1、Unit 3 Online Tours第四课时 GrammarSimple past tense andpresent perfect tense一般过去时构成用法常用时间状语动词的过去式1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。yesterdaylast nightin 1990two days ago 现在完成时：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态。结构：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词一般疑问句：have/has?Yes,I have.No,I havent.Yes,she has
2、.No,she hasnt.现在完成时动词构成have/has+v 过去分词助动词否定haventhasnt疑问Have you?Has he?常与下列时间状语连用：just,already,yet,ever,never,before,several timesHe has read that book.(说明他现在知道那本书的内容。)He read that book last year.(只说明他去年读过那本书。)He has gone to America.(他现在不在此地，到美国去了。)He went to America.(只说明他去过美国。)现在完成时：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一
3、动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态，强调的是现在的情况，不能和表示过去的时间状语连用（如：in 1990，last Sunday 等）。一般过去时：一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生关系（即动作或状态在现在已经结束），它可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：have/has+V过去分词I have waited for him for many times.我等他等了好几次了。I have been waiting for him for an hour.我等他等了一小时。He has drunk six cups of
4、coffee.他喝了六杯咖啡。He has been drinking coffee.他一直在喝咖啡。现在完成时把过去的动作和现在的结果联系起来，一般过去时只限于表示过去的动作本身,与现在的结果无关。现在完成时与一般过去时在意义上的区别举例如下：I have cleaned my room.(My room is clean now.)我已经打扫过我的房间了。I cleaned my room last week.(I did it in the past.)我上周打扫了我的房间。Father has gone to Amoy.(He went to Amoy and he is not he
5、re now.)爸爸已经去厦门了。They have bought a dictionary.(They bought a dictionary and they have it now.)他们买了一本字典。注意:现在完成时不能和明确指出时间的状语(如:yesterday,last,year,in 1976,two days ago,just now,when she came in 等)连用，但可以和不明确指出时间的状语(如:already,yet,ever,never,sometimes,always,often,before,once,twice,recently,lately等)连用；
6、也可以和表示包括现在在内的时间状语(如：today,this morning,this week,this year等)连用。There are some differences between the simple past tense and the present perfect tense.We use the simple past tense to tell what happened in the past.Daniel went to Beijing two years ago.Simple past tense and present perfect tenseWe use
7、the present perfect tense to talk about an action that started in the past and continues to the present.Daniel has lived in Beijing for two years.We use the simple past tense to tell what happened in the past.Daniel bought a new computer last month.We use the present perfect tense to talk about the
8、result of an action.When the action happened is not very important.It may havejust happened or happened some time ago.Daniel has bought a new computer.(Daniel has a new computer now.)Mr Wu visited Canada in 2010 and 2011.We use the simple past tense to tell what happened in the past.We use the prese
9、nt perfect tense to tell how many times an action h happened till now.Mr Wu has been to Canada twice.We often use these time expressions with the present perfect tense.already ever just recently (not)yetSo far up to now until/till nowTip2We often use these time expressions with the simple past tense
10、.yesterday the other day last ago Tip1A Simon is showing Millie some pictures.Complete his sentences with the correctforms of the words in brackets.Differences between the two1.I _(visit)the Palace Museum with my grandparents the other day.visited2.I _(climb)Mount Huang last Summer.climbed3._ you ev
11、er _(try)the famous Tianjin Baozi?Havetried4.I am happy that I _(learn)to swim.have learntB Mr Wu is asking the students to make sentences with the correct tenses.Help them complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in brackets.1.I _(finish/just)my homework.Millie _(finish)her homewo
12、rk 20 minutes ago.have just finishedfinished4.I _(live)in Sunshine Town since I was born.Daniel _(live)in Nanjing in 2007.2.I _(write)an email to my friend yesterday.Daniel _(write/already)two emails.3.I _(be)in Hainan last month.Some of our classmates _ (not be)to Hainan yet.wrotehas already writte
13、nwashas not beenhave livedlivedMillie:_(you/be/ever)to Nanjing?Simon:Yes.I(2)_(be)there three times.Millie:When(3)_(you/go)there last?C Millie has never been to Nanjing.She is asking Simon about the city.Complete their conversation with the correct forms of the words in brackets.Have you ever beenha
