1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。高考保分巩固练 九限时30分钟. 阅读理解They say that sticks and stones may break your bones, but words will never hurt you. Yet childhood bullying(欺凌)really can damage your long-term health. Gone are the days when bullying was considered an unavoidable and
2、 finally harmless part of growing upjust last month we learned that childhood bullying can lead to poorer mental health even into middle age. Now William Copeland at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina, and his colleagues have shown that it can have lasting physiological effects too. They trac
3、ked 1, 420 nine-year-olds right through their teens. Each child was seen up to nine times during the study and asked about bullying. The team then measured levels of C-reactive protein(CRP)in their blood. CRP is a marker of inflammation(炎症)linked to higher risk of cardiovascular disease(心血管疾病)and pr
4、oblems like diabetes. “Because we were collecting biological samples throughout, we were able tolook at CRP levels in subjects prior to their bullying involvement. ”says Copeland. “This really gives us an idea of the changes bullying brings about. ”Although CRP levels naturally rise in everyone duri
5、ng adolescence, levels were highest in children who reported suffering from bullies. Even at the ages of 19 and 21, children who had once been bullied had CRP levels about 1. 4 times higher than peers who were neither wrong doers nor victims. In a cruel twist, the bullies had the lowest levels of al
6、l, suggesting they didnt suffer the same health risks. They may even see a benefit from their behaviors, though Copeland stresses it doesnt defend their actions. “The goal would instead be to find other ways to produce this protective effect without it being at someone elses expense. ”he says. Andre
7、a Danese at Kings College London has before shown that ill-treatment during childhood can lead to high levels of inflammation in adult life. “This new study is a helpful addition in showing that these effects extend to another important childhood stressor. ”he says. He suggests that care workers mon
8、itor levels of CRP in children having psychotherapy to see if it is helping to reduce the stress of being bullied. 【文章大意】该文章是科技类文章。文章通过实验数据来证明作者的观点: 欺凌对一个人有持久的伤害。1. What do you know about CRP? A. It relates directly to diabetes. B. It is a sign of the inflammation. C. It is a sign of cardiovascular
9、disease. D. It is a sign of physiological effects caused by bullying. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第二段的CRP is a marker of inflammation linked to higher risk of cardiovascular disease and problems like diabetes. 可知, CRP是炎症的标志。2. What does the phrase“prior to”in Para. 2 mean? A. throughB. duringC. afterD. before【
10、解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据该单词前后文可知, 柯普兰通过观察孩子受欺负前后的CRP水平变化, 了解到受到欺凌所带来的影响。3. What can be learned from Paragraph 3? A. CRP levels naturally rise along with the increase of age. B. The bullies are not to blame for the health risks of the bullied. C. The levels of CRP of the children once bullied are higher than t
11、heir peers. D. Copeland intends to defend the benefit of the bullies actions. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段第二句话Even at the ages of 19 and 21, children who had once been bullied had CRP levels about 1. 4 times higher than peers who were neither wrong doers nor victims. 可知, 孩子们在受到欺负时, CRP的水平会比他们的同龄人要高。4. What do
12、es Andrea Danese think about childhood ill-treatment? A. Copelands study shows nothing related to it. B. It doesnt have much to do with inflammation in adult life. C. The stress of being bullied is reduced through psychotherapy. D. Psychological treatment might help solve the problem caused by ill-t
13、reatment. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章的最后一句话He suggests that care workers monitor levels of CRP in children having psychotherapy to see if it is helping to reduce the stress of being bullied. 可推断, 心理治疗能帮助因为被不良对待引起的问题。5. What is the main idea of this passage? A. Bullying is beneficial to the bullies. B. CRP lev
14、els reflect the risks of poorer health. C. Bullying has lasting harmful effects on a person. D. Bullying leads to high CRP levels. 【解析】选C。主旨大意题。根据第一段的we learned that childhood bullying can lead to poorer mental health even into middle age. 可知, 文章主要阐述了欺凌对一个人有持久的伤害。High school graduationthe bitterswee
15、t feelings are as much a part of me now as they were twenty-one years ago. As graduation day approached, excitement increased. Being out of high school meant I was finally coming of age. Soon I would be on my own, making my own decisions, doing what I wanted without someone looking over my shoulder
16、and it meant going to school with boysa welcome change coming from an all-girl high school. There was never any question in my mind that I would go to a college away from home. My mothers idea, on the other hand, was just the opposite. Trying her best not to force her preferences on me, she would su
17、btly ask whether I had considered particular schoolsall of which happened to be located in or near my hometown of Chicago. Once it was established that, as long as the expenses would not be too heavy a burden on the family budget, I would be going away anyway, my familys perspective changed. Their c
