1、省重点高级中学2007年高三英语高考迎考策略一、总体应试策略1、考前几天应该如何调节自己的心态，让自己发挥最好的水平？对策：进入到6月就是学习压力或者强度放松的阶段。这个时候放松调整自己的状态，一个是你的作息时间，考生要调整兴奋点。今年我省英语考试时间是6月8日下午3：005：00。（2：30考生进考场。3：00听力考试开始）。那么，下午3：00是不是一天当中最佳的状态？一般人是困倦的时候，而此时考生应该是最兴奋的，有必要在生理方面调整做一些准备，让自己的兴奋点和高考时间吻合，这也是胜利的关键因素。 这时，考生应该放松，从根本意义上讲再看什么也是徒劳的，因为毕竟不知道高考要考什么，不必要为难自
2、己，让自己太疲劳，影响正常考试的发挥。要好好休息，调整好状态，处什么状态呢？想起什么就看点什么。达到这样的状态就可以了。 进入考场前，可听10分钟左右的英语磁带，读5分钟左右的英语文章。这叫“英语热身”。这样考试时就可迅速进入英语思维。2、是否非要按序答题？对策：不一定要这样做。试卷发下后，先集中精力看听力题，以排除部分答案，预测听力内容，明确听的重点。然后快速浏览试卷的笔试部分，初步了解考试内容和难度，再根据先易后难的原则，并结合平时做题习惯，决定答题的次序。但有一点要注意，不要在某一道题或者分值较小的题目上（特别是单项填空题）花过多的时间，既准又快是先易后难原则的具体体现。选择题先做容易的
3、，对难题暂时放过，但可根据难的程度做上记号，以便回过头来再做时心中有数。对答案模糊的题可在旁边标上“？”。在做完全部试题后，如时间允许，还要对做过的题加以检查，重点检查那些答案把握不准的题。检查时，不要按照第一次答题的角度去考虑，应该从另外一个角度去思考，没有充分、足够的理由不要推翻第一次的选择。3、试卷来不及答怎么办？对策：首先，要知道高考是选拔性考试，30%左右的考生不能按时答完试题是正常现象，关键是要保持这样一个心态：“我难人难我不畏难，我易人易我不大意”。其次，要根据个人平时答题情况灵活安排好每个大项的答题时间。最后，要设法保证对话填空、写作的答题时间。建议合理划分各部分考试时间：听力
4、20分钟、单项填空与完形填空25分钟、阅读理解35分钟、对话填空与书面表达25分钟（剩余时间可用按理校对和填涂答题卡）。实际上，除听力外，各人各部分用时并不完全一致，普遍是单选、完形、阅读用时较多，对话填空、写作用时较少，而后两种题型都是最好拿分，最有把握拿分的，因此在时间较为紧张时，要确保二卷两项的答题时间（最少要有25分钟时间）。4、何时填涂答题卡？对策：要准确、规范填涂答题卡。听力题在所有20个小题听完后立即一次性填涂。其他选择题可在考试结束前15分钟开始集中填涂。如果平时答题速度较慢，估计没有时间回过头来再检查一遍的，可以每做完一大项集中填涂一次，并且尽量做到将每5个小题作为一组进行填
5、涂。千万不要做一小题就填涂一小题。也可根据各人的答题习惯。但要确保填涂抽样检查，是否题号填错位。5、怎样应对熟词生义的现象？对策：这类词的意思大多数都是原词义的引申意义或次要意义，完全可以根据词的本义或中心意义推测出来。示例：radio 收音机（本义）-无线电（具体到抽象）-无线电话、无线电报、无线电台、无线电广播事业（在“无线电”基础上引申）-向发无线电报、用无线电传送（名词转为动词）head（身体的顶部）头（中心意义）-（一切事物的顶部、顶端、前部）上端、首脑、源头、带头人、要点（次要意义）power能力（中心意义，泛指）-权力、体力、精力、智力、动力、电力、机械能（次要意义，专指，词义缩
6、小）-有权力的人、有影响的机构、强国、大国（抽象转为具体）-用动力发动、推动（名词转化为动词）character特征、特点-汉字（其字形源于事物的“特征”）cock（公鸡）-水龙头（外形象公鸡的头）题型应试策略I. 听力1、 高考英语听力测试的具体要求 （1）理解主旨、要义任何一段对话或独白总会围绕一个主旨或者一个中心思想展开。有时，主旨会比较明确；有时则会贯穿整个对话或独白，需考生自己来归纳、概括。（2）获取事实性的具体信息为了说明和解释主旨，对话或独白中需要一些具体信息，如时间、地点、人物、事件等。这些信息是理解和把握对话主旨必不可少的内容。此类题在高考听力试题中所占比例最大。例 1：Wh
7、en will the woman leave for Mexico?A. on ThursdayB. On FridayC. On Saturday此题考生只要听到“well take off on Saturday.”就可选得答案为C。例2：How much should the man pay?A. 5 dollars. B. 75 dollars.C. 75.05 dollars此题在考查考生听数字的微技能的同时，还特别考查了对意思的准确掌握程度。“该付与实付的区别”。答案为C。（3）对谈话的背景、说话者之间的关系等能做出简单的推断谈话的背景及谈话者之间的关系对话语的含义有着举足轻重的
8、作用。对谈话背景、谈话者之间关系的理解程度，在一定程度上可以体现一个人对口语的理解能力，因而也是听力测试所要考查的重点项目之一。例 1：Where does the conversation take place? (NMET2004第6题)A. In a hotel.B. At a booking office.C. At a friends house.此题要求考生根据谈话内容来判断谈话发生的场所。从 “well try to get you the same room”很容易得到答案为A.例 2：What will the man probably do in a few days? A
9、. Fly to another countryB. Come to the same hotel.C. Drive here to visit friends.此题考查考生在整体理解的基础上作相应判断。根据 “We are driving to the south of Spain in the next couple of days. And we may come back this way.” 可得答案B（4）理解说话者的意图、观点或态度一般来讲，说话者总会有说话的意图，或提出、回答问题，或阐述自己的想法，或表明自己的态度或意见。这在很大程度上有助于对整个对话的理解。有时，说话者的意图
10、或观点是明说出来的，有时则隐含在对话的字里行间，需要听者自己去揣摩。推断。例：How does the woman feel at the beginning of the conversation? A.Angry. B.Surprised C. Sad该段对话讲述了一位女士邮购了一只包，结果收到的却不是她要的那只，后来打电话抱怨。了解这一点就很容易选到答案A。2、听力障碍 在听力过程中，考生常会碰到心理、语言（语音、词汇、语法）、文化背景、记忆等障碍。如：学生常遇到这样的情况：听时什么都懂，但听了后面忘了前面，全部听完后，主旨、大意弄明白了，可具体细节却记不清或记不准了。因而遇到提问有关细
11、节的题时，只好凭感觉或模糊记忆去猜测答案。由此看来，记忆障碍在很大程度上影响听力解题的正确率。同时考生应注意避免对重复信息的过度关注。有时听力材料中会重复出现一些词语，但并不一定是答题的关键。考生往往会误认为这是重点词句，反而会影响答题的正确性。3、高考英语听力应试技巧和解题方法高考英语听力测试与其它测试相比，有其特殊性，它要求考生从头到尾按顺序往下听，听完每段对话和独白后，要在规定的时间内做出选择，没有“回头看”的可能性。因此，掌握一些听力应试技巧，对于在考场上正常发挥水平，取得理想的成绩尤为重要。（1 ）学会预测 预测是在做听力理解之前根据各种暗示，如所给答案选项，段落或对话标题等已有知识
12、，对即将听到的段落或对话内容进行预测。 从答案选项中预测 . 从说话人口气预测： ( 2 ) 做简要笔记 听录音时快速、准确、简要地记下有关信息（包括数字、人名、地名、关键词），前提是不要影响跟听速度，采用自己习惯的符号。 例：How much will the man pay for the tickets? A.$18 B. $24 C. $30 原文：W: Tickets for the movie are $ 6 for adults, half price for children. M: All right, Id like three tickets for adults and
13、 two tickets for children, please. 如笔记可简化为：$ 6 A（A代表adult），C代表children,3A+2C或6 A(3)+ half C(2) ( 3 ) 听清数据，简要记下，加以运算。数字类问题分辨别类和计算类两种： 要注意区分-teen和-ty及four和five的发音；辨别多位数，如电话号码，门牌等。 计算时间、钱款、距离、年龄、人或物的数量等；听出数字间的关系，更要听清问题，因为对运算方法的要求通常寓于问题中；注意more, less, as much(many)as, another, double, a couple of; to, p
14、ast, quarter; 记住时间是60进制 如出现几个数字，应注意鉴别问的是那一个。 例：At what time does the office open？ A. At 8:15 B. At 8: 30 C. At 7:45 从常识判断，办公时间往往以整点开始，而不会在几点几分。 听力原文：M: I wonder why the office is still not open. W: But its not yet eight. In fact, its only a quarter to eight. (4 ) 抓住关键，对症下药 听力考试常出现以Where提问的问句，考生要通过对话
15、的具体情节和背景判断对话发生的地点。一般来说，特定场景的用语和关键词是基本固定的，考生要对此多了解，熟悉明白。在遇到Where does the conversation take place?/ Where does sb. work?/ Whats his job?之类的问题时，就会派上用场。如： (5 ) 较长对话和短文的理解 抓听首句和首段有助于整体理解文章 结尾部分所给出的信息不一定是题目的正确答案，可能只是一个陷阱 推理思路要正确 语境中抓要点 独白部分（即第十段材料）可分为四种类型： * 人物与故事型：叙述人物的经历和成就，要抓住故事发展线索，所问问题多属事实细节题* 普通知识型
16、： 内容涉及面较广，问题以事实细节题居多* 社会科学型： 涉及到文化教育、社会治安、代沟问题、就业问题、妇女问题、人口问题、环境保护、国家发展等。问题常涉及独白的主题或题目，故需作推理判断。* 科普知识型： 主要涉及自然科学、如生物、物理、海洋、计算机、医学、气象、科学发明等。如遇技术词汇和术语，可利用语境线索猜词义。 (6 ) 果断选题，学会放弃 相信第一感觉，当机立断，决不能反反复复，不可因一题失多题，影响后面的答题。II. 单项填空:（15分，15小题，力争78分钟内完成）1、命题特点：综观近几年的高考英语试题，单项填空题的命题有如下特点：1进一步强化语境因素，增加了语法知识与语言环境的
17、综合运用，体现了高考试题“注重语境，强调运用”的指导思想。2涉及知识面广，涵盖了交际、时态、语态、冠词、形容词、副词、动词（词组）、非谓语动词、定语从句以及状语从句等。其中动词一直是单项填空题考查的重点。3总体难度略有下降，基本剔除了以前的偏题、怪题。4语境设置更为真实、自然、巧妙。词汇、语法知识越考越活。 2、解题技巧：1）注意分析句子结构，注意句式变化，确定选择方向。一个句子所使用的标点符号、有无连词，往往起着决定性的作用；而插入语、省略语等，在一定程度上干扰考生的思维。请比较以下各题：【例1】George Orwell, _ was Eric Arthur, wrote many pol
18、itical novels and essays. （2004北京第26题） A. the real nameB. what his real name C. his real nameD. whose real name 【分析】根据题干中的逗号，但无连词的特点，排除A、C项。再根据定语从句的结构，确定答案为D。【例2】 some of this juiceperhaps youll like it. （2000年北京春季第23题） A. Trying B. Try C. To try D. Have tried【分析】根据题中所给信息，可以断定这里的破折号用于解释说明。去掉破折号后面的附加
19、信息，可以看出是个祈使句。因此，答案为B。【例3】The largest collection ever found in England was one of about 200,000 silver pennies, all of _ over 600 years old. A. themB. whichC. itD. that （自SB2 Lesson 22改编）【分析】考生很有可能选B，但仔细分析这个句子，我们不难发现，主句与后面的内容用逗号隔开，而逗号后又不是个完整的句子，不能构成定语从句，只能通过同位语的方式完成句子。因此，答案为A。【例4】If you are planning
20、to spend your money having fun this week, better _ ityouve got some big bills coming.A. forget B. forgot C. forgetting D. to forget （2004广东第32题）【分析】此题最大的干扰项是D，考生误以为“Its better to do sth.”的句型结构。实际是better前省略了you d，考查“had better do sth.”的固定结构。因此，答案为A。【例5】Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than t
