1、第二讲做出推理和判断推理判断题推理判断题是历年高考英语阅读理解的命题集中点，包括推理和判断两个方面，属于深层理解题。近几年高考对推理判断题的考查量仅次于细节理解题，可见此类题目的重要程度。高考对推理判断题的考查形式包括以下几种：推断隐含意义、推断目的意图、推断文章出处或读者对象、推断观点态度。高考全国卷推理判断题题量统计考纲解读年份卷别201920182017(1)推理判断是指在理解原文字面意思的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，做出一定的推理和判断，从而得出文章的深层意义及隐含意义的过程。(2)主要考查考生理清上下文逻辑关系的能力以及考生的识别能力。(3)推理判断题所涉及的内容可
2、能是文中某一句话，也可能是某几句话，要求考生在遵循原文意思的基础上，对文章字面信息进行分析、挖掘、逻辑推理，揭示其深层含义。全国卷655全国卷136全国卷336【考查特点】.把握推理判断题常见的命题方式：(1)We can infer from the (first/last) passage that _(2)The passage/author implies/suggests that _(3)It can be concluded from the passage that _(4)The main purpose of the passage is _(5)Where does th
3、is passage probably come from?(6)Whats the authors attitude towards.?(7)The writer developed the passage/his main idea by _(8)The first/last paragraph serves as a(n) _.掌握推理判断题的考查角度：(1)高频考点：推断隐含意义、写作意图、观点态度。(2)低频考点：推断下段内容、文章出处、目标读者。推断隐含意义题逻辑分析得结论推断隐含意义题要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出合情合理的推理和判断，即考生不仅需要读懂原文， 而且
4、还要理解作者的弦外之音。其涉及的内容可能是文中某一句或某几句话，但做题的指导思想都要以文中提供的信息为依据。常见的设问方式：It can be inferred from the text that _It can be concluded from the passage that _The writer/author indicates/suggests/implies that _What can we infer about.?Which of the following statements does the passage support?What does the.paragra
5、ph imply?典例(2019全国卷B片段)Whaley got the idea of this secondgrade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak
6、 in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀) about themselves.26We can infer that the purpose of Whaleys project is to _Ahelp students see their own strengthsBassess students public speaking skillsCprepare students for their future jobsDinspire students love for politics第一步确定题干中的关键信息infer t
7、hat the purpose of Whaleys project第二步定位到原文信息句，并找出体现观点态度的关键句Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀) about themselves. 第三步进行合理推断得出答案Whaley创办这个项目的目的不仅仅是让学生学会阅读和在公共场合演讲，更重要的是让他们发现自己的长处，从而树立自信。自主解答：A第一步确定题干中的关键信息。第二步在
8、原文中确定推理依据的位置或范围，立足原文，再结合语境和生活常识进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。 写作意图题文体特点看意图通常情况下，作者在文中不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文中所列事物使读者感受到其所传递的想法。所以，这种题型要求考生具备对作者阐述的内容进行总结和分析的能力。常见的设问方式：What is the main purpose of the text?What is the authors purpose in writing the text?What is the purpose/intention of the author in writing this passage?For w
9、hat purpose did the author write the passage?The writer writes this passage in order to _典例(2018浙江卷6月A)In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a centurymost experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719but no
10、body wanted to do it professionally.The steampowered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy(识字) rate in England was under 50%.Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like “By a lady.” Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as sil
11、ly, immoral or just plain bad.In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose charactersfrom Oliver Twist to Tiny Timwere held up as moral t
12、ouchstones. Today Dickens greatness is unchallenged. Removing him from the pantheon(名人堂) of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.How did Dickens get to the top？For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the t
13、est of time is extremely difficult to pass. Some 60，000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to 1901; today a casual reader might be able to name a halfdozen of them. Its partly true that Dickens style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life. Its partly that his wr
14、itings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress. But its also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center. No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer. But as the 200th anniversary of his bir
15、th approaches, it is possibleand important for our own cultureto understand how he made himself a lasting one.23What is the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo remember a great writer.BTo introduce an English novel.CTo encourage studies on culture.DTo promote values of the Victorian age.第一步确定题干中
16、关键信息purpose第二步速读文章，试找出相关的关键句But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possibleand important for our own cultureto understand how he made himself a lasting one. 第三步与选项进行对比得出答案根据文中对查尔斯狄更斯及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的介绍，和文章最后一句可知，本文写于查尔斯狄更斯诞辰200周年前夕，由此可知作者写本文是为了纪念查尔斯狄更斯这位伟大的作家。自主解答：A写作意图通常有以下三种：1to
17、 entertain readers/to tell an experience常见于记叙文、个人经历或故事类的文章。2to persuade readers/to sell a product or a service/to attract readers or visitors常见于广告。3to inform readers/to report/to tell/to describe常见于科普类、新闻报道类、文化类或社会生活类的文章，以及劝告类或建议类的文章。 观点态度题依据措辞定态度高考英语阅读理解对观点态度类的设题越来越灵活，题目难度也有所增加，考查作者对文中人、事、物或内容的观点或态
18、度的题量较多。这对考生对文章的主旨大意和细节的理解提出了更高的要求，考生要利用多种阅读理解的技巧来仔细确定提干的关键信息，借此定位文中的原句并准确推断出答案。常见的设问方式：How does the author feel about.?What does the author think of.?What is the authors opinion on/about.?What is the authors attitude towards/to.?How does the author sound in.paragraph?How does the author sound when t
19、elling the story?The author thinks.is _The authors attitude towards.can be described as _.典例(2018北京卷D片段)Preparing Cities for Robot CarsThe possibility of selfdriving robot cars has often seemed like a futurists dream, years away from materializing in the real world. Well, the future is apparently no
20、w. The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly selfdriving cars.Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesnt extend the worst aspects of the carcontrolled transportation system we
21、have today. The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it.50What is the authors attitude to the future of selfdriving cars?
