1、2012高考英语总复习：一轮复习Unit 5The power of nature1appoint vt.任命；委派He appointed Williams as his deputy in the city of York.他任命威廉姆斯作为他在约克郡的代理人。He was appointed mayor of the city.他被任命为这个城市的市长。上一页appoint sb.任命某人appoint sb.as/to be.任命某人为appoint sb.to do sth.委派某人做某事appoint sth.(for sth.)(为某事)确定(日期、场所)The time app
2、ointed for the meeting was 10：30.规定开会的时间是10点30分。上一页appointment n 任命；委派；约会break an/ones appointment 违约；失约have an appointment with sb.和某人有约会keep an/ones appointment 守约make/fix an appointment with sb.与某人约会上一页学以致用(单项填空)We must _a new teacher at once to the mountain school.(2010南通模拟)Aappreciate Bappoint
3、Cappeal Dapproach上一页上一页【解析】句意：我们必须马上委派一名新教师到那所山村学校去。appreciate“感激”；appoint“任命；委派”；appeal“呼吁；吸引”；approach“接近；靠近”。根据句意可知，答案选B。【答案】B2.suit n一套外衣；套装；vt.适合；使适宜Mitchell wore a suit and tie to the Christmas party.米切尔穿着套装，打着领带去参加圣诞聚会。The new dress suited her very well.那套新服装和她很相配。上一页suit sth.to sth.使某物适合于另一事
4、物be suited for/to.适合be suitable for sb./sth.适合于某人/某物be suitable to do sth.适合做某事He tried to suit his performance to the audience.他尽力使自己的表演迎合观众的口味。上一页上一页(1)suit指衣服等的颜色、款式、花样等适合。也可指时间等合适。Does this skirt suit me？这条裙子我穿着好看吗？Does Friday suit you？星期五，你方便吗？(2)fit多指衣服等的尺寸、大小合身，合适。I tried the dress on but it
5、didnt fit.It was too small.我试穿了那条连衣裙，但不合身。它太小了。(3)match意为“使相称；使相配；使匹配”，指事物在大小、色调、性质等方面的搭配。Her clothes dont match her age.她的服装和年龄不相配。fit/suit/match上一页学以致用(单项填空)Her shoes_her dress；they look very well together.(2008天津高考)Asuit Bfit Ccompare Dmatch【解析】句意：她的鞋和她的裙子很匹配，搭配得很好。suit是指颜色、花样或款式等相配；fit是大小、尺寸等正合适
6、；compare意为“比较”；match指两个东西相称、匹配。【答案】D上一页3.anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的She was extremely anxious about her exams.她因考试感到极度不安。The company was anxious to avoid any trouble.公司急于避开一切麻烦。上一页be anxious to do sth.渴望做某事be anxious for sb.to do sth.渴望某人做某事be anxious about/for sb./sth.对某人/某事感到忧虑be anxious that.渴望(that从句用虚拟
7、语气should动词原形，should可以省略)上一页Im very anxious about my sons health.我非常担心儿子的健康。She was anxious for them all to leave her room.她渴望他们全部都离开她的房间。上一页Most female workers in Shanghai suffer from _connected to the global financial crisis，according to a recent survey.(2010杭州模拟)Acuriosity BeagernessCanxiety Dthir
8、st学以致用(单项填空)上一页【解析】句意：根据最近的一份调查，上海大部分女性员工都承受着全球经济危机带来的焦虑。curiosity“好奇”；eagerness“渴望”；anxiety“焦虑；担心”；thirst“口渴”。根据句意可知，答案为C。【答案】C上一页4.panic vi.&vt.惊慌n.惊慌；恐慌We are not going to be panicked into a decision.我们决不会被吓得慌慌张张地做决定。The crowd panicked at the sound of the guns.人们听到枪声感到惊慌。The thought of flying fil
9、ls me with panic.我一想到飞行就吓得战战兢兢。上一页panic over/about/at.因而恐慌panic sb.into doing sth.使某人惊慌地做get into a panicbe thrown into a panic 使陷入惊慌状态in a state of panic 惊恐万状be in a panic 处在恐慌中上一页She got into a real panic when she thought shed lost the tickets.她一想到自己把入场券丢了就十分惊慌。上一页panic的过去式、过去分词分别为panicked，panicke
