1、2014高考英语全程复习方略素质与能力提升演练：新人教版必修4U4（答案）必修4 Unit 4. 单词拼写1. We shall _ (保卫) our motherland，whatever the cost may be. 2. The museum had several paintings _ (代表) the artists early style. 3. The boy looked at me _ (好奇地)as if I were a complete stranger. 4. He is fluent in _ (口语的) English，but is not good at
2、written English. 5. The machine will not _ (运转) properly if it is not kept well oiled. 6. The police took down the witnesss _ (陈述)7. There were calls for _ (主要的) changes to the system. 8. Try to avoid being _ (主观的) and one-sided when looking at problems. 9. Speak clearly，or youll make yourself _ (误解
3、)10. As you _ (接近) the school, the first building you see is the teaching building. . 完成句子1. The athletes _ Jordan will take part in this years Special Olympics. (represent)代表约旦的这些运动员将会参加今年的特奥会。2. With _, you can smell the fragrance of all kinds of flowers. (approach)随着春天的来临，你可以闻到各种花香。3. All the vil
4、lagers were on boats to _ the attackers arriving by sea. (defend)所有村民都乘船抗击水上来敌以保卫他们的海岛。4. After John retired, he is crazy about traveling, and this year _. (likely)约翰退休后，他痴迷于旅游，今年他可能在伦敦。5. Students from poor families can apply for educational loans _. (ease)贫困生可以申请助学贷款以减轻家长的经济负担。 6. I _ make a cake,
5、 but I ran out of time. (intend)我原打算做个蛋糕，但我没时间了。7. _ the cat family, the small tiger looks like a big cat. (belong)它属于猫科动物，这只小老虎看起来确实像只大猫。8. Are you going to attend the meeting _ next Saturday? (hold)你打算参加下周六举行的会议吗？9. _ a reply from his girlfriend, he decided to write again. (receive)因没收到他女朋友的回信，他决定
6、再写一封。10. _, well go sightseeing. (permit)如果天气允许，我们要去观光。. 阅读理解 (A)A blind boy has learnt how to “see” again after being taught a language used by dolphins. Young Jamie Aspland utters tiny high-pitch (高音) clicks to rebound the sound off surfaces and guide him round obstacles. The four-year-old, who wa
7、s born without sight, was taught the “echo location” technique as part of an exciting technique pioneered in the US to help the blind. His mother Deborah praised the treatment after her son was able to walk unaided to the park for the first time and even guided himself around a fence. She said, “It
8、has changed our lives. The treatment has been a success. Since learning the skill we can walk to the park and Jamie no longer has to hold my hand. Its amazing. ”Deborah, a mother of three, gave up her job as a tour operator to care for Jamie and his sick brother Kane full time. Jamies twin sister Ro
9、sie also has developmental and learning difficulties. She watched nervously after tiny Jamies first session when he approached a fence, but was able to round it. She said, “We thought he was going to go straight into it. But he just went round it. I didnt think it would be possible. He was born blin
10、d but this treatment has given him a new lease of life. ”Jamie, from Ashford in Kent, has just completed his third session with echo location expert Daniel Kish, who lost his sight when he was just 13 months old. As president of World Access for the Blind, Kish developed the technique based on anima
11、l sonar (声呐) to help humans form “mental maps” of their surroundings. He copied the technique dolphins used to navigate their way through the dark depthsusing high pitch clicks to detect objects and reflect off their inside structure. Jamie is able to mirror that behaviorwhich assists his use of a c
12、ane (手杖)by clicking his tongue against the roof of his mouth to imitate the dolphins underwater tones. 1. What do we know from Paragraph 1？A. Jamie Aspland can avoid obstacles by using the “echo location” technique. B. Using ears has the same effect as using eyes with the development of science. C.
