1、Unit 3 CelebrationItemsStudying aims and demandsWords名 词：graduation,scholarship,wedding,dragon,turkey,occasion,lantern,celebration,power,darkness,battery,tradition,alcohol,reception,salary,teenager,bunch,congratulation,bride,bridegroom,ceremony,entrance,invitation,stocking,pole,envelope,decoration,b
2、reast,adult,production,needle,pillow,mat,litre,mess动词：destroy,decorate,boil,serve,retire,apply,attend,ought,contribute,link,swallow,fry形容词：traditional,sticky,merry副词：nowadays,smartly,seriously,unfortunatelyExpressions the Mid-Autumn Festival,the Dragon Boat Festival,bean paste,the Lantern Festival,l
3、unar month,burn down,sweet dumpling,take part in,hot pot,apply for,depend on,on time,best man,even if,the North Pole,put up,carry on,as wellSentences1.On this day,the moon is said to be its biggest and brightest.2.As it is in early summer,it marks the beginning of the hottest season of the year.3.It
4、 is called zongzi,which is sticky rice in fresh bamboo leaves.4.At the bottom of the bed was the stocking,now full of all kinds of small presents and sweets.Grammar1.The passive()(被动语态)2.Modal verbs(情态动词)WritingDescribing an event(描述一件事情)Warm-up&Lesson 1 FestivalsAutumnEvery year in September or Oct
5、ober,the Mid-Autumn Festivalis celebrated by the Chinese people all over the world.On this day,the moon is said to be its biggest and brightest.People like to meetin the evening and watch the moon.The Mid-Autumn Festival is important because it is a specialoccasion for family.It is also a day for sp
6、ecial foods like mooncakes.There are all kinds of moon cakes.Traditional moon cakes areusually made with bean paste,but nowadays,there are manydifferent kinds of moon cakes including fruit,coffee,chocolate andeven ice-cream moon cakes.WinterThe Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the firs
7、t lunarmonth.It marks the end of the Chinese New Year celebrations.There are many stories about how the Lantern Festivalstarted.In one story,lanterns were lit to celebrate the power of lightover darkness.In another story,a town was almost destroyed but thelight from many lanterns saved it.The story
8、was about a god whowanted to burn down the town.He was fooled when he sawthousands of lanterns.He thought the town was already burning.In the past,lanterns were usually lit by candles and decoratedwith pictures of birds,animals and flowers,etc.Nowadays,mostlanterns are made with light bulbs and batt
9、eries,and they come inmany shapes and sizes.In the north-eastern part of China,there areeven ice-lanterns.The special food for the Lantern Festival is the sweetdumpling.Sweet dumplings are boiled and served in hot water.SummerThe Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifthmonth of the l
10、unar year.As it is in early summer,it marks thebeginning of the hottest season of the year.The tradition of the Dragon Boat Festival started more than2,000 years ago.In the old days,dragon boat races were organisedonly by Chinese people.However,in recent years,people from othercultures have also tak
11、en part in the races and enjoyed the fun.There is a special food for the festival.It is called zongzi,whichis sticky rice in fresh bamboo leaves.秋季每年九月或十月，全世界的中国人都要庆祝中秋节。据说这天的月亮是一年中最大最亮的。夜晚人们聚在一起赏月。中秋节之所以重要是因为这是合家团聚的特殊日子。这一天会吃月饼之类的特殊食品。有各种各样的月饼。传统的月饼通常是豆沙馅。如今，月饼的种类很多，有水果味的、咖啡味的、巧克力味的，甚至有冰激凌月饼。冬季每年农历
