1、Unit 2 Morals and VirtuesLife is precious to Lin Qiaozhi， who had delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime. When people entrusted her with their lives， it was her virtue that carriedherthroughdecades of hard choices. When she was 18， she chose to study medicine instead of entering into a marriag
2、e like the majority of girls. Unfortunately， her brother responded negatively to her choice，complaining about the high tuitionfees. However， nothing could scare her off. After graduation， Lin Qiaozhi won a scholarship and was appointed as a residentphysician in a famous hospital. After a few years，
3、she was sent to study in Europe and then the US， where she greatly impressed her colleagues， who invited her to stay but were rejected， for she was determined to return to China. Then during the war， she opened her own clinic to shield the injured from harm. After the founding of the Peoples Republi
4、c of China， she was elected to many important positions， but this didnt weaken her interest at all in tending patients and training the next generation of doctors who could replace her. Dr Lin didnt retire until the day she passedaway.During her whole life， Dr Lin publishedagreatdealof medical resea
5、rch， leaving massive wealth to the world， and her savings were used on children and medical development. Inmemoryof her contributions， a memorial park was built in 1984 on Kulangsu Island. 1respondvt.&vi.回答，回复（reply）vi.作出反应，回应（react）1.外研选必6Temperatures are rising， and nations are failing to respond
6、to it.2.译林选必2More importantly， whether you approve of the speakers words or not， you need to be honest in your response（respond）.3.我写信是响应网站上发布的通知，申请一份城市篮球比赛的志愿工作。（申请信）Im writing to apply for a voluntary job in the City Basketball Competition in response to the notice posted on the website.respond to
7、.（with.）（以）回答/响应response n.回答，答复；反应；响应 in response to 作为对的答复；响应2tendvt.&vi.照顾；照料（attendto，carefor，lookafter，takecareof）vi.往往会；倾向；趋于1.译林必修2It has also been proven that active people tend to have（have） better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases.2.There is a widespread tendency（tend） that
8、more and more young people choose online shopping rather than go to brick-and-mortar stores（实体店） to buy what they like.（引入话题）点拨此处that引导同位语从句，作tendency的同位语。3.Every time I get tired of studying，tending （to） the flowers（照料花儿） on the balcony makes me feel energetic again.点拨主句谓语为makes，所以空处应填非谓语形式作主语，且此处表
9、示习惯性的动作，所以用v-ing作主语。4.然而，许多人往往会以成败论英雄。However， many people tend to judge a person by his/her success or failure. （tend）However， many people have a tendency to judge a person by his/her success or failure. （tendency）tend （to） sb./sth.照料某人/某物 tend to do sth.往往会发生某事；易于做某事 tend to/towards.趋向于tendency n.
10、倾向；趋势 have a tendency to do sth.有做某事的倾向 tendency to/towards.的倾向其他表示趋势的词： trend， current， tide3scarevt.惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓1.Some parents try to scare their naughty children into behaving themselves.2.After watching a scary film， she was scared in the dark at midnight.（scare）3.外研选必1Although she is clearly st
11、ill in some pain， her scared（scare） and anxious look has been replaced first by a small smile， and then by loud laughter.4.Scared of losing control of their life， some people tend to follow the path that others suggest because they are scared to fail（fail）.5.When I realized that the bear was coming
12、back to attack us， I was nearly scared to death（几乎要吓死了）. （读后续写之心理描写）scare sb. away/off把某人吓跑 scare sb. into doing sth.恐吓某人做某事scared adj.害怕的 be scared of （doing）sth.害怕（做）某事 be scared to do sth.害怕做某事 be scared to death害怕得要死scary adj.恐怖的，吓人的4replacevt.接替；取代；更换；把放回原处1.结合语境写出下列句子中画线部分的含义You have to replac
13、e the books on the shelves before you leave.把放回原处译林必修2In response to public interest，our aerobics class has been replaced with several fun options，including modern dance.取代2.我强烈推荐我的朋友李明，他是最适合下周代替鲍勃的人。（推荐信）I strongly recommend my friend Li Ming， who is the most suitable person to replace/take the pla
14、ce of Bob next week.replace A （with/by B）（用B）接替/取代Areplacement n.U替换，更换；C替代品replaceable adj.可替换的；可代替的代替，取代的其他表达：in place of sb.in ones place take ones placetake the place of sb.5harmn.&vt.伤害；损害1.北师选必3High-tension power lines， as well as clear-cut corridors， pipelines， roads of rocks and painted line
15、s on the ground do no harm to animals.2.Not only continued Antarctic tourism but also the introduction of some harmful（harm） foreign things could threaten the balance of the local ecosystem.（环境保护）3.The experienced physician prescribed the pregnant woman some medicine harmless（harm） to her baby.点拨句意：
