1、课时分层作业(十六).单词拼写根据首字母或汉语提示完成句子。1The disaster of 2019 caused great loss to many southern cities in America.2The mice ran away through the tube buried in the earth.3The volcano beside the city is most likely to erupt suddenly in a few days.4Hearing the news，he ran down the stairs immediately and got th
2、ere.5The announcement made the headmaster surprised.6Accidents of this kind rarely occur (发生) in our community these days.7If the temperature rises to 30 degree plus(多，余)，take your Tshirts.8It was the news of hurricane (飓风)that made the residents panic in horror.9It is difficult to forecast (预测)how
3、the markets will react.10The government has declared a state of emergency(紧急情况).阅读理解AThe African elephant，the largest land animal remaining on earth，is of great importance to African ecosystem.Unlike other animals，the African elephant is to a great extent the builder of its environment.As a big plan
4、teater，it largely shapes the forestandsavanna(大草原) surroundings in which it lives，therefore setting the terms of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat.It is the elephants great desire for food that makes it a disturber of the environment and an important builder of its hab
5、itat.In its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day，it kills small trees and underbushes，and pulls branches off big trees.This results in numerous open spaces in both deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas.In these open spaces
6、 are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other planteaters.Take the rainforests for example.In their natural state，the spreading branches overhead shut out sunlight and prevent the growth of plants on the forest floor.By pulling down trees and eating plants，elephant
7、s make open spaces，allowing new plants to grow on the forest floor.In such situations the forests become suitable for large hoofed planteaters to move around and for small planteaters to get their food as well.What worries scientists now is that the African elephant has become an endangered species.
8、If the elephant disappears，scientists say，many other animals will also disappear from vast areas of forest and savanna，greatly changing and worsening the whole ecosystem.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。非洲象对非洲森林和大草原的生态系统十分重要， 它们的觅食对生态环境有很大影响。现在， 令科学家们担忧的是， 非洲象正濒临灭绝， 这也就意味着整个非洲的生态系统正在遭受威胁。1What does the underlined phr
9、ase “setting the terms” most probably mean?AImproving the quality.BWorsening the state.CFixing the time.DDeciding the conditions.D词义猜测题。根据第一段内容可知， 非洲象对非洲的生态系统十分重要， 它们在很大程度上是生态环境的创造者， 它们塑造了非洲的森林和大草原的环境。由此可推断出， 非洲象决定了在它们的栖息地上生活的其他动物的生存条件。因此， “setting the terms”的意思应为“决定了条件”。故选D。2The passage is develope
10、d mainly by Ashowing the effect and then explaining the causesBgiving examplesCpointing out similarities and differencesDdescribing the changes in time orderA写作手法题。根据文章内容可知， 第一段内容主要介绍了非洲象对整个非洲生态环境的重大影响， 接下来的三段话主要解释了为什么它们会有这么大的影响。因此全文应是按照先给出结果、再说明原因的方式展开的。故选A。3What is the passage mainly about?AForest
11、s and savannas as habitats for African elephants.BThe eating habit of African elephants.CDisappearance of African elephants.DThe effect of African elephants search for food.D主旨大意题。根据文章内容可判断出， 本文主要讲述了非洲象对非洲森林和大草原的生态系统的重要性， 它们的觅食对生态环境有很大影响。故选D。4What do we know about the open spaces in the passage?AThe
12、y are home to many endangered animals.BThey result from the destruction of rainforests.CThey are attractive to planteating animals of different kinds.DThey provide food mainly for African elephants.C细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a v
13、ariety of other planteaters.”可知， 那些开阔的地方对各种食草动物很具吸引力。故选C。BAn earthquake is one of the most common natural disasters.It may cause great damage.So it is wise to learn some simple safety tips to protect yourself or your family members.Fragile items，like those made of glass should usually be placed on a
14、 lower surface，near the ground instead of placing them on cupboards.Never place them near your bed，sofas and other furniture where you would be sitting or lying down.When there is a strong movement，these pieces will fall on the floor directly and not on you.There is a strong chance of short circuits
