1、第三部分 人与自然中考英语教材基础练 话题18 环境保护第104练微语境词汇运用一、词汇运用 A)根据汉语或首字母提示填空。1.Shared bikes can help people travel freely in cities without (污染).2.In the past few years,China has made great achievements in (保护)the environment.答案1.pollution 句意:共享单车可以帮助人们在城市中自由出行而不造成污染。根据语境和前面的without可知此处应填名词pollution。提醒pollution为不可
2、数名词。2.protecting 句意:在过去的几年里,中国在保护环境方面取得了巨大成就。根据设空前的in可知此处应用protecting。3.All the r needs to be sorted and thrown into different bins.4.Would you mind not making a n?My baby is sleeping.5.What a m !You must put away all the clothes and toys on the floor at once!答案3.rubbish 句意:所有的垃圾都需要分类并扔进不同的垃圾箱里。4.no
3、ise 句意:请你别出声好吗?我的宝宝正在睡觉。make a noise出声。5.mess 句意:真是一团糟!你必须马上把地板上所有的衣服和玩具收拾好!What a mess!真是一团糟!B)用方框内所给短语的正确形式填空(每个短语限用一次)。6.The government has to reduce levels of harmful waste.7.It can be easily seen that human activities the environment.答案6.made laws 句意:政府已经制定了法律来减少有害废物的数量。7.have an influence on 句
4、意:显而易见,人类活动对环境有影响。throw away have an influence on call on run out fight for turn off make laws 8.The wastes you can be used for other things if they are properly recycled.9.The volunteers are doing their best to the future of the earth.10.Shanghai has all the people living in this city to sort their
5、 garbage into four groups:recyclable waste,hazardous waste,household food waste and residual waste.答案8.throw away 句意:如果能被适当地回收利用,你扔掉的废物可以用于其他事情。throw away意为扔掉。9.fight for 句意:志愿者们正在尽他们的最大努力为地球的未来而战。do ones best to do sth.表示尽某人的最大努力做某事。10.called on 句意:上海呼吁所有住在这个城市的人把垃圾分成四类:可回收物、有害垃圾、湿垃圾和干垃圾。call on意为呼
6、吁,号召,又根据空前的has可知填called on。11.Dont waste any water resources,or well of them in the near future.12.Could you please the lights when leaving the room?答案11.run out 句意:不要浪费任何水资源,否则我们将在不久的将来用完它们。run out of sth.意为用完,耗尽。12.turn off 句意:离开房间时请关灯好吗?turn off意为关掉。二、一词多义 根据汉语意思完成英语句子。13.Everyone should play a p
7、art in (拯救)the earth.14.To (节约)energy,Dad goes to work by bus instead of driving a car.答案13.saving 句意:每个人都应该参与到拯救地球中来。14.save 句意:为了节约能源,爸爸乘公共汽车去上班,而不开车去。15.As too much use of plastic bags has caused (严重的)white pollution,our government encourages us to use environmentally friendly shopping bags.16.I
8、think you should be more (认真的)about your schoolwork.答案15.serious 句意:由于过多使用塑料袋造成了严重的白色污染,我国政府鼓励我们使用环保购物袋。serious意为严重的。16.serious 句意:我认为你应该更认真对待你的学校作业。三、微语篇填空 Do you often litter the ground with plastic bottles?Plastic pollution 17.the earth.There is little doubt that plastic pollution is one of the m
9、ost serious problems in the world today.Plastic pollution continues to increase day by day.However,it seems that India has found a good way to 18.the problem.Ambikapur,a city in India,started the first rubbish cafe(咖啡馆)last year.People are encouraged to bring their plastic 19.there,so they can get a
10、 free hot meal.The cafe 20.a full meal for a kilo of plastic waste.It has become well known fast because its right by the main bus stop in the city,said Ambikapur Mayor Ajay Tirkey.There are many people coming in every day.One day a whole family came in with lots of plastic which 21.seven kilos.The
11、collected plastic wastes 22.build roads for the city.Ambikapur has already built roads out of plastic.What a creative way that helps both a city and its people!be used to waste deal with do harm to offer weigh 答案17.does harm to 此处是说,塑料污染对地球有害。do harm to 表示对有害,又主语为Plastic pollution,故应用does harm to。18
12、.deal with 根据语境可知此处应填一个动词或动词短语,又根据常用搭配可知应填deal with,表示处理。句意:然而,印度似乎找到了一个处理这个问题的好方法。19.waste(s)这个咖啡馆鼓励人们把他们的塑料垃圾带到那里,这样他们就可以得到一顿免费的热饭。waste(s)废物,垃圾符合句意。20.offers 这家咖啡馆提供一顿全餐来置换一千克塑料垃圾。21.weighed 有一天,一家人带着7千克重的塑料走进来。22.are used to 收集来的塑料垃圾被用来为城市修建道路。be used to do sth.表示被用来做某事。第105练教材句型迁移一、教材句型仿写 1.冀教七
