1、湖北省荆州中学2019-2020学年高二英语上学期第一次月考试题（含解析）第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What meal is the man eating?A. Breakfast. B. Lunch. C. Dinner.2. Why does the woman need to go to the dentist?A. To have a toot
2、h pulled. B. To check her sore tooth. C. To get her teeth cleaned.3. What does the woman think of the weather today?A. Its too hot. B. Its pretty cool. C. Its sunny and nice.4. Where does the woman work?A. In a restaurant. B. In a shoe store. C. In a supermarket.5. Whats the relationship between the
3、 speakers?A. Classmates. B. Dentist and patient. C. Teacher and student.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6. Who told the man about the restaurant?A. His friends. B. His fam
4、ily. C. A chef.7. What did the man eat tonight?A. Pasta. B. Chicken. C. Steak.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8. What is the woman?A. A teacher. B. A tailor. C. A shop clerk.9. What color might the man prefer?A. Green. B. Gray. C. Blue.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10. Where are the speakers?A. At a library. B. In a cl
5、assroom. C. At a bookstore.11. What is the man looking for?A. A specific book. B. A few books on a topic. C. An entire book collection.12. What will the man do next?A. Write a report. B. Take a history class. C.Search on a computer.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13. How old is the mans first child?A. Two yea
6、rs old. B. Three years old. C. Six years old.14. What does the mans wife do?A. She is a nurse. B. She is a teacher. C. She is a lawyer.15. When did the woman start looking after children?A. When she was in university.B. When she was in high school.C. When she was in middle school.16. How often does
7、the man need help with the children?A. Every evening. B. A few days per week. C. During the day on weekends.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17. Who is the speaker talking to?A. Students to finish high school.B. Students starting high school.C. Students finishing college.18. Why did the speaker get bad grades
8、in college at first?A. She was not intelligent.B. She was not organized.C. She was not hard-working.19. How many classes is the speaker taking now?A Four. B. Five. C. Six.20. What is the general topic of the talk?A. The need for study skills.B. The importance of university.C. The difficulties in hig
9、h school.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分35分)第一节 （共十小题，每小题2.5分，满分25分）AThere is no better way to enjoy Scottish traditions than going fishing and tasting a little whisky(威士忌) at a quiet place like the Inverlochy Castle. When Queen Victoria visited there in 1873 she wrote in her diary, “I never saw a lovelier spot,”
10、And she didnt even go fishing.Scotland is not easily defined. In certain moments, this quiet land of lakes and grass mountains changes before your very eyes. When evening gently sweeps the hillside into orange, the rivers, teeming with fish, can turn into streams of gold. As you settle down with jus
11、t a person and a basket on the bank of River Orchy, near the Inverlochy Castle, any frustration will float away as gently as the circling water. Its just you and purple, pink, white flowers, a perfect harmony. If you are a new comer to fishing, learning the basics from a fishing guide may leave you
12、with a lifetimes fun. For many, fishing is more than a sport; it is an art.Scotland offers interesting place where you can rest after a long days fishing. Set against a wild mountain and hidden behind woodland, the beautiful Inverlochy Castle Hotel below the Nevis is a perfect place to see the beaut
13、y of Scotlands mountains. Ben Nevis is the highest of mountains, and reaching its 1342-metre top is a challenge. But its not just what goes up that matters; what comes down is unique. More than 900 metres high, on the mountains north face, lies an all-important source of pure water. Its name comes f
14、orm the Gaelic language usqueb or water of life; and it is the single most important ingredient(原料) in Scotlands best known whisky.1. The story of Queen Victoria is to show that .A. the queen is rich in tour experienceB. the Castle is a good place to go in ScotlandC. tasting whisky is better than go
15、ing fishingD. 1873 is a special year for the queen2. What is Ben Nevis special for?A. The Inverlochy Castle Hotel.B. The beauty of its surroundings.C. The water from the mountain.D. The challenge up to its top.3. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To introduce Scottish traditions to tourists
16、.B. To show the attractions of Scotland to readers.C. To explore geographical characteristics of Scotland.D. To describe the pleasures of life in Scotland.【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了苏格兰的美丽景色，比如颇具特色的弗罗奇城堡。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的When Queen Victoria visited there in 1873 she wrote in her diary, “I
17、never saw a lovelier spot,” 当维多利亚女王在1873年参观因弗罗奇城堡时，她在日记中写道，“我从未见过比这里更可爱的地方”，由此可知，维多利亚女王的故事告诉我们苏格兰弗罗奇城堡是一个好地方，故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的More than 900 metres high, on the mountains north face, lies an all-important source of pure water. 900多米高，在山的北面，有一个非常重要的纯净水源。由此可知，Ben Nevis特别之处是它山上的水，故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。通读