22、ADoubtful.Positive.CDisapproving. Sympathetic.第一步确定题干中的关键信息the authors attitude to the future of selfdriving cars第二步定位到原文信息句，并找出进行推断的关键句首段中的Well, the future is apparently now.和尾段中的The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it.第三步进行合理推断得出答案无人驾驶汽车的时代马上到来，准备好迎接它吧。由此推断作者对无人驾驶汽车的发展持积极乐观的态度
23、。自主解答：B1注意作者或文中人物的措辞：文章作者或文中人物对某事物所持的观点或态度往往隐含在文章的字里行间或流露于修饰词之中。(1)正确掌握字里行间所隐含或流露的意思，切不可用自己的观点来代替作者或文中人物的观点。(2)留意那些描写所处氛围的语言及表达情感、态度或观点的词语或句子。(3)结合平时所积累的有关英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯等的背景知识来进行合理的推断。2牢记常见有关作者情感态度的词语：(1)表示支持或肯定：positive积极乐观的；supportive支持的；optimistic乐观的；humorous幽默的；enthusiastic热情的；pleasant愉快的。(2)表示中
24、立：indifferent不感兴趣的，漠不关心的；uninterested不感兴趣的；objective客观的；neutral中立的；not mentioned未提及的。(3)表示反对或否定：disgusted憎恶的，厌恶的；critical批评的；negative否定的，消极的；suspicious/skeptical怀疑的；disappointed失望的；disapproving不赞成的。 文章出处或读者对象题语言特色推出处或读者对象文章来源题要求考生具备一定的常识，能够根据文章的体裁和题材来推断文章的出处和类别。读者对象推断题要求考生根据短文内容和文中的措辞推断文章的读者对象，即作者预定
25、的读者对象是什么人。常见的设问方式：From which is the text probably taken?In which of the following would this passage most likely be found?The passage is probably taken out of _Where would the passage most probably appear?The passage is probably intended for _The text is written mainly for _Who are the intended read
26、ers of the passage?典例(2019全国卷C片段)As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric(生物测量) technologieslike fingerprint scansto keep others out of private espaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.Researchers from Georgia Tech say th
27、at they have come up with a lowcost device(装置) that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the for
28、ce of a users typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine peoples identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer its connected toregardless of whether someone gets the password right.31Where is
29、 this text most likely from?AA diary. A guidebook.CA novel. A magazine.第一步确定题干中的关键信息likely from第二步定位到原文，寻找相关信息Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a lowcost device(装置) that gets around this problem：a smart keyboard. 第三步进行合理推断得出答案根据本文的话题“智能键盘”以及关键词researchers，lowcost device等来
30、推断，这篇文章是一篇科研报道。科研报道，最有可能出现在杂志上。自主解答：D从文章的内容或结构判断其出处：1报纸：前面常会出现日期、地点或通讯社名称。2广告：格式特殊，容易辨认。3产品说明：常含有操作方式、使用方法等。4网页：常含有网页的典型用语，如click等。 (2019全国卷B)“You can use me as a last resort(选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for
31、volunteers for my kids lacrosse(长曲棍球) club.I guess that theres probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids runni
32、ng the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids arent even on.At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright. Yes, Ill do it.”Im secretly relieved because I know theres real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal sch
33、edule, sends out emails, and collects money for endofseason gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges
34、 to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community(社区) as
35、 you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.In that sense, Im pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than Id freely like to admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter wh
36、ere my motivation lies?【解题导语】本文介绍作者自己参与并鼓励他人参与志愿者工作的经历，论述了志愿者工作的独特意义。24What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph 1?AShe knows little about the club.BShe isnt good at sports.CShe just doesnt want to volunteer.DShes unable to meet her schedule.C解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“You can use me as
37、a last resort(选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.”和第二段中的“the unwilling parent”可推断，这位家长不想做志愿者工作。故选C。25What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean?AEncourage teamwork.BAppeal to feelings.CPromote good deeds.DProvide advice.B解析：词义猜测题。根据前一句“She may ju
38、st need a little persuading.”以及后面的“the unwilling parent speaks up, Alright. Yes, Ill do it.”可知，tug at the heartstrings的意思是“打动(她)”。故选B。26What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3?AShe gets interested in lacrosse.BShe is proud of her kids.CShell work for another season.DShe becomes a good he
39、lper.D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第三句中的“the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team”可知，这位家长最后成了一个好帮手。故选D。27Why does the author like doing volunteer work?AIt gives her a sense of duty.BIt makes her very happy.CIt enables her to work hard.DIt brings her material rewards.B解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Conne
40、cting to the community(社区) as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.”很容易看出来，作者觉得做志愿者工作很快乐。故选B。一“抓”一“整”找“依据”，巧做推理判断题1抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理：要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即用某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正向推理。2整合全文(段)信息进行推断：有时需要在弄懂全文(段)意思的基础上，整合与题目相关的有用信息，综合起来
41、去推理判断，确定最佳答案。3以事实为依据：推断一定要以文章所提供的事实为依据，不能凭空想象，这样才能做出合理的推断。A(2019长沙四校一模)A tiny Alaska village has experienced a boom in tourism in recent years as polar bears spend more time on land than on Arctic sea ice.More than 2，000 people visited the northern Alaska village of Kaktovik in 2018 to see polar bea
42、rs in the wild. The far north community lies in an area where increasingly higher temperature has sped up the movement of sea ice, the primary habitat(栖息地) of polar bears. As ice has gradually moved to deep water beyond the continental shelf, more bears are remaining on land to look for food.Polar b
43、ears have always been a common sight on sea ice near Kaktovik, but villagers started noticing a change in the mid1990s. More bears seemed to stay on land, and researchers began taking note of more female bears making homes in the snow on land instead of on the ice to raise their babies. US. Fish and
44、 Wildlife Service biologists began hearing reports of the increasing number of polar bears in the area in the early 2000s. As more attention was given to the plight(困境) of polar bears about a decade ago, more tourists started heading to Kaktovik.“The village had fewer than 50 visitors annually befor
45、e 2011，” said Jennifer Reed, of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. “Today were talking about hundreds and hundreds of visitors, many from around the world each year，” Reed said. Most tourists visit in the fall, when bears are forced toward land because sea ice is farthest away from the shore. Bruc
46、e Inglangasak, a local hunter who sometimes offers wildlifeviewing tours, said hes been offering polar bear tours since 2004. Most of his clients(客户) are from China and Europe, as well as from the lower 48 US. states. Many tourists stay several days in the village, which has two small hotels. The vi
47、llagers have benefited a lot from that. In turn, they provide more effective protection for polar bears with financial support from tourism development.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。气候变暖导致海冰融化，北极熊登陆，为阿拉斯加的一个小村庄带来了巨大的人气，促进了当地旅游业发展，当地人又用旅游业的收入为北极熊提供积极的保护。1What causes more polar bears to stay on land in Kaktovik?AFoo
48、d shortage.BClimate change.CHabitats movement to shore.DTheir preference for land.B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The far north community lies in an area where increasingly higher temperature has sped up the movement of sea ice, the primary habitat(栖息地) of polar bears. As ice has gradually moved to deep water bey
49、ond the continental shelf, more bears are remaining on land to look for food.”可知，全球变暖加速了海冰融化，破坏了北极熊原本的栖息地，越来越多的北极熊待在陆地上以寻找食物。故选B。2How did common people feel about more sight of bears on land?AExcited.BPuzzled.CConcerned. DShocked.C解析：观点态度题。根据第三段的内容可知，随着越来越多的北极熊出现在陆地上，研究人员、生物学家等也越来越多地关注北极熊所处的这一困境，随后，
50、更多游客前往Kaktovik。由此可推知，大众对更多北极熊登陆现象表示关注。故选C。3What can be inferred from the last paragraph?AHotels in Kaktovik are in demand in autumn.BKaktovik has about 50 visitors annually.CInglangasak makes a living as a tour guide.DTourism affects the balance of nature.A解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Most tourists visit in th
51、e fall”及“Many tourists stay several days in the village, which has two small hotels.”可知，大多数游客会选择在秋季去Kaktovik游览，而且很多游客会在这个小村庄待上几天，而这个小村庄只有两个小旅馆，故可推知在秋季，Kaktovik的旅馆很抢手。故选A。4Which saying can describe the text?AThe fittest can survive.BAfter a storm comes a calm.CThere is always opportunity in crisis.DE
52、very coin has two sides.D解析：推理判断题。通读文章可知，因为全球气候变暖，北极熊被迫登陆来寻找食物以生存下去，这本来是北极熊的困境，然而北极熊登陆却促进了一个小村庄旅游业的发展，这对小村庄来说是一个机遇，同时，村民又利用旅游业的收入为北极熊提供更多保护。因此D项“事物都有两面性”符合语境。故选D。B(2019福州高三质量检测)The BBC has made its second annual report known since its new charter was established and the broadcaster paints a rather b