13、下Unit 3,Unit Review,P46Every weekend,we go to the street and ask people to take part in a clothes donation.仿写:志愿者们请求人们参加保护树木的活动。2.冀教八下Unit 8,Lesson 44,P116Environment clubs encourage students to bring their lunches in reusable bags and dishes.仿写:父母鼓励我多参加体育活动。答案1.Volunteers ask people to take part in
14、 activities to protect trees.2.My parents encourage me to join in/take part in more sports activities.3.冀教八下Unit 8,Lesson 46,P120改编If each of us makes a small change in our life,we can make a big difference to our environment.仿写:这项新政策很可能对我们的环境有很大影响。4.译林八下Unit 8,P109改编We depend on the rich resources
15、on the earth to live,so it is important for us to protect them wisely.仿写:对于我们来说节约能源、减少空气污染很重要。答案3.The new policy would probably make a big difference to our environment.4.It is very important for us to save energy and reduce air pollution.5.译林八下Unit 8,P117改编If the resources are used and thrown away
16、carelessly,finally some of them will run out.仿写:如果垃圾总是被随意丢弃,我们社区将会变得越来越脏。6.沪教九下Module 2,Unit 3,P36改编In order to protect the environment,we need to stop cutting down so many trees,and we should use as few wood products as possible.仿写:为了减少白色污染,我们应该停止使用塑料购物袋。答案5.If rubbish is always thrown away careles
17、sly,our community will become dirtier and dirtier.6.In order to reduce white pollution,we should stop using plastic shopping bags.7.鲁教九全Unit 8,Section A 2d,P58改编Throw rubbish in the bins and keep public places clean and beautiful for everyone.仿写:节约用电,随手关灯。答案7.Save electricity and turn off the lights
18、 as you go out.二、高级句型转换 8.人教九全Unit 13,Tapescripts,P148改编People should stop riding in cars and start riding bikes to help protect the environment.(用be supposed to进行转换)高级句型:。答案8.People are supposed to stop riding in cars and start riding bikes to help protect the environment.9.译林八下Unit 8,P108改编In Shan
19、ghai,people separate different things like glass,plastic and paper into different groups and then recycle them.(改为被动语态)高级句型:。10.沪教九下Module 2,Unit 3,P35改编We should only buy and use products friendly to the environment.(改为定语从句)高级句型:。答案9.In Shanghai,different things like glass,plastic and paper are sep
20、arated into different groups and then recycled.10.We should only buy and use products which/that are friendly to the environment.三、补全对话 根据下面的对话情景,在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子,使对话的意思连贯、完整。A:Hi,Mr.Lin.B:Hi!A:11.?B:Sure.Go ahead.A:I know you are a member of Green Club.Do you like working there?B:Yes,I have fun work
21、ing there.A:12.?B:For ten years.A:13.?B:I often help people to improve the environment.A:14.?B:When you are at school,you should collect waste paper or cans.A:I see.Recycling can protect the environment and save money.B:15.You can also ask your classmates to do so.A:OK,I will.Thank you.答案11.Could/Ma
22、y I ask you some questions 12.How long have you been a member of Green Club/How long have you been in the Green Club/How long have you worked there 13.What do you often do 14.What shall I do to improve the environment/How can I improve the environment 15.You are right/Its a good way to improve the e
23、nvironment/.第106练重点语法复习一、将方框中的单词组合为新的单词,填入下列句中 1.Can you hear the thunder?Maybe there will be a .2.If you cant make it on Friday,we can invite else.答案1.thunderstorm 2.someone ball some thunder thing basket one storm any 3.Li Huas dream is to be a player.He wants to be like Yao Ming.4.The little dog
24、got lost and didnt have to eat for three days.We must help it.答案3.basketball 4.anything 二、用添加或改变前后缀的方式写出下列单词的反义词 5.able 6.appear 7.important 8.possible 9.order 10.correct 11.like 12.polite 13.helpful 14.careful 答案5.unable 6.disappear 7.unimportant 8.impossible 9.disorder 10.incorrect 11.unlike/disli
