1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。真题回访A(2015浙江高考A记叙文)From the very beginning of school we make books and reading a constant source of possible failure and public humiliation. When children are little we make them read aloud, before the teacher and other children, so that
2、we can be sure they “know” all the words they are reading. This means that when they dont know a word, they are going to make a mistake, right in front of everyone. After having taught fifth-grade classes for four years, I decided to try at all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books, a
3、nd to get them to read oftener and more adventurously. One day soon after school had started, I said to them, “Now Im going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before. I would like you to read a lot of books this year, but I want you to read them only for
4、pleasure. I am not going to ask you questions to find out whether you understand the books or not. If you understand enough of a book to enjoy it and want to go on reading it, thats enough for me. Also Im not going to ask you what words mean. ”The children sat stunned and silent. Was this a teacher
5、talking? One girl, who had just come to us from a school where she had had a very hard time, looked at me steadily for a long time after I had finished. Then, still looking at me, she said slowly and seriously, “Mr Holt, do you really mean that? ”I said just as seriously, “I mean every word of it. ”
6、During the spring she really astonished me. One day, she was reading at her desk. From a glimpse of the illustrations I thought I knew what the book was. I said to myself, “It cant be, ”and went to take a closer look. Sure enough, she was reading Moby Dick, in the edition with woodcuts. I said, “Don
7、t you find parts of it rather heavy going? ”She answered, “Oh, sure, but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part. ”This is exactly what reading should be and in school so seldom isan exciting, joyous adventure. Find something, dive into it, take the good parts, skip the bad part
8、s, get what you can out of it, go on to something else. How different is our mean-spirited, picky insistence that every child get every last little scrap of “understanding” that can be dug out of a book. 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了作者让学生自主读书的体验, 不规定他们必须大声朗读, 让他们选择自己喜欢阅读的内容, 不提问, 不检查。这样很受学生欢迎。41. According to the p
9、assage, childrens fear and dislike of books may result from_. A. reading little and thinking littleB. reading often and adventurouslyC. being made to read too muchD. being made to read aloud before others【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知在孩子小的时候我们就经常让他们在老师和其他学生面前大声读书, 再加上第一段第一句可知, 孩子害怕读书是因为经常让他们在别人面前大声读。42. The
10、 teacher told his students to read_. A. for enjoymentB. for knowledgeC. for a larger vocabularyD. for higher scores in exams【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段的I would like you to read a lot of books this year, but I want you to read them only for pleasure. 可知A正确。43. Upon hearing the teachers talk, the children prob
11、ably felt that_. A. it sounded stupidB. it was not surprising at allC. it sounded too good to be trueD. it was no different from other teachers talk【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段中学生惊讶的反应可知学生觉得老师说的事情太好了, 以至于不相信是真的。44. Which of the following statements about the girl is TRUE according to the passage? A. She skipp
12、ed over those easy parts while reading. B. She had a hard time finishing the required reading tasks. C. She learned to appreciate some parts of the difficult books. D. She turned out to be a top student after coming to this school. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段倒数第一、二句可知C项正确。45. From the teachers point of vie
13、w, _. A. children cannot tell good parts from bad parts while readingB. children should be left to decide what to read and how to readC. reading is never a pleasant and inspiring experience in schoolD. reading involves understanding every little piece of information【解析】选B。观点态度题。根据文章内容可知作者主张让学生自主读书,
14、不提问, 不检查, 可知B正确。B(2015浙江高考B说明文)Graphs can be a very useful tool for conveying information, especially numbers, percentages, and other data. A graph gives the reader a picture to interpret. That can be a lot more efficient than pages and pages explaining the data. Graphs can seem frightening, but rea
15、ding a graph is a lot like reading a story. The graph has a title, a main idea, and supporting details. You can use your active reading skills to analyze and understand graphs just like any other text. Most graphs have a few basic parts: a caption or introduction paragraph, a title, a legend or key,
16、 and labeled axes. An active reader looks at each part of the graph before trying to interpret the data. Captions will usually tell you where the data came from(for example, a scientific study of 400 African elephants from 1980 to 2005). Captions usually summarize the authors main point as well. The
17、 title is very important. It tells you the main idea of the graph by stating what kind of information is being shown. A legend, also called a key, is a guide to the symbols and colors used in the graph. Many graphs, including bar graphs and line graphs, have two axes that form a corner. Usually thes
18、e axes are the left side and the bottom of the graph. Each axis will always have a label. The label tells you what each axis measures. Bar GraphsA bar graph has two axes and uses bars to show amounts. In Graph 1, we see that the x-axis shows grades that students earned, and the y-axis shows how many