53、leak(暗淡的) picture for itself. It highlights the fact that the media landscape(局面)has changed quite rapidly in recent years and will most certainly continue to do so, and it says that the industry is “more and more dominated by a small number of USbased media giants with extraordinary creative and fi
54、nancial firepower”. The BBC added，“Their business models and huge budgets mean we are increasingly being squeezed out of an ever more competitive environment. British creativity and British content are now under real threat.”However, the broadcaster is determined to do all it can to survive in the e
55、ver more digital TV world increasingly controlled by companies like Netflix and Amazon. In that regard, it laid out a few goals for the year that are aimed at keeping the BBC competitive. One focus will be its iPlayer platform. It notes that younger audiences are more frequently choosing Netflix ove
56、r the BBC and its, therefore, making some changes to iPlayer that will hopefully make it a destination itself rather than just a way to catch up on shows viewers have missed. The BBC has already started to introduce personalization into its iPlayer content and going forward. It will work to strength
57、en the user experience, boost(促进) personalization and add more live content.But most importantly, the issue comes down to money.“The cost of sports broadcasting rights has skyrocketed while, overall, the cost of ideas and talent has risen fast.”The broadcaster concludes that it has shrunk while the
58、market has continued to grow.“In this context, the BBCs urgent challenge is to develop new ways to grow our income so that we can keep pace with the market around us, as well as successfully safeguard British content and Britains creative track record，” it said.【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了英国广播公司正面临激烈的竞争，它不仅
59、要采取措施使自己更加有竞争力，还要保持自己的特色。5What situation is the BBC in?AIt faces severe competition.BIts business budgets are huge.CIt provides bleak pictures.DIts creativity has been lost.A解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“the industry is more and more dominated by a small number of USbased media giants with extraordinary creati
60、ve and financial firepower”可知，BBC面临巨大的竞争压力。 故选A。6Which of the following can replace the underlined word “dominated” in paragraph 1?AConsidered.BChosen.CControlled. DImproved.C解析：词义猜测题。根据句意，这个行业“越来越多地被有着非凡的创造力和经济实力的以美国为基础的传媒大鳄所控制”。controlled “控制” 符合句意，故选C。7Whats the key measure the BBC has taken to s
61、urvive?ACatching up on programmes.BImproving its iPlayer platform.CSharing its iPlayer content.DReducing live shows.B解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“One focus will be its iPlayer platform.”和“ The BBC has already started to introduce personalization into its iPlayer content and going forward. It will work to.”可知B
62、BC为了生存有竞争力，一个目标就是改善iPlayer平台，且有具体的改善措施。故选B。8What can we infer from the last paragraph about the BBC?AIt tries to develop while keeping its own style.BIt intends to raise the cost of broadcasting rights.CIts challenge is to safeguard the market around.DIts ideas of cost and talent have changed rapidl
63、y.A解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“In this context, the BBCs urgent challenge is to develop new ways to grow our income so that we can keep pace with the market around us，as well as successfully safeguard British content and Britains creative track record”可知，BBC在保持自己风格的同时也在努力发展自己。故选A。长难句分析In that regard, it laid
64、out a few goals for the year that are aimed at keeping the BBC competitive.(第二段第二句)分析：本句是主从复合句。第二个that引导定语从句，修饰a few goals。译文：在这方面，它为今年制定了一些目标，旨在保持英国广播公司的竞争力。推理判断题推断隐含意义题(建议用时：25分钟)A(2019安徽百所重点中学三模)Ive been a volunteer in the Macmillan Glasgow Libraries programme for just over a year. I got involved
65、 because I was looking for something to volunteer for after I retired from work. I thought being a Macmillan Cancer Information and Support Volunteer might be a good way to do that by using some of the skills I learned at work.At one time, I felt I made a real difference when a lady came in to use t
66、he service. She was very upset, but she was not the person with cancer. It was her partner. She had lots of things on her mind. We, together with a counselor, had a chat about her to help deal with all the emotions(情感) she felt. We knew we could arrange something, so we discussed with her what could
67、 be done for her family. She was relieved that we could get something arranged for her and liked the fact that we managed to get the ball rolling during her visit.The good thing about having the services in the library is that the environment is nonclinical and therefore more relaxing than the hospi
68、tal or doctors surgery. The team in the library are not medically trained. That means we do not use big words or medical terms very often.Its great that the people who volunteer all work well together, helping each other to get a resolution(解决) for people who come in. Its good to have the team at th
69、e other end of the phone whenever we get something unusual. It is a pleasure to be able to help as a volunteer.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在本文中记叙了自己作为一名志愿者的经历。作者退休后，利用自己的技能去帮助那些需要帮助的人，并从中得到了快乐。1What can we infer about the author?AHe is a retired doctor.BHe is volunteering in a hospital.CHe is a counselor in
70、cancer.DHe has fought against cancer before.A解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知，作者现在已经退休，而且有医学方面的技能；结合第三段的内容，可以推测出作者是一名退休医生。2Why did the lady feel upset?ABecause she was affected by cancer.BBecause her husband suffered from cancer.CBecause she didnt know how to treat cancer.DBecause she had a poor relation with he
71、r husband.B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She was very upset, but she was not the person with cancer. It was her partner.”和“we discussed with her what could be done for her family”可知，这位女士的丈夫得了癌症。注意：此处的“partner”表示“配偶”。3What do we know about the volunteers?AThey do well in teamwork.BThey receive medical training.CT
72、hey all used to be helped.DThey often meet unusual things.A解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的首句“Its great that the people who volunteer all work well together, helping each other to get a resolution(解决) for people who come in.”可知，所有的志愿者都能很好地共同工作，彼此帮助，为来求助的人提供好的解决方案。由此推知，他们具有很强的团队意识，善于团队合作。4Why does the author write t
73、his text?ATo call on readers to do voluntary work.BTo show us how to help those in trouble.CTo share his experiences as a volunteer.DTo teach us how to take care of cancer patients.C解析：写作意图题。综合全文内容可知，本文主要讲述的是作者的志愿者经历。因此，作者写作的目的也就是要分享他作为志愿者的经历。B(2019湖北八校高三第二次联考)A woman grasped her phone to her heart
74、the way a minister might hold a Bible. She was anxious to take a picture of a bunch of flowers that sat not 10 feet away, but first she had to get through a crowd of others pushing to do the same. The cause of this was Bouquets to Art, one of the most popular annual events at the de Young Museum in
75、San Francisco. For the 34th year, artists were asked to create flower bunches that respond to pieces of art on display, from ancient carvings to contemporary sculptures. Its time to take a photo to post on Instagram, but to the point that it has become a problem.In recent years, the de Young receive
76、d more than a thousand complaints from people who felt that cell phones had ruined their experience. In fact, institutions of fine art around the world face similar problems as the desire to take photographs becomes a huge draw for museums as well as something that upsets some of their visitors. So
77、the de Young responded with a kind of compromise: carving out “photo free” hours during the exhibitions sixday run.One common complaint in the ongoing debates over the effect of social media on museum culture is that people seem to be missing out on experiences because they are so busy collecting ev
78、idence of them. A recent study in the journal Psychological Science suggests there is some truth to this; it found that people who took photos of an exhibit rather than simply observing it had a harder time remembering what they saw. But the issue is complicated for the professionals running museums
79、. Linda Butler, the de Youngs head of marketing, communications and visitor experience, acknowledges that not everyone wants a museum to be “a phototaking playland”. Yet a lot of other people do, and she thinks that the de Young is in no position to judge that one motivation for buying a $28 ticket
