1、The Sixth Period WritingTeaching goals 教学目标1. Target language 目标语言a. 重点词汇和短语novel, hero, heroine, philosophical, creature, adventure, take place, play a part, enjoy b. 重点句子 （P18）On seeing the ring, the young man stopped.A young man was walking through a wood when he saw a ring lying on the ground.It
2、s also very philosophical, with ideas that both adults and children enjoy.2. Ability goals能力目标Enable the students to write a fantasy story and a short description of a book.3. Learning ability goals学能目标Help the students understand text organization and write a well-organized fantasy story.Teaching i
3、mportant & difficult points教学重难点 How to write a fantasy story and a short description of a book.Teaching methods教学方法Task-based activities. Teaching aids教具准备A projector and a computer.Teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式Step I Revision and Lead-inCheck the homework. Then ask the students to read the pas
4、sage on fantasy story writing. T: After seeing The Lord of the Rings, and having read a lot of fantasy novels, weve already had some idea of fantasy writing. The following are something you should know when you write a fantasy story. Show the following. How to write a fantasy story: All youll ever n
5、eed 1. Locations: fantasy place names are the key for a successful fantasy story. They must be frightening and strange. Such as, the Mountain of Dread, Halls of Death, Forest of Darkness, or Plains of Ice.2. Names: The names of people and places in the story should be very strange. For example, you
6、should name a person “Whilyium” instead of William. Its best to have physical trait or skill after the name rather than a surname, such as “Whilyium the Quick”. So our hero “Whilyium” becomes “Whilyium the Quick”.This works for human character but for non-human characters or place names (especially
7、if the place was named by non-humans or in an ancient language) you need to be a little fancier. For example, you could use double “a” words, such as “Baaku.” For a really good fantasy name it needs to be extremely difficult if not impossible to pronounce and for good measure have some apostrophes t
8、hrown in. Fxzaakuazkim for example.3. Plot: Fantasy stories are all centered on a quest. You take a couple of characters who have never been out of their village and give them the responsibility to save something important. For example, Whilyium the Quick and his childhood friend Harwold Idyldaiz wa
9、nted to kill the Dark Lord Fxzaakuazkim. Of course they need a reason to take up this action. Usually one of them would have to be a chosen one and someone with knowledge of this will come to their village. A wizard perhaps or Baaku from the Forest or Darkness. Baaku is an elf-like being with wisdom
10、 and a peaceful manner that humans could never have.For this example a wizard will come to the village and sweep the two boys off to adventure. Now that they are on their action you need to throw in a lot of side adventures that really dont add to the story. Say that Harwold is falsely accused of st
11、ealing. Also their action needs to drag in other characters. Maybe now Baaku can be in our story. Each character needs to bring one bit of knowledge or skill that will be needed at a crucial moment regardless of how useless the character seems. Each of these characters needs to use a different weapo
12、n. Bow and arrows work for quick-minded characters and an axe for some fat characters with beards.4. The ending: Its best to end with opening to some possible results. For example，The Dark Lord is simply imprisoned rather than destroyed. The farm boy hero should end up as a king of some fashion beca
13、use he was actually the descendant of a great king from a few thousand years ago. He will have also married the female character who hated him through most of the story. Harwold would probably become a great and respected warrior. Maybe he will have grown a beard and had a hidden talent with a sword
14、.T: Now youll have a chance to write one by your-selves. Lets read the start of the fantasy story first. Then work in pairs and discuss the questions.Step Writing Task 1: Ask the students to continue the story. Sample version 1: .The young man worked from morning till night as usual. He never though
15、t that he had the chance to use the ring, because he was very honest. But he kept the ring in his pocket in case the owner claimed for it.One night, he was walking slowly in the street when there came a cry for help. A beautiful young girl was surrounded by a crowd of bad boys, and they were trying
16、to rob her of her money and the necklace. Suddenly the young man had an idea, realizing he could use the ring to help. He put it on and approached the boys. He hit one of them hard on the head, and then another on the back. The one who was hit on the head thought that his man beat him and was very a
