1、【知识要点】一、定语从句的意义形容词性从句一般称为定语从句，在句子中起定语作用，修饰一个名词或代词，有时可修饰一个句子。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句的位置：一般置于先行词之后，由关系代词和关系副词引导。二、关系词的用法引导定语从句的关系代词有which，that，who，whom，whose。关系副词有when，where，why等。关系代词和关系副词不仅有连接先行词和从句的作用，而且在从句中担当一个句子成分。1.关系代词的用法：1)由who引导的定语从句关系代词who只能指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。如：A teacher is a person who passes knowledg
2、e to the student.教师是传授知识的人。（关系代词在从句中作主语）The man who can do this work will get 1000 dollars.能够做此工作的人将获得1000美元。（关系代词who在从句中作主语）2)由whom引导的定语从句关系代词whom只能指人，是who的宾格，在从句中作宾语，在口语中常常省略。如：The man whom you met on the street is my father.你在街上碰到的那个人是我父亲。（关系代词who在从句中作宾语，可以省略）The woman (whom)you talked with yeste
3、rday will come here the day after tomorrow.昨天和你谈话的那位妇女后天来这儿。（关系代词whom在从句中作宾语，可以省略）3)由that引导的定语从句关系代词that在从句中既可以作主语，又可作宾语；既可指人，又可指物。如：She is the woman that often comes here.她就是常常来这儿的那个妇女。（关系代词that在从句中作主语，指人）The book that is on the desk was written by my grandfather.桌子上的那本书是我祖父写的。（关系代词that在从句中作主语，指物。此
4、句中的that可以用which替换）Is there anything that I can do for you? 我能为你做点什么呢？（关系代词that在从句中作宾语，指物。此句中的that不能用which替换）The passenger and the suitcases that were still waiting had to be transferred to another plane. 仍在等待的乘客和行李只得改乘另一架飞机。(这句的关系代词that不能用which替换，因为它在此句中既指人又指物)4)由which引导的定语从句关系代词which一般指物，在从句中可作主语，也
5、可以作宾语。如：He came late，which made the teacher angry.他来晚了，这使老师很生气。（which引导非限定性定语从句，在从句中作主语）That is the pencil which I lost yesterday.那就是我昨天丢失的铅笔。（which引导限定性定语从句，在从句中作宾语，which可以省略）5)由whose引导的定语从句关系代词whose是who的所有格，在从句中作定语，既可指人，又可指物。如：This is the boy whose parents died last year. 这是那个父母去年去世的男孩。 （whose作定语，
6、指人）注：“whose+名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语，又能作宾语。whose 的先行词常用来指人，但有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽象概念，这时可以与of which 结构互换，词序是：“名词+of which”。如：They came to a house whose back wall had broken down.(= the back wall of which)他们来到后墙已经倒塌的一个房子。Hes written a book the name of which Ive completely forgotten.(= whose name)他写了本书，书的名字任何触犯法
7、律的人都应该受到惩罚。先行词为those时，宜用who。如：Those who want to see the film sign up here. 想看电影的人在这儿签名。一个句子带有两个定语从句时，其中一个定语从句的关系代词用that，另一个用who。The boy that you met at the school gate yesterday morning is our monitor who studies very hard.昨天早上你在校门口遇到的那个男孩是我们班学习很用功的班长。2)当先行词指物时，许多情况下，既可以用关系代词which，也可用关系代词that，但在下列情况
8、中，只能用关系代词that，而不用which。在there+be 的句型中，句子的主语是先行词，而且又是物。如：There are two novels that I want to read.我要读的有两本小说。There is no work that can be done now. 没有什么工作现在能做的了。当先行词为主句的表语或者关系代词为从句的表语时。如：This is the book that was bought yesterday.这就是昨天买的书。Our school is no longer the school that it used to be.我们的学校不再是以
9、前的学校了。以Here is (are)开头的句子时。如：Here is a film that will move anyone.这是一部将使任何人受感动的电影。Here are two books that I will buy.这是我要买的两本书。It is (high)time+定语从句中。如：It is time that we should have a rest.我们应该休息了。It is high time that they started out.他们该动身了。当先行词是way等词时，关系代词用that或者in which在定语从句中作方式状语时，在口语中，常可省略。如：T
10、his is the way that my father did this work.这就是我父亲做此工作的方式。She admired the way in which I answered the questions.她羡慕我回答问题的方式。在双重限定性定语从句中，如果一个从句用who或者which引导时，那么另一个从句用that引导。如：He is the student that I have ever see who can jump highest.他是我曾经看到过跳的最高的学生。My brother studies in the school which is the most
11、 beautiful in our city that isnt far from here.我的弟弟在我们的城市最美丽的学校读书，并且离这儿不远。当先行词被the last ，the very 和the only修饰时。如：This is the very pen that I am looking for.这正是我找的钢笔。The only book I want to read is missing.我惟一想看的书不见了。在强调句子中，并且以who，which，what开头时。如：Who was it that was lost? 究竟是谁迷路了？（此句中，最好不用who来代替that，