12、正月十五是中国的元宵节。它标志着中国新年庆典的结束。关于元宵节的起源有多种传说。一种传说是，点灯笼是为了颂扬光明驱赶黑暗的力量；另一种传说则是一座城险些被烧毁，是许多点燃的灯笼救了这座城。故事说的是有一个神仙想烧毁这个城市，当他看到成百上千的灯笼发出的光时，他被骗住了，以为这座城市正在燃烧。过去，人们常用蜡烛点灯笼，用鸟、兽、花等图案装饰灯笼。现在大多数灯笼是用电来照明的，而且形状、种类繁多。在中国东北，甚至有冰灯。元宵节的特殊食品是元宵。元宵用水煮，随汤一起吃。夏季农历五月初五是端午节。由于端午节是在初夏，它标志着一年最热季节的开始。端午节已有两千多年的历史。过去，只有中国人举行赛龙舟活动。
13、近几年，越来越多的外国人也来参加赛龙舟，共享其中乐趣。端午节也有一种特殊食品，叫粽子，它是把糯米包裹在新鲜的竹叶里。一、阅读理解1What can we learn from the text?BAThe Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated by Chinese peopleonly in China.BThe Dragon Boat Festival has a history of over 2,000 years.C The Lantern Festival marks the beginning of the ChineseNew Year celebr
14、ations.DTraditional moon cakes are usually made with fruit.2 The word “falls”in Passage B most probably means_.CAautumns BbeginsChappens DendsACandles.DBLight bulbs.CIce.DLight bulbs and batteries.3At present,what are the most lanterns made with?4What festival happens during summer?BAThe Mid-Autumn
15、Festival.BThe Dragon Boat Festival.CThe Lantern Festival.DThe Spring Festival.Passage C?DAChinas long history.BThe most important festival in China.CThe end of winter.DThe beginning of summer.5 What does the Dragon Boat Festival mark according to二、概括课文大意The passage tells us something about three imp
16、ortant(1)_，the Mid-Autumn Festival,the(2)_ Festivaland the Dragon Boat Festival,for which people have different(3)_ and eat different special(4)_festivalsLanternactivitiesfoodsThe Mid-Autumn Festival is important because it is aspecial occasion for family.中秋节之所以重要是因为这是合家团聚的特殊日子。1occasion n时刻，时机典例He
17、seized the occasion to invite her home for dinner.他抓住机会邀请她到家里吃饭。拓展on this/that occasion 此时/彼时on the occasion of 在时刻/时候on occasion(s)间或；有时on one occasion 有一次运用完成句子，每空一词(1)He has been known _ _(有时)to lose histemper.onoccasion(s)(2)_ _ _(有 一 次),he called me inthe middle of the night.Ononeoccasion(3)He
18、was presented with the watch _ _ _(在时候)his retirement.ontheoccasionof.but nowadays,there are many different kinds of mooncakes including fruit,coffee,chocolate and even ice-creammoon cakes.如今，月饼的种类很多，有水果味的、咖啡味的、巧克力味的，甚至有冰激凌月饼。2include vt.包括，包含点拨include 不用于进行时，其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式等作宾语。如：Your duties wi
19、ll include putting the children to bed.哄小孩入睡也将是你工作的一部分。拓展including 除了是 include 的动词-ing 形式之外，在日常 运 用 中 一 般 当 作 介 词 使 用，意 为“包 括在 内”，即including宾语宾语included。辨析include/contain(1)include 意为“包括，包含；连在内；计入；算入”，侧重整体与部分，且常用于 including 和 included 短语中。如：Does the price include tax？这个价钱是否包括税款？(2)contain 意为“含有；包含；容
20、纳；里面装有”，侧重所含的量和成分，不用于进行时态。如：This drink doesnt contain any alcohol.这种饮料不含任何酒精。运用用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空(1)I have to prepare food for seven people _ me.(2)The price of the book is 15,postage _.(3)The whole book _ 12 units,_ two mainrevisions.includingincludedincludescontainingIn one story,lanterns were lit
21、to celebrate the power oflight over darkness.一种传说是，点灯笼是为了颂扬光明驱赶黑暗的力量。3power n控制力；权力；影响力；力量典例拓展Knowledge is power.知识就是力量。be in power 执政；掌权come into powertake power 上台；执政under ones own power 凭借某人自身的力量have the power to do sth.具有做某事的能力beyond/out of ones power 某人力所不能及的辨析power/energy/strength/force(1)powe
