1、Section Developing ideas & Presenting ideas阅读reading 2中的材料，选出最佳选项1What is the text mainly about?AThe cats being lost and found in the terrible storm.BThe authors experience and optimistic attitude in the storm.CThe stars looking more beautiful and attractive after the storm.DThe authors habit of wat
2、ching the stars after the storm.2What do we learn about the authors family?AThe authors cat and the roof were blown away.BMom was successful to run out of the room.CThey went out by boat on the “street river”DIt became unsafe for them to stay at home.3What matters for the whole family in Moms eyes?A
3、Staying together and being safe.BWatching the stars with no lights.CStaying away from home for a few days.DHaving clothes on their backs.答案13BDAWords And Phrasesreliable adj.可信赖的，可靠的(教材P65)So，for accurate and reliable predictions，its best to check an official，scientific report.所以，对于精确可靠的预测而言，最好是去检查一
4、下官方的科学报告。例1He is a reliable man and you definitely can believe his words.他是个可靠的人，你绝对可以相信他的话。 例2According to the reliable information，we will have three days off from tomorrow.据可靠消息，我们明天起放三天假。造句我们的消息来源可靠。Our information comes from a reliable source.知识拓展rely v依靠，信赖rely on 依靠，依赖；信赖rely on it that. 相信；指
5、望即学即练单句语法填空He likes to do well and to be seen as reliable(rely)You can rely on it that it will rain this weekend.小片段填空Many parents feel some teachers in the kindergarten are not reliable and they cant rely on them to look after their children.We cant rely on it that a kindergarten whose purpose is t
6、o earn money will benefit your children a lot.很多家长感觉这所幼儿园的老师不值得信赖，他们不能信赖他们来照顾自己的孩子。我们不能指望一所以赚钱为目的的幼儿园能对你的孩子有多少好处。rescue v&n.营救，解救；援救(教材P65)Amongst all the international heavy rescue teams，the China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) was the first international heavy rescue team to arrive.在
7、所有的国际重型救援中，中国国际重型搜救和救援队是第一个到达的。例1They were eventually rescued by helicopter.他们最后被直升机救走了。例2She had despaired of ever being rescued alive.她那时对获救生还已经绝望了。造句我们那时已经放弃了获救的希望。We had given up hope of rescue/being rescued.归纳拓展rescue sb./sth.from从营救某人/某物；使某人/某物免于come to ones rescue 营救某人即学即练单句语法填空The 23yearolds
8、 screams alerted a passerby who went to her (she) rescue.You rescued me from an embarrassing situation.claim v(战争、事故等)夺去生命；声称(教材P66)Caused by exceptionally heavy snowfall within a short period of time，they destroyed buildings and forests，and claimed over 256 lives.由于短时间内异常严重的降雪，他们摧毁了建筑物和森林，夺走了256条生命
9、。例1The civil war claimed several lives of Chinese members of UN Peacekeeping Force.内战夺取了几个联合国维和部队中国成员的生命。例2He claims that he was not given a fair chance of competition.他声称他未得到公正的竞争机会。造句那次撞车事故导致三人死亡，包括两个成年人和一个孩子。The car crash claimed three lives including two adults and a child.归纳拓展claim to have done
10、声称做过某事claim to be 声称It is claimed that 据称，听说即学即练单句语法填空I am a newcomer and dont claim to be (be) an expert.The tourist claimed to have seen (see)the monster in the lake.小片段填空Someone called the police and claimed to be a doctor and claimed to have known the traffic accident three days ago.And he said
11、the accident actually claimed five lives in all but the driver refused to admit.有人打电话报警，声称自己是个医生，并且声称自己了解三天前那场交通事故。并且他说事故事实上造成五人死亡但是司机拒绝承认。 threaten v威胁到，危及(教材P66)It led to a severe food crisis and threatened the livelihoods of more than 9.5 million people.它导致了严重的粮食危机，并威胁到950多万人的生计。例1He said that el