12、避免重复）What was it that you did last week?你上周究竟做什么了？当先行词前有序数词时。如：You are the first person that I want to ask for. 你是我要见的第一个人。This is the second book that I have ever written.这是我写的第二本书。当先行词被all，every，no，some，few，little，much，both等修饰时，如：This is all that I want to say at the meeting.这就是我在会上要说的。Have you an
13、y books that are worth reading? 你有值得看的书吗？当先行词既指人又指物时。如：The professor and his achievement that I heard about are admired by them.我听说的那位教授和他的成就得到他们的赞美。Lets talk about the persons and the things that we can remember.让我们谈论能够想起的人和事。当先行词为anything，everything，nothing时，关系代词用that,不用which；但用something时，用which或者
14、that均可。如：Everything we have seen in China is moving.我们在中国看见的东西件件感人。I have nothing that is worth reading.我没有什么值得一读的东西。当先行词是疑问代词who时。如：Who that you have ever seen can beat him in chess? 你曾见过谁能在棋艺上打败他？3)that，which，whom在定语从句中作宾语可以省略。如：This is the book (which) you were looking for yesterday. 这就是你昨天找的那本书。
15、I dont like the novel (that)you are reading.我不喜欢你看的这本小说。4)定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句的人称、数与先行词一致。如：Those who are in their forties are required to have a physical examination this afternoon.请那些年龄在四十几岁的人于今天下午去进行体检。（先行词those是复数，关系代词who也就看作是复数，所以从句的谓语动词就用了复数形式are了）This is the magazine which was sent to me by post.
16、这是通过邮局寄给我的杂志。（先行词the magazine是单数，关系代词which也就看作是单数，所以从句的谓语动词就用了单数形式was sent）5)定语从句的时态不要求与主句时态一致。如：The story which I read last night is very interesting.我昨天晚上看的那则故事非常有趣。3.关系副词的用法1)when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词通常有time，day，morning，night，week，year 等。如：I still remember the time when I first became a college st
17、udent.我仍然记得我成为大学生的那个时刻。Do you know the date when Lincoln was born? 你知道林肯出生的日期吗？注：when时常可以省略，特别是在某些句型和某些时间状语中。如：Each time he came，he did his best to help us.每次他来，都尽他所能帮我们。2)where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常有place，spot，street，house，room，city，town，country等。如：This is the hotel where they are staying.这是他们住的旅馆。I
18、 forget the house where the Smiths lived.我不记得史密斯先生住过的房子了。注：where有时也可以省略。如：This is the place (where)we met yesterday. 这是我们昨天见面的地方。3)why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason。如：That is the reason why he is leaving so soon.那就是他为什么要离开的原因。注：why时常也可以省略。如：That is the real reason he did it.那就是他做此事的真正原因。4.使用关系副词应注意下列几点：1)这三个关
19、系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构：when = on (in，at，during.)+which;where = in (at，on.)+which;why = for which.如：I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which)he arrived.他到的时候，当时我正在北京。The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor.他工作的办公室在三楼。This is the chief reason why (=for which)we did it.这是我们做这件事
20、的主要原因。2)当先行词是表时间的time，day等和表地点的place，house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that,缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较：Ill never forget the day when my hometown was liberated.我将永远不会忘记我的家乡被解放的那一天。Ill never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer.我将永远不会忘记去年夏天我们共同度过的那段时光。3)when和where既可以引
21、导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。而why 只能引导限制性定语从句。三、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句在这种结构中，关系代词若是表示人时，就只能用whom；关系代词若是表示事物时，就只能用which。1.当介词放在关系代词的前面时，介词宾语只能用which (指物)或whom 关系代词不能省略。如：He has found a good job for which he is qualified.他找到了一份他能胜任的工作。（qualify + 名词+for意为“使具有资格”）The man to whom you talked just now will chair the m