17、ngry. He beat one of his fellows even harder. In no time, the boys were fighting against each other, paying no attention to the girl. Feeling puzzled, the girl stood there dumbfounded. The young man quickly caught the girl by the arm and ran off as fast as possible.Sample version 2: .Realized that h
18、e could use the ring to get whatever he wanted without being seen, the young man came to a restaurant. After eating a lot of delicious dishes, he put on his ring. He left without paying. He was more than happy now. Then, with his ring on, he came into a shop and took anything he liked. In this way,
19、he never worked again. Whenever he was hungry, he went to a restaurant to eat to full. Whenever he wanted something, he went to a shop and took something. As time went on, he became more and more greedy.One day, he came to a bank and decided to rob the bank. Not knowing that the rings magic power be
20、came weaker because of dishonest activities, he was caught by the police and sent to prison. And the ring became an ordinary ring, without any magical power at all.Task 2: Write short descriptions of books. (P20) A sample version: A short description of Alices Adventures in WonderlandAlices Adventur
21、es in Wonderland is a work of childrens literature by the British author Lewis Carroll. It tells the story of a girl named Alice who falls down a rabbit-hole into a fantasy world, where talking creatures lived. The Wonderland described in the tale plays with logic in ways that have made the story of
22、 lasting popularity with children as well as grown-ups. The book is often referred to as Alice in Wonderland. And this title was popularized by the numerous films and television adaptations of the story produced over the years.Task 3: Write an interview with Philip Pullman. (WORKBOOK: P78) 1. Write
23、questions about Philip Pullman.Where was he born? Where did he study?When was he born?What was his first childrens book? What are his hobbies? What jobs does he do? What are his writing habits? What is the subject of his books? What is the most famous science fiction he has written?How does he write
24、?How many children does he have?Why does he write?How about His Dark Materials? 2. Ask and answer the questions about Philip Pullman.Sa: Where and when was he born?Sb: He was born in England in 1946. Sa: Where did he study?Sb: He studied in England, Zimbabwe and Australia before he went to Oxford. S
25、a: What was his first childrens book?Sb: Count Karlstein. Sa: What is the subject of his books?Sb: He wrote many adventure stories, good and bad. Sa: What is the most famous science fiction he has written?Sb: His Dark Materials.Sa: What do you know about it?Sb: It was first performed in London theat
26、er. And soon the film is coming out. Sa: What are his writing habits?Sb: He usually starts at 9:30. And 3 pages a day. Sa: Why does he write?Sb: He takes writing as a job. He wants to leave something good in the world. He also writes for enjoyment. Sa: What are his hobbies?Sb: Many. For example, dra
27、wing, making things out of wood and playing the piano. 3. Write an interview. A sample version:(I = interviewer; P= Philip Pullman)I: Can you tell me where and when you were born?P: I was born in England in 1946. I: Where did you study?P: I studied in England, Zimbabwe and Australia before I went to
28、 Oxford. I: What was your first childrens book?P: Count Karlstein. I: What is the subject of your books?P: I wrote many adventure stories. Some are good, some are bad. I: What is the most famous science fiction you have written?P: His Dark Materials.I: How do people like it?P: It was first performed
29、 in London Theater. And soon the film is coming out. I: What are your writing habits?P: I usually start at 9:30. And 3 pages a day. I: Why do you write?P: I take writing as a job. I want to leave something good in the world. And also I write for enjoyment. I: What are your hobbies?P: Many. For examp
30、le, drawing, making things out of wood and playing the piano. Step Homework1. Review the whole module. 2. Preview for the next module. 附 件I 课文疑难解析1. Will was so tired that he could not think clearly, but as he stood trying to decide what to do, he saw a cat.威尔累得脑子都不清楚了，但就在他站在那里想着该干什么时，他看到一只猫。so that
31、句型，如果that从句中是否定形式，可以把此类句子转变为too . to句型。此句可以转换为：Will was too tired to think clearly, but as he stood trying to decide what to do, he saw a cat.2. Then she leapt back, with her tail held up 然后它向后一跃，尾巴翘得老高。with her tail held up是独立主格结构。独立主格结构又称为with结构，在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常作伴随、方式、原因、条件状语。具体结构如下：1) With + 名词 +
32、介词短语 He was asleep with his head on his arm.The man came in with a whip in his hand.在书面语中，上句也可以说成：The man came in, whip in hand.2) with +名词+形容词（强调名词的特性或状态）With the clouds so low, ten to one itll rain presently. He used to sleep with the windows open.3) With +名词+副词With John away, weve got more room.
