坚持要我去看医生
17、。此处insist意为“坚持要求”，所以宾语从句中应用should do虚拟语气，should可以省略。故将went改为go。7(2021贵州遵义市高三一模)A writer who won the Nobel Prize leads a very tough life at the age of 15【答案】leadsled【解析】考查时态。句意：一位获得诺贝尔奖的作家在15岁时过着非常艰苦的生活。根据后文at the age of 15可知描述过去发生的事应用一般过去时。故将leads改为led。8(2021黑龙江大庆市高三一模)She actually just retires this
18、 year and I couldnt make it to her party in Dallas.【答案】retiresretired【解析】考查时态。句意：她今年刚退休我没能去参加她在达拉斯的派对。根据句中时间状语this year可知，用一般过去时。故将retires改为retired。9(2021内蒙古包头市高三一模)The highlight of the visit were the hands-on experience in the science lab.【答案】werewas【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：本次参观的精彩部分是在科学实验室的亲身体验。主语highlight为可
19、数名词单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故将were改为was。10(2021江西九校高三一模)Undoubtedly,_Yang will remembered for her great literary achievements forever.【答案】在will后加be【解析】考查语态。句意：毫无疑问，杨绛将因其伟大的文学成就永远被人们铭记。主语Yang与remember之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故在will后加be。.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021萍乡市湘东中学高三一模)A group of Chinese students in N
20、orthwest Chinas Shanxi province have built a remote controlled unmanned boat _41_(collect) garbage from water.Powered by electric propeller (螺旋桨), the cleaning boat can move forward _42_ backward.It can also make turns following _43_(instruct) from a remote control or a mobile application.The vessel
21、 _44_(measure) 1.6 meters in length, 1.3 meters in width and 0.9 meters in height and features two half-meter-long arms on _45_(it) front.When it sails forward, garbage _46_(gather) by the arms can be easily collected by a cage inside the boat.“The boat can collect up to 25 kilos of garbage and is a
22、bout twice more efficient than a human cleaner”， said Zhou Jiannan, leader of the invention, _47_ is pursuing a Phd at Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shanxis capital city Xian.It takes about four hours to _48_(full) charge the boat, while it can operate continuously for up to eight hours.B
23、esides, garbage collection, the boat can be equipped _49_ other intelligent hardware to help monitor water quality and identify sources of pollution.Now Zhou has founded a tech company focusing on _50_(produce) the boat.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一群中国学生在中国西北部的山西省建造了一艘遥控无人船来收集水中的垃圾，对这艘遥控无人船做了说明。41to collect
24、考查非谓语动词。句意：一群中国学生在中国西北部的山西省建造了一艘遥控无人船来收集水中的垃圾。本句已有谓语have built且无连词，动词collect用非谓语形式，结合句意可知，此处用动词不定式(to do)作目的状语。故填to collect。42or考查连词。句意：清洁船由电动螺旋桨驱动，可前后移动。由句意可知，forward和backward是选择关系，用并列连词or。故填or。43instructions考查名词复数。句意：它还可以根据遥控器或移动应用程序的指示进行转弯。此处用名词作动词following的宾语，instruction(指示、命令)是可数名词，此处指“不止一个指示”，
25、用名词复数形式。故填instructions。44measures考查动词时态。句意：这艘船长1.6米，宽1.3米，高0.9米，前面有两条半米长的船臂。此处缺乏谓语，讲的是事实，时态用一般现在时，measure在此处是系动词，意为“有的尺寸、量起来其体积(面积、长度、数额等)为”，不能用于被动语态，主语The vessel是单数，谓语也用单数形式。故填measures。45its考查物主代词。句意：这艘船长1.6米，宽1.3米，高0.9米，前面有两条半米长的船臂。此处用形容词性物主代词its指代The vessel，作定语修饰名词front。故填its。46gathered考查非谓语动词。句意