22、r 可指各种力，如电力、动力或某事物的能力；也可指人所具有的能力、权力及势力等。当指人所具有的力气时，它与 strength 同义。如：He has the power of holding his audience.他具有吸引住听众的能力。(2)energy 意为“精力；活力；能量”，指人或动物所积蓄的内在或释放的活力，也指物理学上的能量。如：She is a girl full of energy in our company.她在我们公司是一个精力充沛的女孩。(3)strength 指身体组织内存在的“体力；力气”，也可指人的长处、优势。如：He pushed against the r
23、ock with all his strength.他用尽全力推那块岩石。(4)force 主要指外力，是推动人或物朝所要求的方向运动或能产生明显效应的力量；也可指“武力”。如：The rioters were taken away by force.聚众闹事者被强行带走了。运用用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空(1)The door was stuck but he got it open by _.(2)Young people usually have more _ than the old.(3)Filled for the moment with extraordinary _，he
24、raised himself completely.(4)Will you give me a hand when I bid for the manager?Sorry,but what you want me to do is beyond my _.forceenergystrengthpowerIn another story,a town was almost destroyed but thelight from many lanterns saved it.另一种传说则是一座城险些被烧毁，是许多点燃的灯笼救了这座城。4destroy vt.破坏，毁坏典例You have dest
25、royed my hopes of happiness.你毁掉了我得到幸福的希望。辨析destroy/ruin/damage(1)destroy 强调以具有摧毁或杀伤性的力量把某物彻底毁掉。(2)ruin 亦指彻底毁掉，但含有在一定的过程中逐渐毁掉的意思；也可指抽象意义的破坏、毁灭。(3)damage 指部分损坏，降低某物的价值，但可重新修复。多用于指无生命的事物。运用用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空(1)You will _ your chances of the job if you wear thatshirt to the interview.ruin(2)Her heart was
26、 slightly _ as a result of her longillness.damaged(3)The building was completely _ by the fire.destroyedThe story was about a god who wanted to burn down thetown.故事说的是有一个神仙想烧毁这个城市。5burn down 烧毁典例The building was burned down and only ashes wereleft.楼房被烧得只剩下了灰烬。拓展burn up 烧掉；烧旺；消耗burn away 烧完；燃尽burn ou
27、t 烧得精光；熄灭burn.to ashes 把烧成灰烬burn.to the ground 把烧成废墟运用完成句子，每空一词(1)That small fire can be left to _ _(熄灭)Dont add any wood.burnout(2)While you are at school or walking home,your body is_ _(消耗)100 calories of energy an hour.(3)Two houses _ _ _(被 烧 毁)lastweek.burningupwereburntdownIn the past,lanterns
28、were usually lit by candles anddecorated with pictures of birds,animals and flowers,etc.过去，人们常用蜡烛点灯笼，用鸟、兽、花等图案装饰灯笼。6decorate vt.装饰，布置典例They decorated the room with flowers and balloons.他们用花和气球装饰房间。拓展运用decorate sth.with.用装饰某物完成句子，每空一词The great hall _ _ _(被 装 饰)flowers.wasdecoratedwithSweet dumplings
29、are boiled and served in hot water.元宵用水煮，随汤一起吃。7serve vt.提供(食物)，端上(饭菜)；招待；侍候典例She served me a cup of coffee.她给我端上了一杯咖啡。拓展serve sb.with sth.向某人提供某物；用某物招待某人serve sth.to sb.用某物招待某人serve as 可用作；担任；作为运用完成句子，每空一词(1)Breakfast _ _(被 供 应)between 7 a m.and 10 am.isserved(2)Her English is very good and she can
30、 _ _(担任)the interpreter.serveas(3)They _ a wonderful meal _(用招待)more than fifty delegates.servedtoHowever,in recent years,people from other cultureshave also taken part in the races and enjoyed the fun.近几年，越来越多的外国人也来参加赛龙舟，共享其中乐趣。8take part in 参与，参加典例Are you going to take part in the first experiment
31、?你们会参与首次实验吗？拓展take part in 是惯用词组，part 前一般不用冠词，但 part前有形容词修饰时，要用不定冠词。如：Lincoln took an active part in politics and was strongly againstslavery.林肯积极参加政治活动，强烈反对奴隶制。辨析take part in/join/join in/attend(1)take part in 指参加会议或群众性活动等，并在活动中发挥积极作用。(2)join 指加入某个党派或团体组织等，成为其中一员，如参军、入团、入党等。(3)join in 多指参加小规模的活动，如“
