1、第1讲 Living well 词汇篇_1. 熟练掌握重点单词及其用法；2. 能够熟练运用重点短语和句型。一. 重点词汇1. ambition (n.) 雄心重点用法ambitious adj. 志向远大的; 有雄心壮志的;有野心的be ambitious for power, social position, etc. 极欲获得权力, 社会地位等be ambitious of success渴望成功be ambitious to serve the people一心想为人民服务典例1) Her ambition is the presidency. 她的抱负是成为一名总统2) After s
2、everal hours work, she had no ambition to go dancing. 没有精力去跳舞了3) The prince was attracted by the girls beauty, and ambitious to marry her.王子为女孩的美貌打动了，渴望能娶到她。2. beneficial (adj.) 有益的 重点用法benefit v. &n.有助于；受益；利益，好处be beneficial to sth./sb. 对有益be of benefit to 对有益for the benefit of 为了(的利益)benefit from
3、从中受益典例1) A temperate climate is beneficial to the health. 温和气候有利于健康.2) Sunshine is beneficial to plants. 阳光对植物有益。3) I hope what I have written will be of benefit to someone else who may feel the same way.我希望我写的这些将对有同感的人有帮助.4) Both sides have benefited from the talks.双方都从和谈中受益。3. adapt (v.) 使适应;改编重点用
4、法adapt (oneself) to sth. 适应某物adaptto 使适应adapt sth. for sth. from sth. 根据某事将改编成be adapted from 由改编典例1) You should adapt yourself to the new environment. 你应该适应新环境。2) The makers adapted the cartoons film for children from the Russian original.影片制作人为了孩子们将这本俄文原著改编成了卡通电影。4. conduct (n.) 行为 (v.) 指挥 重点用法con
5、ductor n. 领导者, 经理,a bad conduct 恶劣行为under the conduct of 在.指导管理下典例1) The chairperson conducted the hearing. 主席先生主持了这个听证会。2) His conduct of the business was very successful. 他的事业进展得相当顺利。3) The curator conducted the visitors round the museum. 馆长领着游客们在博物馆中参观。5. resign (v.) 辞职；委托，把.交托给(to, into)重点用法resi
6、gn ones position (as secretary) 辞去(秘书)职务resign office 辞职resign oneself to 听任(某种影响)；只好(做某事)resign oneself to ones fate 听天由命resign. to. 把.托付给典例1) In order to look after her sick mother, Mary decided to resign her position as a manager in the company. 为了照顾生病的母亲，Mary决定辞去公司经理的职务。2) I resign my children t
7、o your care. 我把孩子们委托你来照顾。6. companion (n.) 同伴重点用法make companions of 与.作伴， 与.为友companions in arms 战友a faithful companion 忠实伴侣典例1) His companion is Jim, a black slave who has also run away.他的搭档Jim是一个黑奴，也是逃出来的。2) His brother is not much of a companion for him. 他兄弟与他情趣不甚相投。7. access n.（接近的）方法；通路；可接近性重点用
8、法accessible adj. 易接近的, 可到达的, accessible to(prep.)典例1) Fallen rocks cut off the only access to the village. 落石阻断了通往村庄的唯一通道。2) Every student has free access to the library. 每位学生都可自由利用图书馆。3) A place accessible to the public. 公众可以进入的地方8. suitable adj. 适合的，适当的典例1) Experts in education call for more books
9、 suitable for children 教育方面的专家呼吁多些适合儿童阅读的书籍。2) This wine is not suitable to my taste. 这酒不合我的胃口。重点用法suit v. 合适，适合，相配unsuitable adj. 不适合的，不相称的be suitable for (doing) sth./sb. 很适合(做)9. annoy vt. 使生气，使烦恼；招惹；妨碍典例1) Stop annoying your mother. She is busy. 别烦你妈妈,她现在很忙。2) It annoyed him when someone made fu
10、n of his ugly handwriting. 当有人取笑他的字迹难看时,他就十分恼火。重点用法be annoyed at/by sth. 因为某事而感到困扰get /be annoyed with sb. 生某人的气annoying 令人恼火的annoyed 恼怒的;烦恼的10. adequate adj. 适当的，足够的；差强人意的典例1) The supply is not adequate to the demand. 供不应求。2) I am sure to prove adequate to the job. 我一定会证明自己能胜位这项工作。3) The skaters te
