1、限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业13 短文选词填空、短文汉语提示填空、短文语境提示填空短文填空得解题方法：1.选词填空第一步: 解读方框中所给单词的 ；第二步: 分析句子结构中所缺的成份，缩小选择范围；第三步: 从上下文来判断词义，从语法方面考虑 ；第四步: 通过代入法、翻译法检查所选单词是否符合语境。2.语境/汉语提示填空(1)快速浏览，了解大意（简单的空直接填出）；(2)上下求索，填出答案（填出正确形式）；(3)通读全文，检查确认（无提示词的空格填入 ）。3.具体变化规律(1)名词四变：变形容词 变复数 变所有格 变名词(2) 代词三变：人称代词主格和宾格互变、形
2、物代和名物代互变、人称代词和反身代词互变(3) 数词四变：变序数词 变次数词 变数词单位 变整十复数(4) 形容词四变：变副词 变比较级和最高级 变名词 变动词(5) 动词六变： 原形变第三人称单数 过去式 现在分词 过去分词 不定式(6)并列的两个或多个单词，短语，或句子之间设空，一般填入并列连词and,but,or 等。(7)若是主从句，需填入从属连词what, which, who, how, when 等。(8)名词前面一般用冠词、代词或介词等。一、短文选词填空。(A)阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词填空，每空一词。方框中有两个词为多余选项。includes, in, scientist
3、s, invention, among, watched, inventors, further, encouragingA 15-year-old student who invented a flashlight getting power from the holders body heat is going home today from California with a big prize and a chance to do 1 research.Ann was the only Canadian 2 the four winners at Googles internation
4、al science competition. The four winners were chosen from 15 final competitors from eight countries. The competition attracted thousands of students in 120 countries.Thousands of young 3 from around the world took part in the competition. Winning the science and technology competition was a “surpris
5、e”. Ann said, “I think it will have a great influence on my future.” Ann thanked her family for 4 her interest in science and said that her first toy was a box of transistors (晶体管). Anns prize 5 $ 25,000 and a “once-a-lifetime experience” from Google for her Hollow Flashlight, which has no moving pa
6、rts or batteries (电池).The idea for the 6 came from seeing unwanted batteries and her friends experience. When Ann visited a friend in the Philippines, she saw the friend couldnt study, when it became dark because there was no electricity or light. She saw the need for a flashlight that has no batter
7、ies Hollow Flashlight.In her project, Ann wrote, “I made two flashlights that do not use any batteries or harmful materials. They do not create any noise and will always work. The flashlight needs at least a 5 temperature difference between the holders body and the environment around to produce ligh
8、t.”A video of Ann explaining how she invented the flashlight has been 7 more than 1.4 million times on the Internet.Though Ann was successful, she has not made a decision about her career path. Ann hopes that she can find a way to join her love of film and science together.（B）请根据语篇内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，
9、使短文通顺、连贯。方框中有两个词为多余项。theyalthoughthreediscoverfaildirectstrangecompletepolitewherethankonThis was my first visit to the airport. I knew I should go to the check-in counter（柜台）first but I didnt know 8 it was. I tried asking a passing businessman for help, but 9 to make myself understood. He just walk
10、ed away quickly. I had been in this country for several months, but I could not even remember how to ask for 10 . How terrible! Another bus arrived and the passengers came out. Here was my chance. I could follow 11 to the right place. I wouldnt have to say a word. I finally reached the elevator（电梯）.
11、 Oh, no! There was not enough space for me. I got 12 the elevator when it returned and looked at all the buttons（按钮）. Which one could it be? I chose Button 3. The elevator slowly climbed up to the 13 floor and stopped. Tears filled my eyes as I saw the empty（空的） hall. Just then one of the staff memb
12、ers appeared. He said he was a guard there and asked 14 if I needed any help. Then he led me down a long hallway. We walked up some stairs, turned a corn, and finally got to the check-in counter. When I turned 15 him, the man was gone. 16 I will never know that kind mans name, I will always remember
13、 his help. I only hope that one day I can do the same for another 17 who has the same experience as me.二、短文汉语提示填空。As space science develops, man has learned more and more about space. Space is not only 18 （令人惊奇的）but also dangerous. While working in space, spacemen are facing danger as well as 19 （成功
14、）. Scientists have found out that radiation (辐射) is the greatest danger to spacemen. When spacemen are working in space, they are in 20 (危险) of the radiation from the sun and other stars, which is bad for their health. The 21 （伤害）of the radiation wont be found until their children even grandchildren
15、 are born. Some 22 （特别的）medicine may work a little, but no really effective medicine has been found so far. Space 23 （垃圾） is also thought to be a great danger to spacemen. Its reported that there were 9,000 man-made things flying in space. About 30% of these are satellites, 10% are 24 （太空飞船） , and t
16、he rest are space rubbish. An explosion(爆炸)in space in 1999 made a cloud of 300,000 fragments (碎片), each at least 4mm in size. A small piece of these even knocked a spaceship window and 25 （引起）some damage（损 坏）. Scientists are watching and reporting any possible danger all the time. They are working
17、to deal with space rubbish. 26 （尽管） space is really dangerous, it interests many people on the Earth. In the near future, it may become possible for people to spend a few days in a space hotel. We may even choose to leave the earth and live in space in a few years. So we should do something to help
18、27 （提高） the space environment.三、短文语境提示填空。根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。Twenty years ago, Larry Day bought a kite for himself just for fun. From then on, he and his wife Kay have loved kite-flying. They have many kites and travel around to fly them. “Im at peace when Im flying.” said Larry.Kite-f
19、lying has a long 28 . The custom of flying a piece of cloth high in the sky began more than 2,000 years ago in China. Since then, kites have been used to do scientific experiments, take pictures from the air and so on. People can fly kites 29 or with friends and family. Kites attract people who like
20、 to create and those who always try to make improvements to things.Now Larry likes making his own kites. He makes kites of 30 shapes and sizes. He also likes taking his works to public activities and sharing them 31 others.Flying kites needs skills. Experience makes a difference, so does the weather