32、球赛、游戏”等，常用于口语。(4)attend 是正式用语，及物动词，指参加会议、婚礼、葬礼、典礼、去上课、上学、听报告等。强调只是去听、去看，不一定起积极作用。运用用上面所提供的辨析词或短语的适当形式填空(1)Hell _ an important meeting tomorrow.(2)She _ the League last month.(3)Were going to the East Lake Park on Sunday.Will you_ us?join(4)Why didnt you _ the talk last night?(5)Well _ the social pra
33、ctice during thesummer vacation.take part inattendjoinedjoin in本课时单词拓展单词构词法小结graduation n毕业graduate v毕业 1.-(t)ion 和-ness 为名词后缀，表示“行为的过程，结果，状况等”。如：attraction 吸引力，happiness 快乐。2 -al 为形容词后缀，意为“具有属性的，与相关的”。如：political 政治的。celebration n庆祝，庆典 celebrate v庆祝decorate v装饰，布置decoration n装饰darkness n黑暗，漆黑dark a
34、dj.黑暗的tradition n传统，惯例traditional adj.传统的运用用所给单词的适当形式填空1After _ he became a teacher.(graduate)2 SomepeoplebelieveinChinese_medicine.(tradition)traditional3The _ of the new house is very modern.(decorate)4The room was in complete _.(dark)5They held a party in _ of Toms birthday.(celebrate)graduationd
35、ecorationdarknesscelebration1 On this day,the moon is said to be its biggest andbrightest.据说这天的月亮是一年中最大最亮的。点拨sth./sb.is said to do sth.为固定句型，意为“据说某物/人”，可转换为更为常见的结构“It is said that sb./sth.”。如：He is said to have gone abroad.It is said that he has gone abroad.据说他已经出国了。拓展Its reported that-clause 据报道Its
36、 believed that-clause 人们认为(据认为)Its known that-clause 据知道(众所周知)Its considered that-clause 人们认为Its announced that-clause 据通知Its hoped that-clause 人们希望运用完成句子，每空一词(1)_ _ _ _(据说)there is abeautiful girl on the moon.There _ _ _ _(据 说)abeautiful girl on the moon.(2)_ _ _ _ (众 所 周 知)Leonardo da Vinci has bo
37、ught birds kept in cages in order to havethe pleasure of setting them free.ItissaidthatissaidtobeItisknownthat2 As it is in early summer,it marks the beginning of thehottest season of the year.由于端午节是在初夏，它标志着一年最热季节的开始。点拨此句含有 as 引导的原因状语从句。如：As I had a cold,I was absent from school.因为我感冒了，所以没去上学。辨析as/s
38、ince/for/because(1)as 可用于主句之前或之后，所引导的从句表示的是不言而喻、显而易见的原因和理由，不能回答 why 提问的问句。(2)since 一般用于主句之前，强调已知的事实，不能回答 why 提问的问句。(3)for 是并列连词，表示推断的原因，或对前一分句补充说明理由。它所引导的分句只能放在句子后面，用逗号隔开。(4)because 引导的从句表示直接而明确的原因和理由，表示按因果关系的推断，语气很强，用来回答 why 提问的问句，一般位于主句之后。运用用上面所提供的辨析词填空(1)_ you cant answer the question,Ill ask som
39、eoneelse.SincebecauseAs/Sincefor(2)I didnt go to school yesterday _ I was ill.(3)_ it rained,I couldnt go.(4)I dont want to go,_ its raining.3 However,in recent years,people from other cultureshave also taken part in the races and enjoyed the fun.近几年，越来越多的外国人也来参加赛龙舟，共享其中乐趣。点拨however 意为“然而，可是，尽管如此”，但
40、不能像but 那样直接连接两个分句，而必须另起新句，并用逗号分开。however 可以放在句首(后要加逗号)、插在句子中间(前后均加逗号)或放在句末(前要加逗号)。拓展however 还可修饰形容词或副词，引导让步状语从句，相当于 no matter how，意为“不管，不论”。如：However cold it is,she always goes swimming.不管天气有多冷，她都要去游泳。运用用 however 或 but 填空(1)Im sorry,_ I have to leave now.but(2)Your composition is all right;there is
41、room forimprovement,_.however(3)_ hot it is,he wont take off his coat.but(4)He would like to go,_ he cant.However4 It is called zongzi,which is sticky rice in fresh bambooleaves.这叫粽子，它是把糯米包裹在新鲜的竹叶里。点拨which is sticky rice in fresh bamboo leaves 是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 zongzi。非限制性定语从句不能用 that引导。如：He is studyi