18、全文以及根据第一段的There is no better way to enjoy Scottish traditions than going fishing and tasting a little whisky(威士忌) at a quiet place like the Inverlochy Castle. 要享受苏格兰的传统，最好的方式就是去钓鱼，在Inverlochy Castle这样安静的地方喝点威士忌。可知，本文主要内容是介绍苏格兰的美丽景色，其目的向读者展示苏格兰的魅力，故选B。BAt the age of 14, James Harrison had a major che
19、st operation and he required 13 units (3.4 gallons) of blood afterwards. The blood donations saved his life, and he decided that once he turned 18, he would begin donating blood as regularly as he could.More than 60 years and almost 1,200 donations later, Harrison, whose blood contains an antibody (
20、抗体) that has saved the lives of 2.4 million babies from miscarriages (流产), retired as a blood donor on May 11. Harrisons blood is valuable because he naturally produces Rh-negative blood, which contains Rh-positive antibodies. His blood has been used to create anti-D in Australia since 1967.“Every b
21、ottle of Anti-D ever made in Australia has James in it” Robyn Barlow, the Rh program director told the Sydney Morning Herald. “Its an amazing thing. He has saved millions of babies. I cry just thinking about it.” Since then, Harrison has donated between 500 and 800 milliliters of blood almost every
22、week. Hes made 1,162 donations from his right arm and 10 from his left.“Id keep going if they let me,” Harrison told the Herald. His doctors said it was time to stop the donations and they certainly dont take them lightly. They had already extended the age limit for blood donations for him, and they
23、re cutting him off now to protect his health. He made his final donation surrounded by some of the mothers and babies who his blood helped save.Harrisons retirement is a blow to the Rh treatment program in Australia. Only 160 donors support the program, and finding new donors has proven to be diffic
24、ult. But Harrisons retirement from giving blood doesnt mean hes completely out of the game. Scientists are collecting and cataloging his DNA to create a library of antibodies and white blood cells that could be the future of the anti-D program in Australia.4. What do we know about James Harrison?A.
25、He saved 2.4 million poor people.B. He is to retire as a blood donor.C. He is a very grateful blood donor.D. He donates blood nearly every day.5. What can we infer from the passage about Harrison?A. After his retirement, the Rh program will fail.B. New donors are easy to find in a short time.C. He c
26、ontinues to contribute to the Rh program.D. His DNA is kept in a library for future study.6. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. A Unique Man with a Rare Blood TypeB. The Blood Saving Millions of BabiesC. A Special Blood Type Donor to RetireD. The Man with the Golden Arm【答案】
27、4. C 5. C 6. D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述的是Harrison因有人献血挽救了自己的生命，在18岁以后的60年里，他献血近1200次。哈里森自然产生RH阴性血，其中含有RH阳性抗体。拯救了数百万婴儿。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段可知，James Harrison在14岁时做了一次胸部大手术，手术需要血液，有人献血挽救了他的生命，他决定一旦年满18岁，就开始尽可能定期献血，由此可以推知James Harrison是个非常感恩的献血者。故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的But Harrisons retirement from giving blood
28、 doesnt mean hes completely out of the game.（但是哈里森不再献血并不意味着他完全退出了这场“比赛”）可知， Harrison会继续为RH项目做出贡献，故选C。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章主要内容和第三段的Hes made 1,162 donations from his right arm and 10 from his left.可知，本文主要讲述的是Harrison因献血挽救了自己的生命，18岁以后的60年里，他献血近1200次，他的右臂捐献了1162次，左臂捐献了10次，挽救了数百万婴儿，故“那个拥有金色手臂的人”是本文的最佳标题，故选D。
29、CLearning is so complex that there are many different psychological theories to explain how people learn. A psychologist named Albert Bandura suggested a social learning theory which shows that observation, imitation (模仿), and modeling play a primary role in this process.In Albert Banduras opinion,
30、people can learn through observation. Observational learning doesnt even necessarily require watching another person join in an activity. We can also learn by reading, hearing, or watching the actions of characters in books and films. However, just observing someone elses actions isnt always enough
31、to lead to learning. Your own mental state also plays an important role in determining whether a behavior is learned or not. In addition, though in many cases, learning can be seen immediately when the new behavior is displayed, yet sometimes we can learn things even though that learning might not b
32、e immediately obvious, which means people can learn new information without showing new behaviors.Not all observed behaviors are effectively learned. Certain requirements need to be related to the observational learning process. For example, you need to be paying attention. Also your retention is an
33、 important part of observational learning as you need to pull up information later and act on it during the process. Once youve paid attention to the model and kept the information, its time to actually perform the behavior you observed. Further practice of the learned behavior leads to improvement.