21、o the others , , of course , made the others envy him . （2004天津第23题）A. who B. that C. what D. which【分析】从此题的选项及标点符号可确定为定语从句的选择，只是在定语从句中插入了of course。因此，答案为D。More exercises1. On Saturday afternoon, Mr. Green went to the market, _ some bananas and visited his cousin. (91) A. bought B. buying C. to buy D
22、. buy2. Is this factory _ you visited last Friday? A. which B. Where C. the one D. there3. It was only when I reread his poems recently _ I began to appreciate their beauty. A. until B. that C. then D. so4. Is the man _you were seen on that evening your boyfriends? A. who B. whom C to whom D. with w
23、hom5. Who did the teacher _ an article for the newspaper? A. has write B. has written C. have write D. have written6. It was said _ was all _ he said. A. that that; that B. that that; what C. which it; that D. that what; that7. A mans worth lies not so much in _ he has as in _ he is. A. what; who B.
24、 what; what C. that; what D. that; which8. A. modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago. (04Tianjin) A. what B. which C. that D. where9. _ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account. (05 Shanghai) A. What is required B What requi
25、res C. It is required D. It requires10. Rather than _ on a crowded bus, he always prefers _ a bicycle. (94) A. ride; ride B. riding; ride C. ride; to ride D. to ride; riding11. - I havent heard from Henry for a long time. (Shanghai 97) - What do you suppose _ to him. A. is happened B. has happened C
26、. happened D. is happening12. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year. A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry outKeys 1-6 A C B D C A 7-12 B A C C B C2）认真分析语境，准确理解和把握信息。在单项填空中，一些词或词组常常含有某个特定的信息，而这些信息往往对分析问题、解决问题起着暗示作用。【例1】- You havent lost the tic
27、ket, have you?- _. I know its not easy to get another one at the moment. （2004江苏第28题）A. I hope not B. Yes, I have C. I hope so D. Yes, Im afraid so【分析】根据答语的第二句“目前弄到一张票很不容易”的信息提示，答案为A。【例2】Everyone was on time for the meeting - Chris, whos usually ten minutes late for everything. A. but B. only C. eve
28、n D. yet （2004湖南第27题）【分析】Everyone是本句的信息词，说明 Chris 也准时参加会议。因此， 答案为C。【例3】- Sorry to have interrupted you. Please go on.- Where was I?- You _ you didnt like your fathers job.（2004北京春季第24题）A. had saidB. saidC. were sayingD. had been saying【分析】此题考查时态的活用。根据语境得知，后者的回答应该针对停止的那一刻在说什么，故应用过去进行时。因此，答案为C。More ex
29、ercises:1. -When shall we meet again? - Make it _ day you like; its all the same to me(96) A. one B. any C. another D. same2. -Hey, look where you are going? - Oh, I am terribly sorry._(99)A. I am not noticing B. I wasnt noticing C. I havent noticed D. I dont notice3. - Would you mind if I have some
30、 time off? - _ - Monday and Tuesday of the week A. Certainly not. B. I dont mind. C. Whats the date? D. When exactly?4. Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in. A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying5. - Has Sam finished his homework tod
31、ay? - I have no idea. He _ it this morning. A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done6. - Isnt that Anns husband over there? - No, it _ be him. Im sure he doesnt wear glasses. A. cant B. must not C. wont D. may not7. My mind wasnt on what he was saying so Im afraid I _ half of it.(04) A. was missi
32、ng B. had missed C. will miss D. missed8. - Are the new rules working? - Yes. _ books are stolen. (99)A. Few B. More C. Some D. None9. - Can you come on Monday or Tuesday? - I am afraid _ day is possible. (98) A. either B. neither C. some D. any10. You were silly not _ your car. (04 湖南) A. to lock B
33、. to have locked C. locking D. having lockedKeys 1-5 B B D A C 6-10 A D A B B 3）正确理解句意，避免定势思维。在学习过程中，尤其是复习阶段，教师往往就一些常见的、重要的词、词组及句型加以反复强调，以加深学生的印象，学生因此而可能形成思维的定势。【例1】Were going to _ with some friends for a picnic. Would you like to join us? （2004北京春季第27题）A. get in B. get over C. get alongD. get toget
34、her【分析】考生很可能选择C项，get along with sb.“与相处”。但根据句意，此处应为“欢聚”之意。因此，答案为D。【例2】-I cant find Mr. Smith. Where did you meet him this morning?- It was in the hotel _ he stayed. A. whereB. whichC. the oneD. that【分析】此题最大的干扰项是D，考生很可能把它看作强调结构。但根据句意，它要表达的是“在他呆的宾馆里找到他的”。所以，实际上是在stayed后省略了that I found him，即全句可完整地表达为It
35、 was in the hotel where he stayed that I found him。因此，答案为A。 More exercises:1.- Have you seen _ pen? I left it here this morning. - Is it _ black one? I think I saw it somewhere. A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a2. She cant help _ the house because she is busy making a cake.(shanghai 97) A. to
36、clean B. cleaning C. cleaned D. being cleaned3. - Alice, you feed the bird today, _? - But I fed it yesterday. (99) A. do you B. will you C. didnt you D. dont you4. I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with _. A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothingKeys D A B A 4）排除母语干扰，规范英
37、语表达。英汉两种语言在表达上存在很大的差异，考生很可能会用汉语的思维方式去认识和解决英语中的问题，掉入命题人设置的陷阱。【例1】Were all the three people in the car injured in the accident? No, only the two passengers who got hurt.A. it wasB. there wasC. there wereD. there had【分析】考生很可能误选C。因为，考生想表达“不，只有两个人受伤”，很可能用“There be”结构表达自己的思想。但是，本句实际采用了强调结构，强调“only the two
38、 passengers”。因此，正确答案为A。【例2】- Excuse me, _? - Thats $35.76 altogether , madam.A. how much is the meal weve hadB. but can I take your orderC. could I have the bill, pleaseD. would you please take the money【分析】根据中国人的表达习惯，考生很可能会选择A，“我们一共吃了多少钱？”。但在英美文化中，往往会说“请结帐，好吗？”。因此，答案为C。【例3】_, tears came to his eyes
39、.A. Reading the letterB. He was reading the letterC. When he was reading the letterD. The letter was being read【分析】句意要表达的是“读着这封信，眼泪都出来了”，每一个选项都有可能成为考生的选择对象。根据解题技巧1，排除选项B、D。又根据分词的结构特点，排除A项。因此，正确答案为C。5）注意学会还原法(1) 被动语态还原为主动语态. 1. John was made _ the truck for a week as a punishment. A. to wash B. wash
40、C. washing D. to be washing(2) 复合句分解成简单句. 2. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _ went wrong again. A. it B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repaired(3) 疑问句还原陈述句. 3. a. Is this the school _ we visited last year? （B） b. Is this school _ we visited last year? (A)
41、A. the one B. that C. at which D. one(4) 感叹句还原成陈述句. 4. Oh, John! _ you gave us! A. How a pleasant surprise B. How pleasant surprise C. What a pleasant surprise D. What pleasant surprise(5) 倒装语序还原成正常语序5. So difficult _ it to live in an English speaking country that I determined to learn English well.
