1、高考题型分组训练阅读理解板块训练重细节，练速度(限时：35分钟).阅读理解A(2018北京东城区期末)Cuyahoga Valley National Park Volunteer Program Building a Community of Park StewardsPosition Title: Wildlife VolunteerButterfly Monitors ( 2 positions )Dates：Mid May to September,2018Hours：816 hours/weekLocation：Cuyahoga Valley National ParkDuties：
2、Park staff will train volunteers in butterfly identification and data recording for one week before volunteers work in team of two to help track butterfly monitoring areas. Butterfly monitoring areas are 12 miles in length and are walked one time per week. There are a total of three butterfly monito
3、ring areas within the park. Butterflies are identified by using binoculars (望远镜) or by netting and releasing. Data is recorded on data sheets.Skills Required：Applicants must have self motivation and desire to work with others. Volunteers will work during days when temperature is 70 degrees or more,
4、between 10：30 am. and 5 pm. Ability to walk a long distance in hot and humid conditions is needed. Skills with basic butterfly identification are not a must but helpful.Requirements：Applicants must complete a National Park Service Agreement and have their backgrounds looked into. US citizenship is r
5、equired. Applicants must be current Kent State University students.How to Apply：Please request an application from Mike Johnson at gkovach kent. edu and send it back to Mike Johnson at gkovach kent. edu, with the above position title as the subject, by February 15, 2018. If offered an interview, ple
6、ase come to Cuyahoga Valley National Park with your personal resume introducing your education and your previous work experience. For further information, please call Jamie Walters at (330) 6572142 or send an email to jwalters forcvnp. org.语篇解读：本文为招聘广告。凯霍加谷国家公园志愿者项目发布招聘广告，对职位服务日期、每周工作时长、具体地点、基本要求等进行
7、简单介绍。1.What will a volunteer do in this program？A.Help make a data record.B.Walk 12 miles every day.C.Work at least 16 hours per week.D.Identify butterfly monitoring areas.解析细节理解题。从Duties一段的最后两句可以看出，志愿者需要用望远镜对蝴蝶进行识别，数据要记录在数据表上。因此A项正确。答案A2.Applicants for the job must _.A.have the skills of butterfly
8、identificationB.have their backgrounds checkedC.be university graduatesD.design a program解析细节理解题。由Requirements一段中的“Applicants must complete a National Park Service Agreement and have their backgrounds looked into.”可知，应聘者的背景需要被调查一下。答案B3.To apply for the position, one needs to _.A.call (330)6572142B.v
9、isit Jamie Walters at the officeC.hand in a resume before February 15D.send the application to gkovach kent. edu解析细节理解题。从文章倒数第二段可知，申请者需要将工作申请发表到gkovachkent.edu这个邮箱。因此选D项。答案DB(2018河南安阳一模)Would you buy a car that releases calming smells into the air when you are stuck in heavy traffic? Would you buy a
10、 robot that smells like a human being？Many people have seen the 3Dcomputermade environments of virtual reality(VR，虚拟现实). Now these virtual worlds will not just look and sound real. Researchers have created VR environments that even smell like the real things. With the new technology, users open a vi
11、rtual door and step into a new environment, like a rainforest. After they enter this virtual world, special equipment releases forestlike smells into the air to make the experience seem more real.Suzanne Fisher Murray said, “It is a really wonderful experience that you have because youre exploring t
12、his environment and you have smells with it.”In the United States, SmellOVision was designed to provide smells during the showing of a movie. The SmellOVision system was once popular in the 1960s. Now, Emanuela Maggioni says it is close to becoming popular again. “The connection with emotions, memor
13、ies, and. the sense of smell，” Maggioni said, “It is unbelievable what we can do with technology.”The uses of smell technology are not just limited to films and the performing arts. Researchers showed a computer program where users could imagine themselves driving a car. The system included a specia
14、l smellspraying machine. Dmitrijs Dmitrenko said, “We want to deliver the smell of lavender(薰衣草) every time the person drives over the speed limit. We choose lavender because its a very calming smell.”Scientists are experimenting with smell instead of sounds or imagebased alerts on telecommunication
15、s equipment. And businesses are already using smells to influence peoples behavior. “Not only. in stores. But on the other side, you can create and stimulate(刺激) immediate buying，” Maggioni said, “So youre in a library and you smell coffee and actually you are unconsciously having the need to drink