25、ke 12.impolite 13.helpless 14.careless 三、单项选择 15.Before Mr.White went to Paris,he French for two years.A.will learn B.has learned C.had learned D.was learning 16.I walked into the classroom,the teacher had already started teaching.A.By the time B.As soon as C.After D.Because 答案15.C 句意:在怀特先生去巴黎前,他已经学
26、法语两年了。从句用的是一般过去时,主句动作发生在从句动作之前,故用过去完成时。16.A 句意:我走进教室的时候,老师已经开始讲课了。结合语境并分析句子结构可知,此处为时间状语从句;根据从句中的walked和主句中的had already started可知应用By the time,表示到的时候。17.When he was in the shop,he found he his wallet.A.loses B.has lost C.had lostD.would lose 18.By the end of last week,she in the west of China for two
27、 months helping the homeless children.A.will stay B.has stayed C.would stay D.had stayed 答案17.C 句意:当他在商店里时,他发现自己已经丢了钱包。丢钱包发生在发现的动作之前,根据found可知此处表示过去的过去,应用过去完成时,故选C。18.D 根据题干中的By the end of last week可知此处应用过去完成时,故选D。19.Did you watch the movie?Yes,but by the time I to the cinema,the movie for several m
28、inutes.A.get;has begun B.got;had been on C.got;had begun D.get;has been on 答案19.B 此处是说,我看了电影,但是当我到达电影院时,电影已经开始好几分钟了。by the time引导时间状语从句表示过去的时间时,主句用过去完成时;又根据题干中的for several minutes可知第二空处应用延续性动词,故选B。四、根据所给要求完成句子 20.I had sold the ticket when she came.(改为否定句)I the ticket when she came.21.She had sung a
29、 song to us before she danced.(对画线部分提问)she to us before she danced?答案20.hadnt sold 21.What had;done 22.They began to climb the mountain after they had bought all the food and drink.(对画线部分提问)they to climb the mountain?23.I had been very hungry by 10:00 a.m.(改为一般疑问句)you very hungry by 10:00 a.m.?24.By
30、 the time he got to the airport,the plane had taken off.(改为同义句)he the airport,the plane had taken off.答案22.When did;begin 23.Had;been 24.When;reached 第107练话题语篇拓展Passage 1 话题:慢跑捡垃圾 建议用时:10分钟 Do you know the popular body building named plogging?Plogging,which is a combination(混合体)of jogging and the Sw
31、edish(瑞典语的)plocka upp,means picking up rubbish while exercising.Plogging,the latest lifestyle,will rock your world.It has also been the new eco-friendly fitness craze across the world.The idea of plogging was created by Erik Ahlstrm,a Swedish.He was shocked by lots of rubbish there in nature.The sam
32、e debris could remain in the road for several weeks without anyone picking it up.So he made up his mind to do something to change it.He started picking it up.It made him feel good to clean up a small place.To his surprise,stopping to clean up rubbish became a habit,then a part of his exercise routin
33、e(惯例)as he put the activity into his runs.Later,other people were joining in,and plogging runs became official events in Sweden.They run with rubbish bags and gloves.After running,they will have a competition to see who picks up the most rubbish.Nowadays,plogging has attracted more people to take pa
34、rt.As plogging requires some bending(弯腰)and some strength to hold all the rubbish,a half hour of plogging will burn 288 calories(卡路里),compared to just 235 calories from regular jogging.1.According to the passage,what is plogging?A.It is a kind of charity work which is popular in Sweden.B.It is the n
35、ew fitness craze that is friendly to the environment.C.It is the latest lifestyle but it is not suitable for us.D.It is a newly-created word from Chinese and Swedish.2.The underlined word debris means .A.ploggerB.cleaner C.lifestyleD.rubbish 3.Erik Ahlstrm created the idea of plogging because he wan
36、ted to .A.change his body shape B.clean up a small place C.keep himself from danger D.protect people who are jogging 4.What can we infer(推断)from the last paragraph?A.We need fewer calories to complete plogging.B.More calories are burnt to complete jogging.C.Plogging is more effective than jogging.D.