22、eeting tomorrow.你刚才与他谈话的那个人明天主持那个会议。（ talk to+名词意为“与某人谈话”）He is bargaining with the landlord over the monthly price at which the apartment rents. 他在与房东就那套公寓出租的月租金进行磋商。（名词+rent at+表示价格的词意为“某物以某价格出租”）2.当介词位于定语从句的末尾时，可用that/which(指物)，that/whom/who(指人)作介词的宾语，而且作介词宾语的关系代词往往省略。如：This is the hero (that/who
23、/whom)we are proud of.这就是我们引以为豪的英雄。This is the pen ( that/which)I wrote the letter with.这就是我用来写信的那枝笔。3.“复合介词短语+关系代词which”引导的定语从句，这种结构引导的定语从句常与先行词用逗号分开，定语从句常用倒装语序。He lived in a big house，in front of which stood a big tall tree.他住在一所大房子里，房前有一棵大高树。The monkey crossed the river，in the middle of which he
24、was almost killed.那只猴子过了河，在河中央它差点淹死。注意：在一些固定搭配的动词短语中，由于动词和介词不可分割，因此不能把介词置于关系代词之前。如：This is the pen which Im looking for.这正是我在寻找的那枝笔。The boys he is looking after are very healthy. 他照看的那些小男孩都很健康。4.介词+关系代词=关系副词1）这就是我们去年住过的房间。This is the room which we lived in last year.This is the room in which we live
25、d last year.This is the room where we lived last year.2)我仍然记得我入党的那一天。I still remember the day on which I joined the Party.I still remember the day when I joined the Party.通过对上述知识的掌握，对于一个句子我们可用不同的表达方法来表达。如：那就是他工作的大学。四、定语从句的种类以及区别1.定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，现将它们之间的用法及区别列表如下限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句和先行词的关系密切（删去后，影响
26、整个句子意义的表达）和先行词的关系不密切（是一种补充说明，删去后不影响整个句子意义的表达）不用逗号分开一般使用逗号分开可用关系代词that引导不可用关系代词that引导可以省略（that，who，which在从句中担当宾语时可以省略）不可以省略可以替代（whom作宾语时，可用who或that替代）不能替代只可以修饰先行词，不可以修饰主句或主句的一部分修饰整个主句或主句的一部分，此时定语从句前有逗号分开，只能用which或as引导。请看下面例句的不同含义：限制性：她有两个当解放军的儿子。She has two sons who are P.L.A. men.(Maybe she has othe
27、r sons who are not P.L.A. men.)非限制性：她有两个儿子，他们都是解放军。She has two sons，who are P.L.A. men.(She has only two sons. They are both P.L.A. men.)体会下列非限制性定语从句Yesterday I met Li Ping，who seemed to be busy.昨天我遇到了李平，他看起来很忙。We will put off the meeting until next week，when we wont be so busy.我们将把会议推迟到下周举行，到那时我们就不
28、会这么忙了。2.关系代词which与as引导定语从句的区别which与as都可以引导定语从句，但它们有许多用法上的区别，现就此简要分析如下：1)which与as引导非限定性定语从句的区别：which只能放在主句后面，而as引导的从句位置相对较灵活，可在前，可在后。如：As he realized，I was very useful to him.（在前）正像他所意识到的那样，我对他非常有用。Air，as we know，is a gas.（在中）空气，众所周知，是一种气体。He was a foreigner，as I know from his accent.(在后)他是个外国人，正像我从他
29、的口音判断的那样。He came late again，which made his boss angry.（在后）他又来晚了，这一点使得老板很生气。在which引导的定语从句中，谓语动词若是am，is，are，则这些系动词不能省略，而as后面若是这种情况，则可以省略。如：He is a teacher，as (is)clear from his manner.(is可以省略)他是个老师，这从他的言谈举止可看清楚。He said he had never seen her before，which was not true.（was 不可省略）他说他从来没见过她，这一点不对。当which引导的
30、从句在意义上近乎并列关系时，可以用and this，and that代替，意思是“这件事”。如：He changed his mind，which (and this，and that)made me very angry.他改变了主意，这使我很生气。She has married again，which (and this，and that)was unexpected.出乎意料的是，她又结婚了。而as主要起与上下文连接的作用，表达说话人的看法、观点，并指出主句内容的出处或根据等。如：Einstein，as we know，is a famous scientist.爱因斯坦，众所周知，是位
31、伟大的科学家。As is announced in todays newspaper，we must improve our style of work.今天的报纸上说，我们必须改进工作作风。作主语时，which既可以作系动词be的主语，也可以作实义动词的主语，而as只可以作系动词be的主语。如:He married her，which was natural.（可用as代替which）他和她结婚，这是很自然的事。He won a/the Nobel Prize in chemistry，which made him illustrious.(不可用as代替which)他获得了诺贝尔化学奖，这
32、使他名扬天下。当定语从句位于主句之后，纯粹表示主句所述的内容，不带有“如那样”的意思时，往往用which，而不用as。如：They were invited to the state banquet，which was a great honor to them.他们被邀请参加国宴，这对他们来说是莫大的荣幸。We had to sleep in our wet clothes，which was most uncomfortable.我们不得不穿着湿衣服睡觉，这简直太不舒服了。Mummy always treats me just like a baby，which I cant bear.妈