19、 students earned each grade. You can see that 6 students earned an A because the bar for A stretches up to 6 on the vertical measurement. There is a lot of information we can get from a simple graph like this(See Graph 1). Line GraphsA line graph looks similar to a bar graph, but instead of bars, it
20、 plots points and connects them with a line. It has the same parts as a bar graphtwo labeled axesand can be read the same way. To read a line graph, its important to focus on the points of intersection rather than the line segments between the points. This type of graph is most commonly used to show
21、 how something changes over time. Here is a graph that charts how far a bird flies during the first five days of its spring migration(See Graph 2). The unit of measurement for the x-axis is days. The unit of measurement for the y-axis is kilometers. Thus we can see that, on the first day, the pipit
22、flew 20 kilometers. The line segment goes up between Day 1 and Day 2, which means that the bird flew farther on Day 2. If the line segment angled down, as between Day 4 and Day 5, it would mean that the bird flew fewer kilometers than the day before. This line graph is a quick, visual way to tell th
23、e reader about the birds migration. Pie GraphsA typical pie graph looks like a circular pie. The circle is divided into sections, and each section represents a fraction of the data. The graph is commonly used to show percentages; the whole pie represents 100 percent, so each piece is a fraction of t
24、he whole. A pie graph might include a legend, or it might use icons or labels within each slice. This pie graph shows one months expenses(See Graph 3). Food $ 25Movies $ 12Clothing $ 36Savings $ 20Books $ 7【文章大意】本文介绍了图表的结构和用途, 并举例加以说明。46. When used in a graph, a legend is_. A. a guide to the symbols
25、 and colorsB. an introduction paragraphC. the main ideaD. the data【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段的A legend, also called a key, is a guide to the symbols and colors used in the graph. 可知A项正确。47. What is the total number of students who earned a C or better? A. 4. B. 6. C. 10. D. 20. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据图表1可知得A的学生有6人,
26、得B的学生有10人; 得C的学生有4人, 所以得C或C以上的学生共有20人。48. The bird covered the longest distance on_. A. Day 1B. Day 2C. Day 3D. Day 4【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据图表2可以看出这只鸟在第三天飞行的距离最长, 所以C正确。49. Which of the following cost Amy most? A. Food. B. Books. C. Movies. D. Clothing. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据图表3可知Amy花在衣服上的钱是最多的。C(2015浙江高考C议论文)If h
27、umans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars, we would go in darkness happily, the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal(夜间活动的)species on this planet. Instead, we are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted to living in the suns light. This is a basi
28、c evolutionary fact, even though most of us dont think of ourselves as diurnal beings. Yet its the only way to explain what weve done to the night: Weve engineered it to receive us by filling it with light. The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequencescalled light pollutionwhose ef
29、fects scientists are only now beginning to study. Light pollution is largely the result of bad lighting design, which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky. -designed lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light levelsand light rhythmsto which
30、 many forms of life, including ourselves, have adapted. Wherever human light spills into the natural world, some aspect of life is affected. In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars, leaving behind a vacant haze(霾)that mirrors our fear of the dark. Weve grown so used to th
31、is orange haze that the original glory of an unlit nightdark enough for the planet Venus to throw shadows on Earthis wholly beyond our experience, beyond memory almost. Weve lit up the night as if it were an unoccupied country, when nothing could be further from the truth. Among mammals alone, the n
32、umber of nocturnal species is astonishing. Light is a powerful biological force, and on many species it acts as a magnet(磁铁). The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being “captured” by searchlights on land or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms. Mi
33、grating at night, birds tend to collide with brightly lit tall buildings. Frogs living near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times brighter than normal, throwing nearly every aspect of their behavior out of joint, including their nighttime breeding ch
34、oruses. Humans are no less trapped by light pollution than the frogs. Like most other creatures, we do need darkness. Darkness is as essential to our biological welfare, to our internal clockwork, as light itself. Living in a glare of our own making, we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary a
35、nd cultural heritagethe light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night. In a very real sense, light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe, to forget the scale of our being, which is best measured against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Waythe edge of
36、our galaxyarching overhead. 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了光污染带来的影响。50. According to the passage, human beings_. A. prefer to live in the darknessB. are used to living in the day lightC. were curious about the midnight worldD. had to stay at home with the light of the moon【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段的Instead, we are diurnal cr
