1、Unit 2 Cloning导语从1998年中国科学院动物研究所首席科学家、动物克隆与受精生物学学科带头人陈大元首次正式提出克隆大熊猫到现在，整整20年过去了，陈老仍然执着于此。然而保护大熊猫，究竟要不要通过克隆的方式呢？China has been exploring every possible means of saving giant pandas，one of the worlds most endangered species，from becoming extinct，even if it means resorting to(诉诸) cloning them.Chen Dayu
2、an，a senior scientist who specializes in cloning at the Institute of Zoology in the Chinese Academy of Sciences，introduced the idea of performing cloning techniques on giant pandas in 1998.Using initial funding of 100，000 yuan，Chen successfully produced blastocysts(胚泡) by transplanting the somatic n
3、ucleus from sample pandas into the egg cells of rabbits.“Those who are against cloning have made their voices heard throughout the research project on cloning giant pandas.Some people believe cloning goes against nature，but it is actually a pioneering technology.If successful，it is a way to save end
4、angered animals，”Chen said.Some scientists take a different view.“While I agree that research on cloning is meaningful，it is inappropriate to use giant pandas in this type of experiment.The number of pandas is limited and human beings have yet to master knowledge about pandas pregnancy.Cloning would
5、 do little to save the species，”said Wang Dajun，a researcher at the School of Life Sciences，Peking University.In response，Chen said that he would continue his research.词海拾贝1endangered adj.快要绝种的2technique n技巧，手法3transplant v移植4pregnancy n怀孕问题思考1Do you think pandas can be saved by cloning？Why?_2Why ar
6、e some scientists against cloning pandas?_答案：1.略2Because they think cloning goes against nature.为单词选择正确的释义1commercialA装饰2undertake B最初的，开始的3breakthrough C假定；设想4procedure D媒介；手段；工具5altogether E程序；步骤；手续6medium F规则；规章；法规7assumption G商业的；贸易的8regulation H着手；从事；承担9initial I缺点；不利条件10drawback J总共；完全地11decor
7、ation K突破答案：1G2H3K4E5J6D7C8F9B10I11A.根据所给汉语提示写出单词1_ n双胞胎之一；孪生儿之一 adj.成对的；成双的2_ vt.扔；投；掷3_ vt.获得；赢得4_ vt.获得；到达(水平、年龄、状况等)5_ adj.道德(上)的；伦理的6_ vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于7_ vi.退休；离开8_ vt.打扰 vi.操心 n烦扰9_ n羽毛10_ adj.合情理的；讲道理的；公道的答案：1.twin2.cast3.obtain4.attain5.moral6owe7.retire8.bother9.feather10.reasonable.根据英语释义
8、写出单词1_：outspoken2_：correct in every detail3_：a change that makes sth more accurate than it was before4_：be different5_：be against6_：collect or gather over a period of time7_：hit someone or something8_：having too much pride9_：be against someone10_：only11_：not able to do something12_：admire very much答
9、案：1.straightforward2.exact3.correction4.differ5object6.accumulate7.strike8.vain9.resist10merely11.unable12.adore.选用正确短语的适当形式完成句子differ from；object to；in favour of；to be exact；pay off；in good condition；strike.into ones heart(s)；cast down；from time to time；be bound to；bring.back to life；in vain1Dont l
10、ose heart.Your efforts will _ sooner or later.2Robert sat there alone，looking _What had happened to him?3Are you _ Tonys suggestion that we should work around the clock to meet the deadline?4His parents _ his going to the USA for further study，because they thought he was too young.5He will set off t
11、he day after tomorrow，_，on May 26，Tuesday.6My opinion about the problem _ yours.I think things will get better if we try our best.7Our teacher _ the importance of safety _，so we were all careful when crossing the street.8Though the building was built in the 1980s，it is still _9The old kindhearted ma
12、n donated money to charities _ though he didnt have much money.10To our great delight，the badly injured boy was _ by the experienced doctors.11I am afraid your efforts are _；he wouldnt listen to others.12There appeared a rainbow.The weather _ get better.答案：1.pay off2.cast down3.in favour of4.objecte