33、妈老把我当成小孩子对待，这让我无法忍受。当定语从句有“如同那样”的意思时，用as比用which更常见，而这些从句几乎成为固定说法。如：Things will turn out contrary to ones wishes，as is often the case.事与愿违，这是常有的事。As was natural， this inordinate hope was followed by an excessive depression.这种过分希望之后，接着是极度的沮丧，是很自然的事。Chaucer is buried in “Poets Corner”，as might have bee
34、n expected.正如人们已经预料的，乔叟被葬在“诗人角”。The material is elastic，as is show in the figure.这种材料有弹性，如图所示。as we know众所周知as has been said above/before正如前文所述as has been pointed out正如已经指出的as might be imagined可以想像得到当定语从句的关系代词指的是先行词本身时，只能用which。如：These apple trees，which I planted three years ago，have not borne any f
35、ruit.这些苹果树是我三年前种下的，没结出任何果实。The Thames，which is now clean enough to swim in，was polluted for over a hundred years.泰晤士河，现在已经很干净，可以在里面游泳，它曾被污染了一百多年。带介词的典型的定语从句，必须用which，不能用as。如：There is a great deal of oxygen around us，without which we could not live.我们周围有许多氧气，没有它我们就无法生存。The shed in our garden，in which
36、 we often played，has lasted for a long time.我们经常玩耍的花园里的那个棚子，已经有很长时间了。2)引导限制性定语从句时which与as的区别：先行词如为表示物的名词或代词，在从句中又作介词的宾语时，只能用which。如：This is the pan in which I boiled the milk. 这就是我煮牛奶的锅。前面有as时,引导定语从句的关系代词用as，不用which。如：There are as many dictionaries as are needed.所需要的字典都有了。前面有such时，引导定语从句的关系代词用as,不用w
37、hich。如：Such women as know Tom thought he was charming.认识汤姆的女人都认为他很迷人。I have never heard such stories as he tells.他讲的那些故事我从没听过。He is not such a man as I expected.他不是我期望的那种人。前面有the same时，引导定语从句的关系代词用as而不用which。如：We are facing the same problems as we did years ago.我们正面临着和多年以前同样的困难。This is the same wall
38、et as I lost.这只钱包与我丢失的那只相同。I have the same trouble as you have.我和你有着同样的困难。总之，which与as引导定语从句的区别要在实践中多体会，体会多了，才能正确运用。五、定语从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致的问题1.one of+复数名词+关系代词+复数形动词。如：Titanic is one of the most wonderful movies that have been produced in Hollywood.泰坦尼克号是在好莱坞拍的最好的电影之一。2.the (only)one of+复数名词+关系代词+单数形动词
39、。如：The Great Wall is the (only)one of the buildings on the earth that is seen from the moon.长城是地球上惟一一个从月球上能够看到的建筑。3.当关系代词as或which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰主句内容时，若as或which作主语，则从句的谓语动词用单数形式。如：Great changes have taken place in China，as is known to all.中国发生了巨大的变化，众所周知。4.其他情况I，who am your teacher，will try my best to
40、help you.我，你的老师，要尽全力帮助你。To own a color TV set in each family，which we thought was impossible twenty years ago，now becomes true.每家拥有一台彩电，这在20年前我们认为不可能的事情，现在变成了现实。Have you heard of the persons and things that are being talked about? 你听说了他们谈论的人和事了吗？【考点诠释】考点1 “介词+关系代词which/whom”中介词和关系代词的选择介词后作宾语的关系代词为历年
41、高考考查的重点，一般来讲有两个：指人时只能用whom，指物时只能用which。当然关系代词作定语时也可用whose。考点2 as与which引导的非限制性定语从句的判定1as引导的从句表示说话人对话语的看法、态度、解释或评论。特别提示主句中出现the same，such，so修饰先行词时，要选择as作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，此时as引导的是限制性定语从句。2which引导的此类从句对主句所叙述的事情进行补充说明，表明事物的状态或结果。特别提示高考一般不考查as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别，但近年高考试题中出现过这个考点。一般来说，如果从句的含义是顺接主句的叙述，那么这两个
42、词都可以使用；如果从句的含义是对主句的否定，或者语意不是顺接的，则只能用which考点3 关系代词、关系副词引导定语从句的辨别关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语；而关系副词在定语从句中充当时间、地点、原因等状语。一般来说，关系副词在语义上相当于”介词+which”结构。考点4 定语从句的间隔现象定语从句一般紧接被它修饰的先行词，但有时候它和先行词之间有可能插入其他成分，使它与先行词分隔开来，这种定语从句叫做被分隔的定语从句。在这种情况下，对关系词的准确判断显得相当重要，而且在阅读文章时会经常遇到这种情况，在阅读时要注意识别。一般来说，定语从句被分割开来大致有以下三种情况：在先行词与定语从
43、句之间插入一个状语、定语，或被谓语动词分隔开。有些句型结构如同位语从句、状语从句和强调句与定语从句结构较相似，稍不认真就会出错。1定语从句与同位语从句的区别定语从句是对其先行词的修饰或限制，属于形容词性从句的范畴；而同位语从句是对前面抽象名词的进一一步说明和解释，属于名词性从句的范畴。2定语从句与强调句的区别定语从句和强调句的判断方法：若将句中的“It is/wasthat/who”去掉，而句子不缺成分，结构完整，说明原句是强调句。3定语从句与状语从句的区别定语从句在句子中作定语，修饰名词、代词或句子；并且，这个被修饰的名词、代词或句子称为先行词，通常放在定语从句之前。状语从句在句子中作状语，