21、. Sometimes the best flying conditions happen in winter. Larry and Kay hold a kite festival Color the Wind. 32 takes place every February on Clear Lake in Iowa. The festival adds 33 to the winter sky and gives people a reason to go outside. Their 13-year-old son also loves to fly kites with people o
22、f all ages. He likes the happy feelings he experiences 34 his kite flies high in the sky.“The reason why I love kite-flying is that you have to try but not always 35 . The best way to learn is to go out, and let your kite fly.” says Larry.一、短文选词填空。从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确通顺（每词限用一次）。care chan
23、ce change either everybody good live shake smooth unless until worthMany people have told me they are not happy. They want so much, but they get too little. For friends who have this problem, I have something to share. One of my patients, a successful businessman, tells me that before his cancer (癌症
24、) he would become upset 1 things went a certain way. Happiness was “having the cookie”. If you had the cookie, things were good. If you didnt have the cookie, life was 2 nothing. Unfortunately, the cookie kept 3 . Some of the time it was money, and sometimes power. At other times, it was a new car,
25、or a bigger house. A year after he knew he got cancer, he sat 4 his head regretfully. “It seems that I stopped learning how to live after I was a kid. When I give my son a cookie, he is happy. If I take the cookie away or it breaks, he is unhappy. But he is two and I am forty-three. It has taken me
26、so long to understand that the cookie will never make me happy. The minute you have the cookie it starts to fall to pieces or you start to worry about it. For this part, I do no 5 than my son. You know, you have to give up a lot of things to take care of the cookie, to keep it and be sure that 6 tak
27、es it away from you. You may not even get 7 to eat it because you are so busy just trying not to lose it. It seems that getting the cookies itself stops you 8 by the goddess of fortune, so having the cookie is not what life is about.”My patient laughs and says cancer has changed him. For the first t
28、ime he is happy. No matter if his business goes 9 or not. “Two years ago, cancer asked me, What is really important? Well, life is important. Life any way you can have it, life with the cookie, life without the cookie. Happiness does not have anything to do with the cookie. It has to do with being 1
29、0 . Oh, I guess life is the cookie.”Friends, hold your life tight. Live a happy life.二、短文汉语提示填空。根据短文内容和所给中文提示，用单词的正确形式完成下列短文。Ladies and gentlemen,Thank you for coming to attend the graduation ceremony. First of all, Id like to congratulate all the students who are here 11 （今天）. When you were just st
30、arting Grade 7 at this school, you were all so energetic and thirsty for knowledge. But now I see a room 12 （满的) of talented young adults who have great hope for the future. You 13 （长大） up already and Im so proud of you.Although youve all worked very hard over the last three years, none of you could
31、 have succeeded by 14 （你们自己）. Along the way, Im sure many people have helped and supported you. Id like you 15 （记得，想起）to thank all of these important people in your lives. Never fail to be thankful to the people around you.Lastly, the end of junior high school is the beginning of a new life. I dont
32、need to tell you that life in senior high school will be 16 （困难的，辛苦的） and that you have more trouble ahead of you. Youll make 17 （错误） along the way, but the key is to learn from them and never give up. But along with trouble, there will also be many exciting things waiting for you. 18 （在后面） each doo
33、r you open are chances to learn new things, and you have the 19 （能力，才能）to make your own choices. Choose wisely and be responsible for your decisions and actions. Although you have to go your separate ways now, 20 （无论何时） you want, you can come back. As you set out on your new journey, you shouldnt fo
34、rget where you came from. The future is yours.Good luck and hope to see you again soon sometime!三、短文语境提示填空。根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。One bright morning, I was out for my usual run when I met an elderly lady who was waving her phone and talking to me in a language I couldnt understand. It sou
35、nded like she was in a hurry to get somewhere. I quickly realized that she was 21 and couldnt speak any English. She showed me a map app on her phone, but I had no ideas 22 to read it. So, I quickly got a translation app online and we used the app to communicate. She spoke into the microphone in her
36、 language and it translated her words into English for me to understand. I put in some words 23 my reply to her and we were able to communicate!I soon knew that she needed to get home, which was a long walk away. She didnt want to use any public transportation but I offered to walk her to a bus stop
37、 where she could call her daughter for a 24 . Then her daughter could drive her home. As we walked, we laughed and joked, 25 we couldnt understand each others language. It was a pretty fun experience!Along the way, the elderly lady kept 26 me for my time. I had to keep reminding her that it was no t
38、rouble at all and saying that it was my pleasure to help her. Finally, we reached the bus stop and she made her call. We said our goodbyes and she gave me a heart-warming message that made me happy the whole day. Even today, I 27 hold that warm feeling in my heart. Nowadays, as technology has progre
39、ssed and changed our world day by day, theres always 28 that never changes. If you help a stranger find his or her way, maybe you will also get help from another stranger sometime in the future when you get lost in a strange city. We might lose our way but there is always a way to help.短文填空是测试同学们理解能力及对词汇、语法和习惯用法等的掌握情况的一种题型。本专题内容的训练主要帮助同学们巩固积累词形变化考查热点，掌握短文选词填空、短文汉语提示填空、短文语境提示填空的解题方法，提高解题能力。如动词六变： 原形 变第三人称单数 过去式 现在分词 过去分词 不定式。