14、ve beendid you goSimon:Last summer.I(4)_ (spend)a week there.Millie:(5)_(you/like)it?Simon:Oh yes.I(6)_(have)a great time there.I(7)_(visit)many places of interest and(8)_(eat)lots of local food.Millie:Lucky you!I(9)_ _(be/never)there.spentDid you likehadvisitedatehavenever beenSaturday,15 MarchHave
15、 you ever dreamt of travelling around the world without a passport?Yes,you can realize your dream by taking an online tour.Yesterday Daniel _ me an onlineD Millie is writing about the USA in her diary.Complete her diary entry with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.be buy read returnsee shows
16、howedtour of the USA.I(2)_never_ so many wonderful pictures before.Last week,I _ a book about the places of interest in the USA.I(4)_ 20 pages already.Its really interesting.My dad(5)_ just_ from the USA,but I(6)_ never _ there.I hope I can visit the USA some day.have seenboughthave readhas returned
17、have beenI.改写句子。1.My father came back from the bookshop just now.My father _ just _ _ the book shop.2.He began to learn Chinese in 2001.He _ _ Chinese since 2001.3.The film began two minutes ago.The film _ _ _ since two minutes ago.4.He has had the motorbike for two years.Its two years _he _ the mot
18、orbike.He _ the motorbike two years _.Two years _ _ since he _ the motor bike.hasreturned fromhaslearnedhas been onsinceboughtboughtagohas passedbought1.We _(plant)trees last Sunday.So far we _(plant)over 300 trees there.2.A terrible earthquake _ (happen)in Wenchuan on May 12,2008.3.He _(work)here s
19、ince last year.II.用所给动词的适当形式填空。plantedhave plantedhappenedhas worked4._ you _(is)to the United States?Not yet.But I _(go)to Canada a few years ago.5.Last year I _(go)to the theatre every week.6.In 1995,there _(be)a very big race.7.Last Sunday I _(get)up very late.8.He _(teach)in our school for 30 ye
20、ars.Have beenwentwentwasgothas taughtIII.翻译下列句子。1.上周六你去世界之窗了吗？_ _ Last Saturday?2.在最近的5年当中，这个城市发生了巨大变化。_ _ in the last five years.3.我弟弟从未出过国。My brother _ abroad before.Did you go to the Window of the WorldGreat changes have happened in this cityhas never been4.我在这学校已学习两年多了。I _ at this school _ _.5.你
21、已找到你的钢笔了吗？_ your pen yet?6.他去那儿已有6个月了。He _ for six months.7.他6个月前去过那儿。He _ 6 months ago.for over two yearshave studiedHave you foundhas been therewent there8.她成为一名护士已经三年了。9.我五年前就认识李雷了。10.那些相片我已经寄给他了。（post）11.我来到这个学校后，他就一直教我。12.我刚丢了我的历史书。She has been a nurse for three years.I have known Lilei since f
22、ive years ago.I have already posted the photos to him.He has taught me since I came to the school.I have just lost my history book.1.I _heard of that story before.1.I _heard of that story before.A.dont have B.not have C.have not D.not to haveA.dont have B.not have C.have not D.not to have2.She s nev
23、er been to that factory,_?2.She s never been to that factory,_?A.is she B.was she C.does she D.has sheA.is she B.was she C.does she D.has she3.Have you made dumplings_?No,I havent.3.Have you made dumplings_?No,I havent.A.just now B.yesterday C.ago D.beforeA.just now B.yesterday C.ago D.before4.Tom_
24、ill since last night.4.Tom_ ill since last night.A.was B.is C.has been D.be A.was B.is C.has been D.be5.How long have you_ _ Nanjing?5.How long have you_ _ Nanjing?A.gone to B.been to C.been in D.went to A.gone to B.been to C.been in D.went to CDDCC 单选。6.How many times has Jim _that park?Twice.6.How
25、 many times has Jim _that park?Twice.A.gone to B.been to C.been in D.went to A.gone to B.been to C.been in D.went to7.Ive_ this dictionary for half a year.7.Ive_ this dictionary for half a year.A.bought B.had C.lended D.borrowed A.bought B.had C.lended D.borrowed8.She wont go to the cinema this even
26、ing because she8.She wont go to the cinema this evening because she _the film before._the film before.A.has seen B.saw C.sees D.is seeing A.has seen B.saw C.sees D.is seeingBBAHomework Try your best to learn more about the usageof has/have done.Then make conversationswith the books name in this unit.ByeBye!
