1、Section Grammar&Writing写作专题突破Unit 1语法专题突破Section 语法专题突破动词的ing 形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语讲解归纳作表语的动词的ing形式可分为现在分词和动名词。用法举例现在分词作表语表明主语的特征、性质或所处的状态。常作表语，表达主语状态特征的现在分词有：amusing逗人的charming迷人的encouraging令人鼓舞的今晚的电视节目真的很有趣。The sleeping beauty was so charming.睡美人真是太迷人了。The situation is encouraging.这个形势鼓舞人心。用法举例disappoint
2、ing令人失望的discouraging令人丧气的convincing令人信服的astonishing令人吃惊的这类分词几乎已经变成了形容词。The theory sounds quite convincing.这个说法听起来很有说服力。It was astonishing to everyone that the court had made such a decision.法庭竟作出这样的裁决，这使大家惊讶。用法举例动名词作表语是对主语内容的解释说明，这时主语和表语的位置可互换。The real problem is getting to know the needs of the peo
3、ple.真正的问题是了解人民的需要。Reading is learning，but applying is also learning and the more kind of learning at that.读书是学习，应用也是学习，而且是更重要的学习。用法举例动名词和动词不定式都可以作表语。一般说来，在表示比较抽象的一般行为时多用动名词；而表示具体某个动作，特别是将来的动作时，多用不定式。Their job is building houses.他们的工作是盖房子。Our task now is to increase food production.我们现在的任务是增加粮食产量。2.动
4、词的ing形式作定语动词的ing形式作定语一般有两种含义，有的可置于名词前，有的需要置于名词后。用法举例表示被修饰词的某种用途，此时动词的ing形式常置于被修饰词的前面。a reading room阅览室a walking stick拐杖a washing machine洗衣机a measuring tape卷尺，皮尺用法举例表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近于一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性的动作或当时的状态。Do you know the man sitting in the middle of the first row？你认识坐在第一排中间的那个人吗？Th
5、e car waiting nearby is a Ford.停在附近的那辆小汽车是福特车。Those wishing to join this club should sign here.想加入本俱乐部的人在这里签名。3.动词的ing形式作宾语补足语用法举例现在分词经常用于动词see，hear，notice，watch，keep，find，get，have，feel，set，leave，catch等后作宾语补足语，句He tried to start the engine running.他设法把发动机发动起来。His remark left me wondering what he was
6、 driving at他的话使我摸不清他到底是什么意思。用法举例子变为被动语态时，则作主语补足语。现在分词作宾补(主补)表达了宾语(主语)当时正在发生的动作(即处于发生的过程中，还没结束)，或者动作的连续性、重复Im sorry to have kept you waiting.对不起，让你久等了。Suddenly we heard someone knocking gently on the window.忽然我们听见有人在轻轻敲窗户。用法举例性。作宾补的现在分词表示的动作是由宾语发出的，即其逻辑关系为主谓关系。I suddenly felt myself being hit by a he
7、avy fist.我突然感到被重重地打了一拳。.完成句子1(2011年高考课标全国卷)他看到的下一件事就是烟从房子后面冒出来。The next thing he saw was smoke _.语法专练语法专练rising from behind the house2.(2011年高考山东卷)往那看有一条很长很曲折的小路通向那所房子。Look over theretheres a verylong，winding path_.leading up to the house3(2011年高考江西卷)一接到他妻子的电话，说她摔了一跤，戈登先生立即从他的办公室跑回家了。On receiving a
8、phone call from his wife _，Mr.Gordon immediately rushed home from his office.saying she had a fall4(2011年高考江苏卷)最近，一项对比两家不同超市同种货物价格的调查引起了市民们的热议。Recently a survey _ the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among paring prices of5(2010年高考浙江卷)交通规则规定：四岁以下，体重不到40磅的小孩必须坐在安全的座位上
9、。The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _ must be in a child safety seat.weighing less than 40 pounds6(2010年高考湖南卷)听！你听到有人在呼救吗？Listen!Do you hear someone _？7报告表明，45%的学生所从事的工作不需要特定的资格证书。The report indicated that 45%of students were in jobs _.calling for helpnot requiring specif
10、ic qualifications8(2009年高考全国卷)他们使用电脑来保证交通顺畅。They use computers to _ the traffic _smoothly.keeprunning9(2009年高考浙江卷)有很多证据显示，音乐活动与大脑的很多部分有关。There is a great deal of evidence_that music activities engage different parts of the brain.indicating10(2009年高考江西卷)政府计划出台新的法律，迫使父母对孩子的教育承担更多的责任。The government pla
11、ns to bring in new laws _the education of their children.forcing parents to take more responsibility for.句型转换1.Do you know the boy sitting under the tree?Do you know the boy_ under the tree?who is sitting2I wonder the name of the tall man who is speaking to our teacher.I wonder who is the tall man _
12、to our teacher.3.There is an old man living alone in that house.There is an old man _ alone in that house.speakingwho lives4The girl standing by the school gate is my sister.The girl _by the school gate is my sister.5The sleeping girl is her daughter.The girl _ is her daughter.who is standingwho is