42、 A. I have left B. have I left C. I did feel D. did I feel(6)强调结构还原成常见的陈述结构。6. It was for this reason _ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village. A. which B. why C. that D. how(7)简单句还原成复合句7. Will those _ the children from abroad come to the headmasters office? A. teaching
43、B. teach C. who teaches D. who teaching8. The old man, _ abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. A. to work B. working C. to have worked D. having worked6）情景会话单选题解题四忌 忌上词下用 上词下用指的是答句部分延用了题干句子的重点词、信息词，按表层意思似乎合情合理，但往往为错误的虚象，需经进一步分析后才能确定正确选项。 典型的例子如用I dont应答Dont forget to come to
44、 my birthday party tomorrow ，用Dont be sorry回答Im sorry I broke your mirror，以及用No thanks回答 Thank you ever so much for the book you sent me.。如何避免上词下用这样的错误呢? 一是确认题目涉及的功能项目；二是确认句子上下文语境；三是确认正确的话语方式。【例1】-I wonder if I could use your telephone. - _ . (1996上海) A.I wonder how B.I dont wonder C. Sorry, its out
45、 of order D. No wonder, here it 【分析】尽管该题中反复出现wonder一词，但通过仔细审题可确定其考查的功能项目为征求对方意见，问句相当于Could I use your telephone?，综合语境和话题的分析，正确的答话方式一般为Of course you can.(肯定)或Sorry, you cant.(否定)，所以只有C项符合题意，A、B、D项均属典型的上词下用现象，而且D项中的No wonder意思为难怪，更是和题干内容相差甚远。 忌中文思维 与上词下用比较，这一误区更具迷惑性，因为无论按题目内容或是按思维方式来考虑，都十分符合中国学生的习惯。显然
46、，掌握英汉两种语言和文化之间的相同和相异之处，对于准确解题至关重要。学生解题失误之一是按汉语的表达方式和结构去套英语，去选答案，这属于语言知识的负迁移。 【例2】 -Do you think its going to rain over the weekend? - _ . (NMET 1994)A. I dont believe B. I dont believe it C. I believe not so D. I believe not 【分析】 答案为D。以Do you think.?这样的句子来提问，用D项来回答表示否定，显然不符合中文的表达习惯，这也正是许多学生选了A、B、C项的
47、原因。 另一个更常见的失误是套用中国文化模式。违背英语国家的思维方式和文化习俗，这属于文化方面的负迁移。此类例子有： 1. -Id like to invite you to dinner tomorrow. -Oh, no. Thatll be too much trouble. (正确答话为：Im very sorry, but.) 2. -Thank you ever so much for the book you sent me. -Please dont say so. (正确答话：Im glad you like it.) 3. -Hi, havent seen you for
48、ages! You look fine! -Oh, no. (正确答话可为：Thanks. You look well, too.) 忌直接回绝 这主要是指在对方要求得到帮助，提出请求或邀请时，回答过于直接，不够委婉，尽管从语义角度分析是没毛病的，但不符合英语语言国家的交际习惯。请求方面的问话有May I.?/Can I.?/I wonder if I could./Do you mind if I.?等，邀请方面的问话有Will you.?/Would you like to.?/Id like to invite to.等。在作否定回答时，为了表示礼貌和委婉，通常要用一些委婉词，如but,
49、 Im afraid, Im sorry, thanks, please, had better等。【例3】-I didnt know this was a one-way street, officer. -_. (2000,上海) A. Thats all right. B. I dont believe you. C. How dare you say that? D. Sorry, but thats no excuse. 【分析】许多考生可能选了B、C项，这是没有注意到西方人生活、工作中交往的必要礼节，答话时过于生硬，没有顾及他人感情，而正确答案D项正是在充分考虑到说话双方的身份，彼
50、此之间的关系以及说话人的立场和态度的基础上做出的正确选择。 忌答非所问 应该说答非所问的错误比较容易察觉，如果问话与答话的内容风马牛不相及的话，我们可以迅速排除。但有时双方会话内容有所关联，但仔细推敲发现其实答语并不切题。最典型的例子是With pleasure.和Its a pleasure.。前者一般在事前回答 ，表示没问题，非常愿意。后者一般在事后回答，表示不必感谢，不用客气。类似的例子有：1. -Let me introduce myself. Im Albert. -What a pleasure. (正确答话可为：Pleased to meet you.) 2. -Im sorry
51、 I broke your mirror. -Oh, really? Its OK with me. (正确答话可为：It doesnt matter.) 要避免此类错误，一要掌握常用的功能意念会话项目，特别是一些口语式的固定搭配；二要理解对话场合和意图，理出答题总之，高考单项填空题虽说只有15个小题，但是考查内容涉及面广，并突出了综合性和语境化的特点。解题时，应结合语境，灵活使用语法、词汇知识，透过现象看本质，从而达到分析问题和解决问题的最终目的。More exercises1. Hi, havent seen you for ages! You look fine. _. You look
52、 well, too.A. Great B. Thanks C. Oh, no D. Not at all2. Waiter! _.- I cant eat this. It salty. A. Yes, sir? B. What? C. All right? D. Pardon?3. I am sorry I broke your mirror. Oh, really? _. A. Its OK with me B. It doesnt matter C. Dont be sorry D. I dont care4. Do you think I could borrow your dict
53、ionary? _. A. Yes, you may borrow B. Yes, you could C. Yes, help yourself D. Yes, so on5. How often do you eat out? _, but usually once a week. A. Have no idea B. Never mind C. It depends D. It doesnt matterKeys B A B C C * 辨析题：1._ is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer.A. That
54、B. Which C. As D. It_ is known to the world is _ Mark Twain is a great American writer.A. It, thatB. What, /C. As, / D. What, thatMark Twain is a great American writer, _ is known to the world.A. it B. thatC. whichD. what2. If the building project _ by the end of this month is delayed, the construct
55、ion company will be fined.A. is completedB. being completed C. to be completedD. completedThe disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.A. recordedB. recordingC. to be recorded D. having recorded The bridge, _ now, will connect the two towns when completed.A. to be c
56、onstructed B. constructedC. having been constructedD. being constructed3. You _ have done all those calculations! We have a computer to do that sort of thing.A. needntB. must notC. shouldntD. cannot-Why didnt he take the driving test? - He _ it because he has got a driving license.A. neednt have tak
57、enB. couldnt have taken itC. didnt need to takeD. neednt take4. She had gone through just a few carriages _ she found herself at the front of the train.A. beforeB. whileC. afterD. asI had just gone to bed after a tiring day _ the phone rang loud enough to wake up the dead.A. asB. whenC. afterD. as5.