80、is more valid than another. “If we removed social media and photography，” she says, “we would risk becoming less popular.” If this is a battle, signs indicate that the prophone crowd(亲手机人群) has already won.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍de Young博物馆收到了很多关于在展馆内拍照的投诉，对此博物馆管理方作出回应，最终采取了一个折中的办法，即在展期内抽出“自由拍照”时间。5Wh
81、at were the crowd eager to do in paragraph 1?ATo hold a Bible.BTo admire flowers.CTo take a photo.DTo see the exhibition.C解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“She was anxious to take a picture of a bunch of flowers that sat not 10 feet away, but first she had to get through a crowd of others pushing to do the same.”可推
82、知，人们都在忙于拍照。故正确答案为C。6How did the de Young respond to the complaints?ABy setting periods without phototaking.BBy making the exhibition free of charge.CBy compromising with other institutions.DBy giving extra time to take photos freely.A解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“So the de Young responded with a kind of compro
83、mise: carving out photo free hours during the exhibitions sixday run.”可知，管理方规定在特定时间内不许拍照。故正确答案为A。7What can we infer about the use of social media in museums according to the recent study?AIt uncovers the truth.BIt accumulates evidence.CIt causes complaints.DIt plays a negative role.D解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第一
84、句“One common complaint in the ongoing debates over the effect of social media on museum culture is that people seem to be missing out on experiences because they are so busy collecting evidence of them.”及语境可推知，最近研究表明，在博物馆中使用社交媒介起到了负面作用。故正确答案为D。8Which of the following may Linda Butler support?ACateri
85、ng to visitors.BReducing admission prices.CReserving judgement in public.DBanning social media and photography.A解析：推理判断题。根据第三段倒数第二句“If we removed social media and photography， she says, we would risk becoming less popular.”可推知，Linda Butler支持迎合游客的做法。故正确答案为A。长难句分析One common complaint in the ongoing de
86、bates over the effect of social media on museum culture is that people seem to be missing out on experiences because they are so busy collecting evidence of them.(第三段第一句)分析：本句是一个主从复合句。that引导表语从句；because引导原因状语从句。译文：在关于社交媒介对博物馆文化产生的影响的持续争论中，一个普遍的抱怨是人们似乎忽略了这种艺术体验，因为他们忙于收集(他们来过的)证据。C(2019河北石家庄二中高三模拟考试)T
87、echnology offers conveniences such as opening the garage door from your car or changing the television station without touching the TV.Now one American company is offering its employees a new convenience: a microchip implanted in their hands. Employees who have these chips can do all kinds of things
88、 just by waving their hands. Three Square Market is offering to implant microchips in all of their employees for free. Each chip costs $300 and Three Square Market will pay for the chip. Employees can volunteer to have the chips implanted in their hands. About 70 out of 80 employees have chosen to d
89、o so. The president of the company, his wife and their children are also getting chips implanted in their hands. The chip is about the size of a grain of rice. Implanting the chip only takes about a second and is said to hurt only very briefly. The chips go under the skin between the thumb and foref
90、inger. With a chip in the hand, a person can enter the office building, buy food, sign into computers and more, simply by waving that hand near a scanner. The chips will be also used to identify employees. Employees who want convenience, but do not want to have a microchip implanted under their skin
91、, can wear a wristband or a ring with a chip instead. They can perform the same tasks with a wave of their hands as if they had an implanted chip.Three Square Market is the first company in the United States to offer to implant chips in its employees. Epicenter, a company in Sweden, has been implant
92、ing chips in its employees for a while.Three Square Market says the chip cannot track the employees. The company says scanners can read the chips only when they are within a few inches of them. “The chips protect against identity theft, similar to credit cards.” The US. Food and Drug Administration
93、approved the chips back in 2004, so they should be safe for humans, according to the company.In the future, people with the chips may be able to do more with them, even outside the office. Todd Westby is Chief Executive Officer of Three Square Market. He says, “Eventually, this technology will becom
94、e standardized allowing you to use this as your passport, public transit, all purchasing opportunities, etc.”【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国一家公司通过给员工手里植入一种芯片的方式来提高员工的工作效率，还介绍了该芯片的有关情况以及人们对它的看法。9What is the third paragraph mainly about?AThe substitutes of the chips.BThe potential risks of implanting the chi
95、ps.CThe places to implant the chips.DThe advantages of the chips.D解析：段落大意题。通读本段可知，本段主要介绍了植入芯片后的好处，如方便购物、识别员工身份等。故D项正确。10What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 5 refer to?AThe hands.BThe scanners.CThe employees. DThe credit cards.B解析：代词指代题。根据第五段中的“the chip cannot track the employees. The c
96、ompany says scanners can read the chips only when they are within a few inches of them”可知，芯片不能跟踪员工，但当芯片在距离扫描仪几英寸之内时，扫描仪就能读取芯片的信息。由此可推知，画线词指代扫描仪。故B项正确。11What can we infer from the passage?AThe chips have magic powers.BThe price of the chips is reasonable.CThe chips are very popular among the employee
97、s.DMost people suspect the application of the chips.C解析：推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句“About 70 out of 80 employees have chosen to do so.”可推知，该芯片很受员工的欢迎。故C项正确。12Which of the following best describes Todd Westbys attitude towards the chips?ADefensive. BDisappointing.CCasual. DOptimistic.D解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段第三句“He says
98、, Eventually, this technology will become standardized allowing you to use this as your passport, public transit, all purchasing opportunities, etc.”可知，Todd Westby 认为芯片技术将最终将成为你生活中的好帮手。由此可推知，他对芯片的态度非常乐观。故D项正确。长难句分析Employees who want convenience, but do not want to have a microchip implanted under th
99、eir skin, can wear a wristband or a ring with a chip instead.(第三段倒数第二句)分析：本句是一个主从复合句。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词Employees。译文：想要方便，但又不想在皮肤下植入芯片的员工，可以戴上带有芯片的腕带或戒指。推理判断题观点态度题(建议用时：25分钟)A(2019福州质量抽测)On a recent afternoon, some 60 years after they graduated from grammar school, Kathleen Rys, 72, and her sister Lorra
100、ine OKelly, 70, sat down and had a meal with a classmate, Bruce Smit, 71, for the first time.In the 1950s, Lorraine and Kathleen Rys family moved from Chicago to Monee. As new kids at Monee Elementary School, they soon found themselves on the outs with other students.“I would be with the other guys
101、and see Kathleen walking down the hallway, her head down, holding her books, walking slowly. And all of us guys would lean against the wall until she passed. Then wed burst into laughter. How rude is that? Its just crazy，” said Bruce, a doctor whose wife, Tammy, organized the meeting.The women said
102、none of the teachers cared about it. “We just kept it to ourselves，” Lorraine said.Over the years, Tammy Smit said, “Bruce would just start to cry at times. Hed wonder what happened to the sisters, if they led a good life.” One day a few weeks ago, Tammy took to the Internet and found Mary OKelly, L
103、orraines daughter, and offered to set up a meeting. The idea of revisiting the pain was not wellreceived by Kathleen, who had never married, let alone gone on a date. It took some convincing, but Lorraine finally got Kathleen to agree to meet with Bruce.Bruce broke into tears. “Im so ashamed, so emb
104、arrassed，” he said. “But Im so happy that youre still here and that I can finally apologize.” He said he hoped his apology would encourage others to seek forgiveness for the pain they had made on others. Lorraine said, “This is a beautiful thing. Its just wonderful that a person can ask for forgiven
105、ess after about 60 years. Its like a miracle to us. Its healing to us.”【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。大约六十年前，Kathleen Rys和她的妹妹Lorraine OKelly转学到一所新学校，不料遭到了同班同学的嘲笑。多年以后，班里的男生Bruce Smit感到非常后悔，其妻子在网上找到这对姐妹的信息后，为他们安排了一次会面。Bruce Smit向她们道了歉，这对姐妹也原谅了他1What can we learn from the first three paragraphs?AKathleen made her cl
106、assmates afraid of her at school.BKathleen was once hurt by her classmates at school.CBruce Smit asked his wife to organize the meeting.DBruce Smit spoke ill of Kathleen.B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“And all of us guys would lean against the wall until she passed. Then wed burst into laughter. How rude is that？