37、eatures, with eyes adapted to living in the suns light. 可知人类习惯在阳光下生活。51. What does“it”(Paragraph 1)most probably refer to? A. The night. B. The moon. C. The sky. D. The planet. 【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据Yet its the only way to explain what weve done to the night: Weve engineered it to receive us by filling it
38、with light. 中的night可知it一词指的是“夜晚”。52. The writer mentions birds and frogs to_. A. provide examples of animal protectionB. show how light pollution affects animalsC. compare the living habits of both speciesD. explain why the number of certain species has declined【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段中的The effect is so p
39、owerful that可知作者下面提到鸟类和青蛙是为了说明光对动物的影响。53. It is implied in the last paragraph that_. A. light pollution dose harm to the eyesight of animalsB. light pollution has destroyed some of the world heritagesC. human beings cannot go to the outer spaceD. human beings should reflect on their position in the
40、universe【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe可推断“人类应该明确他们在宇宙中的位置”。54. What might be the best title for the passage? A. The Magic Light. B. The Orange Haze. C. The Disappearing Night. D. The Rhythms of Nature. 【解析】选C。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了光污染带来的危害。由于人类习
41、惯了生活在有光线的地方, 所以即使到了夜间, 到处都充斥着灯光, 我们似乎见不到真正的夜晚了。由此可知C项可以概括文章的主旨。D(2014浙江高考B应用文)Here is some must-know information from a handbook on how people behave in doing business in some countries. In BrazilBrazilians are warm and friendly. They often stand close when talking and it is common for them to touch
42、 the person on the shoulder. People often greet each other(particularly women)with light cheek kisses. Schedules tend to be flexible, with business meetings sometimes starting later than planned. But to be safe, be on time. Meals can stretch for hourstheres no such thing as rushing a meal in Brazil.
43、 Lunches also can start in the mid to late afternoon. Brazilians are social, preferring face-to-face communication over emails or phone calls. In SingaporeSingaporeans shake hands when they meet and often also greet each other with a small, polite bow. Business cards should be offered and received w
44、ith two hands. Arriving late is considered disrespectful. So be on time. Efficiency(效率)is the goal, so meetings and dealings often are fast-paced. Singaporeans are direct in their discussions, even when the subject is about money. Rank is important and authority is respected. This determines both pe
45、ople interact in meetings. For example, people avoid disagreeing outright with someone of a higher rank. In the United Arab EmiratesIn the UAE, status is important, so the most senior or oldest should be greeted first with their titles. The handshake seems to be longer than elsewhere. So, do not pul
46、l away from the handshake. Women should cover themselves when it comes to dress. Men also tend to be covered from neck to elbows(肘部)and down to the knees. People do not avoid entertaining in their homes, but they also hold business meals at restaurants. Touching or passing food or eating with your l
47、eft hand is to be avoided. When meetings are one-to-one, if your host offers you coffee, you should refuse. It might seem odd, but it is a cultural tradition. Coffee should only be accepted if it is already set out or presented. In SwitzerlandThe Swiss tend to be formal and address each other by las
48、t name. They also are respectful of private lives. You should be careful not to ask about personal topics. Punctuality(守时)is vital, something that comes from a deep respect for others time. Arrive at any meeting or event a few minutes early to be safe. They also have clear structure in their compani
49、es. Higher-ups make the final decisions, even if others might disagree. Neat, clean dress is expected. The Swiss follow formal table manners. They also keep their hands visible at the table and their elbows off the table. It is polite to finish the food on your plate. 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了一些国家商务交流中行为方式的风俗。4
50、6. The passage is mainly about_. A. communication typesB. the workplace atmosphereC. customs and social mannersD. living conditions and standards【解析】选C。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了在巴西、新加坡、阿拉伯联合酋长国和瑞士商务交流过程中的行为方式、准则等风俗, 故C项正确。47. Why do Singaporeans avoid arguing with their boss? A. They put efficiency in the first
51、 place. B. They dislike face-to-face communication. C. They want to finish meetings as quickly as possible. D. They are supposed to obey the person of a higher rank. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章中In Singapore部分的Rank is important and authority is respected. 和. . . people avoid disagreeing outright with someone o
52、f a higher rank. 可知, 新加坡人避免和老板争吵的主要原因是“服从更高等级的人”。48. In the UAE, when should you refuse the coffee if it is offered? A. When greeting seniors. B. When meeting the host alone. C. When attending a presentation. D. When dining with business partners. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据In the United Arab Emirates部分的When me
53、etings are one-to-one, if your host offers you coffee, you should refuse. 可知, 当单独会见主人的时候, 应该拒绝提供的咖啡。故B项正确。49. In which country do people care about where to put their hands at the dinner table? A. In Brazil. B. In Singapore. C. In the United Arab Emirates. D. In Switzerland. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文中They also keep their hands visible at the table and their elbows off the table. 可知, 在瑞士, 人们在餐桌旁时要把手肘放在桌下而手放在桌上可见才行。故D项正确。关闭Word文档返回原板块