58、 _ I admit that there are problems, I dont agree that they cannot be solved.A. WhileB. SinceC. AsD. IfI do every single bit of housework _ my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.A. sinceB. whileC. whenD. as-Im going to the post office. - _ youre there, can you get me some stamps?A. As B. W
59、hileC. BecauseD. If6. To keep healthy , Professor Smith _ cycling as a regular form of exercise after he retired.A. caught onB. carried outC. made forD. took upHelen always helps her mother even though going to school _ most of her day.A. takes upB. makes upC. saves upD. puts upKeys: 1. CDC 2. CAD 3
60、. AC 4. AB, 5. ABB 6. DA省重点高级中学2007年高三英语高考完形填空题型迎考策略1、考点提示设空注重在语境中考查词义。这一特点，很好地反映了从重点测试语言形式转向重点测试语言意义的改革方向，反映了“强调应用，注重交际”的命题原则。完形填空题的4个备选答案，一般都属于同一词类，同一语义范畴，而且往往都和设空前后的单词形成某种搭配，这样便形成了很强的迷惑性和干扰性。设空的分类。设空的答案有的由一个句子决定，有的由相邻不远的一组句子决定，还有的由语篇内容综合决定。因此，设空分为：句子层次；句组层次；语篇层次。设空的答案有的由已读过的上文决定，有的由未读过的下文决定，还有的要综
61、合上下文而定。所以设空又可分为三类：（1）前制性设空；（2）后制性设空；（3）语篇性设空。不言而喻，前制性设空难度低，后制性设空难度较高，语篇性设空难度最高。一般说来，三个层次的设空比例各占三分之一。但是，从近年来的高考试题看，语篇层次设空的比例有所增加，超过了三分之一，反映出“突出语篇”的命题思路。完形填空题有三个难点：一是4个备选项有很强的迷惑性和干扰性；二是句组层次和语篇层次设空所占的比例高，超过三分之二，尤其是语篇性设空所占的比例超过三分之一；三是后制性设空，尤其是语篇层次后制性设空，难度大。有的答案提示一直到篇末才出现。考生要逾越这些难点，不仅需要具备熟练扎实的词句知识，而且需要具备
62、很强的阅读理解能力以及逻辑推理、判断分析的能力。从深层来讲还要具备良好的语言经验和自觉的语言意识。只有具备了这些综合素质，考生才能顺利“完形”。从历年高考试题看，正是由于试题的这些特点使这一题型体现了很好的区分度。 为了让考生迅速进入主题，为理解文章奠定基础，命题者在设计完形填空题时，总是保留一个完整或基本完整的句子不设空。这个不设空的句子就是提示句，往往出现在文章的开头。通过提示句，考生可以确定文章的话题、主题、背景、人物、时间、地点、事件等，也可以确定文体，从而适当地把握文章的发展方向，达到顺利“完形”的目的。文章的其余部分也可能出现一些不设空的句子，或者即使设空、但主干信息仍然能够读懂的
63、句子，也可以作为提示句。2、策略指导（1）解题步骤第一步：跳读首尾句，判断文体，预测主题。一般来讲，高考完形填空的首、尾句是不挖空的，先跳读这两句，便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什么。若首句交代了when, where, who, what,即四个W，那么就是记叙文，很可能就是一个故事，为了测试语篇的理解能力，出题者特别注意选材的趣味性，其结尾往往出人意料，耐人寻味；若首句是提出或解释说明某事物，一般来说是说明文；若首句提出一个论点，那么就是议论文。第二步：通读全文，把握大意。做完形填空时要注意文章开头提示句的点题作用和短文中完整句的启示作用。首先要快速浏览全文，弄清各段落之间，各层次之间的内在联系
64、，把握文章的完整性。只有这样才符合这种题型的解题思路。第三步：逐句细读，确定选项。大致把握了全文的大意和作者的意图之后，就可以根据上下文，选取与文意最贴切的选项。此时，应遵循先易后难的原则，对有把握的选项“一锤定音”。对没有把握的选项不妨先放一放，接着往下看，往往会出现“柳暗花明”的情况。第四步：再次阅读，复查答案。复查时从意义和语法两个角度考虑，着眼于全篇。特别注意的是，我们所选的是“最佳”选项而不是“正确”答案。上述三步可概括为：一步粗读寻思路，二步细读选答案，三步复读纠错误，若能沉着照此办，胸有成竹少失误。 （2 ）解题技巧. 根据上下文语境来确定最佳选项 近年来的完形填空试题在选项的设
65、置上越来越淡化语法结构，重在文意的干扰，即把具体的语言知识溶进具体的语言情景中去，考查考生通过上下文的前后提示或暗示，对整体文意进行把握的能力。这种考查方式所占的比例较大，且难度也大，若单纯从句子或个别段落来分析，或许所给的四个答案在语法和结构上都是正确的，若放在全局，则不一定正确。因此，快速浏览全文，领悟文章主旨，通过上下文的语境来选择答案是解决这类题的关键。 例1 (2004浙江卷) Bob had just made a “motherhood contract(合同)”declaring that for 70 days this summer he would 37 the care
66、 of their four children and all the housework. Although he didnt even know how to make coffee when he signed, he was very confident. After 40 of the 70 days, he was ready to give up. “ I was beaten down, “ admits Bob. “Not only is motherhood a 40 task, it is an impossible job for any normal human be
67、ing.”.37. A. stick to B. set about C. think about D. take over40. A. strangeB. pleasant C. difficultD. serious 解析37题从语法角度考虑四个选项都可以接受，但是从上下文考虑，文章中我们可以读到男主人和女主人之间是自愿签订了一个代替母亲做家务和照看孩子70天的合同。所以，自签订合同之日起，他将接替妻子所有的家务。D（ take over）选项从词义和语法上都符合上下文。40题可以从上文 的beaten down和下文的 impossible job可以判断出选择C（difficult）。
68、. 根据生活常识及文化背景知识进行逻辑推理 完形填空往往以自身的内容提供完整的语篇信息，其间交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识和生活常识，考查考生灵活运用该方面知识的能力。解决这类题目，考生不仅要有广博的知识、丰富的生活经历，还要能够驾驭全文，不仅理解文章的表层意义，而且要弄清文章的深层意义。当对语言的把握不很准确时，可充分利用社会文化知识和生活常识来帮助判断。例2 But we ran so much that, afterwards, we had trouble 45 .A. speakingB. sleepingC. breathingD. moving解析第45小题 根据常识，一般跑得
69、太多的结果是气喘吁吁，所以选breathing，表示跑后“喘不过气来”；而speaking和 sleeping都不是跑步所带来的特有结果；如果跑后不能moving（动）了，那就对身体损伤太大了，所以这个词太过分。. 根据词语的习惯用法和固定搭配来选择答案 词的固定搭配，特别是动词的搭配在完形填空题中出现的比例也是比较大的，多数题目涉及到动词的用法和各种搭配关系，这是由动词在句子中的重要性决定的。动词在搭配关系上与名词、介词、副词的用法紧密相关。解决这类题目要求考生多读、多记，对所学词语或固定搭配牢固掌握，并能灵活运用。例3 , for example, the neatly-dressed w
70、oman I used to see - or look at - on my way to work each morning.A. Make B. Take C. Give D. Have解析本题掌握take for example这一固定搭配可知答案为B (Take)。 . 根据词汇的意义及用法辨析词义从而确定答案 要做好这种题目，必须尽量将词语辨析与情节推理和逻辑推理结合起来，从词汇意义入手，抓住情节线索解决问题。例4 When the papers were , she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the same mis
71、takes throughout the test.A. examined B. completed C. marked D. answered解析 本题考查动词辨义。空白处需要一个动词的过去分词与were 构成谓语。 各个选项都有可能是正确答案，迷惑项有较强的干扰性，因为该词可以构成考生比较熟悉的动宾搭配：examined the papers （审查试卷）、completed the papers（完成试卷）、marked the papers(批阅试卷)、answered the papers (回答试卷)。可下文是 “she discovered that twelve boys ha
72、d made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test.（他发现 12个学生在考试中犯了完全一样的错误）”， 老师只有在“批阅给分”时才有可能发现这种情况，所以正确答案应为C(marked)。 由于许多词汇在上下文中以不同形式反复出现，请注意以下几点： (1) 同一词上下文复现：很多正确选项常是上文或下文中出现的词。 (2) 同义词复现：and连接两同义的词或句子。happy and gay； unhappy and disappointed. (3) 反义词复现： but 连接两个含义相对的词：small but neat； expensiv
73、e but tasty； gave them reason to reflect on their past and plan for their future.(4) 词汇链即不同词类的联想：如：believe和belief；think和thought；repairman 和fix ones car.(5) 词义深层内涵的区别：如：“普通的”在英语中有多词可用，但含义不同。common： 强调事情发生的频率，非罕见的，如common sense； ordinary： 强调事物的等级、一般和日常、平凡之含义，如：ordinary people ；usual：强调习惯；general：强调大多数
74、，较少例外；normal：含义为标准的，常态的。 利用语法分析解题 完形填空题中也有考查语法知识的题目。对于他们，考生不仅要理解上下文的逻辑关系，更要有针对性地对语法结构、句式特点，对短文中所设空格中需填的词在句子里作什么成分，哪类词合适，应采取什么形式等等进行必要的分析思考，从而迅速解决问题。比如，选用动词就要考虑各种时态、语态、语气、谓语形式、非谓语形式、及物、不及物、持续性质、非持续性质、主谓搭配以及其如何与其它词类配合使用等一系列问题。熟练地掌握基础语法知识并运用其进行分析解答完形填空题是一种非常有效的解题方法。 例5(2003全国卷) I played a racquetball g
75、ame against my cousin Ed last week. It was one of the most surprising and tiring games Ive ever had. When Ed first phoned and we play, I laughed quietly, figuring on an easy victory. A. declared B. mentioned C. persuaded D. suggested解析 分析句子结构可看出we play应为宾语从句，只有suggest后的宾语从句的谓语用should加动词原形，should省略。又