33、The square looks more beautiful than ever with all the light on.4) With +名词+-ed分词 （强调名词是-ed分词动作的承受者或动作已经发生）With this problem solved, the new medicine is now in regular production. All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.5) with+名词+-ing分词（强调名词是-ing分词的动作的发出者或表示某动作、状态正在进行）I wont be able to go
34、on holiday with my mother being ill.He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him.6) with+名词+to do （不定式动作尚未发生）So in the afternoon, with nothing to do, I went on a round of the bookshops. I cant go out with all these dishes to wash.语法：含有-ing分词的状语从句1. -ing分词一般式表示该动作与谓语动作同时发生或在谓语动作之后发生，完成式则表示
35、该动作发生在谓语动作之前，在句中只能作状语表示时间和原因。如：Standing on top of the hill, you can see as far as the seaside. (分词动作与谓语动作同时发生)The fish can eat a person in two minutes, leaving only bones. (分词动作在谓语动作之后发生)Having finished his homework, the boy went out to play football. (分词动作在谓语动作之前发生)2. -ing分词的主动式表示动作是由句子主语发出，而被动式表示主
36、语承受该动作。如：Being noticed by so many people, she felt nervous, not knowing what to say.Not having been washed in the correct way, the coat has faded.3. -ing分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加not (never)。注意完成式的否定式应将not(never)加在have前。如：Not having heard from her son for a long time, the mother worried a great deal.4. -in
37、g分词可以与when, while, if, though等连词使用。如：When doing your homework, you mustnt listen to the music.Though having been warned many times, she got to school late again.5. 当-ing分词的逻辑主语不是句中主语时，可以带有自己的主语名词或代词主格。这样的结构属于独立主格结构，有时前面还可加介词with构成复合结构。Weather permitting, we will go out for a picnic next Sunday.With
38、so many people looking at her, the girl felt nervous.6. -ing分词作状语其逻辑主语与句中主语不一致的常见情况：(1) generally / strictly / frankly speaking和 judging from等作为插入语时。如：Generally speaking, women work more carefully than men.Judging from his accent, he must be an American.(2) 句中主语为事物，而-ing分词的逻辑主语是该动作的执行者。如：It looks as
39、 if the clothes were not washed according to the instructions.The idea can be expressed using a single sentence.(3) 当-ing分词在句中作结果状语，其逻辑主语为前面整个句子时。如：European football is played in 80 countries, making it the most popular sport in the world.7. -ing分词在句中作状语时可表示时间、原因、条件、伴随和结果等。通常可以改为相应的从句或并列句。如：Walking
40、along the street, he met his old friend. (时间)When he was walking along the street, he met his old friend.Not having received his reply, she decided to write a second letter. (原因)Because she hadnt received his reply, she decided to write a second letter.Seeing from the top of the hill, you will find
41、the city more beautiful. (条件)If you see it from the top of the hill, you will find the city more beautiful.All the students sat in the classroom, waiting for their new English teacher. (伴随)All the students sat in the classroom, and they were waiting for their new English teacher.My parents went to t
42、he park yesterday, leaving me alone at home. (结果) My parents went to the park yesterday, and they left me alone at home.巩固练习：1. He turned over and went to sleep again, _ that it was still early. A. to thinkB. and thought C. thinkingD. thought2. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late
43、to clean up the river. A. Having sufferedB. Suffering C. To sufferD. Suffered3. _ the idiom, he looked it up in the dic-tionary. A. Having no learned B. Not learning C. Having never learned D. Never having learned4. It rained heavily, _ serious flooding in that country. A. caused B. to cause C. caus
44、ing D. and caused 5. He sent me an e-mail, _ to get further in-formation. A. hopedB. hoping C. hopeD. to hope6. _ no rain, we all went out for a walk after supper. A. There wasB. There being C. There to beD. It being7. He stepped into the room, _ his seat and sat down to read. A. find B. to find C.