11、chnique was only adequate. 滑冰者的技术只能说是差强人意二. 重点短语1. in other words 换句话说 短语归纳in a word=in one word 总而言之in words 用语言have a word with sb. 与某人谈话have words with 与某人争吵典例1) You can stay at home and neednt come here any longer. In other words, you are fired. 你可以在家呆着以后都不用来了。也就是说，你被解雇了。2) He found his first jo
12、b. In other words, he neednt depend on his father any more. 他找到了他的第一份工作，换句话说，他再也不用依靠他父亲了。2. cut out 切掉，删掉 短语归纳cut down砍倒；削减,压缩cut up切破碎cut off切断，停掉；隔绝，挡住典例1) I cut this article out of the newspaper. 我从报纸上剪下了这篇文章。2) Deserts are also created because people cut down trees and dig up grass. 由于人们砍树挖草导致了沙
13、漠的产生。3) The flood cut off their supplies. 洪水切断了他们的供养。3. out of breath 上气不接下气短语归纳hold ones breath屏息catch ones breath 松一口气take a deep breath 深深地吸了一口气out of control 失控out of sight 看不见out of order 坏了out of reach 够不着典例1) He became out of breath after running back to the classroom. 跑回教室后他变得上气不接下气。2) He ra
14、n as fast as he could and finally caught up with his teacher but got out of breath. 他飞快地跑着，最终追上了他的老师可是已经上气不接下气。4. make fun of 取笑 短语归纳have fun with sb. （和某人在一起）娱乐，开心for fun 为了快乐，闹着玩地play a joke on sb. 开某人的玩笑play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人典例1) We should not make fun of the classmates when they can not answer
15、 the questions correctly.当同学不能正确回答问题时，我们不应该嘲笑他们。2) Nobody likes being made fun of. 没有人喜欢被嘲笑。3) Children draw pictures for fun. 孩子们在画着玩呢。5. all the best一切顺利 短语归纳at (the) best 至多，充其量也不过do ones best 竭尽全力make the best of 最有效地利用best of all 尤其，特别典例1) My father loves golf best of all. He goes for it every
16、weekend.我父亲特别喜欢打高尔夫球,每个周末他都会去打一次。2) I wish you all the best during the journey. 我祝愿你旅途一切顺利6. as well as 也，又；和一样好（可连接并列的名词，代词，形容词，动词，介词短语等；注意: 连接两谓语时,两动词的时态要保持一致）短语归纳as good as 和.一样好as well 也，又（常做状语）， 相当于too；also典例1) She can sing as well as her sister. 她唱得和她姐姐一样好。2) He directed as well as act in the
17、film. 他导演了这部影片并且在里边扮演了角色。3) I am going to study abroad and my brother is going as well. 我要到国外留学，我弟弟也要去。4) His story is as good as a play. 他的故事很有趣。三. 重点句子1. She is proud to have taken part in competitions and to have broken a record by running two laps(800 metres) this year. 她很骄傲她参加了比赛而且在今年的800米长跑中打破
18、了记录。解释to have taken part in 为不定式的完成时，表示的动作在谓语动作前发生，意为“已经做了”。典例I am sorry to have kept you waiting for such a long time. 对不起，让你等了那么久。AIDS is said to have been the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years. 据说，在过去的几年里，爱滋病已经成为那个地区男性以及女性的最大的健康隐患。2. The few who c
19、annot see the real person inside my body do not make me annoyed, and I just ignore them. 有些同学看不到我的内心世界,但我并不生气，只是不理会他们罢了。解释 see the real person inside ones body“了解某人内心深处”是一种比较形象的说法。典例In the film the Black Book, the captain cannot find a friend who is able to see the real person inside his body. 在电影黑皮
20、书中，那个上尉无法找到一个可以理解他的朋友。3. I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself.生活太忙了，我可没时间闲坐着顾影自怜。解释 “sit around” 无所事事；feeling sorry for myself现在分词短语做伴随状语。典例She is not the type to sit around doing nothing. 她不是那种闲坐着无所事事的人。A beggar sits around staring at the last leaf on the tree