13、sleeping.阅读下面句子，按照句子结构的语法性和意义连贯的要求，使用括号中词语的正确形式填空1He had a wonderful childhood，_(travel)with his mother to all corners of the world.2_(look)at my classmatestravelingLookingfaces，I read the same excitement in their eyes.3The man_(stand)by the window is our teacher.4The lady walked around the shops，_(
14、keep)an eye out for bargains.standingkeeping5The old man，after_(work)abroad for twenty years，is on the way back home.6_(watch)the opening ceremony of 2010 Asian Games held in Guangzhou was_(excite)having workedWatchingexciting7I had great difficulty_(find)the suitable food on the menu in that restau
15、rant.8_(follow)his teacher，John went into the room.9The lawyer listened with full attention，_(try)not to miss any point.10The young woman was accused of_(steal)in the supermarket.findingFollowingtryingstealing写作专题突破【写作例题】幽默可以对人产生很多影响，比如：使人发笑，让人容易亲近，缓解精神压力，能使人长寿等等。请根据下面提示，写一篇英语短文，包括以下内容：1你如何看待幽默的人；2幽
16、默的作用；3你对幽默的认识。【写作要求】1只能使用5个句子来表达全部内容。2可以适当增减细节，以使行文连贯。【要点词汇】1幽默的_2缓解，释放_3压力_4与相处_5而且，并且_6制造，导致_humorousrelievepressureget along withbesidesproduce【句式结构】1与幽默的人谈话，可以让我们得到更多的笑声，从而使我们感觉快乐和更年轻。_ we are talking with a humorous person，well get more laughter_.Ifwhich can make us feel happy and much younger2
17、幽默可以缓解压力，因此人们都愿意和幽默的人进行交谈。Humor can make us_which is produced by our studies，our work or our lives，so all of us want to _.relieve pressuretalk with persons who are humorous3我认为幽默的人很容易相处。I think those_are easy to_.who are humorousget along well with【连句成篇】_【佳作欣赏】I really like people who are humorous.I
18、f we are talking with a humorous person，well get more laughter which can make us feel happy and much younger.Whats more，humor can make us relieve pressure which is producedby ourstudies，our work or our lives，so all of us want to talk with persons who are humorous.At the same time，I think those who a
19、re humorous are easy to get along well with.Besides，a humorous remark can make the people around us easily become our friends.【技巧点拨】范文能根据写作内容和写作要求，从三个方面对幽默的效果进行了介绍。作者没有单纯地罗列一些说明幽默效果的简单句，而是充分注意了句子与句子之间的内在联系，充分运用了较复杂句式和较高级词汇，提高了文章的档次。衔接词汇的运用是这篇短文的一大亮点。另外，文章用词准确，语法结构正确，是一篇优秀的说明文。课时训练课时训练Zhao Benshan，a
20、Chinese famous comedian，is known as Eastern Chaplin.He is wellknown for his humour and funny gestures.As an outstanding performer，his talent often makes peopleastonishing.Mr.Zhao uses his humourous performances to amuse the audience.词语串串练词语串串练Mr.Zhao was born in an ordinaryfarm family.When he was on
21、ly six，he became homeless because of his parentsdeath.Fortunately，he was adopted by his blind uncle，who was also badly off.He was often hungry and wore wornoutclothes.Sometimes having apancakewas a great pleasure for him.But he was full of confidenceabout life.Mr.Zhao studied to play erhu，xianzi and
22、 perform errenzhuan.Having overcomemany difficulties，Mr.Zhao got success.In 1990 he performed on CCTV1 and got the firstprize and he became famous throughout China.Since then he has appeared on many important occasions.And his performances gained the positive responses.He also picked out some talent
23、ed personsto be his students，such as Xiao Shenyang.Not content with his Xiaopin，in recent years，Mr.Zhao has directed many films and TV plays，and starred in them.赵本山，中国的一位著名喜剧演员，被称为“东方的卓别林”。他因幽默和滑稽的姿态而出名。作为一名杰出的表演者，他的天赋常常使观众们惊诧。赵老师用他幽默的表演逗乐观众。赵老师出生在一个普通的农民家庭。在他只有六岁时，由于父母去世，他成了无家可归的人。幸运的是，他的盲人叔叔收养了他，叔
24、叔也很穷困。赵老师常常挨饿，穿得破破烂烂的。有时候，能吃上煎饼对他来说就是一种快乐了。但他对生活依旧充满了信心。赵老师学拉二胡，弹弦子，表演二人转。克服了很多的困难后，赵老师获得了成功。1990年他上了中央一台，获得了一等奖，在全中国出了名。从那以后，他就出现在一些重要的场合。他的表演得到了(观众的)积极反应。他也挑选一些有天赋的人做他的学生，比如小沈阳。不满足只表演小品，赵老师近几年导演了很多电影和电视剧，而且在里面担任主角。到目前为止，他已经拥有30多部电影和电视剧了。有些人物虽然是失败者，但他们对生活却很乐观。同时，赵老师的人品也是令人信服的。他从未因为自己的名声和成功而远离了普通的人们。本部分内容讲解结束点此进入课件目录按ESC键退出全屏播放谢谢使用