107、”可知，Bruce和其他男生都紧靠着墙，直到Kathleen走过去，然后他们突然大笑起来，这是非常无礼的；并结合前两段内容可推知，Kathleen曾经受到同班同学的伤害，故B项正确。2What does the underlined word “it” in the 4th paragraph probably refer to?AThe guys meeting.BKathleens slow pace.CThe guys apology. DKathleens suffering.D解析：代词指代题。根据第三段中的“And all of us guys would lean against
108、 the wall until she passed. Then wed burst into laughter. How rude is that？”可知，Bruce和其他男生都紧靠着墙，直到Kathleen走过去，然后他们突然大笑起来，这是非常无礼的；并结合第四段中的“The women said none of the teachers cared about it”和“We just kept it to ourselves”可知，没有任何老师对此表示关心，她们也不对别人说；据此可推知，it指代Kathleen因受到同班同学的嘲笑而遭受的精神上的痛苦，故D项正确。3How did Ka
109、thleen first feel about the meeting?AAngry. BExcited.CAnxious. DUnwilling.D解析：推理判断题。根据第五段倒数第二句“The idea of revisiting the pain was not wellreceived by Kathleen, who had never married, let alone gone on a date.”可知，Kathleen不想接受重新体验痛苦的建议，她从未结过婚，更不用说约过会了；据此可推知，对于三人的会面，Kathleen一开始是不愿意接受的，故D项正确。4What can
110、we infer from the last paragraph?ABruce was embarrassed about his apology.BThe other guys apologized to the two sisters.CBruce and the two sisters felt a sense of relief.DLorraine thought the apology came a little late.C解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中Bruce所说的话“But Im so happy that youre still here and that I can f
111、inally apologize.”可知，Bruce对能有机会向她们道歉感到很高兴；根据最后一段中Lorraine所说的话“This is a beautiful thing. Its just wonderful that a person can ask for forgiveness after about 60 years. Its like a miracle to us. Its healing to us.”可知，Lorraine认为大约60年前嘲笑过她们的人能请求原谅是一件美好的事情；据此可推知，这次会面让三人都感到宽慰，故C项正确。长难句分析He said he hoped
112、his apology would encourage others to seek forgiveness for the pain they had made on others.(最后一段第四句)分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句中“he hoped his apology would encourage others to seek forgiveness for the pain they had made on others”为省略了that的宾语从句，作said的宾语；其中“his apology would encourage others to seek forgiveness
113、for the pain they had made on others”为省略了that的宾语从句，作hoped的宾语，该宾语从句中的“they had made on others” 为定语从句，修饰先行词the pain。译文：他说，他希望他的道歉将鼓励其他人为他们给别人造成的痛苦寻求原谅。B(2019南昌二模)Although the idea of “zero emission, and sustainable(可持续的) development” was promoted worldwide, most cities are at a loss what to do or even
114、 some have objected to it. But in Liuzhou, a city in southern China, attitudes could not be more different.The Liuzhou Municipality Urban Planning Bureau has signed up Italian architect Stefano Boeri, the father of the forest city movement, to build a selfcontained community for up to 30，000 people.
115、 He is the goto man for such projects thanks to the success of his “vertical forests”， two residential(住宅的) towers. Completed in 2014, they remove up to 17.5 tons of soot(煤烟) from the air each year, and a year later one of them was named Best Tall Building Worldwide.The Liuzhou project is a much mor
116、e ambitious undertaking, however. Its homes, hospitals, hotels, schools and offices will be built on a 340acre site in what Boeri calls the first attempt to create an “urban environment that is really trying to find a balance with nature”. Its 100 species of plant life are expected to absorb almost
117、10，000 tons of carbon dioxide and 57 tons of pollutants per year, while at the same time producing 900 tons of lifegiving oxygen.Although the architects havent published the cost of the forest city, the Milan towers cost only five percent more than traditional skyscrapers.The construction of his for
118、est city at Liuzhou is set to begin in 2020, and there is still a great deal of planning and research required before a projected completion date can be set. However, Boeri remains optimistic about the project and has confidence in the soundness of his vision：“I really think that bringing forests in
119、to the city is a way to deal with global warming.”【解题导语】为了改善空气质量，中国委托米兰建筑师Stefano Boeri为柳州市建造一座可以容纳3万人的森林城市。5Whats Liuzhous attitude towards the sustainable development?AApproving. BCautious.CUnfavorable. DDoubtful.A解析：观点态度题。根据第一段可知，多数城市对待可持续发展的观点都是茫然不知所措，甚至有些城市还持反对意见。然而柳州市对待可持续发展的态度完全不同。所以可以看出柳州市对待
120、可持续发展的态度是“支持的”。A.赞成的，支持的；B.小心的，谨慎的；C.不利的，不赞成的；D.怀疑的。故A项符合题意。6Why is Stefano employed for the Liuzhou project?AHe volunteered to do the project.BHe is a famous architect in the world.CHe is the father of the forest recovery.DHe has gained experience in similar projects.D解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“He is the got
121、o man for such projects thanks to the success of his vertical forests， two residential(住宅的) towers.”可知，他设计的“垂直森林”两栋住宅建筑的成功使得他成为此类项目的不二人选。所以可以推断出柳州项目签约Stefano Boeri的原因是“他已经有类似工程的经验”，故选D。7What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 2 refer to?AThe architects. BThe two towers.CForests in the city
122、. DThe residents of the city.B解析：代词指代题。根据画线词所在的句子可知，完工于2014年，它们每年可以去除空气中17.5吨的煤烟。所以可以推断出此处的they指代的是前句中的“两栋住宅楼”。A.建筑师们；B.两栋住宅楼；C.城市里的森林；D.城市居民。故选B。8Whats the purpose of Liuzhou project?ATo provide more jobs.BTo bring forest into city.CTo solve house shortage.DTo improve the environment.D解析：推理判断题。根据最后
123、一段最后一句可知，Boeri对这个项目充满信心，他认为把森林引入城市中是一种应对全球变暖的方法。所以可以推断出柳州工程的目的是“改善环境”，故选D。长难句分析Although the idea of “zero emission and sustainable(可持续的) development” was promoted worldwide, most cities are at a loss what to do or even some have objected to it.(第一段第一句)分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句中“Although the idea of zero emiss
124、ion and sustainable(可持续的) development was promoted worldwide”为although引导的让步状语从句。译文：尽管“零排放与可持续发展”的理念在世界范围内得到推广，但大多数城市都处于不知所措的状态，甚至有些城市反对这个理念。C(2019银川质量检测)Endless queues and long waits at the ticket inspection desks at Chinas major train stations were the signature of the Spring Festival travel rush b
125、efore 2018. Every year, as the countrys biggest national holiday unfolded, a huge flow of travelers would leave staff at the checkin desks facing a dilemma.But with the installment(安装) of artificial intelligence(AI) in dozens of train stations in 2018, including a facial recognition system which is
126、able to process passenger identification within five seconds and therefore speed up the waiting process, busy scenes started to become something of the past.When a passenger approaches the camera inside the facial recognition system at the station, it scans his face and then quickly compares it with
127、 the photograph shown on his identification card in real time. If the information matches, the barrier gates will open and allow the passenger to go through.Such use of facial recognition technology is in line with discussions heard at the recent two sessions meeting, a key annual political event, w
128、hich focused on the widespread application of a security network named Tianwang(“Sky Net” in English) currently being used by Chinas public security department. The network, according to reports by the Peoples Daily, has the potential to recognize the facial features of anyone in the world and match
129、 them on the spot with photographs on a database of criminal suspects. In fact, it can analyze photographic identity so quickly that it can scan every single Chinese face on the planet in just one second, and it would only take two seconds to scan every face in the world, with an accuracy rate of up
130、 to 99.8 percent.Those are just two examples that highlight the development of Chinese visual AI technology, which industry insiders predict could contribute to powerful growth in the global technology sector this year.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了可视AI技术在中国的重要应用。9Whats the authors purpose in writing the fi
131、rst paragraph?ATo introduce the following topic of the passage.BTo describe the Spring Festival.CTo inform readers of the development of China.DTo explain the dilemma of the staff.A解析：写作意图题。根据第一段及对全文的整体理解可推知，作者写第一段是为了导入本文主题，即AI技术在现实生活中的应用。10Whats the solution to the Spring Festival travel rush?AUsin
132、g artificial intelligence.BOpening more barrier gates.CLimiting the number of passengers.DIncreasing more staff at the checkin desks.A解析：细节理解题。根据对第二段的整体理解可知，AI技术的应用使中国春节车站人流拥堵的场景开始成为过去，即问题得以解决。11What can we know about facial recognition technology?AIts application leads to a heated discussion.BIts a
133、pplication is useless to policemen.CIts operating speed is not yet high enough.DIts accuracy rate is very high.D解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句中的“with an accuracy rate of up to 99.8 percent”可知，人脸识别技术的准确率很高，高达99.8%。12Whats the authors attitude towards Chinese visual AI technology?ADepressed.BPositive.CDoubtful.