16、医生给孕妇开了一些对孩子无害的药。高考语法填空题中，若提示词为名词，需要变成形容词时，还要根据语境看空处是表示否定意义还是肯定意义。4.There is no harm in turning off the light（关上灯没有害处） when you go out.5.花太多时间上网会损害我们的视力。（个人观点）Spending too much time online can harm /do harm to/be harmful to our eyesight.do sb. harm/do harm to sb.对某人有害 There is no harm in doing sth.做
17、某事没有害处。harmful adj.有害的be harmful to.对有害harmless adj.无害的6carrysb.through（sth.）帮助某人渡过难关1.结合语境写出下列句子中画线部分的含义Its a difficult job but shes the person to carry it through. 成功完成（工作）In the past tough years， his determination has carried him through. 帮助他渡过难关点拨through可以作介词，后接名词；也可以作副词，后不接任何成分。He has proved he
18、 can carry through on his promises. 履行他的承诺2.外研必修6Carry out the survey and use the results to come up with ways to reduce carbon footprint.3.人教必修4This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.4.With her company and continual encouragement， I
19、successfully went through those tough years.It was her company and continual encouragement that carried me through those tough years.（强调句型）点拨go through在此处意为经历，经受（尤指苦难或艰难时期），除此之外，还可表示检查；通读，查阅；（法律、协议、决定）获得通过。5.大海的气味勾起了她童年的回忆。The smell of the sea carried her back to her childhood.carry sth. through成功完成
20、某事 carry through （on/with sth.）履行（承诺）carry on继续，坚持；继续移动carry out sth.履行（诺言）；执行/完成（计划、研究等） carry sb. back （to sth.）使某人回想起（某事）；使某人回忆（某事）7inmemoryof作为对的纪念1.The text is so important that we should memorize/memorise（memory） it.点拨-ize（-ise）为常见的动词后缀，如modernize，industrialize，globalize等。2.We will hold a seri
21、es of activities in memory of those brave firefighters（纪念那些勇敢的消防队员）.点拨类似的inn.of 型短语还有：in praise of 称赞，歌颂；in celebration of 庆祝；in search of 寻找；in favour of支持，赞同；in charge of负责，管理；in support of支持；in terms of就而言；in aid of为帮助；in honour of向表示敬意；in need of 需要。memorise（NAmE memorize）vt.记住，熟记memorable adj.值
22、得纪念的，难忘的 memorial adj.纪念的，悼念的n.纪念碑；纪念物8agreatdeal（of）大量1.A great deal of nervous tension before the performance often leads（lead） to a total mess on stage.2.This time he drove a good deal faster（fast） so we didnt arrive late like last Sunday.点拨本句中没有明显的比较级标志词than，但由句首的This time和so后的句子可知此处暗含比较意义，且空前有a
23、 good deal修饰，故填fast的比较级。常见的修饰比较级的词还有any， much， even， far， a lot等。3.Your advice and guidance mean a great/good deal to us（对我们意义重大） in the English Drama Festival.（感谢信）4.我花了大量时间阅读您推荐的相关文献，从中学到了很多。（感谢信）I spent a great/good deal of time （in） reading relevant literature you recommended， from which I have
24、learned a great/good deal.a great/good deal ofn. Uv.（单数） a great/good many ofn. Cv.（复数）a great/good deal（副词短语）可修饰adj./adv.比较级，也可修饰v.。 a great/good deal（名词短语）意为大量，许多，作主语或宾语。9否定词adj./adv.比较级表示最高级意义1.如果您能抽出一点时间给我一些指导，我将不胜感激。（求助信）I couldnt be more grateful if you could spare some time to give me some gu
25、idance.点拨不胜感激还可以用I cant thank you enough表达。2.我从来没吃过比这更美味的早餐了！妈妈满意地回答道。Ive never had a more delicious breakfast than this！ Mom replied in a satisfied voice.此结构常译为没有比更，再不过了。常用的否定词有nothing， no， not， never， nobody等。10wouldratherdosth.宁愿做某事1.Its so hot outside！ I would rather stay（stay） at home doing hou
26、sework.2.外研选必3After all， how many of us today would rather send a message packed with emojis than make a telephone call？3.如今，人们宁愿用高科技产品来交流和消磨时间，也不愿与朋友及家人出去。Nowadays， people would rather communicate and kill time by using hi-tech products than go out with friends and families.（would rather）Nowadays，
27、people prefer to communicate and kill time by using hi-tech products rather than go out with friends and families.（prefer）would rather为情态动词短语，后接动词原形。would rather do sth. than do sth. （would do sth. rather than do sth.prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.）宁愿做某事也不愿做某事一对反义前缀：in-（im-）& ex-本单元：im-（向内）por
28、t（港口）进入港口内import 进口ex-（向外）port（港口）到港口外export 出口拓展：从下列方框中选择适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。insideincludeinvolveexpressexposeexact1.人教必修4An idiom is an expression which means something different from the meaning of the individual words.2.人教选必2For example， some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse，
29、which can lead to physical and mental health problems.点拨be/become/get involved in.专心/沉迷于。注意involve和include的区别：involve表示包含；牵涉；（使）参加，而include表示包含；使成为的一部分。3.北师必修9Countries need to think about ways to inspire interest for boys in reading and ensure that they are exposed to a wide variety of different ty
30、pes of literature from a young age.4.人教必修1Design an eye-catching logo for your club and make a poster including the clubs name， slogan， and logo.5.人教必修5Chinese calligraphy has developed along with Chinas civilisation. It is difficult to say when exactly calligraphy started.6.人教选必4It took him a lot of energy to move all the items of furniture inside the house.