76、如：（2004天津卷）I was leaving 49 several girls camp up to me.A. whileB. whenC. as D. since解析 “be doing when”为常用句子结构，意思为“正在这个时候.”。所以选B.（ when）。利用语篇标志解题 语篇一般指比单个句子长的语言单位，如句群，段落、篇章等。语篇与语篇之间往往有表明其内在联系的词语，这些词语可称为语篇标志。如：表示结构层次的语篇标志语有：firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally等。表示逻辑关系的有：thus， therefore，so等；表示改变话题的有：by
77、 the way等 ；表示递进关系的有besides, what is more, further等; 表示时间关系的有 before, so far, yet, meantime, meanwhile, now, later等等。在做完形填空题时，如果能充分利用这些语篇标志语，就可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文的关系。例6 （2004北京卷） What laughing 42 we had about the 43 respectable method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth. 44 , I wanted to write abou
78、t that, but I wanted to 45 it down simply for my own 46 , not for Mr. Fleagle, my composition teacher. 47 , I would write something else.44. A. Especially B. Probably C. Suddenly D. Fortunately解析第44小题考查依据语篇标志语做出判断的能力。文章一开始作者谈到由于写作文引发的一段回忆，回忆后提到“I wanted to write about it”。especially表示程度上的递进, 与上下文不符。
79、 fortunately不符合语境， probably与“I wanted to write about it”前后矛盾，所以C（suddenly）为最佳选项。利用排除法解题 有时我们会遇上这样的情况：对某个题目的正确选项的含义、用法不甚明了、但发现其它选项却有显而易见的谬误，这时候我们可以试试排除法：将干扰项逐项检查验证，凡发现有错误的选项，立即剔除出选择范围。随着选择范围的缩小，选项的准确率就会不断提高。经过这样分析推敲弃误留正，便会水落石出，找出正确答案。排除法如果运用得好，可以收到事半功倍的效果。例7 Waiting above the crowded streets, on top
80、of a building 110 stories high, was Philippe Petit. This daring Frenchman was about to 31 a tightrope (绷索) between the two towers of the World Trade Center.A. throw B. walk C. climb D. fix解析考生如果对walk作及物动词的用法不是很熟悉，很难直接选出答案。在这种情况下运用排除法就会非常方便实用。我们可以先将明显不合题意的三项A、C、D排除掉。因为下文中提到 Philippe Petit 在绷索上走了七个来回（
81、Philippe Petit made seven trips, back and forth）。所以很明显这个大胆的法国人不是在两楼之间扔（throw）绳子，也不是顺着绳子朝上攀登(climb)，更不是在两座楼间固定(fix)绳子。剩下的B(walk)当然是正确答案了。摆脱定势逆向思维 考生如果学习方法不当，对某些知识点进行了过度强调，就会产生思维定势。例如过度强调make sb. do sth. 这一结构，当看到 make sb. 时就会不假思索地用不带to的不定式do sth.作宾语补足语。其实make sb. 后面也有可能接不定式短语的。如：The father made a pape
82、r tiger to please his son. 不过to please his son 不是宾语补足语，而是目的状语。思维定势使一些考生形成猜题的心理。完形填空题中常利用反猜手段设计一些似是而非的题目，利用学生的思维定势，诱导学生“误入歧途”。 例8 I was very thin when I started football, but as a member of this team I wouldnt eat much, because I was afraid of being too 48 to run. I feared making mistakes, and the ad
83、ded pressure caused me to make more than my usual 49 .48. A. fullB. tiredC. lazyD. big49. A. sizeB. shareC. spaceD. state解析第49小题前面提到making mistakes（犯错）及make more（犯更多错），根据意义应该找一个能代替错误的名词，本句句意并不是在讨论错误大小，size显然不对，它与more也不搭配；space（空间）、state（状态）都与错误没关系；B. share（份儿） 可以表示在错误中所占比例，与前面的more联系起来，可以说明犯更多的错。可是不
84、少考生由于受定势思维影响，不敢选share，似乎永远在分东西时，才用share，而从没想过“错误”也用它，这充分证明学生的语言体验不足、掌握词义比较死板；其次也说明他们缺少把上下文与空白之间进行逻辑联系的能力。 总之，完形填空解题时要注意运用适当的技巧，克服急躁心理，试着从上下文角度、文化背景角度、生活常识角度、惯用法和固定搭配及语法和词义角度等多角度来进行分析，也就是把多种方法结合起来。阅读理解1、阅读理解能力测试的要求（一）掌握所读材料的主旨和大意，以及用以说明主旨和大意的事实和细节；（二）既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念；（三）既理解字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等；（
85、四）既理解某句、某段的意义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理和判断；（五）既根据材料所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应有的常识去理解。2、阅读理解各题型的解题方法与技巧（1）细节理解题：一般针对某个特定的细节而提出，难度较小，属浅层理解。考生通读短文后可直接找出答题依据。细节理解题有三种题型：纯细节题、计算题、细节推断题。三类题中细节推断题一般难度较大，考生要细细推敲。从最近几年的高考题看来细节理解题占了考题的一半左右。1）、通读短文，领悟文章大意，理解文章结构层次及细节，特别注意：五个w (who, which, when, where, what), 一个h (how)以及其它特殊之
86、处例 1：Roses require a good deal of care, and if it werent for the pleasure they give, it wouldnt be worth the work. Soil conditions made just perfect for roses turn out to be even more perfect for tomatoes. The daily watering coupled with full sun and regular fertilizing(施肥) have turned the little pl
87、ant into a tall bush. The cage I placed around it as the plant grew has long since disappeared under the thick leaves.(全国卷II 2005)71What are the requirements for the healthy growth of rose? (A)AA lot of care and the right soil BFrequent pruning and fertilizing.CTomato plants grown alongside. DCages
88、placed around the roots. 数字、日期、时间等：例2：Due in part to old, inefficient batteries, Helios finished fourthout of fourin its kind, the sunpowered class. “We were there for the fun of it.” Anna says. “Were proud of Helios,” says Ariel Gleicher, 14. “Its a car thats good for the environment.”65. How many
89、sun-powered cars took part in the race? (B)A.1 B.4 C. 23 D.44 (NMET2004全国卷二) 同位语，破折号，括号，省略号等：例3：They may plan more parties or try to attract more people to join their informal talks. Some publishers have expressed interest in a book, something they say theyll consider.60. How do they like the idea o
90、f writing a book? (B)A. They have decided to wait a year or two. B. They will think about it carefully.C. They agreed immediately D. They find it hard to do that. 2)、利用排除法排除不符合原文细节的选项，剩下的正是要选择的最佳答案。考生要注意的是有时在两个难以抉择的题项之间一定要通过文章的整体意思来作出判断。（2）词句理解题：此类题要求考生正确理解短文中一些关键词、短语或句子的含义。常用的手段是利用多种表达法、词的多义性、同近义词语
91、替换、习语释义、句型或语态转换等。1)、理解题意，从短文中找到相关的词、短语或句子，根据特定的语境来判断理解，推敲斟酌，最后确定其准确含义。2）、要熟悉常见的设问形式：The underlined word in theparagraph refers to / means _. What does “ _” in paragraph stand for / mean?“_” could best be replaced by which of the following? The expression / phrase “_” means _. The word “_” is closest
92、 in meaning to _.3)、要掌握常见的猜词技巧定义；解释；同位语；）对照比较；因果；同近义词；反义词；构词法（派生、合成、转化）；语境或上下文；常识和经验；要具备有关的西方社会人文知识，逐步习惯西方人特有思维特点，如女士优先(ladies first)、人人想年轻(everyone wants to be young)、幽默感(the sense of humor)、个性坚强(strong character)、不干涉他人隐私(concept of privacy)、诚实最好(honesty is the best policy)、守时(punctuality)等。请猜测下列划线