13、d to5to be exact6.differs from7.struckinto our hearts8in good condition9.from time to time10.brought back to life11.in vain12.was bound to课文表层理解.判断正(T)误(F)1A cloned animal usually dies earlier than the original one.()2Cloned people could live forever.()3Cloning is something that has been developed q
14、uite recently.()4The lamb is the clone of the cell from sheep because it provides the nucleus.()5There were many arguments about animal cloning and concerns about the future of cloning.()答案：1.T2.F3.F4.T5.T.读课文，完成表格Cloning：Where is it leading us？ParagraphMain ideaContents1The definition(定义) of clonin
15、gCloning is a way of making an 1._ another animal or plant.It happens both in plants and animals. 2The major 2_ of cloningFirstly，gardeners use it to produce commercial 3._Secondly，it is valuable for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals.3The problems of Dolly At first sh
16、e seemed to develop normally.Then came 4._ that she had become seriously ill，which 5._ cloning scientists.Dolly lived only six and a half years，6._ the life of the original sheep.Cloning scientists wondered how to overcome the problems.4The effect of DollyIts appearance raised a storm of 7._ and had
17、 a great impact on media and public imagination.It also occured to people that they can cure serious illnesses and even to produce 8._ using cloning.5Peoples reaction to cloningGovernment became 9._Some began to 10._ research into human cloning.Scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or ha
18、rm us and where it is leading us.答案：1.exact copy of2.uses3.quantities of plants4the disturbing news5.cast down6half the length of7.objections8.human beings9nervous and more conservative10.forbid课文深层理解.主旨匹配Para.1AThe major uses and procedures of cloning.Para.2 BThe definition of cloning.Para.3 CPeopl
19、es reaction to cloning.Para.4 DThe problems of Dolly.Para.5 EThe effect of Dolly.答案：Para.1BPara.2APara.3DPara.4EPara.5C.单项选择1It can be inferred from the passage that a cloned animal _Ausually lives as long as the original oneBusually lives longer than the original oneCusually dies earlier than the o
20、riginal oneDis usually as healthy as the original one2Which of the following is an advantage of cloning?ACloning can be used for earning money.BLarge quantities of food can be produced by cloning.CCloning can not help keep animals from becoming extinct.DFamous persons who have passed away can be clo
21、ned.3We can use the skill of cloning to _Abring about global peaceBcreate other famous scientistsCimprove the development of learning languageDcure some special diseases4What can we learn from the text?ACloned mice can live as long as the original ones.BCloning will come to an end because of objecti
22、ons.CAll the research into human cloning will be forbidden.DIt is more difficult to clone animals than clone plants.5What is the writers attitude towards cloning in this passage?AObjective.BNegative.CPositive. DUnclear.答案：1.C2.B3.D4.D5.A.领会下列句子所用的句型并尝试译成汉语1It is a difficult task to_undertake_2Clonin
23、g plants is straightforward while cloning animals is very complicated._3Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult to obtain，newspapers wrote of evil leaders hoping to clone themselves to attain their ambitions._4Then_came the disturbing news that Dolly
24、 had become seriously ill._答案：1.它是一项很难完成的任务。2克隆植物简单，但克隆动物非常复杂。3尽管目前供克隆研究的人类卵细胞和胚胎很难获得，报纸报道却说，有些邪恶头目希望把自己克隆出来以实现他们的野心。4接着传来多莉病重的坏消息。.课文缩写Cloning is a way of making an 1._ copy of another animal or plant.Cloning plants is 2._ while cloning animals is very complicated.It is a difficult task to 3._Many
