1、立足教育 开创未来 高中总复习（第1轮）英语 全国 统编教材立足教育 开创未来 高中总复习（第1轮）英语 全国 统编教材2(2)立足教育 开创未来 高中总复习（第1轮）英语 全国 统编教材3阅读理解：归纳概括题的解题技巧【要点概述】主旨大意题属于全局性的问题，通常就是文章的标题、要点、主题等。归纳概括中心主旨的题目是高考必考题目，考查考生通过阅读理解，总结归纳，找出文章中心意思的能力。要做好这类题目必须区分主要信息和次要信息；既看到树木，更看到森林；要跳出一词一句，而俯瞰全文；要通读全文，通篇理解。找出主题句(topic sentence)是一个有用的方法。常见的命题形式有：立足教育 开创未来
2、 高中总复习（第1轮）英语 全国 统编教材4The main point of the passage is _.The passage mainly deals with _.The passage is about _.What does the passage mainly discuss?What is the authors main purpose?Which of the following sentences best states the subject of this passage?The best title for this passage is _.A good t
3、itle for this passage would be _.立足教育 开创未来 高中总复习（第1轮）英语 全国 统编教材5归纳概括题备考锦囊：1文章的首句。因为文章的首句是文章的导入，点明作者写文章的意图、背景等。2每段的第一句和最后一句。因为每段的第一句实际上多半是每段的主题句，然后进行陈述或论述，逐步展开，给予例证，最后把该段内容用一句话来小结，所以每段的最后一个句子常常是该段的结论句。3全文的最后一句往往是整篇文章的结论或作者写这篇文章的用意所在。立足教育 开创未来 高中总复习（第1轮）英语 全国 统编教材64重点阅读那些观点性、归纳性、概括性较强的句子，特别是“信息词”(如：in
4、 a word,as a result,finally,in short,but,however,in conclusion,in brief,in summary)引导的句子。立足教育 开创未来 高中总复习（第1轮）英语 全国 统编教材7【体验高考】(2011北京卷)DAs the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries,a new electrical generating(发电)and transmission(输送)system for the 21st century will
5、 leave a lasting mark on the West,for better or worse.Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery,but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community.The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will be laid do
6、wn to move electricity around.立足教育 开创未来 高中总复习（第1轮）英语 全国 统编教材8The 19th century saw land grants(政府拨地)offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads,leaving public land in between privately owned land.In much of the West,some of the railroad sections were developed while others r
7、emained undeveloped,and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management.With the completion of the interstate highway system,many of the small towns,which sprang up as railway stops and developed well,have lost their lifeblood and died.立足教育 开创未来 高中总复习（第1轮）英语 全国 统编教
8、材9Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the West.This is not an argument against building them.We need alternative energy badly,and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can n
9、ow.So tradeoffs will have to be made.Some scenic spots will be sacrificed.Some species(物种)will be forced to move,or will be carefully moved to special accommodations.Deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects.立足教育 开创未来 高中总复习（第1轮）英语 全国 统编教材10The lasting effects of these tradeoffs are anothe
10、r matter.The 21st century development of the American West as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money in the region.There are chances for that power and money to do a lot of good.But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave n
11、ew problems behind,just like the railroads and the highways.立足教育 开创未来 高中总复习（第1轮）英语 全国 统编教材11The money set aside in negotiated tradeoffs and the institutions that control it will shape the West far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines.So lets remember the effects of t
12、he railroads and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the West.()70.Which is the best title for the passage?A.How the Railways Have Affected the West B.How Solar Energy Could Reshape the West C.How the Effects of Power Plants Can Be Reduced D.How the Problems of the Highways Have B
13、een Settled立足教育 开创未来 高中总复习（第1轮）英语 全国 统编教材12B本题是主旨归纳题。通读全文会发现作者讨论的是太阳能电站在西部地区的发展将会带来何种影响。立足教育 开创未来 高中总复习（第1轮）英语 全国 统编教材13【强化训练】(2011全国大纲卷)ASince 1984,Philadelphia has been cleaning up its act.One by one,graffiticovered walls are being changed into outdoor art.So far,more than 1,800 murals(壁 画)have be
14、en painted.Philadelphia now has more murals than any other American city.The walls that were once ugly with graffiti(涂鸦)are now covered with beautiful pictures of historical heroes and modern art,thanks to the Mural Arts Program(MAP).Its work makes schools and public places attractive,and its citize
15、ns very proud.The program began as part of Philadelphias AntiGraffiti Network.Jane Golden is the MAPs artistic director.“When people ask me what our program is about，”she says,“I answer them with one word:hope.”Each year,the MAP offers youth art programs and workshops.Some onetime graffiti writers e
16、ven help paint MAP murals.立足教育 开创未来 高中总复习（第1轮）英语 全国 统编教材14The MAPs work,says Golden,is all about developing a sense of community(社区).When a neighborhood requests a mural,the MAP works with the people there to develop a message.Some messages have been“Safe Streets，”“Love and Care，”and“Peace Walk.”The
17、 MAP receives up to 50 requests for murals each week.Last year,the workers painted 140 murals.立足教育 开创未来 高中总复习（第1轮）英语 全国 统编教材15“The making of a mural enters peoples collective memory as an extraordinary,pleasant moment in neighborhood history”says Golden,who began as a muralist in Los Angeles.()41.Wh
18、at can be the best title for the text?A.Love,from Graffiti Writers to MuralistsB.MAP,a New Company in PhiladelphiaC.Jane,an Excellent Mural ArtistD.Hope,One Wall at a Time立足教育 开创未来 高中总复习（第1轮）英语 全国 统编教材16D考查主旨大意。选择最佳题目一定要概括全文。虽然四个选项结构相似，前三个却各自说明了一个内容，D选项的hope是做这件事的目的，从第二段的项目经理的回答中可得出。立足教育 开创未来 高中总复习（第1轮）英语 全国 统编教材
