1、北京导游词六大景点英文导游词天安门北京导游词：六大景点英文导游词天安门北京导游词TiananmenRstrumTiananmen(theGatefHeavenlyPeace),islcatedinthecenterfBeijing.Itwasfirstbuiltin1417andnamedChengtianmen(theGatefHeavenlySuccessin).AttheendftheMingDynasty,itwasseriuslydamagedbywar.WhenitwasrebuiltundertheQingin1651,itwasrenamedTiananmen,andserve
2、dasthemainentrancettheImperialCity,theadministrativeandresidentialquartersfrcurtfficialsandretainers.ThesuthernsectinsftheImperialCitywallstillstandnbthsidesftheGate.Thetweratthetpfthegateisnine-rmwideandfivermdeep.AccrdingttheBkfChanges,thetwnumbersnineandfive,whencmbined,symblizethesupremestatusfa
3、svereign.DuringtheMingandQingdynasties,Tiananmenwastheplacewherestateceremniestkplace.Themstimprtantnefthemwastheissuingfimperialedicts,whichfllwedthesesteps：1)TheMinisterfRiteswuldreceivetheedictinTaihedian(HallfSupremeHarmny),wheretheEmperrwashldinghiscurt.Theministerwuldthencarrythedecreenayunpan
4、(trayfclud),andwithdrawfrmthehallviaTaihemen(GatefsupremeHarmny)2)TheMinisterwuldputthetrayinaminiaturelngting(dragnpavilin).BeneathayellwumbrellaandcarryitviaWumen(MeridianGate),tTiananmenGatetwer.3)Acurtierwuldbeinvestedtprclaimtheedict.Thecivilandmilitaryfficialsliningbthsidesfthegatewaybeneathth
5、etwerwuldprstratethemselvesinthedirectinftheemperrinwaitingfrthedecreettheprclaimed.4)Thecurtierwuldthenputtheedictinaphenix-shapedwdenbxandlweritfrmthetwerbymeansfasilkcrd.ThedcumentwuldfinallybecarriedinasimilartrayfcludunderayellwumbrellattheMinistryfRites.5)Theedict,cpiednyellwpaper,wuldbemadekn
6、wntthewhlecuntry.Suchaprcesswashistricallyrecrdedas“ImperialEdictIssuedbyGldenPhenix”.DuringtheMingandQingdynastiesTiananmenwasthemstimprtantpassage.ItwasthisgatethattheEmperrandhisretinuewuldgthrughntheirwaytthealtarsfrritualandreligiusactivities.OntheWestsidefTiananmenstandsZhngshanPark(Dr.SunYat-
7、sensPark),andntheeastside,theWrkingPeplesCulturalPalave.TheParkwasfrmerlycalledShejitan(AltarfLandandGrain),builtin1420frfferingsacrificialitemsttheGdfLand.Itwaspenedtthepublicasaparkin1914anditsnamewaschangedin1928tthepresentneinmemryfthegreatpineerftheChineseDemcraticRevlutin.TheWrkingPeplesCultur
8、alPalaceusedtbeTaimia(theSupremeAncestralTemple),wheretabletsfthedeceaseddynasticrulerswerekept.ThestreaminfrntfTiananmeniscalledWaijinshuihe(OuterGldenRiver),withsevenmarblebridgesspanningverit.Ofthesesevenbridges,histricalrecrdssaythemiddlenewasfrtheexclusiveuseftheemperrandwasaccrdinglycalledYulu
9、qia(ImperialBridge).ThebridgesflankingitneithersideweremeantfrthemembersftheryalfamilyandweretherefrecalledWanggngqia(RyalsBridges).FartherawayneachsidefthetwwerebridgesfrfficialsrankingabvethethirdrderandwerenamedPinjiqia(ministerialBridges).Theremainingtwbridgeswerefrtheusebytheretinuebelwthethird
10、rderandwrecalledGngshengqia(cmmnBridges).TheyanrtheneinfrntftheSupremeAncestralTemplettheeastandtheneinfrntftheAltarflandandGraintthewest.ThetwstnelinsbytheGatefTiananmen,neneachsideweremeantassentries.Theygazetwardthemiddleaxis,guardingtheemperrswalkway.InfrntfthegatestandsapairfmarbleclumnscalledH
11、uabia.Theyareelabratelycutinbas-relieffllwingthepatternfalegendarydragn.Behindthegatestandsantherpairfsimilarclumns.ThestryfHuabiamaybetracedtacuplefsurces.OneftheversinsaccreditsitsinventintneftheChinesesagekingsnamedYa,whwassaidthavesetupawdenpillarinrdertallwtherdinarypepletexpseevil-ders,henceit
12、wasriginallycalledaslanderpillar.Lateritwsreducedtasignpst,andnwitservesasanrnament.Thebeastsittingnthetpftheclumniscalled”hu”,alegendaryanimal,whichissaidthavebeenawatcherfanemperrsbehaviur.Hewasdingsuchdutiesaswarningtheemperragainststayingtlngutsidethepalacerindulginginpleasureandurginghimtgtthep
13、eplefrtheircmplaintsrreturninduetime.Therefre,thetwpairsfbeastsweregiventhenames”Wangjunhui”(Expectingtheemperrscmingback)and“wangjunchu”(Expectingtheemperrsgingut)respectinvely.Inthelddays,Tiananmen,asapartftheImperialCity,wasmeantfrimprtantccasins.Thetwrwsfchafang(antechamber),nthesidesbehindthema
14、ingate,wrereservedfrcivilandmilitarymembersfthegvernmentwaitingfrimperialaudienceandinfrntfthegate,werefficesfimperialadministratin.OnOctber1,1949,chairmanMaZedngprclaimednTiananmenRstrumthefundingfthePeplesRepublicfChina.SincethenTiananmenhasbeenthesymblfNewChinea.ChairmanMasprtraitishungabvethecen