25、attempts to clone mammals failed.But at last the determination and patience of scientists 4._ in 1996 with a 5._the cloning of Dolly the sheep.Dollys appearance raised storm of 6._ and had a great 7._ on the 8._ and public imagination. Altogether Dolly lived six and a half years，half the length of t
26、he original sheep.At present some countries began to reform their legal systems and 9._ research into human cloning，but other countries like China and the UK，continued to 10._ evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide.答案：1.exact2.straightforward3.undertake4paid off5.breakthroug
27、h6.objections7.impact8media9.forbade/forbad10.accumulate如何写议论文议论文主要针对某一观点或问题(一般为有争议的观点或问题)发表议论和看法，因此写此类文章时要考虑的论据多为正反两个方面。通过对有争议的观点或问题的不同看法进行比较，然后进行分析和评论，最后提出自己的看法，表达自己支持或反对的态度并加以论证说明，得出结论。1在文章的开头提出有争议的观点(一般提出两个相对的观点，然后客观地对其进行评析)。2接下来可用一个或两个段落分别展开论述。在每段中，均可用主题句来点明论点，并对这些论点进行比较和对比、分析和评论。3文章结尾对所论述观点进行客
28、观、合理的评论，提出自己的看法、建议；或者也可以将不同观点相互融合，选其可取之处，形成自己独到的观点。写作积累(一)话题词汇opinion n观点progress n进步breakthrough n突破shop online网上购物surf the Internet网上冲浪browse the web page浏览网页drawback n缺陷development n发展harmful adj.有害的advantage n优点disadvantage n缺点in favour of支持object to反对change ones life改变某人的生活(二)常用句式1There are dif
29、ferent opinions among people as to.Some people suggest that.2Peoples opinions about.vary from person to person.Some people say that.3Everything has two sides and.is not an exception；it has both advantages and disadvantages.4On the contrary，there are some people in favour of.At the same time，they say
30、.5There are several measures for us to adopt.First.6Faced with.we should take a series of effective measures to.For one thing.for another.7As far as I am concerned，I agree with the latter opinion to some extent.I think that.8Comparing this with that，however，I prefer to.9For my part，I think it reason
31、able to.Only in this way can you.10From what has been discussed above，we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that.人们完成工作的方式通常有两种：独立完成和合作完成，两种方式各有特点。请你以“Working Individually or Working in a Team”为题，按照以下要点写一篇英语短文。1独立完成：自行安排，自己解决问题。2合作完成：一起讨论、相互学习。3我喜欢的方式和理由。注意：词数100左右。写作要点1提出完成工作有两种方式。2分别叙述独立完成工作和
32、合作完成工作这两种方式。3写出自己喜欢的方式和理由。范文点评范文点评Working Individually or Working in a TeamThere are basically two ways to get work_doneOne is to work individuallyIn this way，people can decide for themselves when to start work and how to do it.Whats more，they will be able to learn how to solve problems on their own
33、.People may also choose to work in a team，where they can learn from each other and help each other.Besides，they may work out better ways to get work done by discussion.Personally，I prefer to work in a team.On the one hand，it offers me a chance to learn how to get along with others and to share my ex
34、perience with them.On the other hand，as the work can be divided among several people，it can be done efficiently.Therefore，teamwork is always important.本文针对人们对独立完成工作和合作完成工作这两种方式的看法，分别给出两方的理由，并写出自己喜欢的方式及理由。文章层次清楚，用词准确，过渡自然。提出话题，引出下文。一方观点，后文紧接理由。Whats more用得恰当，自然。提出另一方观点。Besides用得准确，且避免了用词重复。提出自己的观点每个家
35、庭都有忙不完的日常家务活(household chores)。高中生是否应该帮助父母干家务活？在班会课上，你班同学就这一话题展开辩论。请你选择一方观点(正面的或反面的)，根据以下表格提示，用英语写一篇发言稿。词数：100左右。开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。不同观点支持1.减轻父母负担，是感恩形式之一。2培养劳动意识，提高独立能力。3反对1.枯燥无味，影响情绪。2耗费时间，不利于学习。3Should Senior High School Students Help Parents With Household Chores?“Should senior high school students
36、 help parents with household chores？”Different students have different views._ Thats all.Thank you!答案：Should Senior High School Students Help Parents With Household Chores?“Should senior high school students help parents with household chores？”Different students have different views.As for me, I am