16、a coffee.”语篇解读：由于交通堵塞而被困在路上时，人会感到烦躁。虚拟现实技术可以虚拟出新的环境，当司机进入新的环境中，特殊的设备可以释放出令人冷静的气味，比如森林的味道，这就不会让堵车的人烦躁不安了。文章介绍了这项新技术的由来及应用等。4.Using smell technology, researchers make VR environments _.A.have a smell of a rainforestB.even smell like real onesC.look like a 4D environmentD.impress people with a virtual
17、world解析细节理解题。从第二段第三句可知，研究者已经创设出新的虚拟环境，闻起来也像真实世界的气味一样。因此B项正确。答案B5.What does the example of SmellOVision prove？A.America is the first to use smell technology.B.Cinemas are the most suitable for smell sense.C.Smell technology has been tried before.D.It was out of date to use smellspraying devices.解析细节理
18、解题。从第四段一、二句可知，在美国，嗅觉电影技术曾被用于观看电影，这一技术在20世纪60年代一度很流行，由此可知，气味技术以前就被尝试过。答案C6.How is smell technology used by businessmen？A.To make buyers understand salesmen better.B.To remind people of their unrealistic buying.C.To help customers choose their favorite goods.D.To encourage people to buy something sudd
19、enly.解析细节理解题。由文章最后一段中的businesses are already using smells to influence peoples behavior. “Not only. in stores. But on the other side, you can create and stimulate(刺激) immediate buying可知，商业上已经使用气味来影响人们的行为，因为这可以激起人们购买的欲望。故D项正确。答案D7.What is the main idea of the passage？A.The developments of smell techn
20、ology.B.A major breakthrough of smell technology.C.The sense of smell in human communication.D.The advanced smellspraying machines.解析主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了虚拟现实技术和嗅觉技术的结合在汽车工业、观影、商业购物等方面的应用。因此A项较准确地概括了文章主要意思。答案AC(2018湖南师大附中模拟)My wife and I owned two dogs that we had owned before we met and brought into the ma
21、rriage. Her dog was a pit bull(斗牛犬) named Zack, and he hated me. When our daughter was born, I was worried that the family pit bull would be dangerous to have around our young daughter. I warned my wife that the dog would have to go at the first sign of trouble. I said, “If he nips(啃咬) at the baby,
22、hes gone.”We brought our daughter home in a car seat, and both dogs sniffed and licked her, tails wagging. I had to pull Zack away from her because he wouldnt stop licking her. Zack immediately became my daughters protector, and when she was lying on a blanket on the floor, he always had one foot on
23、 the blanket.Zack loved my daughter extremely, and when she became a little older, he always walked her to bed, and then slept on the bed with her. He somehow knew whenever it was time to go upstairs, and he would wait at the bottom of the stairs for her, and then follow her up to bed.Zack was poiso
24、ned by some neighbor kids, and we had one of the worst days of our lives. Watching my daughter say goodbye to him as he lay still on the kitchen floor, my wife and I were both sobbing.At 8：00 that night, my daughter walked to the stairs to go to bed. At that moment, all three of us realized what was
25、 about to happen. My daughter looked at her mother and me with a look of horror and panic. It was at that moment that my dog, Sam, who loved my daughter dearly, stood up, walked over to her, and nudged her with his head. He put his foot on the stairs, and looked up at her. They walked up to bed, wit
26、h my daughter holding his neck tightly.For the next six years, until he died, Sam waited for her by the stairs each night.语篇解读：本文主要讲了作者的女儿在狗狗的呵护下长大，两只狗狗接力保护作者的女儿，一直到自己生命的最后一刻。8.Why did the author pull Zack away from his daughter？A.Zack kept licking his daughter.B.Zack hated his daughter.C.His daught
27、er was sensitive to dogs.D.His daughter was afraid of dogs.解析细节理解题。由第二段中的“I had to pull Zack away from her because he wouldnt stop licking her.”可知，作者把扎克从女儿身边拉开，是因为扎克一直舔他的女儿。答案A9.After the death of the dog Zack, the daughter _.A.felt very horrified and sadB.wanted to buy another dogC.asked her parent
28、s to sleep with herD.asked to stay with the other dog解析细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“My daughter looked at her mother and me with a look of horror and panic.”可知，在狗狗扎克死后，作者的女儿感到恐惧和惊慌。答案A10.What does the underlined word “nudged” in Paragraph 5 mean？A.lifted. Blicked.C.pushed. Dpulled.解析词义猜测题。lift意为“举起”；lick意为“舔”；pus
29、h意为“推”；pull意为“拉”。由with his head及常识可知，狗狗是用头推她，所以nudged意思是“推”。答案C11.What is the main idea of the passage？A.Dogs can be mans best friend.B.Its a natural thing that children like dogs.C.Parents should protect their children from dogs.D.Dogs sometimes may cause trouble for their owners.解析主旨大意题。本文主要讲了作者的女
30、儿在狗狗的呵护下长大，两只狗狗接力保护作者的女儿，直到自己生命的最后一刻，所以这篇文章的主题思想是狗狗可以是人类最好的朋友。答案AD(2018全国卷)We may think were a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置) well after they go out of style. Thats bad news for
31、the environmentand our walletsas these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs fo
32、r each product throughout its lifefrom when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and boxset TVs defined 1992. Digi