12、der boy had threatened to beat him on his way home.他说那个大一点的男孩已经威胁过他了，回家路上揍他。 例2The thief threatened the old man with a knife.这个抢劫犯用刀子威胁老人。造句她依然记得自己昨天被威胁的场景。She still remember her being threatened yesterday.归纳拓展threat n威胁，可能带来危险的人(事) threatened adj. 受到威胁的，感到危险的threatening adj. (行为)威胁的即学即练单句语法填空The us
13、e of nuclear weapons is a horrible threat (threaten) to the human beings.He didnt feel threatened (threat) at the news of her succeeding in finishing the work.小片段填空It is said that several older students in that school threatened the younger ones to give them money or they would be punished.The threa
14、t led to many students not going to school.The parents felt the safety of their children threatened and they asked the school to punished the threatening behaviors in the school.据说那所学校的几个年长点的学生威胁年龄小的学生给他们钱否则他们就会受到惩罚。这样的威胁导致很多学生不去上学。家长们觉得他们孩子的安全受到了威胁，要求校方惩罚学校里的威胁人的行为。otherwise adv.& conj.否则，要不然(教材P68
15、)There was water everywhere，but we couldnt drink any of it otherwise wed get really sick.到处都是水，但是我们一滴也不能喝，否则我们就会真的得病。例1He must work really hard，otherwise，he will soon be abandoned by his company and his fans.他必须非常努力地工作，不然他很快就会被公司和歌迷遗弃。例2I need your answer by six oclock tonightotherwise well leave yo
16、u out of it!我必须在今晚六点前得到你的答复，否则我们就把你排除在外！造句抓住这个机会，否则你会后悔的。Seize the chance，otherwise youll regret it.归纳拓展otherwise adv.在其他方面，不同地，用别的方法or otherwise 或相反，或其他情况but otherwise 但在别的方面却即学即练单句语法填空Over 7，000 riders on Beijing subways were fined for putting feet on the seats or otherwise taking up too much spac
17、e.She is not very clever，but otherwise shes a nice girl.Sentence Patternsbe doing.when 正在做这时(教材P68)I was sitting in my room with my cat，Smartie，on my lap，when the roof just flew off.我正坐在房间里，我的猫思马蒂坐在我大腿上，这时屋顶飞了下来。句式分析：本句为一个并列句，when是并列连词，意为“ 正在这时/那时”，相当于and at that time，本句核心句型为：was/were doing.when“当时，
18、正在那时”。例1They were talking about him when he came in.他们正在谈论他，正在那时他走了进来。例2We were doing our homework when the lights went off.我们正在做作业时，灯突然灭了。造句我正在家里学习，这时我的手机响了。I was studying at home when my cellphone rang.归纳拓展when作并列连词常用于下列句型中：(1)sb.was about to do sth.when. sb.was on the point of doing sth.when.某人正要
19、干某事，就在这时 (2)be just going to do sth.when.正要这时(3)sb.had (just) done sth.when.某人刚干完某事，就在这时翻译I was about to go out when it began to rain.(正要出门)He had just finished his homework when his mom asked him to help.(刚完成作业)即学即练单句语法填空He was about to raise (raise) his hand when class was over.He had just sent (s
20、end) an email on the Internet when his computer broke down.the moment 引导时间状语从句(教材P69)He had disappeared the moment the storm hit.暴风雨刚一来袭，他就已经消失了。句式分析：该句是由the moment连接的复合句。the moment意思是：一就例1He rushed out the classroom the moment he saw his mother.他一看到妈妈就从教室里冲了出来。例2The moment I arrived at the station
21、I found my friend waiting there.我一到车站就看到我朋友在那里等我。造句一想起去打篮球，我就觉得激动。I feel excited the moment I think of playing basketball.归纳拓展the moment在句中为名词短语用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“一就”。用作连词引导时间状语从句的名词短语还有：(1)every time，any time，next time，the first time，the last time，by the time，the day等。(2)the instant，the minute意为“一就”相
22、当于as soon as。翻译I think of the happy time we spent together every time I see these photos.(每次)The first time you take part in a race，it is very normal to feel tense.(第一次)即学即练单句语法填空Next time you come (come) to London，do come to pay me a visit.The first time I came (come) to that town，I was deeply impr