37、strongly in favour of students helping parents with chores.Firstly, it can reduce the burden over our parents and it is clearly a form of expressing thanks to them.As is known to us all, our parents are busy with their work to bring us up.If we help them do some chores such as cleaning up rooms, pol
38、ishing furniture, washing clothes and cooking meals.They will have more time to relax themselves.Whats more, by doing chores, we can be increasingly aware of the necessity of labor and gradually improve the ability of independence.Most importantly, by doing it, we may adjust our mind, forgetting abo
39、ut our homework for the moment and thus improving our learning.Thats all.Thank you！A级基础过关.单句语法填空在句中空白处填上适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1The eating habits in the north differ very much _ those in the south.2Leaves are found on all kinds of trees，but they differ greatly _ all sizes and shapes.3I know _ (exact
40、) how she felt.4He undertook _ (buy) me a car.5The men were paid _ on the last day before the holiday.6Her parents paid _ her to go to Canada.7Dont be so cast _Just keep your spirits up.8The main objection _ the plan was that it would cost too much.9Many local people object _ the building of the new
41、 airport.10The standard is easily _ (attain) by most students.11My brother was forbidden _ (play) the online games by my parents，so he was sad and angry.12Students are forbidden _ referring to their notes in the examination.13The tourism in this place will have an impact _ the local environment.14So
42、me experts at the meeting were _ favour of this project.15My idea is _ you should apologize to your teacher.16The question is _ we should ask them for help or not.17I told his secret to others.Thats _ he got angry with me.18I am fond of pop music _ my parents like classical music.答案：1.from2.in3.exac
43、tly4.to buy5.off6.for7.down8.to9.to10.attainable11.to play12.from13on14.in15.that16.whether17.why18.while.话题微写作将下列句子翻译成英语并连成一段意义完整、语言流畅的小短文(80词左右)。1约翰跟他的双胞胎妹妹性格不同。(differ)2他总是很乐观，而他妹妹却时不时地感到很沮丧。(from time to time；cast down)3一天他想和他妹妹修一辆状况很差的二手车，但他妹妹却不许他干这活。(in poor condition；forbid；undertake)4她希望他不要拿
44、这样的事情来烦她。(bother)5但她抵制不了他想尝试一下的欲望。(resist)6他突然想到应该找朋友帮忙。(strike)7他的朋友非常支持他的想法。(favour)8他们的努力最后得到了回报。(pay off)9然后传来消息说车已经修好了。(完全倒装结构)10他把他的成功归功于朋友的帮助。(owe)_答案：John differs in character with his twin sister.He is always very optimistic while his sister feels cast down from time to time.One day he want
45、ed to repair a secondhand car in poor condition with his sister but she forbade him to undertake such a task，hoping that he shouldnt bother her with this kind of thing.But she couldnt resist his desire to have a try.It struck him that he should turn to his friends for help who were in favour of his
46、idea.Their efforts paid off at last.And then came the news that the car was repaired successfully.He owed his success to his friends help.B级能力提升.阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。Authors Kyle Kurpinski and Terry DJohnson pretty much have me convinced that human cloning is quite possible and is
47、a future certainty.Kurpinski and Johnson are both bioengineering experts; unlike similar scientists you have seen in the movies，they both have a sense of humor.What surprises me is that Kurpinski and Johnson are able to take something as complicated as DNA and make it understandable.The book How to
48、Defeat Your Own Clone teaches us what is now known as DNAencoded, how that happens, and why people with similar DNA dont look or act the same.The book not only helps us get a basic understanding of what DNA and its purpose are, but also explains cloning and stem cell (干细胞)research.It occurs to me th