21、. 有个乞丐闲坐着，眼睛盯着树上的最后的一片叶子。Dont sit around, its time to set down to your work. 别闲坐了，到时间干活了。4. Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do. 接受他们的现状，并给他们予鼓励，让他们和你们一样过着丰富多彩而充实的生活。解释to live as rich and full a life as you do. 具有以下结构“as+adj.+a/an+
22、n.+as” 表示像一样的典例Mary is as friendly a girl as Julie. Mary和Julie一样友好I have never met with as clever a boy as he is before, who has really impressed me a great deal.我从来没见过像他一样聪明的男孩,他的确给我留下了非常深刻的印象.例1. He doesnt like work. _, he is lazy.A. never mindB. all in allC. in other wordsD. in many ways解析: 句意: 他
23、不爱劳动。换句话说，他很懒。A.不必担心；B.总而言之；C.换句话说；D.在很多方面。答案: C例2. The new policy will _ the elders a lot that people over 65 can take buses free of charge.A. discountB. supportC. approveD. benefit解析: 句意为:这项新政策将使老年人受益很多，超过65岁的老年人可以免费乘坐公交车。discount打折；support支持；approve赞成；benefit使受益。答案: D例3. For professional athletes
24、, _ to the Olympics means that they have a chance to enter the history books.A. appealB. attachmentC. accessD. approach解析: 考查名词辨析。access进入。句意为:对于专业运动员来说，参加奥运会就意味着他们有机会被载入史册。appeal请求；attachment附加；approach接近，方法。答案: C例4. She fulfilled her _ to become the first woman to run the 10 000 metres in 30 minut
25、es.A. intentionB. attemptC. attentionD. ambition解析: 考查名词辨析。ambition 雄心，抱负；intention 目的，意图；attempt 企图；attention 注意。答案: D例5. The world will be different, and we will have to be prepared to _ the change.A. adapt toB. adopt toC. apply toD. devote to解析: adapt to适应于；adopt 收养，采纳；apply to 与有关系，使用；devote to
26、奉献。答案: A基础演练一. 单项选择1. Are you glad to hear from her? Of course. _, we last met more than thirty years ago.A. Whats moreB. That is to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not2. He hurried to the station only _ that the train had left.A. to findB. findingC. foundD. to have found3. Halfway up the mount
27、ain we stopped to _.A. keep our breathB. hold our breathC. be out of breathD. take breath4. The world will be different, and we will have to be prepared to _ the change.A. adapt toB. adopt toC. apply toD. devote to5. Tom was very angry about _ to Marys birthday party.A. not invitingB. being not invi
28、tedC. not being invitedD. not to be invitedKeys: DADAC巩固提高二. 根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法: Marty is a 1 ( able) boy 2 suffers from a muscle disease. He doesnt look any difference from other people but in fact he is too weak to go to school sometimes. He feels 3 (annoy) after his 4 (缺席) from school. Bu
29、t he is outgoing and he thinks having a 5 (disable) doesnt mean his life is not 6 (满意的).He learns to adapt 7 his present life. His disease helps him grow stronger 8 (psychology) and become more 9 (独立的). He hopes healthy people can give the disabled more 10 (encourage) in life.Key: 1. disabled 2. who
30、3. annoyed4. absence5. disability6. satisfying7.to 8. psychologically9. independent 10. Encouragement一. 完成句子1. He sent them an email, _. (congratulate) 他给他们发送了电子邮件，祝贺他们取得成功。2. Do you mind at home while you are at work. (leave) 他是否外出工作时，汤姆一个人留在家里。3. In our country, every boy and every girl education.
