1、第二节如何写好复合句及含有非谓语结构的句子高考评分标准中的“复杂结构的运用及较多的语法结构”就是指句子结构的复合性和句型的多样性。不论是复杂结构的运用，如含有名词性从句、定语从句或状语从句的复合句，还是较多的语法结构，如分词和不定式等非谓语动词的运用都指向句式的转换问题。不容置疑，这些复杂结构的运用及较多的语法结构会增加文章的表达力度、提升文章的档次。一、复合句复合句由一个主句和若干个从句构成，主句和从句都具有完整的主谓结构，主句是主体，从句是一个成分，不能独立存在。1复合句包括名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句)，定语从句和状语从句。Whether well have th
2、e sports meeting depends on the weather.我们是否举行运动会取决于天气。(主语从句)Just as a famous saying goes，every coin has two sides.正如一句有名的谚语所言，事物总是一分为二的。(定语从句)As long as you dont lose heart，you will succeed.只要你不灰心，你就会成功。(条件状语从句)2恰当地使用从句，可以使作文富有变化，注意各种从句之间的转换。该规定要求你不要把邮箱密码告诉他人。It is required in the regulations that
3、you should not tell other people the password of your email account.(主语从句)What is required in the regulations is that you should not tell other people the password of your email account.(主语、表语从句)As is required in the regulations you should not tell other people the password of your email account.(定语
4、从句)二、使用非谓语动词或独立主格结构众所周知，作文中出现过多的简单句会让人觉得单调乏味，句子与句子之间的关系显得松散；而文章中过多地出现复合句又显得累赘，读起来费劲。恰当地运用非谓语动词对简单句和复合句进行转换，不仅句型多样，句子活泼，而且读起来结构紧凑，言简意明。(一)运用非谓语动词转换简单句1我为那事感到非常遗憾，开始考虑做些什么来补救一下。I feel quite sorry for that.I begin to think about what to do to help.Feeling quite sorry for that，I begin to think about wha
5、t to do to help.(现在分词作状语)2另一方面，我将帮着建立英语角，提供给我们学生一个练习英语口语的平台。On the other hand，I will help set up the English corner.I will provide us students a platform to practice our oral English.On the other hand，I will help set up the English corner，providing us students a platform to practice our oral English
6、.(现在分词作状语)3这儿的人都喜欢汤姆写的那本小说。All the people here like the novel.It is written by Tom.All the people here like the novel written by Tom.(过去分词作定语)4我们应该多讲英语。我们认为这是很重要的。We should speak more English.We think it is very important.We think it very important to speak more English.(it作形式宾语，不定式作真正宾语)(二)运用非谓语动词转
7、换复合句1惊诧于他们的熟练程度，我决心要像他们一样好。Because I was amazed at how skillful they were，I determined to be just as good.Amazed at how skillful they were，I determined to be just as good.(过去分词作状语)2看到一辆车朝她而来，我伸出手把她拉了回来。When I saw a car running towards her，I reached my hand out and pulled her back.Seeing a car runnin
8、g towards her，I reached my hand out and pulled her back.(现在分词作状语)3练习了打篮球接近两个月后，我们强烈渴望获得一场胜利。After we had practiced playing basketball for almost two months，we strongly desired to be the winner.Having practiced playing basketball for almost two months，we strongly desired to be the winner.(现在分词作状语)(三)
9、运用非谓语动词转换短文(根据一般表达写出该短文的高级表达)北京市有大量的出租车司机，他们全心全意地为乘客服务，为北京市的交通发挥着重要作用。他们起早贪黑，赚钱养家糊口。有一次，我下车时不小心把手机忘在了车上，但当我和司机同志联系上之后，他立即开车把手机送到了我家门口，让我感动不已。一般表达：There are a large number of taxi drivers in Beijing.They serve passengers heart and soul.They play an important part in the traffic of Beijing.They make s
10、ome money.They work from dawn till night.One day，I left my cellphone in the taxi I took.I got in touch with the driver.He drove to my home and gave it back to me.I was very excited.高级表达：There are a large number of taxi drivers in Beijing，serving passengers heart and soul and playing an important par
11、t in the traffic of Beijing.In order to make some money to support their families，they work from dawn till night.One day，I got out of the taxi in a hurry with my cellphone left in the taxi I took.On hearing what had happened，the taxi driver drove to my home as fast as possible and gave the cellphone
12、 back to me.Seeing my cellphone again，I was too excited to say a word.用适当的连接词填空1Stand over there youll be able to see the oil painting better.2Start out right away， youll miss the first train.3I worked hard at English and devoted all my spare time to practicing it， I failed to pass the midterm exami
13、nation.4About 9：00 last night，I was busy preparing for my tomorrows test suddenly loud noises came into my room.5Half of the girls choose film and TV stars as their idols， 48% of the boys favor sports stars.6 can students improve their writing ability in this way they can strengthen their selfconfid
14、ence.7First，my English is very good Im openminded and warm hearted， Im getting well with everyone.8People can give them as gifts hang them in their houses.9Lets go out for a walk you are too tired.10We chat with our colleagues all the time， we have lunch，or leave work together.【答案】1.and2.or/otherwis
15、e3.but4.when 5while6.Not only；but also7.and；so8.either；or9.unless10.whether.用复合句或非谓语结构改写下列句子1We were touched by the teachers words.We decided to work hard. 2I didnt receive her letter.I had to write again. 3The boy came to school late again.This made the teacher very angry. 4The boys were making the
16、 most of time.They wanted to finish the work earlier. 5I saw an old granny.She lay on the ground.I went over to help her. 6The sun gives off heat and light.This makes it possible for the plants on the earth to grow. 7I was walking along Park Road towards the east.Suddenly an old man came out of the
17、park on the other side of the street.【导学号：36742182】 8My brother was riding the bike and I sat on the seat behind him. 【答案】1.Touched by the teachers words，we decided to work hard.2Not having received her letter，I had to write again.3The boys coming to school late again made the teacher very angry.4Th
18、e boys were making the most of time(so as)to finish the work earlier.5Seeing an old granny lying on the ground，I went over to help her.6The sun gives off heat and light，which makes it possible for the plants on the earth to grow.7I was walking along Park Road towards the east when an old man came out of the park on the other side of the street.8My brother was riding the bike with me sitting on the seat behind.