49、at a lot of people who are against stem cell research dont know what they are protesting about.The authors provide a history of cloning, as well as information about stem cells.The real fun starts when the authors attack various myths about cloning.Obviously, too many people have been watching too m
50、any bad movies and television programs.Remember theyre just fictional stories.If, somehow, scientists manage to clone you，twenty years from now your clone isnt going to kill you.Among the myths explored and exploded are that a clone will know everything you know and will act as you do, that heads wh
51、ich are cut off can be kept alive, and that a clone has no belly button (肚脐)Many of the myths are ridiculous but many people believe them.Kurpinski and Johnson also detail some bioimprovements “that really work”You see, genes can be controlled to help you sleep better and become smarter, healthier,
52、and taller.Well.not exactly you，but future generations.If you do wind up in a battle with your own clone, who will be considerably younger than you, remember that it is not you and that it doesnt know what you know.语篇解读本文主要介绍How to Defeat Your Own Clone这本书的情况及其他一些感想。1Many bioengineering experts in t
53、he movies are _AhumorousBwealthyCserious Dcrazy解析：推理判断题。从第一段的“unlike similar scientists you have seen in the movies，they both have a sense of humor”可知电影中的生物工程学家一般都是没有幽默感的。答案：C2Which of the following things are in the book How to Defeat Your Own Clone?aWhat DNA and its purpose are.bWho is against clo
54、ning.cThe history of cloning.dThe myths about cloning.eThe disadvantages of cloning.Aa，b，e Ba，c，dCb，d，e Db，c，d解析：细节理解题。从第二段的“The book not only helps us get a basic understanding of what DNA and its purpose are.The authors provide a history of cloning.”及第三段的“The real fun starts when the authors attac
55、k various myths about cloning.”可知答案。答案：B3We can learn from the passage that biotechnology_Ahas been banned in many countries around the worldBis being used to improve ones intelligence right nowCcan help improve the physical condition of future generationsDis sure to cure any disease in the near fut
56、ure解析：推理判断题。从第四段的“.genes can be controlled to help you sleep better and become smarter，healthier，and taller.Well.not exactly you，but future generations.”可知C项正确。答案：C4According to the passage, a clone of you_Awill want to kill youBknows whatever you knowChas no belly buttonDwill be younger than you解析：
57、细节理解题。从最后一段的“who will be considerably younger than you”可知D项正确。答案：D .七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。In the age of the keyboard，some people seem to think handwriting lessons are on the way out.Steve Graham，a literacy professor at Vanderbilt University in Nashville，Tennessee，has been heari
58、ng about the death of handwriting for the past fifteen years._1_He said，“If the results of a survey we have published this year are accurate，it is being taught by about ninety percent of teachers in grades one to three.”Ninety percent of teachers also say they are required to teach handwriting._2_Pr
59、ofessor Graham says one study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting._3_Others teach it for sixty to seventy minutes a day.Many adults remember learning that wayby copying letters over and over again._4_Many experts also t
60、hink handwriting should not be taught only with itself.Instead，they say it should be used as a way to get students to express ideas._5_Teachers commonly report that about onefourth of their students has poor handwriting.Some people might think handwriting is not important anymore because of computer