18、oncerns shifted from whether I was going away to how far. The schools I was considering on the East Coast suddenly looked much more attractive than those in California. But which college I would attend was just one of what seemed like a never-ending list of unknowns: What would college be like? Woul
19、d I be unbearably lonely not knowing anyone else who was going to the same school? Would the other students like me? Would I make friends easily? Would I miss my family so much that I wouldnt be able to stand it? And what about the workwould I be able to keep up? (Being an A student in high school s
20、eemed to offer little assurance I would be able to survive college. )What if the college I selected turned out to be a horrible mistake? Would I be able to transfer to another school? Then panic set in. My feelings took a 180-degree turn. I really didnt want to leave high school at all, and it was q
21、uestionable whether I wanted to grow up after all. It had been nice being respected as a senior by the underclass students for the past year; I didnt enjoy the idea of being on the bottom rung of the ladder again. Despite months of expectation, nothing could have prepared me for the impact of the ac
22、tual day. As the familiar melody of “Pomp and Circumstance” echoed in the background, I looked around at the other figures in white caps and gowns as we seriously lined into the hall. Tears welled up uncontrollably in my eyes, and I was consumed by a rush of sadness. As if in a daze(恍惚), I rose from
23、 my seat when I heard my name called and slowly crossed the stage to receive my diploma. As I reached out my hand, I knew that I was reaching not just for a piece of paper but for a brand-new life. Exciting as the future of a new life seemed, it wasnt easy saying good-bye to the old onethe familiar
24、faces, the familiar routine. I would even miss that chemistry class I wasnt particularly fond of and the long travel each day between home and school that I hated. Good or bad, it was what I knew. That September, I was fortunate to attend a wonderful university in Providence, Rhode Island. I neednt
25、have worried about liking it. My years there turned out to be some of the best years of my life. And as for friends, some of the friendships I formed there I still treasure today. Years later, financial difficulties forced my high school to close its door for good. Although going back is impossible,
26、 its comforting to know I can revisit my special memories any time. 【文章大意】这是一篇情感类文章。该文章主要介绍了美国临近毕业的高中生的复杂心情。6. In this article the author mainly describes_. A. the great excitement during the months leading up to the big eventthe graduation ceremonyB. her mixed feelings during the months leading tow
27、ards graduation and on the actual graduation dayC. her happiness to be admitted to a wonderful universityD. her eagerness to go to a wonderful university far away from home【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据文章第一段High school graduationthe bittersweet feelings are as much a part of me now as they were twenty-one years ag
28、o. 和第二段的As graduation day approached, excitement increased. 可知该文章主要描述作者临近毕业的复杂心情。7. The authors mother_. A. did not care very much which college her daughter went toB. was greatly disappointed at her decision to go to a college on the East CoastC. willingly allowed her to go to a college of her own
29、choiceD. wished that she would study at a college or university close to home【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章第二段的There was never any question in my mind that I would go to a college away from home. My mothers idea, on the other hand, was just the opposite. 可知, 作者的母亲希望作者能在离家近的大学上学。8. Expectation and excitement sudd
30、enly changed into anxiety and fear. Which of the following did the author NOT include as a reason for that change? A. Growing homesick might seriously affect her academic performance at college. B. She might make a wrong choice and enter a university she did not like at all. C. Her being a top stude
31、nt at high school did not mean a successful academic career for her. D. It might be hard for her to make friends under new circumstances. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第三段的It had been nice being respected as a senior by the underclass students for the past year; I didnt enjoy the idea of being on the bottom rung
32、 of the ladder again. 排除C; 根据文章的第二段排除B、D。9. On the actual graduation day, _. A. the familiar tune “Pomp and Circumstance” brought tears to her eyesB. she went through the whole ceremony in a dazeC. she came to realize that she had a passion for her old schoolD. reaching out for diploma, she was awar
33、e of a new stage in life ahead of her【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段的As I reached out my hand, I knew that I was reaching not just for a piece of paper but for a brand-new life. 可知, 作者伸手接自己的毕业证时, 她意识到生活的新一页掀开了。10. The author adopts a(n)_tone in writing this article. A. matter-of-factB. seriousC. emotionalD.