45、finding D. found 8. The old man wrote a letter to the hospital, _ his thanks to the doctor who had cured his illness. A. expressingB. to express C. express D. expressed9. _ to the right, you will find the place you want. A. Turn B. To turn C. Turning D. Turned10. Night _, we hurried home. A. fell B.
46、 falling C. fallen D. fallKey: 1-5 CADCB 6-10 BDACB. 文化背景知识 Philip PullmanPhilip Pullman was born in Norwich on 19th October 1946. The early part of his life was spent travelling all over the world, because his father and then his stepfather were both in the Royal Air Force. He spent part of his chi
47、ldhood in Australia, where he first met the wonders of comics, and grew to love Superman and Batman in particular. From the age of 11, he lived in North Wales, having moved back to Britain. It was a time when children were allowed to roam anywhere, to play in the streets, to wander over the hills, a
48、nd he took full advantage of it. His English teacher, Miss Enid Jones, was a big influence on him, and he still sends her copies of his books. After he left school he went to Exeter College, Oxford, to read English. He did a number of odd jobs for a while, and then moved back to Oxford to become a t
49、eacher. He taught at various middle schools for twelve years, and then moved to Westminster College, Oxford, to be a part-time lecturer. He taught courses on the Victorian novel and on the folk tale, and also a course examining how words and pictures fit together. He eventually left teaching in orde
50、r to write full-time. His first published novel was for adults, but he began writing for children when he was a teacher. Some of his novels were based on plays he wrote for his school pupils, such as The Ruby In The Smoke. Philip still lives in Oxford, and he writes in a shed at the bottom of his ga
51、rden. The shed contains two comfortable chairs (one for writing in, one for sitting at the computer in), several hundred books, a six-foot-long stuffed rat which took a part in his play Sherlock Holmes and the Limehouse Horror, a guitar, a saxophone, as well as the computer, decorated with dozens of
52、 brightly coloured artificial flowers attached to it by Blu-Tack. Blu-Tack plays a big part in Philip Pullmans writing process. With it he sticks to the wall pictures, notes, posters, reminders, postcards, book jackets, anything that will stay there. Another product of technology that Philip cant do
53、 without is Post-it Notes, the smallest yellow ones in particular. They are very useful for planning the shape of a story: he writes a brief sentence summarising a scene on one of them, and then puts them on a very big piece of paper which he can fill with up to sixty or more different scenes, movin
54、g them around to get the best order. Philip Pullman believes firmly in the virtues of healthy exercise and a moderate diet for other people. It makes them feel virtuous, and makes them feel good if not happy. The most exercise he normally takes is unscrewing the top of the whisky bottle. If he liked
55、 the taste of tobacco, he would smoke vigorously. He is fond of sport, and plays it by watching television. He is a big fan of Neighbours, but that is the only soap he watches, as Neighbours gives him quite enough to think about. He is married to Jude. Their son Jamie is a viola player, and their yo
56、unger son Tom studies music at university. As far as he can tell, Philip Pullman is moderately harmless and useful. He would like to carry on doing what hes doing now, and there seems no reason why he shouldnt, but if it suddenly became against the law to write stories, he would break the law withou
57、t a seconds hesitation. His Dark MaterialsHis Dark Materials is a trilogy of novels by the fantasy fiction author Philip Pullman, comprising Northern Lights (released as The Golden Compass in the United States), The Subtle Knife and The Amber Spyglass.In Northern Lights, the heroine Lyra Belacqua, a