10、d。上一页上一页学以致用(单项填空)He_and ran as fast as he could to safety.Apanicked BpanickedCto panic Dpanicking【解析】句意：他很惊慌，赶快跑到安全的地方。panic的过去式和过去分词都是panicked；空格处是句子的谓语，非谓语形式不能独立作谓语。故答案选B。【答案】B上一页5.guarantee vt.保证；担保Take this opportunity，and I guarantee you wont regret it.抓住这个机会吧，我保证你不会后悔的。上一页上一页guarantee sb.agai
11、nst/from.保证某人免受(伤害、危险等)guarantee to do sth.保证去做某事guarantee.to sb.向某人担保/保证be guaranteed to do sth.必定做某事guarantee sb.sth.保证某人某事上一页The company guarantees to refund your money.公司保证退还您的钱。Even if you complete your training，I cant guarantee you a job.即使你完成了培训，我也无法保证你能有工作。guarantee n 保证；保证书；担保；抵押品give sb.a
12、guarantee that.向某人担保(be)under guarantee 在保修期内Wealth is not a guarantee of happiness.财富不是幸福的保证。You have my guarantee that Ill finish the job on time.我向你保证按时完成工作。上一页上一页学以致用(单项填空)Can you_me a job when I get there？You know，I have to work in order to pay for my schooling.Aprovide Bguarantee Carrange Dapp
13、ly【解析】根据本题中的“I have to work in order to pay for my schooling”可知，说话者必须支付学费，在这种情况下，其最想问的应当是能不能保证给他找到一份工作，所以D项最符合句意。guarantee sb.sth.“向某人保证某事”。【答案】B上一页6make ones way前往Look！Many children are making their way to the beach.看！很多孩子正往海滩走去。Though it was raining hard，he made his way to school.尽管雨下得很大，他还是朝学校赶去。
14、上一页feel ones way摸索着前行fight/push ones way 奋斗/推挤着前行lose ones way 迷路force ones way out 挤出去；冲出去push ones way in 挤进去show sb.the way 为某人指路get in the way 妨碍wind ones way 蜿蜒前进上一页Without experience in it，we have to feel our way.由于在这方面没有经验，我们只能摸索着前进。We fought our way through the forest.我们穿过森林前进。Try and push y
15、our way through the crowd.试着从人群中挤过去。上一页上一页学以致用(单项填空)Would you be able to make your _to the airport?Away Bpath Cstreet Droad上一页【解析】句意：你能自己去机场吗？make ones way to“向去；前往”，为固定搭配。【答案】A7 glance through匆匆看一遍Would you care to glance through it？你要不要浏览一下？I was so busy this morning that I could only glance throu
16、gh the newspaper.今天早上我太忙了，只能粗略地翻一下报纸。Perhaps youd like to glance through our catalogue.也许你愿意看看我们的商品目录。上一页glance at sb./sth.匆匆一瞥at a(single)glance 看一眼at first glance 乍看之下glance at/down/over/through sth.迅速地或草草地看/读上一页学以致用(翻译句子)他问可不可以翻翻我的相簿。(glance through)He asked if he might glance through my album.上一
17、页8vary from.to.由到不等The situation varies slightly from country to country.在不同的国家情况稍有不同。Opinions on this matter vary from person to person.对于这件事，人人意见不一。上一页vary in sth.(大小、形状等)不同；有别vary with 随变化；改变vary between.and.从到转变various adj.各种各样的；多姿多彩的variety n.不同种类；多样化；变体a variety ofvarious 各种各样的上一页The girls com
18、e from a variety of different backgrounds.姑娘们的出身背景各异。For various reasons，he didnt attend the meeting.因种种原因，他没参加会议。上一页学以致用(选词填空：in/with/from)Opinions vary from one to another.The flowers vary in colour and size.Prices usually vary with the quality of the commodities.上一页9I was fast asleep when suddenl
19、y my bed began shaking and I heard a strange sound，like a railway train passing my window.我睡得正酣，正在这时我的床开始晃动，我听到一种奇怪的声音，就像一列火车正从我窗外驶过。(1)when引导时间状语从句，在此状语从句中，and连接两个并列的句子。like a railway train passing my window为介词短语作定语，修饰sound，而a railway train passing my window为like的复合宾语。上一页(2)“be形容词/表示状态的介词短语when.”表示