34、 Finally, you have to be motivated to imitate the behavior that has been modeled.Social learning theory have many real-world applications. For example, researchers employ it to look into and understand ways that positive role models can be used to encourage desirable behaviors. Besides, its also app
35、lied in the field of education, and today, both teachers and parents recognize how important it is to model appropriate behaviors.7. What can we infer about observational learning from Paragraph 2?A. Its effects on a person tend to be very obvious.B. Its effectiveness is determined by the mental sta
36、te.C. Its most useful means should be careful watching.D. It doesnt necessarily lead to a change in behavior.8. What does the underlined word “retention” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?A. Curiosity.B. Creativity.C. Memory.D. Imagination.9. What should you do to make observational learning success
37、ful?A. Learn to be judgmental.B. Look for a motivator.C. Try to be imaginative.D. Focus on the process.10. According to the text, the social learning theory _.A. was doubted at firstB. remains to be testedC. is of practical useD. is based on experiments【答案】7. D 8. C 9. B 10. C【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了心理学
38、家阿尔伯特班杜拉的社会学习理论建议，表明了观察、模仿和建模在学习过程中发挥主要作用。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的However, just observing someone elses actions isnt always enough to lead to learning. Your own mental state also plays an important role in determining whether a behavior is learned or not. 然而，仅仅观察别人的行为并不总是足以导致学习。你自己的心理状态在决定一个行为是否习得方面也扮演着重要
39、的角色。由此可知观察性学习并不一定会导致行为上的改变，故选D。8题详解】词义猜测题。根据语境和第三段的Also your retention is an important part of observational learning as you need to pull up information later and act on it during the process. 你的记忆力也是观察性学习的重要组成部分，因为你需要在稍后提取信息并在此过程中采取行动，可知此处的retention意为“记忆力”，相当于memory，另外根据pull up information和常识可知，记忆过
40、程就是对输入信息的编码、存储和提取的过程，故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的Finally, you have to be motivated to imitate the behavior that has been modeled.你必须有动机去模仿已经建模的行为可知，促使观察学习成功你应该去寻找一个激励因素，故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的Social learning theory have many real-world applications. 社会学习理论在现实生活中有许多应用，可知社会学习理论是实用的，故选C。第二节 七选五（共5小题，每小题2分，满
41、分10分）Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life. Every waking moment, the eyes are working to see the world around us. Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight, but its easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes. _11_: Schedule yearly exams. Eye c
42、are should begin early in life. Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check. The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment, including eyeglasses. Protect against UV rays (紫外线). Long-term stay in the
43、 sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, its extremely important to wear sunglasses. _12_. Give your eyes a break. Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products. _13_. Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule: eve
44、ry 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away._14_. As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins (维生素) C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health. Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses (隐形眼镜). Many Americans use contact len
45、ses to improve their eyesight. While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses, many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk. _15_. Otherwise, you may have problems such as red eyes, pain in the eyes, or a more serious condition. A. Eat your greens.B. Here are fiv