37、Jogging is more popular than plogging.答案【短文大意】本文主要介绍了慢跑捡垃圾这项活动。它不仅对环境有好处,也是进行锻炼的一种好方式。1.B 细节理解题。从第一段内容可知,plogging是一种受欢迎的新的环保锻炼方式。故选B。2.D 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的The same可知debris指的就是前句所说的rubbish,故选D。3.B 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,Erik Ahlstrm 产生慢跑捡垃圾的想法的原因是他想改变一小块地方垃圾成堆的脏乱环境。故选B。4.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可以推断,plogging消耗更多的卡里路,所以更
38、有效。故选 C。Plogging,which is a combination(混合体)of jogging and the Swedish(瑞典语的)plocka upp,means picking up rubbish while exercising.本句包含了which引导的非限制性定语从句。plogging是一个由慢跑jogging和意思为捡起来的瑞典语plocka upp混合而成的词,意思是在锻炼的同时捡垃圾。难句解读Passage 2 话题:智能垃圾箱 建议用时:10分钟 2022海南中考改编Do you ever find yourself standing in front
39、of rubbish bins,not sure whether the piece of waste in your hand is recyclable or not?To solve this problem,four Hong Kong high school students have invented a smart rubbish bin that uses AI to sort the waste.The students named the bin Waste Collection Point.Connected to a computer,the bin uses a ca
40、mera to tell the kind of the waste it receives and sorts it into plastic,paper,glass or other kinds.To make sure the bin can sort waste correctly,the team tested every product in the school shop and took at least 500 pictures of each one.To train the AI,we had to take many photos from different angl
41、es(角度),so it has a better rate of accuracy,said one of the students who built the AI system.The idea of the smart bin was born two years ago,when the students were in Grade Ten.At that time,people crowded into their village because of the COVID-19.They left behind a lot of rubbish and caused more po
42、llution.All the bins were full,and there was even rubbish on the mountain,the students recalled.Every weekend,we had to join the villagers in picking up the waste.The students decided to develop a special recycling bin that would encourage people to protect the environment.Although school ended at 2
43、 pm,the team would continue to work on their invention until 6 or 7 pm at school.Even when their school was closed last year,they would still meet and work together online.Our bin is now in its third generation(代).Before graduation,we hope it can be widely used in the city,the students said.Then it
44、will be easier than ever for people to recycle and protect our environment.5.According to the first paragraph we know the of Waste Collection Point.A.price B.size C.useD.color 6.The underlined words rate of accuracy mean in Chinese.A.精准度B.参与度 C.知名度D.受欢迎度 7.This chart shows why Waste Collection Point
45、 was developed.Which is the missing part?A.the hit of the COVID-19 B.villagers encouragement C.picking up rubbish around D.working on the invention of the smart bin 8.What is the passage mainly about?A.A new invention.B.Four young inventors.C.Ways to protect the environment.D.When to solve the rubbi
46、sh problem.9.How is this passage organized?(P=Paragraph)答案【短文大意】本文主要介绍了由四名学生发明的智能垃圾箱的相关信息。5.C 推理判断题。根据a smart rubbish bin that uses AI to sort the waste可知它使用人工智能对垃圾进行分类。所以根据第一段我们可以知道它的用途,故选C。6.A 词义猜测题。根据To make sure the bin can sort waste correctly和To train the AI,we had to take many photos from dif
47、ferent angles(角度)可知从不同的角度拍摄许多照片,是为了让人工智能的精准度更高,故选A。7.C 细节理解题。第四段的第一句对应题干中的第二个框中的内容,第五段的第一句对应题干中的最后一个框中的内容,所以所缺内容应从第四段中的Every weekend,we had to join the villagers in picking up the waste进行提炼,由此可知选C。8.A 主旨大意题。根据four Hong Kong high school students have invented a smart rubbish bin that uses AI to sort
48、the waste.The students named the bin Waste Collection Point并通读全文可知本文主要介绍了一项新的发明智能垃圾箱。故选A。9.B 篇章结构题。第一段整体介绍智能垃圾箱,点明主题;第二段介绍智能垃圾箱的工作原理;第三、四、五段介绍四名学生发明智能垃圾箱的动机和过程;第六段介绍智能垃圾箱的升级以及四名高中生的期望。故选B。第108练话题书面表达Section A 随着经济的发展,我们的生活越来越好,但同时也出现了严重的环境问题。请以Protect the environment为主题,按照以下要点和要求写一篇英语短文。1.要点:1)环境污染的
49、现状;2)环境污染产生的原因;3)你的建议。2.要求:1)文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称;2)词数100左右。文章结构指导 好词好句集锦 好词:polluted;as soon as possible;with the development of 好句:One of the reasons is.The other reason is.;Protecting the environment is to protect ourselves 高分范文填空 阅读范文,选择前面的好词好句填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。1.economy,our lives are getting better and
50、better.However,it also causes some problems.The air pollution is getting more serious.We do not often see the blue sky.Many people feel ill because of smog.Also,plenty of water is 2.People in some areas have little clean water to drink.Why is the pollution so serious?3.that many factories put waste
51、into lakes and rivers.4.the rapid increase of the number of cars on the road.5.More laws should be made to control air and water pollution.New types of energy should be developed 6.答案1.With the development of 2.polluted 3.One of the reasons is 4.The other reason is 5.Protecting the environment is to
52、 protect ourselves 6.as soon as possible Section B 你们学校开展了做生态小公民,建设美丽家乡的活动,请你用英语写一篇文章描述你曾经做过的一件事或参与的一次活动。要点:1.你为家乡生态环境建设做过什么事;2.活动的经过;3.你的感想。要求:1.文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称;2.词数100左右。答案One possible version:Last Saturday,our teacher organized us to clean up the Central Park,and that was really unforgettable.Whe
53、n we arrived at the park,our teacher first made an introduction of the activity and divided us into three groups to do the cleaning task.Then we started to work at once.The first group which I was in picked up the rubbish on the ground and collected the rubbish in the bags while the second group cleaned up the dirty chairs.And the last group drew many posters to ask people to protect the environment together.I felt happy though I was very tired.I was proud that I did something to protect the environment of our hometown.
