1、Section Grammar&Writing写作专题突破Unit 1语法专题突破Section 语法专题突破情态动词七、need1need表示“需要”、“必需”。通常用在否定句或疑问句中，且只有现在时。He neednt pay for it.这东西他不必付钱。Need you go now?你需要现在走吗？Yes，I must.是 的，我 必 须 走。(No，I neednt.)2neednt have done表示没有必要做而做了。It was so near.We neednt have taken a taxi.这么近呀，我们本没必要坐出租车的。3若用作实义动词时，其变化与一般动词相
2、同。You need to be careful.你得小心些。You dont need to be so worried.(You neednt be so worried.)你不必这么担心。Doesnt he need to come again？(Neednt he come again？)他不必再来了吗？八、dare1dare表示“敢”。通常用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句中。She dare not do so.她不敢这么做。Dare he tell them what he knows?他敢告诉他们他知道的事吗？You will be punished if you dare brea
3、k the rules.如果你敢违反规定的话你将受到惩罚。2用作实义动词时，其变化形式与一般动词相同，肯定句中要跟带to的不定式，而在否定句和疑问句中不定式to可要可不要。This student doesnt dare(to)raise any question in class.课上这个学生不敢提任何问题。I suppose he dares to tell the manager the truth.我想他敢告诉经理真相。Do you dare(to)drive a car on such a crowded road?你敢在这么拥挤的街道上开车吗？注意：dare作情态动词和实义动词的过
4、去式都是dared。He dared not tell us the truth.他不敢告诉我们真相。He dared to challenge all kinds of difficulties.他敢于挑战各种困难。九、“情态动词have done”的用法情态动词完成式用法例句must have done表示对过去已经发生的行为进行推测，意为“想必/准是/一定做了某事”。It must have rained last night，for the road was quite muddy.The lights were out.They must have been asleep.情态动词完
5、成式用法例句Can.have done/cannot have done表示对过去发生的行为的怀疑和不肯定，通常用在否定句和疑问句中。Can he have gone to his aunts？He cannot have forgotten it.could have done可用于肯定句中，表示“可能已经”之意。此外，还可以表示过去没有实现的可能性，意为“本来可以”I saw Mr.Wang just now.He couldnt have gone to Beijing.情态动词完成式用法例句may/might have done表示对过去已发生行为的推测，意为“也许/或许已经(没有)”
6、。一般只用于肯定句或否定句中(在否定句中表示“可能不”)，不用于疑问句。用might则表示语气更加不肯定。Its too late.I think he may have gone to bed.He may not have finished the work.She might have caught a cold.情态动词完成式用法例句might have done表示“本来可能”，但实际上没有发生的事。另外，还可以表示“本来应该或可以做某事”之意，含有轻微的责备语气。You should not have swum in that sea.You might have been eat
7、en by fish.You might have given him more help，though you were busy.情态动词完成式用法例句should/ought to have done用于肯定句时，表示“本该做某事，而实际上未做”；用于否定句时，则表示“不该做某事反而做了”。You should have come to the meeting earlier.You ought to have done this exercise more carefully.You shouldnt have told her the truth.He ought not to ha
8、ve treated his parents like that.情态动词完成式用法例句neednt have done表示“做了本来不必去做的事”。注意：didnt need to do表示“没必要做而实际上也没有做某事”。You neednt have taken a taxi here，for it was very near to my house.I didnt need to clean the windows.My brother did it.had better have done用于事后的建议，含轻微责备的口吻，意为“当时做了某事就好了”，其否定式had better no
9、t have done表达相反的含义。You had better have started earlier.You had better not have scolded her.情态动词完成式用法例句would ratherhave done表示“当时宁愿做某事”，其否定式would rather not have done表达相反的含义，两者都表示“后悔”之意。I would rather have taken his advice.I raised objections at the meeting，but now I would rather not have done that.情