46、e suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight.C. They can properly protect your eyes.D. Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.E. Parents usually dont care about their own eyesight.F. Always follow the doctors advice for appropriate wear.G. This frequent eye activity increases the risk for ey
47、e tiredness.【答案】11. B 12. C 13. G 14. D 15. F【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章指出如果不想近视，保持眼睛的良好状态的话，可以遵循5个建议。一、每年检查；二、阻止紫外线照射；三、让眼睛休息；四、多吃点维生素以保证眼睛良好的形状；五、练习安全地佩戴隐形眼镜及其妥善保存。【11题详解】在说明文文体中，第一段一般起到总领全文的作用，接着文章提出了五个保护视力的建议，故第一段中需要一句总起全文的句子，B选项为总结性句子。故B项正确。【12题详解】文中第三段提到可以戴墨镜阻挡紫外线。在段末处需一句总结性语句。C选项中的代词they指代的是前文中提到的sung
48、lasses，故C项正确。【13题详解】文中第四段提到2/3的美国人使用电脑的时间超过了7小时。而文中给出第3个建议是让眼睛休息一下，说明长时间使用电脑对眼睛是有损伤的。G选项中提到的“this frequent eye activity”指的是长时间使用电脑。故G项正确。【14题详解】根据第五段内容，维生素C、E都能保护人们的视力，提高眼睛的力量。可以看出该段的关键词为vitamins，故D项正确。【15题详解】文中最后一段提到“While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses, many are breaki
49、ng the rules and putting their eyesight at risk.”有一些人会遵守医嘱进行正确地佩戴隐形眼镜，但仍有一部分没有遵守医嘱的人，他们就可能面临视力上的危害。因此要时刻遵守医嘱，故F项正确。【点睛】分析本文的语篇结构，可以知道第一段是文章的主题句，然后接下来各段的语篇结构都是主题句（总）+支撑句（分）（分述主题的具体内容/说明原因/举例证明等）。如第1段最后一句则是对第1段的总结，并且引出余下内容。另外，七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。即：要关注空白前后的名词和动词，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等。其次是一些专有名
50、词，比如说数词、代词、时间、年代、地点/名称等。如第4题，在第五段中，反复出现了vitamins这一关键词汇，因此很快能从选项中对正确答案进行定位。第三部分：语言知识运用 （共三节，满分55分）第一节 完形填空（共20题，每题1.5分，满分30分）When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. That meant _16_ Miller King, who was the best _17_ at our school.Football season started in September
51、 and all summer long I worked out. I carried my football everywhere for _18_.Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. I went to see him after he came back from _19_. He looked very _20_, but he didnt cry.That season, I _21_ all of Millers records while he _22_ the ho
52、me games from the bench. We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player,_23_ I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Millers _24_.One afternoon, I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller _25_ going over a fencewhich wasnt _26_ to climb if you had both arms. Im sure I was the
53、 last person in the world he wanted to accept _27_ from. But even that challenge he accepted. I _28_ him move slowly over the fence. When we were finally _29_ on the other side, he said to me, “You know, I didnt tell you this during the season, but you did _30_ .Thank you for filling in for _31_.”Hi
54、s words freed me from my bad _32_. I thought to myself, how even without an arm he was more of a leader. Damaged but not defeated, he was _33_ ahead of me. I was right to have _34_ him. From that day on, I grew _35_ and a little more real.16. A. cheering forB. beating outC. relying onD. staying with
55、17. A. coachB. studentC. teacherD. player18. A. practiceB. showC. comfortD. pleasure19. A. schoolB. vacationC. hospitalD. training20. A. paleB. calmC. relaxedD. ashamed21. A. heldB. brokeC. setD. tried22. A. reportedB. judgedC. organizedD. watched23. A. andB. thenC. butD. thus24. A. decisionB. mista
56、keC. accidentD. sacrifice25. A. stuckB. hurtC. tiredD. lost26. A. steadyB. hardC. funD. fit27. A. praiseB. adviceC. assistanceD. apology28. A. letB. helpedC. hadD. noticed29. A. droppedB. readyC. trappedD. safe30. A. fineB. wrongC. quicklyD. normally31. A. usB. yourselfC. meD. them32. A. memoriesB.