23、essed.before在之前(教材P69)Although it was only a few days before we were rescued，it felt like months.尽管仅仅过了几天我们就得救了，但是感觉像过了几个月。句式分析：该句是一个although连接的让步状语从句。其中从句中的before 引导时间状语从句，句型为“It be 过去时间段 before从句(一般过去时)”过时间才例1It was nearly a day before he realized his mistakes and said sorry to his friend.将近一天之后，他
24、才意识到他的错误并向他的朋友道歉。例2It was some time before we knew the truth of the accident.过了一段时间后，我们才了解了事故的真相。造句这种状况或许要过很多年才能得到改善。It may be many years before the situation improves.归纳拓展含before 的常用句式有：(1)It wont be long before.“用不了多久就会”(before从句用一般现在时) (2)It wasnt long before.“没过多久就”(before从句用一般过去时) (3)It will be
25、一段时间before.“要过若干时间之后才”(before从句用一般现在时) 即学即练单句语法填空She and her family hid away for nearly twentyfive months before they were discovered.John thinks it wont be long before he is ready for his new job.主旨大意题提分技巧：快速确定文章大意。没有明显的主题句的文章或段落要通过归纳要点抓大意。主题句位于文章或段落中间类型的文章要从段落中抓大意。主题句出现在开头的文章，如说明文、议论文、科技文献和新闻报道，要从
26、首句中抓大意。段落中出现表示转折的词语(如however，but，in fact，on the contrary，in contrast等)时，其后的句子很可能是主题句。首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答很可能就是主题句。作者有意识地反复强调的观点，通常是主旨；反复出现的词语，一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。典例(2018全国卷阅读理解C节选)Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years，but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.Wh
27、en the world was still populated by huntergatherers，small，tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10，000 years ago，when the world had just five to ten million people，they spoke perhaps 12，000 languages between them.
28、Soon afterwards，many of those people started settling down to become farmers，and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number.In recent centuries，trade，industrialisation，the development of the nationstate and the spread of universal compulsory education，especially globalisation and be
29、tter communications in the past few decades，all have caused many languages to disappear，and dominant languages such as English，Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present，the world has about 6，800 languages.The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven.The general rule is that
30、 mild zones have relatively few languages，often spoken by many people，while hot，wet zones have lots，often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around 200 languages；the Americas about 1，000；Africa 2，400；and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3，200，of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 8
31、00.The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6，000，which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of 6，800 languages are close to extinction (消亡)，with only a few elderly speakers left.Pick，at random，Busuu in Cameroon (eight rema
32、ining speakers)，Chiapaneco in Mexico (150)，Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one，with a questionmark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.31What is the main idea of the text?ANew languages will be created.BPeoples lifestyles are reflected in l
33、anguages.CHuman development results in fewer languages.DGeography determines language evolution.C第一段说明语言已有几千年的历史，但有一些语言正在消失；第二段说明随着人类社会的发展，语言变得更少；第三段说明语言的分布是不均匀的；第四段介绍了超过400种语言正面临消亡的威胁。整篇文章主要说明的是由于人类社会的发展导致了语言变得越来越少。故选C。请快速确定这篇文章节选的主旨大意(2017浙江卷阅读理解A节选)Benjamin West，the father of American painting，sh
34、owed his talent for art when he was only six years of age.But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one.In those days，a brush was made from camels hair.There were no camels nearby.Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead.He cut some fur from the family cat to mak