33、tal cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and ereaders showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didnt throw out our old ones. “The livingroom television is replaced and gets planted in the kids room
34、, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house，” said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. Were not just keeping these old deviceswe continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitts team, old desktop
35、 monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions(排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So whats the solution(解决方案)? The teams data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what
36、 would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more ondemand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.语篇解读：文
37、章通过研究团队的探究调查，对比新旧电子设备对环境的影响，得出结论：新的电子设备更节能，旧的电子设备应尽量停止使用。12.What does the author think of new devices？A.They are environmentfriendly.B.They are no better than the old.C.They cost more to use at home.D.They go out of style quickly.解析推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Thats bad news for the environmentand our walletsas
38、these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.”可知，人们日常使用的旧设备要比新设备更消耗能量，因此可以推知新设备更加环保。答案A13.Why did Babbitts team conduct the research？A.To reduce the cost of minerals.B.To test the life cycle of a product.C.To update consumers on new technology.D.To find
39、 out electricity consumption of the devices.解析细节理解题。根据第二段首句中的“To figure out how much power these devices are using”可知，该研究团队的目的是弄清楚这些设备的耗电量。答案D14.Which of the following uses the least energy？A.The boxset TV. BThe tablet.C.The LCD TV. DThe desktop computer.解析细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“They found that more ondem
40、and entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.”可知，平板电脑比台式电脑和电视耗能都少。答案B15.What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices？A.Stop using them. BTake them apart.C.Upgrade them. DRecycle them.解析推理判断题。根据全文内容以及最后一段中提到的解决方案可知，
41、旧电子设备没有新电子设备环保，其耗能也高，应尽量停止使用旧设备。答案A.七选五阅读填空(2018河北衡水中学八模)Do you have the experience of digging out your suitcase, deciding what to bring and being afraid that youve forgotten something? _1_ Hope they can transform the way you pack.Keep a Basket HandyDo you wait until the last minute to pack? Keep a
42、basket in your bedroom, living room, or bath room that you can use to throw in items you need to pack as you come across them. _2_ Besides, you can just put the contents of the basket into your suitcase if you are in a hurry to leave for the airport.Buy Wrinklefree ClothingYou wont need to worry abo
43、ut carefully packing your items of clothing if theyre made from wrinklefree materials. _3_ Youll still look fresh and bright when you are in them at your destination.Keep Old Packing ListsChances are that you end up taking trips that require you to pack similar items. Keep old packing lists from for
44、mer vacations to the beach, ski resort, and citythat way, youll always have a list of at least the basics. _4_ So you dont need to waste your effort to remember where you left your handwritten packing lists.Schedule a Packing TimeTime can slip away from you before a tripyou may be caught up at work,
45、 at home, or be occupied with other responsibilities of daily life. _5_ That way, you will not need to do your packing frantically (手忙脚乱地) at the last minute on the day you leave.A.This makes you less likely to forget the stuff.B.The best way to do this is to save them on your computer.C.Buy necessa
46、ry stuff when you arrive.D.Determine a night well in advance of departure to pack.E.Thats why Ive distilled(提炼) the art of packing into some essential tips.F.Just ball them up or put them at the bottom of the suitcase.G.Rolling your clothes is the best way to save space for the suitcase.语篇解读：你有没有在出行
47、前总是翻看行李箱，思考要带些什么，唯恐忘带某些东西？本文提供了四个打包技巧。1.解析根据设空处的后一句“希望它们能改变你打包的方式”可知，设空处应表示本文会提供一些技巧。E项“那就是我将打包的艺术浓缩成一些基本技巧的原因”符合文意。故选E项。答案E2.解析本段的主题是第一个打包技巧：准备一个篮子用来装需要携带的物品。设空处后一句“Besides, you can just put the contents of the basket into your suitcase if you are in a hurry to leave for the airport.”讲述的是“准备篮子”的另一个
48、好处。根据该句中的Besides 词可知，设空处亦是讲述“准备篮子”的好处。故选项A“这会使你不容易忘带东西”符合文意。答案A3.解析根据设空处的前一句“You wont need to worry about carefully packing your items of clothing if theyre made from wrinklefree materials.”可知，假如你的衣服是由抗皱材料制成的，你就不用小心翼翼地打包了。故选项F“直接将它们团起来或是放在箱子底部”符合文意。答案F4.解析本段讲述的是第三个打包技巧：保留之前的打包清单以备后用。根据设空处后一句“这样你就不用费力去记你将手写清单放在哪里了”可知，该空讲述的应该是清单的存放方式，从而可以推断出选项B“最好的方法是将清单保存到电脑中”符合文意。答案B5.解析本段讲述的是第四个打包技巧：计划好打包的时间，这样你就不会在最后一刻还在手忙脚乱地收拾行李了。故可锁定选项D“确定好一个出发前的晚上来打包”。答案D