93、部分词的意思：例4：My teenage son Karl became withdrawn after his father died. As a single parent, I tried to do my best to talk to him, but the more I tried, the more he pulled away.By saying “Karl became withdrawn”, the author means that the boy changed entirely and _. A. refused to stay alone at home B. l
94、ost interest in his studies C. refused to talk to others D. began to dislike his mother (C)（3 ）推理判断题：这一类题主要针对短文的结论、隐含意义（寓意）、作者的倾向、文章的论调、写作思路及目的等方面，要求考生纵观全文，在汇集短文提供的各项信息的基础上，严格按照短文陈述的观点或描述的事实，进行正确的、合乎逻辑的推论和引申，包括事情的前因后果、人物的目的动机和性格特征、作者的倾向态度、语言中的语态和语气等。有时还可能会假设一种情况要求考生对原文中没有提到的情况进行推理想象，对题目中提出的各种可能性进行推敲
95、，从而选出符合原文信息或作者愿意的最佳答案。1）、要熟悉常见的设问形式： We can infer / conclude from the passage that _. It can be inferred / concluded (from the passage ) that _. The passage / story / author / paragraph implies, but does not directly state that _. The authors / writers attitude（态度）towards is _. What do you think wou
96、ld happen (to) at the end of the story?例5：2005安徽卷： Just as crying can be healthy, not crying holding back tears of anger, pain or suffering can be bad for physical (身体的) health. Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure, heart problems and some other illnes
97、ses. If you have a health problem, doctors will certainly not ask you to cry. But when you feel like crying, dont fight it. Its a natural and healthy emotional response (反应).61, It can be inferred from the text that _.Athere are two ways to keep healthy Bcrying does more good to health than laughing
98、Ccrying and laughing play the same rolesDemotional health has a close relationship to physical health （D）2）、注意：干扰项的特点 *只是原文的简单复述,而非推断出来的结论,把直接表达当作间接推理 *看似从原文推断出来的结论,然而实际上与原文不符,如因果倒置,手段变目的等 *根据考生已有的常识是正确的,但是却不是基于文章,一切以文章为准 *推理过头,引申过渡 正确选项的特点 *不是文中明确说明的内容,没有引申推理就不是正确选项 *正确选项大多含义深刻,不是常识选项 秘诀:* 不能以自己的观点
99、代替作者的观点；* 推理的根据来自于上下文。 * 注意那些似乎话中有话的的间接表达句,它们往往采用说半句,打比喻,反着说的方式,让考生有推理的余地 * 注意含义深刻或结构复杂的句子. （4）归纳概括题：此类题主要针对文章的主题、中心思想、文章的结构层次（主题句或主题段）、作者的写作目的(purpose)、作者的态度等方面，要求考生在准确理解全文后归纳短文要点，概括中心思想，也包括分析和归纳段落大意、重要情节、人物特征和环境特点等。1）、领会文章大意，灵活运用概念、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法，真正准确地理解文章的话题和中心思想。秘诀：（1）注意首段和各段第一句话,将其含义连接成一个整体。 （
100、2）小心”首段陷阱”,不要一看开头就选择答案。 （3）不管主旨题出现在第几道题, 都作为最后一道题去做,因为做完其他题以后会对主旨的理解有帮助。 （4）段落中出现转折时,该句很可能是主题句 （5）作者有意识的反复重复的观点通常是主旨 （6）首段出现疑问句时,对该问题的解答就是文章主旨 （7）提出文章主旨时常伴有的文字提示：therefore, thus, but, however, in short等等。2)、 真正理清作者的态度和目的秘诀：（1）.理解四个选项词语的含义。归纳起来,常见的态度词有: opposition反对 suspicion怀疑的 approval支持 unconcerne
101、d不关心的(一般不选) optimistic乐观的 subjective主观的 objective客观的 pessimistic悲观的 sensitive 敏感的 （2）.不要搀杂自己的观点. （3）.可以寻找文中一些具有感情色彩的词 （4）.可以抓论述的主线及举例的方式3)、要熟悉常见的设问形式：（1) What is the main subject / the best title of the passage?（2) Which of the following is the best title for the passage?（3) The title that best expr
102、esses the main idea of the passage is _.（4) From the passage we know that _.（5) The main idea of this passage is _.（6) The passage is mainly about _.（7) Choose the best title for the passage.（8）Whats the purpose/attitude of ?例6：UK workers are among the least stressed in Europe, a survey has suggeste
103、d.Just 20% of British workers found their workplace too stressful compared with an average of 27% across Europe.Switzerland and Sweden suffered the highest levels of anxiety in their job (33%), the survey by global recruitment(招募) agency Kelly Services found.The poll of 19,000 people across 12 count
104、ries also found that male workers, older staff and those in steady jobs were under the greatest pressure.A certain amount of stress is inevitable and can be a good thing when it pushes people beyond their comfort zone to work harder and smarter, said Steve Girdler, marketing director of Kelly Servic
105、es UK.But high levels of prolonged stress are not good because they have an effect on productivity(生产效率) and are associated with physical and emotional illness, he warned.The group also found stress increased significantly with age - rising from 19% in the 15-24 age group to 23% for those aged 45 an
106、d above.The report suggested these workers could also be suffering from added stress at home and increased responsibility.Those working the longest hours found their job the most stressful - 18% for those working 30 hours or less, 34% for those clocking on for 41-50 hours, and 50% for those working
107、longer than 51 hours. Kelly Services also uncovered a close link between stress and job satisfaction.For those workers who said they faced too much stress, just 28% were happy in their jobs, while for those with just the right amount of stress happiness levels jumped to 65%.The findings suggest staf
108、f enjoy jobs where they face challenges that push them to learn new skills.4. The purpose of writing the passage is _.A. to offer practical tips on reducing working stressB. to find the link between stress and job satisfactionC. to seek ways to reduce the workers working stressD. to report the resul
109、t of a recent survey in Europe （D）（5 ）图示理解题：图示理解中的一般坐标方位是“上北下南，左西右东”（特别标明方位的除外）即 有时根据文章内容提供一幅或多幅图（地图、示意图或其它图形），要求考生正确判断和选择符合原文的图示。1)、先看问题和图示，再读原文，要以原文提供的事实、逻辑关系为自己思维活动的基准点，使自己的思维模式与作者写作时的思维模式相吻合，仔细研读和准确理解与图示有关的信息（词、短语或句子），分析其中的细节，找了符合图示所要求的必要条件；2)、熟悉常见的设问形式：（1) Which of the following maps gives the
110、right position of？（2) Which of the following diagrams / pictures / figures shows the correct relationship between A, B and C?（3) Which of the diagrams shows the right relation of the mentioned in the passage?（4) Which of the drawings below gives an idea of what is / looks like?例7：In the northeast of