44、修饰动词；通常不同的状语从句有不同的连词，位置较灵活，通常放在句首或句末，有时也放在句中。定语从句考点典型陷阱题分析1. The factory was built in a secret place, around _ high mountains. A. which wasB. it wasC. which wereD. them were请做以下类例题目：(1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _ some fruit shops.A. which isB. it isC. which areD. them are(2) Th
45、e murder happened in an old building, beside _ the city police station.A. which areB. it isC. which isD. them are(3) Next month well move to a new building, next to _ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.A. which areB. it isC. which isD. them are2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in
46、and asked, “Is there a hospital around _ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”A. thatB. whichC. whereD. what3. _ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What比较下面一题：_ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every mo
47、nth.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What再比较下面一组题：(1) _ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing. A. WhichB. AsC. ThatD. It(2) _ is mentioned above that the number of the students in senior school is increasing. A. WhichB. AsC. ThatD. It4. David is such a good boy _ all the t
48、eachers like.A. thatB. whoC. asD. whom比较下面一题：David is such a good boy _ all the teachers like him.A. thatB. whoC. asD. whom请再做以下试题：It was not such a good dinner _ she had promised us.A. likeB. thatC. whichD. as5. The buses, most of _ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.A. thatB. itC
49、. themD. which类似地：(1) His house, for _ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.A. thatB. itC. themD. which(2) Ashdown forest, through _ well be driving, isnt a forest any longer.A. thatB. itC. themD. which(3) This I did at nine oclock, after _ I sat reading the paper.A. thatB. itC. themD. which(4) G
50、eorge, with _ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.A. thatB. himC. themD. whom(5) Her sons, both of _ work abroad, will come back home this summer.A. thatB. whoC. themD. whom(6) I met the fruit-pickers, several of _ were still university students. A. thatB. whoC. themD. whom6. He ha
51、d thousands of students, many of _ gained great success in their own field.A. whomB. themC. whichD. who比较以下各题：(1) He asked a lot of questions, none of _ was easy to answer.A. whichB. themC. whatD. that(2) He asked a lot of questions, and none of _ was easy to answer.A. themB. whichC. whatD. that(3)
52、He told me that he had two girl-friends, neither of _ knew anything about the other.A. whomB. themC. whichD. who(4) He told me that he had two girl-friends, and neither of _ knew anything about the other.A. themB. whomC. whichD. who7. He had a lot of friends, only a few of _ invited to his wedding.A
53、. whomB. themC. whichD. who比较：(1) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _ carried out in their work.A. whichB. themC. whatD. that(2) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _ were carried out in their work.A. whichB. themC. whatD. that (3) They put forward a lot of
54、plans at the meeting, but none of _ were carried out in their work.A. whichB. themC. whatD. that8. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents seated together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that比较以下相似题：(1) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ p