58、 young girl brought up in the cloistered world of Jordan College, Oxford, and her daemon an animal-shaped manifestation of her soul-journey to the icy wastelands of the far North to save their best friend Roger, and other kidnapped children from experi-mentation by evil scientists and a revisionist
59、church in an alternate universe. This world is much like our own, but with many differences. In The Subtle Knife, Lyra journeys to another world, to a city called Cittgazze (the “city of magpies”), where she meets Will Parry, a twelve-year-old boy from our own world who has recently killed a man to
60、protect his ailing mother. Together they travel from world to world and discover the Subtle Knife of the novels title so called because it can cut through the barriers between the worldsand begin to uncover the truth of their own destiny. In The Amber Spyglass, the series concludes with Will and Lyr
61、a visiting the Land of the Dead and releasing the dead souls from their captivity, the overthrow of The Authority, the destruction of the Subtle Knife, and the sealing of the passageways between the worlds by the angels. J.R.R. Tolkien John Ronald Reuel Tolkien was born on the 3rd January, 1892 at B
62、loemfontein in the Orange Free State, but at the age of four he and his brother were taken back to England by their mother. After his fathers death the family moved to Sarehole, on the south eastern edge of Birmingham. Tolkien spent a happy childhood in the countryside and his sensibility to the rur
63、al landscape can clearly be seen in his writing and his pictures. His mother died when he was only twelve and both he and his brother were made wards of the local priest and sent to King Edwards School, Birmingham, where Tolkien shine in his classical work. After completing a First in English Langua
64、ge and Literature at Oxford, Tolkien married Edith Bratt. He was also commissioned in the Lancashire Fusiliers and fought in the battle of the Somme. After the war, he obtained a post on the New English Dictionary and began to write the mythological and legendary cycle which he originally called The
65、 Book of Lost Tales but which eventually became known as The Silmarillion. In 1920 Tolkien was appointed Reader in English Language at the University of Leeds which was the beginning of a distinguished academic career culminating with his election as Rawlinson and Bosworth Professor of Anglo-Saxon a
66、t Oxford. Mean-while Tolkien wrote for his children and told them the story of The Hobbit. It was his publisher, Stanley Unwin, who asked for a sequel to The Hobbit and gradually Tolkien wrote The Lord of the Rings, a huge story that took twelve years to complete and which was not published until To
67、lkien was approaching retirement. After retirement Tolkien and his wife lived near Oxford, but then moved to Bournemouth. Tolkien returned to Oxford after his wifes death in 1971. He died on 2 September 1973 leaving The Silmarillion to be edited for publication by his son, Christopher. Summary: The
68、Lord of the RingsThe Fellowship of the RingThe journey begins as Frodo discovers the true nature of the Ring he was given from his uncle years ago. He meets the members of the Grey Company, including Gandalf the wizard, Aragorn the Ranger, Gimli the Dwarf and Legolas the Elf. All are charged with th
69、e destruction of the Ring.The Two Towers The Grey Company splits into two parts as the forces of Mordor begin to battle in earnest. Following the Ring on the journey Frodo and Sam work their way toward Mordor without their comrades.The Return of the KingThe battle for control of Middle Earth reaches
70、 a fever pitch as the forces of Good and Evil come together for a mighty conflict. Frodo and Sam continue on to Mt. Doom, but will they be able to carry out the task given to them?The HobbitBilbo Baggins, a quiet and well-mannered hobbit, finds himself embroiled on an adventure with a band of dwarves and a wizard. He makes his way through dangerous forests, high mountains, dark caverns and past a creature called Gollum who loses a Ring to him in a contest of riddles, and finally finds himself entering a dragons lair full of danger and gold.