57、ideasC. attitudesD. dreams33. A. stillB. alsoC. yetD. just34. A. challengedB. curedC. invitedD. admired35. A. healthierB. biggerC. clevererD. cooler【答案】16. B 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. A 21. B 22. D 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. B【解析】这是一篇故事。本文主要讲述了我和Miller之间的
58、故事。Miller虽然在车祸中失去了右臂，但他却没有被打败，他依然领先于我，我从中学到了许多。【16题详解】考查动词短语。根据When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team.That meant_1_Miller King,who was the best_2_at our school. 可知这里意思是那就意味着要打败Miller King，他是我们学校最好的球员。A. cheering for喝彩；B. beating out击败；C. relying on依赖；D. staying wit
59、h把坚持下去。所以选B。【17题详解】考查名词。根据When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. 可知这里意思是他是我们学校最好的球员。A. coach教练；B. student学生C. teacher教师；D. player运动员，所以选D。【18题详解】考查名词。句意：为了练习，我带着足球去每一个地方。A. practice练习；B. show展示；C. comfort安慰；D. pleasure高兴，所以选A。【19题详解】考查名词。根据Just before September,Mi
60、ller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. 可知Miller是从医院回来。A. school学校；B. vacation假期；C. hospital医院；D. training训练，所以选C。【20题详解】考查形容词。根据Just before September,Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. 可知Miller在车祸中失去了右臂，所以他的脸色一定很苍白。A. pale苍白的；B. calm平静的；C. relaxed放松的；D. ashamed惭愧的，所以选A。【21题
61、详解】考查动词。根据We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player可知这里意思是那个赛季，我打破了Miller创造的所有纪录。A. held保留；B. broke打破；C. set设置；D. tried尝试，所以选B。【22题详解】考查动词。Miller在车祸中失去了右臂，所以他只能坐在家里的凳子上观看比赛。A. reported报告；B. judged判断；C. organized组织；D. watched观看，所以选D。【23题详解】考查连词。根据We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable pla
62、yer,_8_I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Millers_9_.可知这里意思是虽然我成为了学校最优秀的球员，但是我经常做一个疯狂的梦，在梦境中，我应该对Miller的事故负责。A. and和；B. then然后；C. but但是；D. thus因此，表示转折所以选C。【24题详解】考查名词。句意：虽然我成为了学校最优秀的球员，但是我经常做一个疯狂的梦，在梦境中，我应该对Miller的事故负责。A. decision决定；B. mistake错误；C. accident事故；D. sacrifice牺牲，指上文提到的M
63、iller was struck by a car and lost his right arm.所以选C。【25题详解】考查动词。根据when he was going over a fencewhich wasnt_11_to climb if you had both arms. 可知这里意思是我看到Miller被卡住了。A. stuck被卡住；B. hurt受伤；C. tired疲倦的；D. lost失去的，所以选A。【26题详解】考查形容词。句意：如果你有两只胳膊，爬上栅栏并不困难。A. steady稳定的；B. hard困难的；C. fun有趣；D. fit健康的，所以选B。【27
64、题详解】考查名词。句意：我确定，在这个世界上，我是他最后一个愿意接受帮助的人。A. praise表扬；B. advice建议；C. assistance帮助；D. apology道歉，所以选C。【28题详解】考查动词。根据But even that challenge he accepted. 可知这里意思是我帮助他慢慢地穿过了栅栏。A. let允许；B. helped帮助；C. had有；D. noticed注意，所以选B。【29题详解】考查形容词。句意：当我们安全到达另一边时。A. dropped掉下的；B. ready准备好的；C. trapped陷入困境的；D. safe安全的，所以选
65、D。【30题详解】考查副词。句意：在这个赛季，我没有告诉你这些，但是你做得很好。A. fine很好地；B. wrong错误地；C. quickly迅速地；D. normally正常地，所以选A。31题详解】考查代词。句意：谢谢你代替了我。A. us我们；B. yourself你自己；C. me我；D. them他们，所以选C。【32题详解】考查名词。根据I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Millers_9_.可知这里意思是他的话使我从我的噩梦中解脱出来。A. memories记忆；B. ideas理念；C. attitud
66、es态度；D. dreams梦，所以选D。【33题详解】考查副词。根据Damaged but not defeated, 可知这里意思是虽然被伤害，却没有被打败，他依然领先于我。A. still依然；B. also也；C. yet已经；D. just仅仅，所以选A。【34题详解】考查动词。句意：我对他很羡慕，是对的。A. challenged挑战；B. cured暗示；C. invited邀请；D. admired羡慕，所以选D。【35题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：从那天开始，我长大了，并且多了一些现实。A. healthier更健康；B. bigger更大；C. cleverer更聪明；D
67、. cooler更冷，所以选B。第二节 语法填空（共10题，每题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Up to 82 percent of children with healthy mothers are not easy to be obese（肥胖的）, according to research. A mother, _36_ has a healthy weight, exercises regularly, eats a healthy diet, doesnt smoke and only _37_(drink) wine in m