55、arents were seated together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that (2) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _ parents were seated together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that (3) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents sitting together jo
56、king.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that (4) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents sat together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that (5) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents were sitting together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that9
57、. If the man is only interested in your looks, _ just shows how shallow he is.A. asB. whichC. whatD. that类似地：(1) If you promise to go with us, _ will be OK.A. asB. whichC. and itD. that(2) If you want a double room, _ will cost another 15. A. asB. whichC. whatD. that(3) Whether you go or not, _ is q
58、uite all right with me. A. thatB. whichC. and itD. so(4) When I say two hours, _ includes time for eating. A. asB. whichC. whatD. that10. She says that shell never forget the time _ shes spent working as a secretary in our company.A. whichB. whenC. howD. where比较下面一题：She says that shell never forget
59、the time _ she works as a secretary in our company.A. whichB. whenC. howD. where请再做一组试题：(1) Our company will move to a tall building _ we bought last month.A. whichB. whenC. howD. where (2) Our company will move to a tall building _ has just been complete.A. whichB. whenC. howD. where (3) Our compan
60、y will move to a tall building _ we worked two years ago.A. whereB. whenC. thatD. which精编陷阱题训练1. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _ in the forest. A. once they grewB. they grew once C. they once grewD. once grew2. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p
61、m, _ many people have gone home.A. thatB. whichC. whose timeD. by which time3. Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? A. he explainedB. what he explained C. how he explainedD. why he explained4. Luckily, wed brought a road map without _ we would have lost our way. A. i
62、tB. thatC. thisD. which5. When he was working there he caught a serious illness from _ efforts he still suffers. A. whichB. that C. whoseD. what6. Its said that hes looking for a new job, one _ he can get more money to support his family. A. whenB. whereC. thatD. which7. We are living in an age _ ma
63、ny things are done on computer. A. whichB. thatC. whoseD. when8. The little time we have together well try _ wisely.A. spending itB. to spend itC. to spendD. spending that9. The old building, behind _ was a famous church, was _ we used to work.A. that, the placeB. it, the placeC. which, whereD. what
64、, where10. We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places, _ other visitors seldom go. A. whatB. which C. whereD. when11. The modern history of Italy dates from 1860, _ the country became united. A. whenB. ifC. sinceD. until12. All of the flowers now raised here have devel
65、oped from those _ in the forest.A. once they grewB. they grew onceC. that once grewD. once grew13. You could see the runners very well from _ we stood.A. whichB. whereC. thatD. when14. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _ was very reasonable.A. which priceB. the price of whichC. its priceD.