31、 (access)在我国男孩和女孩都有受教育的权利。4. The granny is so old as to be going only a short distance.这老奶奶太老了以致于才走了短短的路就上气不接下气了。5. We in her new job.我们祝愿她的工作顺利。Key: 1. congratulating them on their success 2. Toms being left alone 3. has the access to4. out of breath 5. wish her all the best 二. 根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式
32、填空1)The _ girl swims well in spite of her _. (disable) 2) Robert is a very _ man and one of his _ is to travel in Antarctica. (ambition)3) If you want to be a _, you should work hard at _ and care for _ situations. (politics)4) It is known to all that fresh air is _ to our health and the new park _
33、us all, so we should keep it clean. (benefit)5) This concert was _ by a famous _ from Vienna. (conduct) 6) Praise acts as an _ to the players, and therefore they will feel _ and get the _to continue and improve their performance. (encourage)7) My brother _ from a well-known American university. My p
34、arents attended his _ ceremony yesterday. (graduate) 8) When someone _ others on their success, he or she usually says “_”. (congratulate)9)Jobs exist, but they are not (suit) for people like you who have no ambition for future.10）The classroom was so (noise) that I couldnt concentrate on my study.K
35、eys: 1) disabled; disabilities 2) ambitious; ambitions 3) politician; politics; political 4) beneficial; benefits 5) conducted; conductor 6) encouragement; encouraged; courage 7) graduated; graduation 8) congratulates; congratulations 9) suitable 10) noisy _一. 单项选择1.（2019北京高考） _the early flight, we
36、ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.A. CatchingB. CaughtC. To catchD. Catch2. I couldnt do my homework with all the noise _ .A. going onB. goes onC. went onD. to go on 3.（2019丰台一模）The book I wrote last year _ and it will soon come out.A. printedB. will printC. was printedD. is being prin
37、ted 4. Are all the titles of the articles _ in the contents? Yes, all _.A. listed, includedB. listing, includesC. listed, includingD. being listed, being included5. She _ the table and said the dinner was ready.A. layB. laidC. liedD. lain6.（2019北京高考）There are still many problems before we are ready
38、for a long stay on the moon.A.solvingB. solved C. being solvedD.to be solved7. The English play _ my students acted at the new years party was a great success.A. for whichB. at whichC. in whichD. on which8. (2019北京高考)I truly believe _beauty comes from within.A. thatB. whereC. whatD. why9. (2019北京高考)
39、If I _it with my own eyes ,I wouldnt have believed it.A .didnt seeB. werent seeingC. wouldnt seeD. hadnt seen10. Shut the window, _ itll get too cold in here. A. soB. yetC. butD. otherwiseKey: 1-5 CADAB6-10 DCADD二. 完形填空 When I came to my new school three years ago, I was surprised at how lonely I fe
40、lt. Then one of my classmates invited me to her house for a dinner 36 . I was a little anxious, but finally I gladly 37 . Not really knowing how 38 the bus ride should be, I 39 when I saw the landmarks 40 on my friends hand-drawn map. But when I got close enough to the 41 , I found none of the stree
41、ts were shown on the map. I was 42 on a busy road with cars driving past without a person in sight. I had no 43 when the next bus would come, 44 when a bus did come by, I 45 got on. I told the bus driver where I wanted to go and he said that I had caught the 46 bus, but he let me stay on. After he h
42、ad finished his scheduled bus route, he 47 to help me out. I gratefully showed him my little hand-drawn map but 48 did not help much. He finally 49 me off at a main road to catch a different bus and was 50 that he could not help me more. After a few minutes of walking, I noticed a bus pull up beside
43、 me. It was the 51 bus driver. He explained that he didnt want to leave me there 52 . He sent out a call and someone radioed back, saying that the bus I needed to catch was about ten minutes away. At last I made it to the dinner party 53 I was over an hour late. I am forever thankful for the 54 that
44、 this bus driver had for me. His act of kindness left a 55 on my heart. 1. A. MealB. PartyC. MeetingD. time2. A. AcceptedB. RefusedC. GotD. received3. A. FarB. DifficultC. LongD. bad4. A. drove onB. walked awayC. hurried byD. got off5. A. ShowB. ShowingC. ShownD. to show6. A. street signsB. tall bui
45、ldingsC. traffic lightsD. back yards7. A. QueuingB. SittingC. StandingD. waiting8. A. MeaningB. IdeaC. ProblemD. way9. A. SoB. YetC. ButD. still10. A. SuddenlyB. LuckilyC. FinallyD. quickly11. A. RightB. WrongC. BestD. fastest12. A. SuppliedB. RefusedC. OfferedD. wanted13. A. ItB. HeC. SheD. they14.