68、oderation, is significantly less likely _38_(have)a fat child, scientists say.And research suggests it could be more to do with nurture(养育)_39_ nature, as a mothers lifestyle appears _40_(direct) linked to the health of her child. When both mother and child follow a healthy lifestyle, the risk of ob
69、esity _41_(reduce)even more, the study of more than 24,000 children found.The study examined the medical history and lifestyles of more than 24,000 children aged nine _42_ fourteen, born to almost 17,000 women in the US. Researchers looked at the link between overall mother health and likelihood of
70、a child _43_(be) obese.The mothers health was judged on her height-to-weight ratio(比例), her diet, amount of physical _44_(active), smoking status and how much alcohol she drank. A healthy weight and diet, regular exercise, no smoking and moderate drinking all reduce the chance of a woman having _45_
71、 obese child.【答案】36. who 37. drinks 38. to have 39. than 40. directly 41. is reduced 42. to 43. being 44. activity 45. an【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现健康的体重和饮食，定期锻炼，不吸烟以及适度饮酒都能降低女性生肥胖孩子的几率。【36题详解】考查定语从句。句意：专家称，一个体重正常、经常锻炼、饮食健康、不吸烟、适量饮酒的母亲生出肥胖孩子的可能性要小得多。此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词为mother，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故填who。【37题详解】考查主谓一致和
72、时态。句意参考上题解析。此处与has，exercises和eats等作并列谓语，时态为一般现在时，应该用第三人称单数形式，故填drinks。【38题详解】考查不定式。句意参考第1题解析。be likely to do表示“可能做某事”，故填to have。【39题详解】考查介词。句意：研究表明，这可能更多地与后天因素有关，而不是先天因素，因为母亲的生活方式似乎与孩子的健康直接相关。根据前面的“more”判断此处用than表示比较，故填than。【40题详解】考查副词。句意参考上题解析。修饰linked用副词，故填directly。【41题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：这项对24,000名儿童进行
73、的研究发现，当母亲和孩子都遵循健康的生活方式时，肥胖的风险甚至会降低更多。描述的是客观事实，he risk of obesity与reduce之间是被动关系，应该用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is reduced。【42题详解】考查介词。这项研究调查了美国近17,000名妇女所生的24,000多名9到14岁的儿童的病史和生活方式。fromto表示“从到”，故填to。【43题详解】考查分词作定语。句意：研究人员研究了母亲的整体健康状况与孩子肥胖的可能性之间的关系。child是逻辑主语，空格处作介词of的宾语用动名词，故填being。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：母亲的健康状况由身高体重比、饮食、运
74、动量、吸烟情况和饮酒量等因素决定。此处的运动表示抽象意义，不可数，故填activity。【45题详解】考查冠词。句意：健康的体重和饮食，定期锻炼，不吸烟以及适度饮酒都能降低女性生一个肥胖孩子的几率。此处泛指一个肥胖的孩子，obese以元音音素开头，故填an。第三节 单词选择（共10题，每题1分，共10分）46.The Hotel of Fragrant Hill in Beijing was _ by Ieoh Ming Pei, a famous Chinese-born American architect.A. struckB. constructedC. discoveredD. in
75、vented【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：北京香山酒店是由著名的华裔美国建筑师贝聿铭建造的。A.struck打；B.constructed建造；C.discovered发现；D.invented发名。根据The Hotel of Fragrant Hill和architect可知是建筑师建造的，此处是被动语态。故选B。47. The shopping mall is making every effort to _ new customers in order to sell more foods.A. transferB. attractC. stickD. attack【答
76、案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：购物中心正全力以赴吸引新顾客为的是卖更多的食物。transfer 转移；attract吸引；stick 粘贴；attack攻击。根据句意和各选项分词，B项符合语境要求。故选B。48.Nowadays, the graduate who has a good _ of English is more likely to succeed in job hunting.A. requestB. viewC. designD. command【答案】D【解析】【分析】 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：当今，英语好的毕业生更有可能在寻找工作的过程中获胜。comman
77、d掌握，控制；request请求；view见解；design设计。have a good command of“精通；掌握”是固定短语。故选D。49.-Why are you late for school ?-Because our car _ halfway to the destination.A. broke downB. broke inC. broke outD. broke up【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你为什么上学迟到？因为我们的车半道出故障了。A. broke down出故障；B. broke in打断，插入；C. broke out爆发；D. bro
78、ke up分手，结束。此处指车出故障，故选A.50.Check your package carefully to make sure you dont any things we will need in the trip.A. leave inB. leave outC. leave aboutD. leave for【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：请仔细检查你的包裹以确认你在旅行中没有遗漏我们需要的任何东西。A让留下；B省略，遗漏；C乱丢，乱放；D离开某地去某地。根据上文“仔细检查包裹”可推断，不要遗漏任何东西。故选B。51. The opening provinc