42、ng economics,which is very important.他正在学习经济学，该学科是一门重要学科。运用完成句子，每空一词whichmadehisteacherZhang Ming was late,_ _ _ _ _(这使他的老师很生气)veryangry被动语态()英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。只有及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词加介词也可构成被动语态。在被动语态中，宾语变成了主语，主语是动作的承受者。一、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词 be及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过 be 动词的变化表现出来的。现以speak 为例说明被动语态在各种时态中
43、的构成。一般现在时：am/is/arespoken一般过去时：was/werespoken一般将来时：will/shall/is(are)going to bespoken现在进行时：am/is/are beingspoken过去进行时：was/were beingspoken现在完成时：have/has beenspoken过去完成时：had beenspoken二、被动语态的特殊结构1含情态动词的被动结构，其形式为：情态动词be过去分词。如：The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.婴儿应该受到保姆的精心照顾。2有些动
44、词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。如：His mother gave him a present for his birthday.He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.他母亲给了他一个礼物作为生日礼物。3当“动词宾语宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，只需将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。如：Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette.The boy was caught smoking
45、a cigarette.有人抓住这个小孩在抽烟。4 在使役动词 have,make,get 以及感官动词 see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe 等后面用不定式作宾语补足语时，在主动结构中不定式符号 to 要省略，但变为被动结构时 to 不能省略。如：Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.A stranger was seen to walk into the building.有人看见一个陌生人走进了这栋楼。5相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词介词”、“动词副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体
46、，不能分开，其中的介词或副词也不能省略。如：The meeting is to be put off till Friday.会议被推迟到星期五。三、不用被动语态的特殊情况1不及物动词、连系动词及某些短语不能用于被动语态。常 见 的 动 词 有：happen,last,appear,fall,rise,smell,taste,feel,look,sound,remain,stay,prove,break out,take place,belong to,give out,go out,go down,come up,come true,turn out,run out,die out 等。2表
47、示事物内在的品质或属性，或动作与动作的执行者没有太大关系时。这类动词有：sell,write,wash,wear,open,close,cut,read 等。3不定式在形容词后作状语，构成“sb./sth.adj.to dosth.”结 构 时。这 类 形 容 词 有：easy,hard,difficult,pleasant,comfortable,unpleasant,uncomfortable,fit,unfit,light,heavy 等。4不定式作后置定语时，如果不定式的逻辑主语能在句中找到，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。反之，不定式用被动语态。如：The typist said,“I
48、 have a letter to type.”打字员说：“我有封信要打印。”The typist asked the manager,“Do you have a letter to betyped？”打字员问经理：“您有封信要打印吗？”5在 require,need,want,deserve 等后用动词-ing 形式表示被动意义(也可用不定式的被动语态)。如：Your radio needs repairing.Your radio needs to be required.你的收音机需要修理。The flowers require watering.The flowers require
49、 to be watered.花需要浇水。The book deserves reading.The book deserves to be read.这本书值得看。一、完成句子，每空一词1 It is said that a new robot _ _ _(将被设计)in a few days.willbedesigned2The composition _ _(需要修改)3 His novel _ _(卖 的 快)and _ _ _(已经卖完了)4 The computer on the table _ _(属 于)Professor Smith.belongsto5Have you mo
50、ved into the new flat?needscorrectingsellsquicklyhasbeensoldoutNot yet.The room _ _ _(正在被粉刷)isbeingpainted6The article is _ _ _(很难懂)hardtounderstand二、同义句转换，每空一词1His mother told him not to waste time on fishing.He _ _ _ _ _ on fishing.wastoldnottowastetime2Father gave me a toy at Christmas.I _ _ _ _ at Christmas.3This factory produces machine tools.Machine tools _ _ in this factory.4They should do it at once.It _ _ _ at once.5They named the child Tom.The child _ _ Tom.wasgivenatoyareproducedshouldbedonewasnamed