34、indifferent【解析】选C。推理判断题。通读全文可知作者是用充满感情的态度写这篇文章的。. 阅读填句下面文章中有5处(第15题)需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中选出符合各段意思的小标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。A. Enjoy the little things. B. Get moving. C. Be a social butterfly. D. Dont get yourself down by stress. E. Get your funny bone. F. Keep a journal. Secrets of People Who Never Ge
35、t SickHow do some friends survive every winter without even catching a cold? Some experts believe that they boost their immunity through simple lifestyle habits. Lets steal their strategies and stay healthy all winter long. 1. _Its long been known that friendship is good for your health. In fact, pe
36、ople with six or more types of relationships in their lives were 25% less likely to get sick than those with three or fewer. Its possible that people with varies social networks have diverse perceptions of themselvesas a co-worker, friend or community member. That boosts self-esteem and makes it eas
37、ier to avoid stress. As a result, these people tend to stay healthier. Steal this secret: Be open to meeting new people; go to new events and reestablish old friendship. 2. _Research has found that moderate exercise can improve immune function and build up resistance to colds and infections. An stud
38、y of 36 overweight women, conducted at Loma Linda University, in California, found that those who walked quickly for 45 minutes 5 days a week reported half the number of days with cold symptoms during a 15-week period as their sedentary(久坐的)counterparts. Steal the secret: Aim for 40 to 45 minutes of
39、 moderate exercise, such as brisk walking, cycling, swimming or light running, at least five days a week. 3. _Numerous studies have found that writing about a difficult or painful event not only accelerates the process of coping with it, but also can improve your physical health. When people write a
40、bout upsetting or distressing experiences, it helps them judge the events more sensibly, understand them better and move on. Steal the secret: Set aside twenty minutes a day for three successive days to write about the things that are most important to you now and how theyre affecting you. 4. _Even
41、small pleasureshaving friends over for dinner, playing with your kids in the backyard or going to a concertcan boost your immune system. In fact, according to research at the State University of New York, positive events have a better effect on immune function than negative events. Steal this secret
42、: Make time for yourself. Start devoting at least half an hour a day to talking to a friend, reading a book or indulging in your favorite activity. Think of it as preventive medicine. 5. _Experts know that pressure increases the chance of catching cold. The reason? Your bodys helperT cells, which ar
43、e key to defending against viruses, become weakened when youre worn out. Steal the secret: Do some problem-solving. First, take a hard look at the situation and really consider whether you can do anything to change things. If you conclude that you cant change that situation, try to change your physi
44、cal and emotional reactions to it. Engaging in meditation, yoga or deep-breathing exercises and listening to calming music also help relieve stress. 【文章大意】文章介绍了健康的人不生病的一些小秘密。例如享受小小的快乐, 行动起来锻炼身体, 善于交际, 不要被压力所击垮, 保持记日记的习惯等。1. 【解析】C。从本段最后一句“Be open to meeting new people; go to new events and reestablis
45、h old friendship. ”可知: 敞开心扉去认识新的人, 接触新的事物, 加强和老朋友的沟通。故答案为C, 要善于交际。2. 【解析】B。从本段的最后一句“Aim for 40 to 45 minutes of moderate exercise, such as brisk walking, cycling, swimming or light running, at least five days a week. ”可知: 要做四十到四十五分钟的适度练习, 比如快走、骑车、游泳、轻跑、一周至少五天。故答案应为B, 行动起来。3. 【解析】F。从本段最后一句“Set aside
46、twenty minutes a day for three successive days to write about the things that are most important to you now and how theyre affecting you. ”可知: 要连续三天抽出二十分钟的时间去写一些对你来说非常重要的事情, 还有它们是怎么影响你的。故答案应为F, 坚持记日记。4. 【解析】A。从本段最后一句“Make time for yourself. Start devoting at least half an hour a day to talking to a
47、friend, reading a book or indulging in your favorite activity. Think of it as preventive medicine. ”可知: 给自己留下一点儿时间, 每天至少要半个小时的时间和你的朋友聊聊天, 读一本书或者纵情参加你最喜欢的活动。故答案为A, 享受小的事情。5. 【解析】D。本段关键词stress, pressure。本段大意: 专家知道, 压力会增加患感冒的几率。当你面对困难时, 要考虑一下, 你能不能改变它, 如果你不能改变它, 那么就改变你自己。你可以用多种方法, 如瑜伽, 深呼吸等帮助你释放压力。故答案为D, 不要被压力击倒。【规律技法】阅读填句做题“五步走”1. 通读全文。对文章进行快速浏览, 寻找主题句, 抓住文章结构及文章的写作内容。2. 详读段落。在短时间内找出每段写作内容的关键词。明确各段的主题句或主旨大意。3. 准确定位。定位选项明确各备选选项的含义, 抓住其关键词语, 根据文章整体结构与具体内容, 将选项填入文中, 填写时尤为注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段及句中的衔接标志词。4. 通读复检。将所选答案代入文中, 再次通读全文, 重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构。5. 确定排除。研究多余选项, 确定排除理由, 最终确定答案。关闭Word文档返回原板块