79、e which _ thirteen counties and three coastal cities will quicken its paces of economic development.A. consists ofB. makes up ofC. is includedD. is contained【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词或动词短语辨析。句意：由13个国家和3个港口城市组成的开放的大行政区将会加快经济发展的步伐。consist of由组成，短语consist of不能用于进行时态，也不能用于被动语态；make up of构成，组成；include包括；包含；contai
80、n包含，容纳。分析可知开放省份包含十三个县和三个沿海城市，所以从语态上来看，可排除表示被动关系的C和D；如果用make up of短语来表达的话，应该把句子改写成The opening province which is made up of thirteen counties and three coastal cities will quicken its paces of economic development，所以排除B。综上所述，故选A。52. The writer was so _ in her work that she didnt notice him enter the r
81、oom.A. abandonedB. focusedC. absorbedD. centered【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作家全神贯注地她的工作，以至于她没有注意到他进入她的房间。abandon“废弃；抛弃”；focused集中；absorbed吸引；centered集中。be absorbed in 专注于，全神贯注于，是固定短语。根据句意，故选C。53. I dont think this doctor will _ him of his heart disease.A. recoverB. cureC. treatD. help【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词辨
82、析。句意：我认为这个医生将会治愈他的心脏病。动词recover表示“康复”，常与介词from连用；cure表示“治愈”，常与介词of连用，表示“治好某种疾病”；treat则表示“治疗”，不与of连用；help则是“帮助”之意，常与介词with连用。故选B。54. The heart is believed to _blood into veins(血管) which are netted all over the body, thus keeping a person alive.A. giveB. donateC. circulateD. pump【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词辨
83、析。句子：心脏被认为血液泵入静脉像网状一样贯穿于整个身体，因此保持一个人的生命。give意思“给”， donate意思“捐赠”， circulate意思“循环”， pump意思“用泵样器官输送”，根据句意和各选项词义。所以选D。55. The invention of steam engine greatly sped up the industrial revolution, which _ a lot to the take-off of the world.A. ledB. contributedC. constructedD. exposed【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词搭
84、配辨析。句意：蒸汽机的发明大大加速了工业革命的进程，这对世界的腾飞有很大的贡献。A. led是不及物动词，lead to“导致”B. contributed及物和不及物都可以，contribute （sth.）to“对有贡献；有助于”，C. constructed建设 D. exposed暴露，根据句意，蒸汽机的发明有助于世界腾飞。故选B。第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）第一部分：书面表达（满分15分）56.假定你是某国际学校的学生李华，学校最近正在举行“最美学生”评选活动,请按下列要求 给组委会写一封信,推荐你身边的一位同学参选。内容主要包括:1.你认为“最美学生”应具有的品质;2.你推
85、荐这位同学的理由。注意: 1.词数 120字 左右 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。_【答案】Dear Sir or Madam,It is a great idea to hold “the most beautiful student” activity. In my opinion, the candidate should set a good example to others and have the following good qualities such as selflessness, bravery and honesty.My classmate Li Lei is
86、 such a person. Not only is Li Lei always ready to help others, but he is hard-working and intelligent as well. Therefore, I strongly recommend Li Lei as “the most beautiful student”.Yours faithfullyLi Hua【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文（推荐信）。学校举办“最美学生”的评选，给组委会写信推荐一名同学。【详解】第一步：首先审题，学校举办“最美学生”的评选，给组委会写信推荐一名同学。第二步：确认时
87、态，选用正确的人称和时态，本文可用一般现在时或一般将来时，第一和第三人称来写。然后写出单个句子，使用正确的连词，连句成段。第三步：文章可以分为两段，第一段开门点题，提出写信的目的，同时说出“最美学生”应该拥有的品质；第二段写出你要推举同学以及推举的理由。第四步：注意事项：写这篇文章时，要注意文中给出的细节都要包括，不要遗漏；这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可；写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题；尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句
88、型使文章显得更有档次。【点睛】本篇书面表达要点全面，结构紧凑，是一篇较好的范文。这篇短文使用了大量的高级词汇、复合句和高级语法。例如：高级词汇：set a good example, candidate, selflessness, recommendas, intelligent等。倒装句：Not only is Li Lei always ready to help others, but he is hard-working and intelligent as well.第二节：概要写作（满分25分）57.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。What is eco-fa