46、 A. KeptB. DroppedC. DroveD. turned15. A. EagerB. WorriedC. SorryD. disappointed16. A. SameB. NextC. KindD. silly17. A. HelplessB. LonelyC. UnaccompaniedD. alone18. A. AfterB. AlthoughC. UntilD. when19. A. RespectB. ConcernC. HelpD. love20. A. MarkB. SignC. SymbolD. lineKey: 1-5 BACDC6-10ACBAD11-15
47、BCABC16-20 ADBBA 三. 阅读理解词数:335完成时间:7分钟难度:* A bad Working Memory ( 大脑的工作记忆) the brains temporary storage box - may explain, new research suggests, why one child cannot read his or her history book and another gets lost in math. As many as 10 percent of school-age children may suffer from poor working
48、 memory. British researchers said in a report last week, yet the problem is rarely identified.“You can think of working memory as a pure measure of your childs potential. Many psychologists consider working memory to be the new IQ (智商), because we find that working memory is one of the most importan
49、t predictors (预示物) of learning ability,” said Dr. Tracey Alloway of Britains Durham University. Many children with poor working memory are considered lazy or dull. Working memory allows people to hold in their minds and deal with a few items, such as telephone numbers, over a short period of time. A
50、lloway compares working memory to a box. For adults, the basic box size is thought to be three to five items. Its important, therefore, to put in the right things. Irrelevant (不相关的) information will clutter working memory. The question many researchers are struggling with is how to help children wit
51、h this problem, which appears to be closely, related to a lack of attention. “In children with learning difficulties, it becomes a huge issue, especially around middle school, when the demands on working memory really grow,” said Dr. Mel Levine, co-founder of All Kinds of Minds, a nonprofit organiza
52、tion in North Carolina that studies learning difficulties.Memory training may help improve working memory. Alloway has a tool that allows teachers to assess (评定)the working-memory capacity of children as young as 4; it has been used in 35 schools across Britain. Levines organization trains teachers
53、through a program called Schools Attuned, which is working with several thousand schools across the United States, Canada and Europe. While he is not sure working memory can be expanded, Levine said children can be taught ways to do better in school.1. Which of the following is a characteristic of w
54、orking memory? A. It has a limited capacity. B. It is usually better in children than adults. C. It improves with use. D. It can cause a lack of attention.2. According to the new research, _. A. the importance of working memory has been long recognized B. working memory is becoming recognized as a f
55、actor in intelligence C. laziness can weaken working memory D. working memory helps people remember things forever3. What does the underlined word “clutter” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. changeB. improveC. strengthenD. confuse.4. Which of the following may help improve a childs working memory? A.
56、 Expanding the brains storage box. B. Training the memory. C. Remembering more things. D. Being reminded frequently.5. According to the passage, Dr. Mel Levine has _. A. invented tools to help improve a childs working memory B. founded an organization to train teachers to help students with this problem C. identified the problem clearly D. compared working memory to a boxKey: ABDBB