26、：当它向前航行时，手臂收集的垃圾很容易被船内的笼子收集起来。主句已有谓语can be collected且无连词，动词gather用非谓语形式，名词garbage和动词gather是动宾关系，用过去分词表被动，作名词garbage的后置定语。故填gathered。47who考查定语从句。句意：这项发明的负责人周建南说：“这艘船可以收集多达25公斤的垃圾，效率大约是人类清洁工的两倍”，他正在山西省省会城市西安的西北工业大学攻读博士学位。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Zhu Jiannan, leader of the invention，指人，在从句中作主语，用关系代词who。故填who。48
27、fully考查副词。句意：它需要大约四个小时才能充满电，而它可以连续运行长达八个小时。此处用副词fully(完全地)作状语，修饰动词charge。故填fully。49with考查介词。句意：此外，垃圾收集船上可以配备其他智能硬件，以帮助监测水质和确定污染源。固定搭配be equipped with sth.“配备某物”。故填with。50producing考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，周建南成立了一家科技公司，专注于生产这艘船。固定搭配focus on doing sth.“专注于做某事”，此处用动名词(doing)形式。故填producing。.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文
28、，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10 处，多者(从11处起)不计分。(2021广西南宁市高三一模)My mother and me planned to go to Chengdu by high-speed train last Saturday morning.Dad took us to the train statio
29、n by car.When we arrive there, I couldnt find my ID card.Learn this, Dad took me home immediately.We looked the card everywhere, yet we didnt find it.I was really sad because I couldnt get my ticket without my ID card.But after a few minutes, and I found it.It was in one of the pocket of my coat! We
30、 drove back to a station.That Dad told me all the way was that I should being careful with everything.Lucky, I was on time to go with Mum.【答案】My mother and planned to go to Chengdu by high-speed train last Saturday morning.Dad took us to the train station by car.When we there, I couldnt find my ID c
31、ard. this, Dad took me home immediately.We looked the card everywhere, yet we didnt find it.I was really sad because I couldnt get my ticket without my ID card.But after a few minutes, and I found it.It was in one of the of my coat! We drove back to station. Dad told me all the way was that I should
32、 careful with everything.， I was on time to go with Mum.【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者乘坐高铁找不到身份证，而最后在自己口袋里发现了身份证的经历。1考查代词。句意：我母亲和我计划上个星期六早上乘高速火车去成都。该词处在本句中的主语位置上，应该用主格代词。故将me改为I。2考查时态。句意：当我们到达那里时，我找不到我的身份证。本文谈的是上周星期六发生的事情，应用一般过去时态。故将arrive改为arrived。3考查非谓语动词。句意：了解到这一点，爸爸立即带我回家。这里指作者父亲了解到情况后，立马将作者拉回家找身份证，故用现在
33、分词作状语。故将Learn改为Learning。4考查介词。句意：我们到处找这张卡，但我们并没有找到。look是不及物动词，后面带宾语时，要加介词for，表示“寻找”。故在looked后加for。5考查连词。句意：但是几分钟后，我找到了。该词前面是时间状语But after a few minutes，与本句不存在并列关系，因此不能加and。故将and去掉。6考查名词复数。句意：它在我外套的口袋里！本句中含有one of.，因此这里应该用名词的复数。故将pocket改为pockets。7考查冠词。句意：我们开车回到车站。根据上下文，他们应该去的是同一高铁站，这里是第二次提到该站了，故应用定冠词。故将a改为the。8考查主语从句。句意：爸爸一直告诉我的是，我应该对所有事情都保持谨慎。分析句子结构可知，句子Dad told me all the way是主语从句，told后面缺少直接宾语，因此应用what引导主语从句，并作宾语，指代“爸爸告诉我的话”。故将That改为What。9考查情态动词。句意：爸爸一直告诉我的是，我应该对所有事情都保持谨慎。should是情态动词，其后面应用动词原形。故将being改为be。10考查副词。句意：幸运的是，我和妈妈准时赶上高铁去了成都。这里应该用副词，修饰整个句子。故将Lucky 改为Luckily。