111、 USA there are six small states. Together they are called New England. The most important state of New England is Massachusetts. Its capital city is Boston, with a population of just over half a million, which is the biggest New England city. Greater Boston is made up of 78 cities and towns. It has
112、a population of nearly 3 million which is half the population of the state of Massachusetts.69.Which of the following diagrams gives the correct relationshipbetween New England, Massachusetts and Boston?(NNew England; MMassachusetts; BBoston)3、答题步骤及注意事项答题步骤1）、先看问题，再读文章：带着问题阅读短文，确定主攻方向，特别要注意首尾段和首尾句，把
113、握文章的主题和脉络，摘取有用的材料，舍弃无关的信息，有的放矢、高效省时。2）、细读全文，认真推敲：针对测试题的要求，细心阅读与问题有关的词汇、句子或段落，要特别留心一些关键信息词，它们既是测试的重点，又是把握全文意思的突破口，因此，必须准确判断，仔细斟酌，以便选出最佳答案。3）、推敲词义、分析长句：阅读中如碰到生词、考生要通过上下文、词缀、复合词的一些构造、词形的转化来猜测词义，碰到长句时，考生要学会把长句层层剥开，找出主干，然后再看修饰成分，降低理解的难度，以便充分理解文章。4）、复读全文，验证答案：在选出全部答案后，应将答案带入问题中重读全文，看前后意思是否贯通，有无矛盾，若前后不一致或意
114、思矛盾，则要考虑重选答案。注意事项：1）所选有据，避免主观。阅读他人之作，理解他人之意，必须以作者的思维模式为准绳，以原文提供的事实、细节和逻辑关系为自己思维活动的基准点，切忌把自己的观点和看法与原文或作者的观点和看法混为一谈，自以为是。文章中的数字、日期、时间、表限量的词或短语等都是设题的重点，若只注意明显的内容，正好走进了实的陷阱。若不注意虚的内容，想当然答题也必错无疑。因此，必须学会“虚实结合”。2）符合原文的答案=正确答案最佳答案。阅读题要求选的最佳答案，有的答案从某个枝节来看是对的，但从全文来看则不是最佳的，因此，必须通盘考虑，取主要，舍枝节。3）解题有法，但无定法，贵在得法。要答好
115、阅读理解题，必须多读、巧读和善思，要不断扩大词汇量，拓宽阅读面，提高阅读速度。同时也要探索和总结适合自己的学习方法或技巧。实践出真知，多练出效益。V. 对话填空I、对话填空的测试要求 对话填空题是今年江苏试题首推的新题型，它既不同于以前的单词拼写题和2000年前高考的补全对话题，也不同于完形填词题，需要综合多方面的能力，如阅读能力、推理能力、语言交际能力、词汇拼写能力等。 对话填空的选材是一段情景丰富的对话，具有明显的口语特征，语言地道。考查考生的熟练掌握语言基础知识的能力，尤其是重点语法知识，如名词的单、复数、动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、代词、形容词、副词、介词、连词等，注意所填词的适当形
116、式，及其拼写的准确。II、对话填空的解题技巧1、 通读对话，了解对话的语境和内容。 在快速跳读对话的时候，不必太注重细节，要领悟对话语境和内容及其所使用的时态等信息，体会上下文之间的逻辑关系。2、 逐句慎填，注意语法知识的灵活运用。 在理解了上下文逻辑关系的基础上，开始填词的时候，要针对性地对语法结构、句式特点、对话中所设空格中需填入的词在句中作什么成分、属于哪类词性、采取什么形式等进行综合的分析，并注意从词语的习惯用法、固定搭配、文化背景知识等方面综合考虑，从而正确写出单词。 对于初填时有的空格没有写出的，可以先跳此空，继续往下做。空格越少，对文章的理解越准确。有时也能根据下文的线索和暗示找
117、到答案。3、 核查答案，确保所填词的正确无误。 单词填好后，不可孤立地检查单词，而应将所填的词代入对话中，复读对话，仔细检查该词是否符合上下文的逻辑关系，全篇对话是否通畅，是否符合句法，单词拼写和形式是否正确等等。 总之，在做对话填空时，考生要在通读的基础上，把握各部分之间的逻辑关系，充分理解对话的内容和说话人的意图，并灵活运用所学的语法知识，将对话补充完整，使其意义通顺，前后连贯，合乎语法规则和交际原则。例如：A: Excuse me. Im new in this apartment building. Could I ask you about some of the (76) r_ h
118、ere? 76._B: Yes, of course.A: First, about the parking. Is it ok to leave my car (77) b_ the building? 77._B: Sure. Youll see some parking spaces there for the people (78) l_ 78._in this building.A: And what about (79)w _ I have guests? 79._B: Well, guests arent (80) a_ to leave their cars in the ba
119、ck. 80._They have to park their cars in the guest parking area in the (81) f_. 81._A: I see. And are there any rules about house (82) p_? 82._Am I allowed to have a dog, for (83) e_. 83._B: Yes, both cats and dogs are allowed.A: What about our rubbish?B: It has to be taken to the ground floor where
120、it is (84) c_ every five hours. 84._A: All right. And do I have to use those special plastic bags for the garbage?B: No, thats not (85) n_. You can use the paper ones 85._you get from the supermarket.A: Thank you very much.Keys:76. rules 77. behind 78. living 79. when 80. allowed81. front 82. pets 8
121、3. example 84. collected 85. .necessary书面表达 I、书面表达的要求2005年之前NMET书面表达是一种指导性的写作，它要求学生根据所给情景，写出一篇100个单词左右的书面材料。情景包括目的、对象、时间、地点、内容等。提供情景的形式有图画、图表、提纲、短文等。书面表达的主要要求有：切中题意；语言准确、得当；条理清楚。请看近四年NMET书面表达统计表：年份提供情景方式要求体裁题材参考答案词数2002表格提示作文应用文写信1292003二幅图画看图作文应用文写信1142004图表提示作文应用文写信1322005文字提示作文+考生的态度（1/4）应用文写倡议书1
122、12通过上表我们不难看出，高考书面表达所考查的题材仍旧是考生所熟悉的校园生活或日常生活。在题型方面，又可划分看图作文和根据要求作文，两种形式的作文都给考生提供了语境条件，要求考生据此灵活运用语言知识，解决语言应用的具体问题。与05年比较，今年的书面表达题词数提高到120词左右，但会“变中求稳”。给学生提供了更大的自由表达、自由发挥的空间，其空间约占13。我们要将这三分之一的自由发挥的空间进行研究，到底学生应该怎样表达，才能达到这一要求。如样题所示，在自由发挥的部分给了6、7、8至少三个自由发挥的空间，在这一点上，自由发挥有了一定的标准。要在具体描述叙述及表达自己观点上做文章，要指导可能自由发挥
123、的内容要点。考生在写作中应认真审题，理清要点；依据要点，草拟提纲；扩展成句，连句成篇；仔细检查，认真修改。一篇档次较高的书面表达应该是：语境合情合理，过渡自然；语句有简有繁，随“意”而安；语法结构正确，无懈可击；语言地道流畅，书写规范。II. 解题步骤与技巧审题：弄清体裁与题材，看清提示和注意点，确定格式、人称、时态。抓点：用重点句型和短语列出要点。造句：将要点扩写成句。成文：连句成文。正确使用过渡词，使行文流畅。并注意段与段的衔接。改错：注意时态、标点是否正确。词数量是否符合要求等。誊写：修改无误后，认真规范地誊写在规定的地方。III、各种题材、体裁书面表达的注意点：1）书信：英文书信的五个
124、主要组成部分（信头、称呼、信文内容、结尾客套语和签名） 2 )日记：日记正文的上首应写上日期、星期及天气情况. 日记用第一人称、动词用过去时。例如：May22nd, Saturday, Fine We started off for a spring outing at Huangshan. We got to the foot of the mountain at 8. After having a short rest, we began to climb. A long time had passed, still we didnt get to the top. We were all
125、 out of breath. How tired we were! “Dont stop here. We must go on.” We encouraged each other. We looked up. It was only a short distance ahead. Where there is a will, there is a way. At last we got to the top of the mountain.3)记叙文：记叙文中的事情大多发生在过去，一般用过去时。有的记叙文并不强调时间性（可包括过去、现在和将来）这时也可用一般现在时。例： Meeting
126、an Old Friend Last Sunday morning, I met my old school friend Wang Dong in the street. After he finished middle school, he became a worker and works in a factory now. He told me that he taught himself in spare time for two years and had finished college courses. I heartily congratulated him on his a
127、chievement in his study. I wished him to win greater success in his life.4)描写文：描写文可用来写人、写物或写景色， 也可用来写人物的心理状态。要注意根据实际情况选用时态。选好描写的角度，是第一人称还是第三人称，必须考虑好。对一些名词、动词、形容词及介词词组必须使用正确，加强文章的感染力。例文： My Bedroom My bedroom is bright and clean. There is only one big window from which you can over look the garden. N
128、ear the window there is a writing desk, on which you can see a clock, a reading lamp, a radio and a number of books. In front of the desk there is a chair. In a corner of the room there stands a book shelf. There are many books, newspapers and magazines on it. On the left of the room there is a bed.