134、 DIndifferent.B解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段和对全文的整体理解可知，中国可视AI技术的应用解决了中国春节车站人流拥堵问题，同时也被应用于公安系统，由此可推知，作者对中国可视AI技术持积极的态度。长难句分析Those are just two examples that highlight the development of Chinese visual AI technology, which industry insiders predict could contribute to powerful growth in the global technology secto
135、r this year.(最后一段)分析：本句是一个主从复合句。that和which 分别引导定语从句，都在从句中作主语。译文：这仅仅是两个例子，其强调了中国可视人工智能技术的发展；业内人士预测说，这可能有助于今年全球在这方面技术的强有力发展。推理判断题写作意图题(建议用时：25分钟)A(2019洛阳第二次统考)I decided to ski to the North Pole. It was after I saw an advertisement in a newspaper looking for people to join a team to ski 350 miles to th
136、e North Pole. Back in 1996, there had never been a woman from the UK who had accomplished this challenge. I wondered what it would be like to survive in temperatures cold enough to freeze your flesh in seconds, so I sent off for the application form.The application form full of pictures of male expl
137、orers arrived. The words “Are you man enough for the ultimate(极限的) challenge？” made me angry and even more determined to get on the team.Over 500 individuals applied for a place in the team, and the selection process included physical and psychological tests designed to pick the best group. In one t
138、est, there was a huge rope ladder we had to climb, and I froze at the top because I have a fear of heights. I thought my hopes were fading as most other applicants sailed past, leaving me behind. But two others helped me over, and later I found out that the organizers were not looking for amazing in
139、dividuals, but great team players, and this moment had shown them who would take care of others in the team.I had revealed(显示) my weakness, and in a place like the Arctic, you have to be yourself, as there is nowhere to hide. These personalities of asking for help and showing weakness are necessary
140、for women to master.I realized that by being myself, I could succeed. I was selected for the team. I realized that I could achieve more than I ever imaginedmore importantly, by sharing my story with others, I could inspire them to take a step into the new world and reveal more of their abilities.【解题
141、导语】本文主要讲述了作者申请加入去北极的滑雪队，并成功加入的故事。1How did the author react on seeing the advertisement?AShe got cross.BShe was determined.CShe got frightened. DShe was uninterested.B解析：细节理解题。根据对第一段的整体理解，尤其是第一二句“I decided to ski to the North Pole. It was after I saw an advertisement in a newspaper looking for people
142、 to join a team to ski 350 miles to the North Pole.”可知，作者看到这则广告后就下定决心要滑雪去北极。2What did the organizers view as the most important in the selection of new hands?APersonal quality. BIndividual ability.CSpirit of teamwork. DCourage to challenge.C解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“But two others helped me over, and later
143、 I found out that the organizers were not looking for amazing individuals, but great team players, and this moment had shown them who would take care of others in the team.”可推知，团队组织者挑选新队员时认为最重要的一点就是队员们要有团队合作精神。3What does the author think of womens showing weakness?ABeneficial. BShameful.CMerciful. D
144、Disturbing.A解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的内容，尤其是第二句“These personalities of asking for help and showing weakness are necessary for women to master.”可推知，女性展示软弱是有用的。4Whats the intention of the author in writing this passage?ATo inspire us to prepare for our future goal.BTo advise women how to turn to others.CTo make
145、suggestions to her team members.DTo encourage people to explore the unknown.D解析：写作意图题。根据最后一段最后一句“I realized that I could achieve more than I ever imaginedmore importantly, by sharing my story with others, I could inspire them to take a step into the new world and reveal more of their abilities.”可知，作
146、者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励人们去探索未知的世界。长难句分析I wondered what it would be like to survive in temperatures cold enough to freeze your flesh in seconds, so I sent off for the application form.(第一段最后一句)分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句中“what it would be like.in seconds”为what 引导的宾语从句，作wondered的宾语，其中cold enough.in seconds作temperatures的定语；本
147、句中又包含了一个so引导的结果状语从句。译文：我想知道在几秒钟就能冷得把人的肉体冻住的温度下如何生存，所以我写信索要申请表。B(2019山东、湖北部分重点中学联考)Public libraries are an excellent resource for research, literacy(读写能力) education, and readingcentered events. Most towns have one or share library services with other towns through a mobile library, and the use of a p
148、ublic library is free to people who are willing to apply for a library card.There are several primary sources of library funding(资金), starting with national funds which are distributed to states or provinces. These regions send the funds on to public libraries. Local governments also play an importa
149、nt role in providing funding for libraries, and most librarians apply for grants(拨款). Finally, private donations help to maintain librariesmost libraries have an association of Friends of the Library which organizes fundraising sales and pays annual dues to help maintain the library.Grants and priva
150、te donations can also be used to provide a large amount of funding for public libraries, and some large libraries maintain a separate staff member to increase the amount of funding that they can obtain through these sources. Grants include technology grants which allow libraries to install and upgra
151、de computer systems, grants which focus on a particular topic such as science, fiction, childrens books, or local history, and education grants which support locallybased community efforts such as afterschool reading programs. Many private donors are pleased to support their local public libraries b
152、y donating funds or including some library in their wills, and libraries reward their donors with treats like afterhours visits or privileged access to special collections.By combining multiple resources, creative librarians can keep their libraries useful, informative, and fun for browsers. When it
153、 comes to supporting public libraries, every little bit counts: if you cannot afford to donate to a local library, think about volunteering time to help shelve books, lead afterschool programs, or organize fundraisers. Being active with your public library is a very important way to contribute to yo
154、ur local community.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了图书馆资金的几个主要来源。 5How many main sources of library funding are mentioned?ATwo.BThree.CFour. DFive.B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，图书馆资金来源主要有三个：国家资金；当地政府的拨款；私人捐款。6How is the funding made use of according to the text?ABy exploring more about history.BBy developing a scientific co
155、mputer system.CBy holding afterschool activities for students.DBy enriching special collections for the donors.C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“education grants which support locallybased community efforts such as afterschool reading programs”可知，有些资金用于为学生举办一些课外活动。7What does the underlined word “browsers” refer to
156、in the last paragraph?AViewers in the library.BPrograms used to view documents.CPeople running the library.DDonors visiting the library regularly.A解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“By combining multiple resources, creative librarians can keep their libraries useful, informative, and fun for browsers”可知，通过组合多种资源，有创造