35、e a brush.In 1747，when Benjamin was nine years old，Mr.Pennington returned for another visit.He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift.He asked Benjamins parents if he might take the boy back to Philadelphia for a visit.In the city，Mr.Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil pa
36、intings.The boy began a landscape (风景) painting.William Williams，a wellknown painter，came to see him work.Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home.The books were long and dull.Benjamin could read only a little，having been a poor student.But he late
37、r said，“Those two books were my companions by day，and under my pillow at night.” While it is likely that he understood very little of the books，they were his introduction to classical paintings.The nineyearold boy decided then that he would be an artist.21What is the text mainly about？()ABenjamins v
38、isit to Philadelphia.BWilliams influence on Benjamin.CThe beginning of Benjamins life as an artist.DThe friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.C根据第一段第一句“Benjamin West，the father of American painting，showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age.”以及选文第二段第一句“In 1747，when Benjamin was
39、 nine years old”和最后一段，并结合全文可知，本文主要讲述了艺术家本杰明韦斯特少年时代的艺术启蒙。本单元的写作项目是写自然灾害时的安全指导，这种题目要求根据可能遇到的危险的内容有针对性地写出遇险时的安全指导。基本框架1开头(beginning)分析遇到的危险2主体1(body1)介绍危险来临前的各种准备3主体2(body2)危险中的各种应对措施4主体3(body3)写出危险中不应该做的常用词块1Organize personnel protection 组织人员防护2Move to a safe place转移到安全地带3Avoid walking on banks and br
40、idges避免在岸边和桥上行走4Pay attention when walking in water.在积水中行走要注意观察。5Get off the high hill从高山上下来6Dont climb the trees when there is lightning.闪电时不要爬树。7Cover your mouth and nose with wet clothes or towel用湿的衣物或毛巾捂住口鼻8Hold your head quickly迅速抱住头部9Send the poisoned or burned person to hospital将中毒或烧伤人员送医院救治常
41、用语句精彩开头1If you are trapped in the flood what will you do to help yourself?如果你被困在洪水中，你该怎么做来自救？2If you find somewhere around you is on fire，how will you escape safely?如果你发现周围的某个地方着火了，你怎么安全逃生？3When there is an earthquake，you must obey the following rules to keep yourself safe.如果发生地震，你必须遵循以下规则来保证自己的安全。丰
42、满主体1Attention should be paid to prevent smoke poisoning，prevent suffocation.要注意防止烟雾中毒，预防窒息。2When opening a room door，touch the door with the back of your hand first，see whether it is hot.开房间门时，先用手背接触房门，看是否发热。3When you cant escape，dont hide in the attic or closet.当无路可逃时，不要藏在顶楼或者壁橱等地方。4Learn more self
43、rescue common sense in advance.提前学会更多的自救常识。余味结尾1Helping those who are in need is making a great difference.帮助需要帮助的人让这个世界大不同。2Keep in mind that you should keep calm and dont panic.要记住保持冷静不要慌乱。夏天即将来临，暴雨增多，积水增加，洪水泛滥。新华学校为了增加学生的安全自救常识，准备了一份关于暴风雨时的安全知识宣传海报。请根据以下提示拟定海报内容。1收听广播或看电视，了解天气信息。2一旦遇到洪水，尽量待在高处，或者
44、抓住能在水中漂浮的东西。3暴雨中不要在大树下避雨，尽量避免在积水深的地方行走。4要求：1.词数：80左右；2可适当增加细节，以使文章连贯。 参考范文Flood Safety GuidelineSummer is drawing near.In order to keep you safe in case of flood，keep the following in mind：Things to do before a flood：Keep yourself informed of the weather forecast and take your raincoat or umbrella i
45、n time.Things to do during a flood：In case of a flood，stay at a higher place waiting for rescue, or catch something that can float on the water to rescue yourself.Things not to do during a flood：Dont try to find shelter under high trees.Pay more attention to the deep water and avoid walking in water.