89、shion? Eco-fashion is about making clothes that considers the environment, the health of consumers and the working conditions of people in the fashion industry.A closer look at the fashion industry points out many problems that are common practices in the creation of our fashions from the field to t
90、he factory. Firstly, the production of textiles pollutes the environment heavily. Cotton-planting uses pesticides; sheep-farming and wool-cleaning bring about global warming. Secondly, every stage of clothing production consumes a great deal of energy and some also involve chemicals which obviously
91、do harm to the surroundings. In addition, there is a lot of waste produced in the process, especially in the form of polluted water. Thirdly, growing purchasing power and our shopping habits further worsen the bad effects. We are now buying clothes in increasing quantities and we are also quick to t
92、hrow away clothes that have been worn only a couple of times.Then, how to solve the problem? To a large degree, it is the fashion producers that really have the power and the responsibility to shape our future. There are a great many ways these producers can reduce their ecological footprint, from s
93、witching to green energy and reducing energy use, through selecting sustainable materials and choosing local suppliers, to recycling and minimizing waste. On the other hand, as consumers we can all play our part by selecting environmentally friendly clothing and reducing clothing buying.There is som
94、e concern that eco-friendly fashions are just a trend that we will eventually grow tired of but we can make sure that doesnt happen. Now many people are beginning to shop for organic food products because the benefits of eating food free of chemicals are immediate. They relate directly to our person
95、al health. In fact, choosing eco-fashion can also do good to our personal health, though it is mostly done by way of keeping the health of the planet._【答案】Eco-fashion concerns the environment consumers health and peoples working conditions when making clothes.(要点1) Various problems arise in traditio
96、nal fashion production, including environmental pollution and energy waste, worsened by growing purchasing power and shopping habits. (要点2) To solve the problem, producers should reduce, reuse and recycle, while consumers are supposed to choose environmentally friendly clothes and purchase less.(要点3
97、) Benefiting the health of both the earth and people, eco-fashion will surely be a lasting trend.(要点4)（72 words）【解析】【分析】这是一篇概要写作。短文阐述了生态时尚的定义。传统时装产品的问题，解决这些问题的措施。以及生态时尚的益处。【详解】第一步：阅读 1认真阅读给定的原文材料，如果一遍不能理解，就多读两遍；阅读次数越多，你对原文的理解就越深刻。 2划出那些能概括文章主题思想的单词、短语或短句子；决定原文中哪些部分重要，哪些部分次重要；对重要部分的主要观点进行概括。 3简要地记下主要
98、观点主题、标题、细节等你认为对概括概要写作重要的东西。第二步：写作步骤 1. 浏览课文，找出主题：短文阐述了生态时尚的定义。传统时装产品的问题，解决这些问题的措施。以及生态时尚的益处。2. 分析文章的结构，把它分成几个部分，找出每个部分的主要思想，用你自己的文字简短地写出来。本文主要分为四部分。第一部分：Eco-fashion concerns the environment, consumers health and peoples working conditions when making clothes。第二部分：Various problems arise in traditiona
99、l fashion production, including environmental pollution and energy waste, worsened by growing purchasing power and shopping habits。第三部分：To solve the problem, producers should reduce, reuse and recycle, while consumers are supposed to choose environmentally friendly clothes and purchase less。第四部分：Benefiting the health of both the earth and people, eco-fashion will surely be a lasting trend。第三步：修改成文 草稿拟好以后，对它进行修改。首先，与原文比较看是否把所有重要的观点都概括了，概要写作中的观点是否与原文中的完全一致。其次，如果出现了不必要的词汇、短语或长句子，删除它们，保持语言简单明了。最后，检查拼写、语法和标点符号的错误。