10、态动词完成式用法例句would like/love to have done表示过去愿意做某事，但未做成。I would love to have gone to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.完成句子1(2010年 高 考 湖 南 卷 改 编)You _(没有必要买)a gift，but you can if you want to.答案：dont have to buy2(2010年高考陕西卷改编)May I take this book out of the reading ro
11、om?No，you _(不 可 以)You read it here.答案：mustnt语法专练语法专练3(2010年 高 考 天 津 卷 改 编)Mark _(本来没必要那么慌的)After driving at top speed，he arrived half an hour early.答案：neednt have hurried 4(2011年 高 考 课 标 全 国 卷 改 编)They_(本应该到达的)at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.答案：should have arrived5(2011年 高 考 江 苏 卷 改 编)I le
12、ft my handbag on the train，but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.How unbelievable to get it back!I mean，someone_(原本可能把它偷走的)it.答案：might have stolen6I told your friend how to get to the hotel，but perhaps I _(本应该用车把她带到这里)答案：should have driven her there7The boss has given everyone a special
13、holiday，so we _(没必要)go to work tomorrow.答案：neednt8 Ill tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.You _(你本应该上周就告诉她的)her last week.答案：should have told9 Being afraid of making mistakes，the little boy _(不 敢 回 答)answer his teachers question.答案：doesnt dare10He _(一定是解决了)all his problems；otherwise，he wouldnt be
14、so relaxed.答案：must have solved11There was a lot of fun at last nights party.You _(本应该来的)，but why didnt you?答案：should have come12Sir，you _(不应该坐)in this waiting room.It is for women and children only.答案：oughtnt to be sitting13Oh，Im not feeling well in the stomach.I _(本 不 应 该 吃 这 么 多)fried chicken just
15、 now.答案：shouldnt have eaten so much14Tom is never late for work.Why is he absent today?Something _(一定出事了)to him.答案：must have happened15(2011年 郑 州 高 一 检 测 改 编)I havent seen Mr.White for weeks.What _(可能发生了)him?答案：can have happened to.用适当的情态动词填空1I have not a raincoat with me.Thats why I _ wait until th
16、e rain stops.2The last bus has left.We _ walk home.3The weather was bad.We _ wait for two hours at the airport before we took off.4Must we finish the composition in class?No，you _.5You _ read that book if you dont want to.6_I water the trees on Tuesday?No，you neednt.7He is so strong that I _ fight a
17、gainst him.8We _(receive)the letter yesterday，but it didnt arrive.9When we got to the cinema，the film hasnt started yet，so we _(hurry)10When I got to the cinema，the film had already started；I _(get)there earlier.答 案：1.have to2.have to/will have to3.had to4neednt/dont have to5.neednt6.Must7 dare not8
18、.ought to have received9.neednt have hurried10.ought to have got/should have got写作专题突破突破话题Healthy Eating【写作内容】假如你是Lucy，你的朋友Mike在饮食方面存在一些问题：不太喜欢吃蔬菜、鸡蛋和粗粮；不爱喝牛奶。请就以下要点给他写封信，劝他改变这种不良的饮食习惯。1平衡膳食结构的重要性；2新鲜蔬菜、鸡蛋、粗粮、牛奶等与身体健康的关系；3祝他身体健康，学习进步。【写作要求】1必须使用5个句子介绍出所给的全部内容；2文章的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入句子总数；3可适当发挥，以使行文连贯。参考词汇
19、：粗粮coarse grains；效率efficiencyDear Mike，I have learned that in your daily meals you dont like to eat fresh vegetables，eggs，coarse grains and even dislike drinking milk._Wish you good health and great progress in your lessons!Yours，Lucy【要点词汇】1说实话_2富含_3造成(结果)_4也，还有_5从得到_6强健体魄_7平衡膳食_答案：1.to be honest2.b