15、tralentrance,flankedbytwslgans：”LngLivetheGreatUnityfthePeplesftheWrld”.Tday,thesplendurfTiananmenattractsmillinfvisitrsfrmallverthewrld.TheRstrumnitstpwaspenedin1988tthepublicfrthefirsttimeinitshistry.ItffersapanramicviewftheSquareandthecityprper.TiananmenSquareSituatedduesuthfTiananmen,theSquareha
16、sanareaf44hectares(109acres)thatcanaccmmdateasmanyasnemillinpeplefrpublicgatherings.IthaswitnessedmayhistricaleventsinChinasmdernhistryandisaplacefrcelebratinsnsuchfestivedaysasinternatinalLaburDaynMay1standnatinalDaynOctber1st.ArundtheSquareareseveralfamusbuildings：1TheGreatHallfthePepleThisisnefth
17、elargestcngressinalbuildingsinthewrld.Builtin1959,thehallcnsistsfthreeparts：a10,000-seatauditriuminthecenter,abanquethallinthenrthwingfacingChanganStreet,withaseatingcapacityf5,000,andfficesfrtheStandingCmmitteeftheNatinalPeplesCngressfChinainthesuth.Inadditin,thirty-furreceptinchambersarenamedafter
18、variusprvinces,autnmusreginsandmunicipalitiesdirectlyundetheCentralGvernment,plusHngKngandMaca.Eachisdifferentfrmthetherindecratinandfurnishingststresstheirlcalfeatures.2TheMuseumfChineseHistryandtheMuseumftheChineseRevlutinThesetwmuseumswerealsbuiltin1959.themuseumfChineseHistryhusesapermanentexhib
19、itininfurparts,cveringtheentireprcessfChinesehistryspanningfrm1.7millinyearsagt1919：1)ThePrimitiveSciety(1.7millinyearsagtthe21stcenturyBC);2)TheSlaveSciety(21stcenturyBCt476BC.);3)TheFeudalSciety(475BC.T1840AD.);4)TheSemi-ClnialandSemi-FedualSciety(1840t1919.)TheMuseumftheChineseRevlutincverstheper
20、idfrm1919t1949.3TheMnumenttthePeplesHeresthemnumentwasbuiltinmemryfthusandsfmartyrswhdiedfrtherevlutinarycauseftheChinesepeple.ItscnstructinbegannAugust1,1952andwasntcmpleteduntil1958.inthefrmfanbelisk,theMnumentasmadefmrethan17,000piecesftraniteandwhitemarble.ThepurplepieceinlaidinthefrntftheMnumen
21、twasbrughtfrmQingda,ShandngPrvince.Itis38meters(124ft8in)high,thelftiestfitskindeverseeninthecuntry.Ntnlyisitanhistricmemrialfrimmrtalheres,butalsitisanartisticwrkfexcellentarchitecturalvalue.OnthefrntsideftheMnumentisanengravedinscriptininChinesecharacterswrittenbyChairmanMaZedng,whichreads”Eternal
22、GlrytthePeplesHeres!”.OnthebackftheMnumentisanarticlewrittenbyChairmanMa,butinChinesecalligraphybythelatePremierZhuEnlai.AtthetpftheMnumentareeightgiganticcarvedwreathesfsuchflwersaspeny,ltusandchrysanthemum,symblizingnbility,purity,andfrtitude.AtthebasefthemnumentareeightmarblereliefsdepictingtheCh
23、inesehistriceventssince1840.Theyare：1)TheBurningfOpiumin1840：2)Theuprisingf1851inJintian,Guangxi;3)TheRevlutinf1911;4)TheMayFurthMvementf1919;5)TheMay30thMvementf1925;6)TheUprisingf1927inNanchang,Jiangxi;7)TheWarfResistanceagainstJapaneseAggressinfrm1937t1945;8)TheVictriusCrssingvertheYangtzeRiverby
24、thePeplessLiberatinArmyin1949.Thisreliefisflankedbytwsmallernes“SupplyingtheFrnt”and“GreetingtheP.L.A.”.4ChairmanMasMausleumChairmanMaZedng,thefunderfthePeplesPepublicfChina,passedawaynSepember9,1976.Incmmemratinfthisgreatman,amausleumbegantbecnstructedinNvember1976,andwascmpletesinAugustthefllwingy
25、ear.TheMausleumwasfficiallypenednSeptember9,1977.Themausleumissurrundedbyfurgrupsfsculpture.EastfthenrthernentranceisthesculpturedepictingtheperidftheNewDemcraticRevlutin(1919-1949),andwestfitisthenesignifyingthegreatachievementsftheChinesepepleduringtheperidfslcialistrevlutinandcnstructinsince1949.
26、Thesculpturesinfrntfthesutherngatearefiguresfwrkers,peasantssldiers,intellectuals,techniciansandchildren.InsidetheMausleumarethreemainsectins：AwhitemarblestatuefChairmanMaismuntednaplatfrminthefrntlbby.Onthewallbehindthestatueisa24-metre-lng(79-ft-lng)tapestry,afineneedlepintwrkwithbeautifullandscap
27、esfthecuntry.Inthemainhallthereisacrystalcffin,inwhichChairmanMasbdyliesstatelywiththeCmmunistPartysflagcveringverhim.Onthewallfthesuthernlbby,apembyChairmanMaandinhiswncalligraphyisinscribedingldinlay.Itexpresseshisfullgreatexpectatinsfrthecuntry.TiananmenSquarehasnwcmpleteditsrenvatinaftereightmnthshardwrktwelcmethe50thanniversaryfthePeplesRepublicin1999.