66、the price of whose15. What have you got _ will help a cold? A. whatB. thatC. itD. who16. He was very angry and I can still remember the way _ he spoke to me.A. howB. thatC. whatD. which17. Do you know the man from _ house the pictures were stolen?A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whose18. I can think of many
67、 cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay.A. whyB. whichC. asD. where19. Is this all that you need? If you married me, Id give you everything you _.A. wantB. wantedC. had wantedD. are wanting20. I met the teacher in the street yesterday _
68、taught me English three years ago. A. whichB. whenC. whereD. who 21. Hes got himself into a dangerous situation _ he is likely to lose control over the plane. A. whereB. whichC. whileD. why22. He made another wonderful discovery, _ of great importance to science.A. which I think isB. which I think i
69、t isC. which I think it D. I think is23. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _, of course, made the others unhappy.A. whoB. whichC. thisD. what24. Their problem today is somewhat similar to _ they faced many years ago. A. thatB. which C. that whichD. it25. I saw some trees th
70、e leaves of _ were black with disease. A. thatB. which C. itD. what26. The famous basketballer, _ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. A. whereB. whenC. whichD. who27. When they went into the shop and asked to look at the engagement rings, the girl brought out a cheaper one, _ she
71、 had arranged with James.A. the which was whatB. what was thatC. which was whatD. that was that【试题放送】u 名词性从句在高考中的考查重点：1. that和what引导名词性从句的区别；2.名词从句的语序和时态；3. it作形式主语、形式宾语的几种情况；4.宾语从句的否定转移；5.whether和if的用法区别；6.what在名词性从句中的使用；7.doubt后的名词性从句的使用；8.Who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别；9.连接词that的省略；38. An e
72、cosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area _ interact with one another.A. thatB. whereC. whoD. what 13The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform_ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.A. whatB. whereC. whenD. why 24John invited abou
73、t 40 people to his wedding, most of _ are family members.Athem Bthat Cwhich Dwhom 16 is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived. A. It B. That C. What D. As 9 Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _ they live.A. what B. which C. when D. where 35
74、 Finally he reached a lonely island _ was completely cut off from the outside world.A. when B. where C. which D. whom 31There is no simple answer, _ is often the case in science.A. as B. thatC. when D. where 34 He may win the competition, _ he is likely to get into the national team.Ain which case B
75、in that case Cin what case Din whose case 33 He wrote a letter _ he explained what had happened in the accident.A. what B. which C. where D. how 32 The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China，_ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.Awhere Bwhich Cwhat Dwhen 21 Happiness
76、 and success often come to those _ are good at recognizing their own strengths.A. whom B. whoC. what D. which 27 The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _ lives were affected.A. whose B. that C. who D. which 27Many countries are now setting up national parks _ animals and
77、plants can be protected. A. when B. which C. whose D. where 29 Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, _ made one of the Chinese peoples longheld dreams come true.Ait Bthat Cwhat Dwhich 6 We have launched another manmade satellite，_ is announced in todays newspaper.A. that B. whic
78、h Cwho Dwhat 4When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house _ I would be staying.A. what B. when C. where D. which 5. The children, _ had played the whole day long, were worn out.A. all of what B. all of which C. all of them D. all of whom【2012辽宁卷】34. The newcomer went to the library the other day
79、and searched for he could find about Mark Twain. A. wherever B. however C. whatever D. whichever【2012四川卷】17. Scientists study _ human brains work to make computers.A. when B. how C. that D. whether【2012江西卷】25It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office.AwhetherBwhereCwhichDthat【201
80、2湖南】6. Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesnt matter _ you have lived there for a short or a long time. A. whyB. howC. whetherD. when【2012浙江卷】4.I made a promise to myself_this year, my first year in high school, would be different.A. whetherB. whatC. thatD. how【2012江苏卷】27.The notice cam