20、e rich in.3.result in4.as well as5.get from.6.build ones body7.keep a balanced diet【句式结构】1说实话，你需要吃些富含营养的食物，否则会造成学习时缺少能量和效率。_，you need to eat food _ nutrients _ it will _ energy and efficiency in your study.答案：To be honest；rich in；or；result in less2人们广泛地认为新鲜的蔬菜和牛奶不仅含有我们所需要的大量的钙，还有维生素。_widely _fresh v
21、egetables and milk _ plenty of minerals _ vitamins we need.答案：It is；believed that；contain；as well as3平衡膳食是健康生活最好的办法。_ a balanced diet _ the best way to _ a healthy life.答案：Keeping；is；enjoy【连句成篇】_【佳作欣赏】Dear Mike，I have learned that in your daily meals you dont like to eat fresh vegetables，eggs，coarse
22、 grains and even dislike drinking milk.Are you really sure you can stay healthy without a balanced diet?To be honest，you need to eat food rich in nutrients or it will result in less energy and efficiency in your study.It is widely believed that fresh vegetables and milk contain plenty of minerals as
23、 well as vitamins we need.Proteins，which we get from eggs and beans，are very important for building our body.I really think keeping a balanced diet is the best way to enjoy a healthy life.Wish you good health and great progress in your lessons!Yours，Lucy【名师点评】要想使自己的作文成为一篇语句通顺、表达清晰的佳作，并获得理想的分数，修改、完善文
24、章是必不可少的一步。修改文章时要注意以下几点：1)拼写、语法的正确性，注意句子的时态、语态、主谓一致、固定搭配等；2)句子的多样性，尽量使用不同句式以及复杂句式，提高文章的档次；3)由于题目要求只能用5个句子表达全部内容，要有效地使用语句间的连接成分，以增加文章的连贯性和层次性，避免语句表达单一化，并使文章上下文连贯、流畅。【佳句背诵】1To be honest，you need to eat food rich in nutrients or it will result in less energy and efficiency in your study.2I really think
25、keeping a balanced diet is the best way to enjoy a healthy life.课时训练课时训练词语串串练词语串串练Alice，once a famous hostess，suffered from obesity one year ago.She is too fat to continue her work.To become slim and earn her living，she decided to lose weight.At first，she took slimming pills.The shop assistant said
26、that the pills would help her lose weight before long.He said many strengths of the pills and discounted it by 20%.When asked what its weakness was，he said there was none.But unfortunately，Alice continued to put on weight.She brought a suit agaist the shop and wouldnt have them getting away with tel
27、ling customers lies.Then she consulted the health expert about how to lose weight.The expert told her that she ought to limit her diet，have a healthy and balanced diet，cut down on fat and sugar and eat more raw fruit and vegetables，such as cucumber and peach.艾丽斯曾经是一位著名的女主持人，一年以前她得了肥胖症。她太胖了，以至于不能继续工作
28、了。为了使自己变得苗条，也为了谋生，她决定减肥。一开始，她吃减肥药。店员说这些药能帮助她不久以后减轻体重。他说了这种药的很多优点，而且还给她打了8折。当问及这种药的缺点时，他说没有。但不幸的是，艾丽斯继续增重。她起诉了药店，绝不允许他们向顾客撒谎而逃脱惩罚。然后，她就如何减肥咨询了一位健康专家。这位专家告诉她应该限制自己的饮食，吃健康而平衡的饮食，减少脂肪和糖的摄入，多吃未加工的水果和蔬菜，比如说黄瓜和桃子。同时，她还可以喝点醋，吃些容易消化的食品。同时，专家还建议她进行定期的锻炼。只有通过将饮食和锻炼结合起来，她才能重新获得她的苗条身材和高薪水的工作。你知道，艾丽斯那时已欠了很多债。艾丽斯从专家的建议中获得了大量的好处。在三个月内，她已经减了25磅了。本部分内容讲解结束点此进入课件目录按ESC键退出全屏播放谢谢使用