157、力的图书馆馆长可以使他们的图书馆有用、信息丰富并且对于browsers来说有趣。故可推知browsers应是去图书馆的人。故答案为A。8What is the purpose of the text?ATo stress the value of public libraries.BTo appeal for donation to local libraries.CTo introduce sources of public library funding.DTo show the procedure of funding libraries.C解析：写作意图题。本文主要介绍了图书馆资金的几
158、个主要来源，故答案为C。长难句分析Grants include technology grants which allow libraries to install and upgrade computer systems, grants which focus on a particular topic such as science, fiction, childrens books, or local history, and education grants which support locallybased community efforts such as afterschool
159、 reading programs.(第三段第二句)分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句子主干是Grants include technology grants, grants and education grants，句中有三个which引导的定语从句。译文：拨款包括让图书馆安装和更新电脑系统的技术拨款，关注某个特定话题，如科学、小说、儿童图书或当地历史的拨款和支持当地社区活动如课外读书项目的教育拨款。C(2019石家庄一模)At 9：30 am. on a Wednesday morning, I received a notification(通知) that Id already picke
160、d up my phone 30 times that day! “11 left until you go over your goal of 41 pickups，” my screen read. “Put your phone down until 9：52 am.! Enjoy your time living in the moment.”These updates were sent via Moment, an app that tracks the screen time, created by Kevin Holesh in 2014 to fight his own de
161、vice addiction. He was working as an independent app developer, spending hours each day staring at screens. After work, Holesh found that he was looking mindlessly online instead of talking to his wife or taking his dogs for a walk.“I wanted a way of seeing how much time I was sinking into my phone，
162、” he said. “So I came up with something that could monitor my screen time.” Holesh found that he was spending 75 minutes on his phone a day. He added a function to the app that informed him whenever his screen time was more than 40 minutes. “My phone would make a sound like a bee, and Id go and do s
163、omething else. It was like something pushing me in the right direction，” he said. Holesh figured that if the system worked for him, it would work for others, and later that year he made Moment a free app. To date, it has been downloaded 8 million times.Besides, Moment also has a “coach” function, of
164、fering guided programs to help users focus and be more productive, for $7.99 a month.“I am so much happier, I sleep better, I read more, I take better care of myself, and most of all I am present in my daytoday life，” Jack, a user said. Similar comments on Moment reflect a growing consciousness arou
165、nd “digital wellness”， the name given to lifestyle practices that encourage healthy device use.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种名为“Moment”的手机软件，该软件可以对超时使用手机的人发出提醒，让人们合理使用设备。本文主要介绍了这款软件的发明过程和功能，以及用户对它的评价。9What does the inspiration of Moment come from?AThe creators own experience.BThe sound made by honey bees.CC
166、omplaints from family members.DThe widespread digital addiction.A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“These updates were sent via Moment, an app that tracks the screen time, created by Kevin Holesh in 2014 to fight his own device addiction.”，并结合该段其他内容和第三段可知，该软件的发明源于Kevin Holesh自己的经历，故A项正确。10What does Moment do at the
167、expected screen time?AMonitor the screen and keep a record.BMake a noise to remind the user.CTurn off the phone immediately.DForce the user to take a rest.B解析：细解理解题。根据第三段中的“He added a function to the app that informed him whenever his screen time was more than 40 minutes.”“My phone would make a soun
168、d like a bee, and Id go and do something else.”可知，如果超时使用手机，则这款软件会使手机发出声音来提醒使用者，故B项正确。11What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?APersuade readers to buy the app.BProvide readers with some advice.CRecommend a coach to the readers.DIntroduce more information of the app.D解析：写作意图题。根据第四段的内容可知，该软件
169、还具有“教练”功能，提供一些指导方案，让用户注意力集中，更有效率，并结合上文介绍的该软件的超时使用手机的提醒功能可推知，在第四段作者旨在介绍该软件的更多信息，故D项正确。12In which part of a website will you find this text?AFashion and Business.BSports and Entertainment.CHealth and Lifestyle.DArt and Design.C解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一款名为“Moment”的手机软件，该软件可以对超时使用手机的人发出提醒，让人们合理使用设备，拥有更有益
170、于健康的生活方式。据此可推知，本文最有可能摘自“健康和生活方式”版块，故C项正确。长难句分析These updates were sent via Moment, an app that tracks the screen time, created by Kevin Holesh in 2014 to fight his own device addiction.(第二段第一句)分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句中“an app that tracks the screen time”作Moment的同位语，其中又包含了that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词“an app”；“created.add
171、iction”作Moment的后置定语，其中又包含了一个动词不定式作目的状语。译文：这些最新消息经由Moment发送，它是一款跟踪屏幕时间的软件，由Kevin Holesh在2014年开发来抵抗他自己对设备的入迷。推理判断题文章出处或读者对象题(建议用时：25分钟)A(2019安徽百所重点高中三模)Long Island EventsCrafternoonSaturday, March 30, 1：00 PM3：00 PMEmma Clark Library, 120Main StreetSetauket, NY 11733The March “Crafternoon” at Emma Cla
172、rk Library is a hatching bird popup craft.Stop by Saturday, March30 anytime between 1：00PM3：00 PM for this free craft! No registration. Welcome all kids. If you have any question, please email kidsemmaclark.org.Rolling River Day Camp Family DaySaturday, April 1312：00 PM2：00 PM477 Ocean Avenue East R
173、ockaway, Oceanside，NY 11518Now is the time to learn more about Camp 2019 Prospective Family Day! Bring your family to Rolling River Day Camps Family Daya unique opportunity for children to get a taste of camp while parents attend an interactive information session. All families who sign up for Camp
174、2019 that day will receive a free gift. You must preregister to attend.The Flower & Garden ShowMarch 724, 8：00 AM6：00 PM Hicks NurseriesWestbury, NY 11590Head to Hicks Nurseries in Westbury if your kids want to know of the hottest trends, ideas and products for spring gardening. The Spring Flower &
175、Garden Show, 8：00 AM to 6：00 PM daily, beginning on March 7 and running through March 24, offers a varietyof free workshops, seminars and activities intended for kids interested in gardening. ADMISSION Free.Super Bowl “Saturday”Saturday, February 2，2：00 PM4：00 PMEmma Clark Library, 120 Main StreetSe
176、tauket, NY 11733Kick off the Super Bowlweekend with footballthemed festivities on Saturday, February 2.Simply drop into the Childrens Department at Emma Clark Library between the hours of 2：00 PM4：00 PM. Play games and enter for a chance to win a special prize. The Library staff encourages visitors
177、to wear a shirt with their favorite football team. Be sure to catch the fun! There is no registration, and families with kids of all ages are welcome.【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了长岛的一些亲子活动项目，活动的时间、地点和活动内容均已附上。1What is required to attend Rolling River Day Camp Family Day?ATo give away a gift.BTo register in adv
178、ance.CTo sign up for a training session.DTo have a good knowledge of camp.B解析：细节理解题。根据第二则广告中提及的“You must preregister to attend.”可知，如果想参加该活动，要提前报名。2For those fond of growing plants, when can they choose to join in an event?AMarch 30.BApril 13.CMarch 17. DFebruary 2.C解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的关键信息“fond of growin