129、 It is a good place for studying and resting.5)议论文：议论文的时态以一般现在时为主。论点鲜明，文章安排逻辑性强，思想内容推理严密。议论文中常见的一些连接段落的词语： moreover, in addition, another point, furthermore, on the other hand, however, but.例文： Pollution One of the serious problems man is facing now is pollution. The poisonous waste may do harm to t
130、he things around us. The polluted air can bring death to some people. Very loud noises may hurt their ears or even drive them mad. So we have to understand the harm done to man by pollution, and we must try our best to fight against pollution.IV、如何谋求书面表达的高分语言表达中需要增加一些“亮点”。语言生动、流畅是近年书面表达题评分标准中提出的新要求，
131、语言幼稚、生硬的作文得分一般不会超过及格分。基础稍好的同学应该尽量变化语言的表达方式，尝试使用较为高级的语言，同时注意突出段落中心，用好过渡性语句，使短文流动自然。如将“认为”写成hold the view that，以及用Yet every coin has two sides.来表示不同观点之间的过渡都可被看着是短文中的亮点。（一）、使用高级词汇,增加文章的亮点1.合理使用动词, 使之符合不同的语言风格试比较:Ladies and gentlemen, Welcome to our school! Now Id like to introduce our school to you.Lad
132、ies and gentlemen, Welcome to our school! Now Id like to tell you something about our school.合理使用动词使表达更生动试比较：At the foot of the mountain, there was a small river.At the foot of the mountain, there flowed a small river.3.变换动词使表达更地道试比较： My parents and I are very pleased to invite you to stay at our ho
133、me. My parents and I are very pleased to have you with us.合理使用动词能增强表达的逻辑性试比较We may be one family and live under the same roof, but we dont get much time to talk together.We may be one family and live under the same roof, but we dont seem to get much time to talk together.5.巧妙使用动词短语增加表达的新颖性I used to
134、like reading and writing poems at middle school.I used to take delight in reading and writing poems at middle school.6.使用助动词增强文章的感染色彩I went there but I didnt see you.I did go there but I didnt see you.再如：1）. Because the weather was good, our journey was comfortable.Thanks to the good weather, our jo
135、urney was comfortable.2）We all think he is a great man.We all think highly of him .3）Suddenly I thought out a good idea.A good idea occurred to me. （A good idea suddenly struck me）.4）The students there neednt pay for their books.Books are free for the students there.5）.As a result the plan was a fai
136、lure.The plan turned out to be a failure.6）When she heard he had died, she went pale with sorrow.At the news of his death, she went pale with sorrow.7）She went to Austria in order to study music. She went to Austria for the purpose of studying music.8）When he spoke, he felt more and more excited.The
137、 more he spoke, the more excited he felt.9）In our school, there are twenty-six classrooms.Our school is made up of twentysix classrooms.10）You can find my house easily.Youll have no trouble finding my house. （二）适当使用替代词，同位语，介词短语，形容词短语，非谓语动词等，使语言更精练试比较1).So the missing money still must be in the other
138、 jacket, the jacket that you were wearing yesterday.So the missing money still must be in the other jacket, the one that you were wearing yesterday.（年北京高考）2).Do you think youd like it? If you dont like it, I can try and find another place for you.Do you think youd like it? If not, I can try and find
139、 another place for you. (2003NMET)3).Ive found a place for you. Its a small flat of 25 square meters, which has a bedroom, a bathroom and a kitchen. Ive found a place for you. Its a small flat of 25 square meters, with a bedroom, a bathroom and a kitchen. (2003NMET)4). Well mostly stay at home in th
140、e evening and watch TV, play games, and meet people. Well mostly stay at home in the evening , watching TV, playing games, and meeting people.（三）变换句式，使表达丰富多彩用并列连词把意义相关的几个句子连起来，避免句子冗长累赘，松散无力，使句子凝炼，层次清晰(1 ) I was walking along Park Road towards the east. At that time, an elderly man came out of the pa
141、rk on the other side of the street.I was walking along Park Road towards the east when an elderly man came out of the park on the other side of the street. (2000NMET)(2) The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. The flat is in a building on Fangcao Stree
142、t, and it/which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.2. 试着改变句子的开头，不要一味地都是主语开头，接着是谓语，宾语，最后加一个状语要灵活应用倒装句、强调句、主从复合句、分词状语等，这样能增加文章的节奏和韵律美(1) We met at the school gate and went there together early in the morning.Early in the morning we met at the school gate and went there together.(2) Our brave Ah Fu
143、 had saved my little sister.It was our brave Ah Fu who had saved my little sister.在整篇文章中,避免只使用一两个句型,要灵活运用各种语法结构,使文章有声有色 (1)、改变时态例:The bell is ringing now.(一般) There goes the bell! (高级)(2)、改变语态例:People suggest that the conference be put off.(一般)It is suggested that the conference be put off. (高级)(3)、
144、使用不定式例:He is so kind that he can help me.(一般) He is so kind as to help me.(高级)(4)、使用过去分词例: She walked out of the lab and many students followed her.(一般) Followed by many students, she walked out of the lab.(高级) Once it is seen, it can never be forgotten.(一般)Once seen, it can never be forgotten.(高级)(
145、5)、使用V-ing形式例: When he arrives, please give me an e-mail.(一般) On arriving/his arrival, please give me an e-mail.(高级) If the weather permits, Ill come tomorrow.(一般) Ill come tomorrow, weather permitting.(高级)(6)、使用名词性从句例: It disappointed everybody that he didnt turn up.(一般) The fact that he didnt turn
146、 up disappointed everybody.(高级) I happened to have met him.(一般)It happened that I had met him.(高级) To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things.(一般)What surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things. (高级)(7 )、使用定语从句The girl is spoken highly of. Her composition was well written.
147、(一般)The girl whose composition was well written is spoken highly of.(高级)(8)、使用状语从句例: I wont believe what he says.(一般)No matter what he says, I wont believe.(高级) If you come back before six oclock, you can go out.(一般)You can go out on condition that(provided that) you come back before six oclock.(高级)
148、 If she doesnt agree, what shall we do?(一般)Supposing that she doesnt agree, what shall we do?(高级)( 四 )以下做法是增加句子复杂性的常见方法，也是得高分的“亮点”。1. 改变句子的开头方式，不要一味地都是主语开头，接着是谓语、宾语，最后再加一个状语。可以把状语置于句首，或用分词做状语等。原文The young man couldnt help crying when he heard the bad news.修正Hearing the bad news，the young man couldnt
149、 help crying.2. 在整篇文章中，避免只使用一两个句式，要灵活运用诸如倒装句、强调句、主从复合句、分词状语等。强调句原文My parents praised Ah Fu warmly. It had saved my little sister bravely.修正 My parents praised Ah Fu warmly. It was our brave Ah Fu who had saved my little sister bravely.(93) 感叹句可以抒发内心强烈的感情色彩，适当运用感叹句可以有效增强文章的情感性、感染性和感召性，从而震撼读者内心，引起读者共鸣
150、。感叹句比较适合用于对人物或单位介绍结束后，情不自禁地对被介绍对象加以赞扬。 How time flies！（NMET98 书面表达参考范文片段） 由what等引导的从句，此处的what相当于中文的“所”，有很大的概括力，如:原文We had to stand there to catch the offender.修正What we had to do was (to) stand there，trying to catch the offender.又如：What China has achieved in recent years is known through the world.C
151、hina is no longer what it used to be. 由with或without引导的短语。如:He sat in a chair with a newspaper in the hand. 分词短语。 如:Satisfied with the result，he decided to go on with a new experiment. 倒装句。 如:Only in this way can we achieve our goal.Never before have I seen such a wonderful film. 省略句 如:If so，victory
152、will be ours.You can make some changes wherever necessary. 对比，这是中文中也常用的方法，如: When I play，I feel excited，and after it I feel relaxed. such as列举句型是使用场合最广的句型。 I studied quite a few subjects such as Chinese，maths，English，physics，chemistry and computer（NMET96书面表达参考范文片段） 析：该句用such as列举句型说明了我的学习科目很多，而且结构巧妙
153、，对称和谐。 I can follow my own interests such as reading books，visiting museums and taking computer lessons（NMET2001 书面表达参考范文片段） 析：该句巧妙运用了such as列举句型，结构精巧工整，意义明确协调，堪称上乘佳句。 。“with 名词复合宾语”句型的恰当使用也可以增加被描绘内容的生动性和趣味性，从而增强文章的感染性。该句型适合对细节性动作进行描绘。 My brother was riding with me sitting on the seat behind（97 书面表达参考范文片段）析：该句巧用了“with 名词复合宾语”句型作伴随状语，形象地描绘了我兄弟载我骑车时的“潇洒”姿态，暗示着他这次违章载人难逃警察的干预。 总之，只要我们恰当运用解题技巧，灵活掌握解题方法，我们就能以不变应万变，在高考中取得优异的成绩。预祝同学们考试成功！人人都得150分！