15、 (短路) and fire breakouts during an earthquake.Make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an earthquake happens.During an earthquake，lie beneath an object that is not easily damaged.Do not go near objects that could directly fall on you.Never use the elevator to go down.St
16、ay inside until the shaking stops and it is safe to go outside.Research has shown that most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out.Use the staircases at all times.If you are outdoors，do not take shelter under a tree，streetlights，electric poles or tall buildings.If you are driving
17、，stop your car and stay in a safe place.Do not park your car under a tree or any tall object.If trapped in debris (瓦砾堆)，cover your mouth with a handkerchief or clothing.Tap on a pipe or wall so rescuers can find you.Use a whistle (哨子) if one is available.Never shout for help.Shouting can cause you t
18、o breathe in dangerous amounts of dust.Do not light a match because you may burn yourself.Do not move about or kick up dust.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了地震时应采取的一些安全措施。5The purpose of the passage is to tell readers Athe damage caused by earthquakesBthe rescue work after earthquakesCwhat to do about earthquakesDhow t
19、o prevent earthquakesC写作意图题。从第一段的“So it is wise to learn some simple safety tips to protect yourself or your family members.”可知，本文的主要目的是介绍地震时应采取的一些安全措施。6The underlined word “Fragile” in Paragraph 2 probably means Aeasily brokenBeasily foundCexpensive DheavyA词义猜测题。根据画线词后所给的例子“like those made of glass
20、”及段末的pieces可知这里指“易碎的”。7During the earthquake，people are advised to Ago out the building at onceBturn off power and gas immediatelyCtake shelter under a treeDdrive to a safe placeB细节理解题。从第三段“Make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an earthquake happens.”可知，地震时在室内的话应首先关闭
21、电源和煤气。故选B项。8What should people NOT do when they are trapped in debris?ACover their mouth with a handkerchief.BTap on a pipe or wall for help.CUse a whistle for help.DLight a fire for help.D细节理解题。从最后一段的“Do not light a match because you may burn yourself.”可知，地震时如被埋，不要点火求救，这可能会烧着自己。故选D项。.阅读七选五Traveling
22、 is a very enjoyable experience as it provides an opportunity to see new things. 1 The following article discusses the advantages of traveling.Traveling gives you the opportunity to disconnect from your regular life.People all have crazy schedules，work and a family to take care of，and traveling alon
23、e or with some friends can give you distance and perhaps even make you realize how important these people are to you. 2 Another great benefit is the relaxation you get. 3 When you come back you feel energetic and you are happy to be back to your daily routine. 4 They will create a bond that nothing
24、can erase no matter what happens to the friendship/relationship.You can create photo albums and when you feel nostalgic(对往事怀恋的) you can experience the trips again by looking at your pictures.Its never been this cheap to travel.With increasing oil prices the cheap travel era might be coming to an end
25、. 5 With the Internet and all the new technologies，you can plan your trip exactly the way you want it.You can choose your budget，the duration of the trip and what you want to do.AIts nice to enjoy a stressfree time.BAs the saying goes，you never know what you have until you lose it.CWhen traveling wi
26、th friends or family it creates memories of a lifetime.DDiscovering different values and ways to get by in life is really interesting.EGoing on a trip means that you are most likely going to spend time outside.FHowever，there are still many budget airlines fighting for your dollar right now.GThere ar
27、e many benefits other than enjoying yourself that can be realized when you travel.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。介绍了旅行的好处。1G根据上下文，文章开头谈到旅行能为你提供欣赏新事物的机会，是一种愉快的经历，空格后文章接下来谈论旅行的好处，故此处承上启下，谈论旅行除了让你玩得开心之外还有其他好处。2B根据上文，谈到旅行使人有机会脱离常规的生活，独自或与朋友一起旅行可以给你距离感甚至意识到这些人对你有多重要，故此处谈正如名言所说的那样，人总是在失去后才懂得珍惜，回应上句的内容。3A根据上文，旅行的另一个重大益处是你能得到放松，故此处进一步谈你能享受没有压力的时间是非常好的，即放松自我。4C根据下文，此处作为主题句与朋友或家人旅行时可以留下终生难忘的美好回忆。5F根据上下文，上文谈到旅行成本越来越高，下文谈到你可以通过网络或高科技选择自己旅行的支出预算，故此处谈的是有很多适合你的经济情况的航班等。