179、g plants”可以把解题线索定位在第三则广告中，根据该广告提及的活动时间“8：00 AM to 6：00 PM daily, beginning on March 7 and running through March 24”可知，3月7日至3月24日期间，植物爱好者每天都可以参加这项活动。结合所给的四个选项可知选C项。3Who might be interested in this text?AStudents on holidays.BPeople of all ages.COutdoor sports lovers.DFamilies with children.D解析：推理判断题。
180、通读全文可知，本文中所有的活动都是针对孩子和家长设计的。因此，对本文感兴趣的对象应是有孩子的家庭。故选D项。B(2019湖北高考模拟)With its snowcovered mountains and a variety of wildlife, Yellowstone National Park is one of the scenic treasures of the United States. Located primarily in Wyoming, the park hosts millions of visitors every year. If you plan to tra
181、vel within the park, keep in mind the advice from the National Park Service.Seasonal TravelTravel varies vastly from season to season. Roads are generally open in the summer except for cases of rock or mud slides, wild fires, accidents or road construction. Early snows in the fall can cause some roa
182、ds to close temporarily. In the winter almost all roads are closed to motor vehicles, but snowmobiles and other snow vehicles with tracks are allowed. Roads begin to open in the spring by the latter part of April but may close if snowfall continues.Driving TimeGrand Loop Road is the main road throug
183、h Yellowstone National Park, and it passes by most of the major attractions. These include Old Faithful, Yellowstone Lake and the Grand Canyon of Yellowstone. The maximum speed limit on the Grand Loop is 45 miles per hour, but the speed limit drops during some of the winding and twisty sections of t
184、his narrow road. Allow yourself at least two days to fully travel the loop due to the size of the park and occasionally heavy traffic.Safety AwarenessBuffaloes often block the roads in the park as they migrate through the fields. If a herd is traveling across the road you are on, you can either wait
185、 for them to pass or find an alternative route. If you get out of your vehicle, you should stay at least 25 yards from any buffalo (and 100 yards or more away from bears and wolves). Buffaloes are particularly unpredictable and charge people at speeds up to 30 mph.You can take your bicycle on any pu
186、blic roads and routes designed for bikes, but bicycles are not allowed on the park roads which are narrow with few shoulders. Elevations range from 5，300 to 8，860 feet. The National Park Service recommends that cyclists wear helmets and noticeable clothing.【解题导语】本文介绍了美国黄石国家公园的服务中心为参观者提供的几条建议。4What i
187、s TRUE about traveling in the Yellowstone Park?ARoads will stay open in spite of emergency.BTraffic jam is actually a rare thing.CThe driving speed on the road can be 50 mph.DMotor vehicles are allowed in the winter.B解析：细节理解题。根据Seasonal Travel 部分中的第二句可知，发生岩崩或泥石流、森林火灾、事故或道路建设时，道路不开放。故A项(尽管有紧急情况，道路也会开
188、放)是错误的。根据Driving Time部分中的第三句可知，主路限速45英里/小时，在窄路的弯道处限速更低，故C项错误。根据Seasonal Travel部分中的第四句可知，冬天几乎所有道路都不对摩托车开放，故D项错误。根据Driving Time部分最后一句中的“occasionally heavy traffic”可知，黄石公园很少有堵车情况。故选B项。5What safety advice does the National Park Service offer?AUnder no circumstances could you get out of the car.BKeep goi
189、ng forward when coming across buffaloes.CDo wear easytosee clothes while bicycling.DBicycling is forbidden on the public roads.C解析：细节理解题。根据关键词safety可定位到文中Safety Awareness部分；再根据该部分最后一段的最后一句可知，服务中心建议骑手戴安全帽、穿显眼的衣服。故选C项。6Where can you probably find this article?AIn a guidebook.BIn a geography textbook.C
190、In a research paper.DIn a commercial advertisement.A解析：文章出处题。根据第一段最后一句可知，本文介绍了黄石国家公园服务中心为游客提供的几条建议，故可推知，本文应摘自旅游指南手册。故选A项。C(2019山西太原五中阶段检测)The Arctic Circlethe habitat of polar bears and decreasing sea ice at the top of the worldhit 32 degrees Celsius last week.This was the temperature in Banak, Norw
191、ay on July 30, though some Norwegian areas even reached a couple degrees warmer, according to the European Severe Weather Database. Banak sits atop northern Europe, over 350 miles above the bottom edge of the Arctic Circle.The Northern Hemisphere and Europe itself have been repeatedly scorched by bo
192、th record and nearrecord temperatures this summer as a consequence of overall rising global temperatures.In the past 40 years, Earths climate has experienced an accelerated warming trend, which adds an extra level of background warming to hot spellsmaking heatwaves more extreme, climate scientists h
193、ave said.A photo of what appears to be Scandinavian folks taking a dip in a river while reindeerthe coldadapted herbivores(食草动物)cooled off in the water beside them is perhaps the best example of just how hot it is in parts of the Arctic Circle right now.The “warm season” in Banak is short, lasting a
194、round three months, but the very warmest day of the year, around July 23, is usually around 62 degrees Fahrenheit(华氏度)about 30 degrees cooler than temperatures there now. Overall, temperatures in northern Europe are between 14 to 21 degrees Fahrenheit, 10 to 6 degrees Celsius above average.Alltime t
195、emperature records were set in both Norway and Finland on July 30, including 86 degrees Fahrenheit, 30 degrees Celsius, in Cape Verde, near Banak, though extreme or nearrecord temperatures blanketed the region.Persistent heat and dryness this summer have transformed normally green European countries
196、 into brown and yellow lands, and the continents extreme heat is expected to persist.Andrew Derocher, a professor at the University of Alberta who studies polar bears, said climate change is shrinking the ice bears usually hunt on, making them faced with the danger of extinction.【解题导语】由于全球变暖的速度不断加快，
197、作为北极熊栖息地的北极圈现在也面临着温度升高的状况。这样的环境变化对于北极熊的生存有很大威胁。7Which of the following words can replace the underlined word “scorched” in paragraph 3?ABurned. BAchieved.CScored. DReached.A解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段“The Northern Hemisphere and Europe itself have been repeatedly scorched by both record and nearrecord temperatur
198、es.”可知，今年夏天，由于全球气温总体上升，北半球和欧洲自身不断受到创纪录和接近创纪录气温的炙烤。因此，画线词的意思是“烧伤；烧焦”。故选A项。8What does the photo show according to the author?AScandinavian folks like to swim in a river.BReindeer have adapted to the cold climate.CThe ice there has totally been melted into water.DThe temperature of the Arctic Circle no
199、w is high.D解析：细节理解题。根据第五段“A photo of what appears to be Scandinavian folks taking a dip in a river.is in parts of the Arctic Circle right now.”可知，喜冷的食草动物在水里凉快，证明了北极圈开始变热。因此，这张照片表明现在北极圈的温度很高。故选D项。9What can you learn from Professor Derochers words?AMaybe bears will die out in the near future.BClimate
200、change is threatening polar bears.CHe is worried about the shrinking of the sea ice.DHe advises people to do something to improve the condition.B解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Andrew Derocher.said climate change is shrinking the ice bears usually hunt on, making them faced with the danger of extinction.”可知，气候变暖使得北
201、极熊赖以生存的冰面减少，致使北极熊面临灭绝的危险。因此，从德罗彻教授的话中可以得知气候变化正威胁着北极熊(的生命安全)。故选B项。10Where may you find this article?AIn a fashion magazine.BIn a news report.CIn a geography textbook.DIn a travel handbook.B解析：文章出处题。根据第一段“The Arctic Circlethe habitat of polar bears and decreasing sea ice at the top of the worldhit 32 degrees Celsius last week.”可知，这篇文章是报道上周北极圈温度达到32摄氏度的新闻。因此，本文不可能出现在时尚杂志、地理教科书或旅游手册中，它最有可能出现在新闻报道中。故选B项。