81、e around two in the afternoon _the meeting would be postponed.A. whenB. thatC. whetherD. how【试题延伸】(2011天津)Modern science has given clear evidence _smoking can lead to many diseases.A. what B. which C. that D. where）【2012安徽卷】27.The limits of a persons intelligence generally speaking, are fixed at bir
82、th, but he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. A. where B. whether C. that D. why 【2012全国新课程】24. It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A. how B. whichC. that D. what【2012山东卷】25. It doesnt matter _ you pay by cash or credit card in this store. A. howB. whethe
83、rC. whatD. why 【2012福建卷】35. We promise attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.A. whoB. whom C. whoever D. whomever【2011北京卷 22】_ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. A. WhichB. WhatC. ThatD. Whom【2011北京卷 31】The shocking news mad me realize _ terribl
84、e problems we would face. A. whatB. howC. thatD. why【2011上海卷 35】There is clear evidence _ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.A. whatB. ifC. howD. that【2011上海卷 38】The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _ others actually understand.A. why
85、B. thatC. whichD. what【2011山东卷 26】I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _ he never finishes anything. A. that B. when C. where D. why【2011山东卷 33】Weve offered her the job, but I dont know_ shell accept it.A. where B. what . whether D. which【2011江西卷 26.】The villagers have already know
86、n _ well do is to rebuild the bridge. A. thisB. thatC. whatD. which【2011江苏卷 26】It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.A. that B. how C. when D. why【2011安徽卷 33】His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out _it is he is trying to express. A. that B. how C. who D.
87、what【2011四川卷 10】Our teachers always tell us to believe in _ we do and who we are if we want to succeed. A. why B. how C. what D. which【2011辽宁卷 23】Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach _ to read first. A. what B. who . how D. why【2011辽宁卷 32】When the news came _ the war broke out
88、, he decided, to serve in the army. A. since B. which C. that D. because【2011天津卷 13】Modern science has given clear evidence _ smoking can lead to many diseases.A. what B. which C. that D. where【2011陕西卷 15】Id like to start my own businessthats _ Id do if I had the money. A. why B. when C. which D. wh
89、at【2011重庆卷 22】It is still under discussion _the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.A. whether B. when C. which D. where【2011重庆卷 34】It is not always easy for the public to see _ use a new invention can be of to human life.A. whose B. what C. which D. that【2011湖南卷)31】Before
90、a problem can be solved, it must be obvious _the problem itself is. A. what B. that C. which D. why10福建We should respect food and think about the people who dont have we have here and treat food nicely.A. that B. which C. what D. whether10湖南Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in
91、 the office knew she was so angry.A. where B. whether C. that D. why 10天津As a new graduate, he doesnt know it takes to start a business here.A. how B. what C. When D. which10北京 some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.A. Whether B. What C. That D. How10浙江How about camping th
92、is weekend, just for a change?OK, you want. A. whichever B. however C. whateverD. whoever10浙江It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. A. that B. what C. how D. whether10上海One reason for her preference for city life is she can have
93、 easy access to places like shops and restaurants.A. that B. how C. what D. why10湖北The news _（房价将要下跌）has caused many people to sell their houses at lower prices. (fall)10山东Before the sales start, I make a list of _ my kids will need for the coming season. A. why B. what C. how D. which10上海When chang
94、ing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know .A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is enteringC. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering10四川How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with, whether his friends or relatives.
95、 w_ A. what B. who C. how D. why w10全国We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture.A. that B. which C. what D. where10湖北I want to be liked and loved for I am inside. A. who B. where C. what D. how10全国Have you finished the book?-No,Ive read up to _the children discover the secret
96、 cave.A. which B. what C. that D. where10江苏I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. Thats_I dont agree. You should have a more active life.A. where B. how C. when D. what10北京Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _ it was rather closely modeled on his own life. A. what B. that C. why D. whether