61、s and voice recognition(识别) programs.AAfter all，that is why we write.BNowadays teachers pay more and more attention to their students writing.CSo is it still being taught?DBut who cares if people know how to write well?EBut studies have yet to answer the question of how well they are teaching it.FTo
62、days thinking is that short periods of practice are better.GHe says some teachers teach handwriting for ten to fifteen minutes a day.答案：1.C2.E3.G4.F5.A.完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In movies and books, people often describe a defining moment when they figure out who they are.How
63、ever, I never thought it could happen in _1_ life.I never expected to have a _2_ of my own.During the spring of my junior year, my class _3_ a documentary(纪录片) called The Invisible Children.It was about three students who took a trip to Africa._4_， the film was slightly humorous; the filmmakers clea
64、rly had no idea what they were getting into.However, _5_ the group arrived in Uganda, our _6_ changed.The documentary showed what the consequences of a(n) _7_ had for thousands of children.Many had _8_ their family, and some children were _9_ to be soldiers.When the movie ended, I couldnt _10_ think
65、ing about the movie.When I got home that night, I tried to tell my parents about the film, _11_ I couldnt get the words out.I was able to _12_ my parents to donate $300 to the children in Africa (Im _13_ repaying them $20 a month)The following day I went to look for a_14_Since that day, I havent bee
66、n able to picture my _15_ in a way that doesnt involve earning money to go to Africa and doing what I can to _16_When I learned about the Without Borders program, I became so_17_I found myself_18_ everything that became so important to me after _19_ what I wanted to do with my life.I hope I can use
67、my education and skills to make a(n) _20_语篇解读本文是夹叙夹议文，话题是人物故事类。作者观看的一部有关非洲战乱的纪录片彻底改变了他的人生。1A.peaceful BbusyCreal Dmodern解析：与上句中的movies and books相呼应。那是在电影或书中才有的事，作者从来没有想到在现实生活中会发生这种事。答案：C2A.magic BmomentCstory Ddream解析：联系第一句中的defining moment可知，作者从不期望自己也有那一刻。答案：B3A.bought BheardCmade Dwatched解析：根据本空后内
68、容可知，作者所在班级组织观看了一部纪录片。答案：D4A.At first BIn factCAbove all DOf course解析：根据本空后对该电影的介绍可知，一开始这部纪录片还有点幽默。答案：A5A.because BonceCalthough Dunless解析：根据本空后的arrived可知，摄制组一到乌干达，作者和同学们观看电影时的心情就变了。答案：B6A.mood BplanCpace Dguess解析：根据下文介绍的乌干达的情况可知，整个纪录片的气氛变得很沉重，所以作者和同学们观看电影时的心情变了。答案：A7A.pollution BwarCdisaster Daccide
69、nt解析：根据下句中的soldiers可知，那里有战争。答案：B8A.lost BsupportedChidden Dstarted解析：这里战火不止，所以很多孩子失去了家人。答案：A9A.expected BremindedCtold Dforced解析：根据本空前的children可知，许多儿童被迫当了兵。答案：D10A.suggest BadmitCstop Dfinish解析：根据下文作者回去要跟父母讲这部纪录片可知，纪录片放完后，作者久久不能忘掉它。答案：C11A.but BorCso Dfor解析：根据本空前后的tried to和couldnt可知，作者想把这部纪录片告诉父母，但是
70、他已经无法形容了。答案：A12A.invite BconvinceCpermit Dwarn解析：根据本空后的donate可知，作者劝说父母先代替他捐出了300美元。答案：B13A.just BalwaysCalso Dstill解析：根据本空后的repaying可知，直到现在作者还在偿还父母替他捐出的那笔钱。答案：D14A.school BchanceCjob Dmovie解析：根据下一段中的earning money to go to Africa可知，第二天，作者就去找工作了，这样他就能攒一笔钱到非洲去帮助饱受战争之苦的孩子们。答案：C15A.future BexperienceCinf
71、luence Dbehaviour解析：根据该空后内容可知，从那天起，作者的未来就已经与非洲分不开了。答案：A16A.pay BhelpCimprove Dbegin解析：根据第12空后的donate可知，作者尽可能去帮助那些饱受战争之苦的孩子。答案：B17A.brave BproudCexcited Dkind解析：作者一直梦想着能去非洲帮助饱受战争之苦的孩子，所以当他得知Without Borders这个项目的时候，他非常兴奋。答案：C18A.produce BobserveCaccomplish Danalyze解析：根据本空后的that became so important to me可知，作者能够完成一切事情。答案：C19A.explaining BthinkingCshowing Ddiscovering解析：作者通过看一部纪录片发现了自己想做的事情。答案：D20A.fortune BeffortCchoice Ddifference解析：作者想尽自己所能帮助非洲饱受战争之苦的孩子，所以作者可以运用他的知识和技能去改变那里的状况。答案：D