20、“正在做某事，就在这时”。I was fast asleep when suddenly there was a loud noise outside my room.我睡得正香，就在这时房外传来巨大的噪音。He was on a journey to Europe when he received her call.他正在去欧洲的旅行中，就在这时他接到了她的电话。We were on the road to airport when suddenly I remembered I had left my passport home.我们正在去飞机场的路上，这时我突然想起我把护照忘在了家里。上
21、一页be about to do sth.when.正要做某事，就在这时be doingwhen.正在做某事，就在这时(分句中的动作往往是短暂性的)had just done when.刚做过某事，就在这时上一页学以致用(单项填空)The boys were about to go out to play football _ suddenly it began to rain.Awhen Bas Cwhile Dthen 上一页【解析】句意：这些男孩子刚要出去踢足球这时下起雨来。本题考查“be about to do when.”的句型，意为“正要做某事，就在这时”。其中when相当于and
22、 just then，不可以用while，as等替换。【答案】A上一页10The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but this being my first experience，I stayed at the top and watched them.另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。句中的this being my first experience为独立主格结构。(1)独立主格结构是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的
23、一种独立结构，用于修饰整个句子。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构与主句不存在句法上的联系，它的位置相当灵活，可置于主句前、主句末或主句中，常由逗号将其与主句分开。需要特别注意的是，独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。上一页(2)独立主格结构基本构成形式为：名词(代词)现在分词(过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/名词/介词短语)The guide leading the way，we had no trouble getting out of the forest.向导领着路，我们毫不费劲地走出了森林。The workers worked still h
24、arder，their living conditions greatly improved.由于工人们的生活条件大大提高，他们工作得更起劲了。The floor wet，we had to stay outside for a while.地面很湿，我们只好在外面呆一会儿。The meeting over，we all went home.会议结束了，我们都回家了。上一页He suggested going for a picnic，Mary to provide the food.他建议去野餐，由玛丽负责提供食物。Many people joined in the work，some of
25、 them women and children.许多人参加了这项工作，其中一些人是妇女和儿童。The teacher came in，book in hand.老师进来了，手里拿着一本书。上一页学以致用(单项填空)The boys were happily making a snowman，_with cold.Atheir faces red Btheir faces were redCtheir faces turned red Dtheir faces to be red上一页【解析】句意：男孩子们在欢快地堆雪人，他们的脸冻得发红。本题考查由“名词形容词”构成的独立主格结构作伴随状语。
26、【答案】A上一页11It is said that this boy，who had a great gift for languages and persuasion，is the father of the Manchu people.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。(1)It is said that.表示“据说”的意思，实际上it为形式主语，真正的主语是that是引导的主语从句。相当于people say that.的意思。(2)该结构还可以改成sb.is said to do.结构。但要注意根据动词不定式和is said动作之间的时间关系，使用不定式的一般
27、式、进行式或完成式。John is said to be one of the best teachers in the school.It is said that John is one of the best teachers in the school.据说约翰是这个学校最好的老师之一。He is said to have written a new book about workers.It is said that he has written a new book about workers.据说他写了一本有关工人的新书。上一页It is thought that.大家认为It
28、is believed that.人们相信It is hoped that.人们希望It is reported that.据报道It is wellknown that.众所周知It is generally considered that.大家普遍认为It is supposed that.据推测上一页学以致用(单项填空)It is often _ that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.(2009全国高考)Asaid Bto say Csaying Dbeing said上一页【解析】句意：经常听人说人类天生具有说话的能力。It is said that.为固定句式，意为“据说”。【答案】A上一页