13、Dolphins eyes are not helpful in locating objects at all. D. The “echo location” technique isnt helpful to people with normal sight. 2. Jamies mother Deborah believes that _. A. Jamie wont need her help any longerB. Jamie will be able to do whatever he wantsC. her family benefits from the “echo loca
14、tion” techniqueD. people can see small objects with the“echo location” technique3. What can we infer from Paragraph 3? A. Jamies father has to work hard to support his family. B. Jamies mother used to have a hard time with her kids. C. There must be something wrong with Deborahs genes. D. Jamie will
15、 be able to help look after his sister and brother. 4. According to the author, Daniel Kish _. A. was born without sightB. doesnt charge anything for training techniqueC. is quite familiar with dolphins life D. contributes a lot to the“echo location” technique5. What is implied in the passage? A. Da
16、niel Kish has suffered a lot from being blind. B. It is hard for the blind to master the “echo location” technique. C. Dolphins cant use the “echo location” technique out of water. D. Jamie still has to use his walking cane sometimes. 6. 请用30个左右的词概括文章大意_(B)2012广州模拟Heading off to college this year? H
17、ere are some fashion tips from our experts you should keep in mind:Dress to impress: Stylist and business consultant Daniela Smith says, “Girls should keep in mind that your college professors will often be the bridge that connects you to your future career and your classmates will become your profe
18、ssional network. You dont need to dress like youre going to the office, but you should display an ability to properly present yourself with appropriate maturity and confidence. ”Logo mania(品牌狂热症):Wearing the logos of brands aimed at younger customers physically identifies you as part of that age gro
19、up, so consider the targeted age group of the stores you shop at. Its tempting to load up on logos, especially well-known logos that signify high-end brands. But consider this: college is a time of self-discovery, a chance to develop your own personal style. Instead of wearing logos head to toe, “wa
20、lking advertisement”-style, why not express who you really are? Wear real pants: The combination of leggings and baggy shirts is all too common on college campuses. Smith points out that leggings, yoga pants, and sweatpants are entirely unacceptable in public unless youre exercising. Although leggin
21、gs worn as pants are a common trend among high school and college girls, they are not an appropriate choice for daywear. As a young woman, your style choice should begin to reflect your maturity level. So, get rid of leggings and wear real pants! Keep the cute factor to a minimum: Stay away from swe
22、aters and T-shirts with smiling animals, cartoon characters, or Hello Kitty on them. Sure, kittens might be cute, but theyre not doing you any favors in the style department. Dressing too cutely can take years off your look, and not necessarily in a good way! 7. The second paragraph indicates the im
23、portance of _. A. impressing professors B. getting on well with classmatesC. creating a professional imageD. dressing appropriately8. The author believes that college girls should _. A. choose a logo that suits their ageB. try to load up on well-known logosC. use logos to show who they areD. find th
24、eir identity by trying different logos9. The author recommends wearing real pants because _. A. leggings and baggy shirts are too commonB. yoga pants and sweatpants are not as comfortableC. real pants can present you with appropriate maturityD. people like real pants better than the other pants 10.
25、Whats the writers attitude towards sweaters with animals on them? A. They make people look lovely. B. They are very fashionable these days. C. They will show youre an animal lover. D. They are not suitable for college-aged students. 11. In which magazine would you most likely find this passage? A. B
26、usiness Week. B. Parents. C. In style. D. Travel & Leisure. 答案解析. 1. defend 2. representing 3. curiously 4. spoken 5. function 6. statements 7. major 8. subjective9. misunderstood 10. approach. 1. who represent/representing2. the spring approaching/the approach of the spring 3. defend their island a
27、gainst4. he is likely to be in London5. to ease their parents financial pressure6. had intended to7. Belonging to 8. to be held 9. Not having received/Because he hadnt received 10. Weather permitting/If weather permits.一个盲童在学习了海豚的语言后可以重新“看”世界了。年仅4岁，先天失明的Jamie Aspland学习了“回声定位方法”，这种方法沿用了海豚的回声定位技术，帮助盲人
28、绕开周围的障碍。1. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。从第一段中“Young Jamie Aspland. . . guide him round obstacles. ”可知，答案为A。2.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段“It has changed our lives. The treatment has been a success. ”可推断，答案为C。3.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段“Deborah, a mother of three, gave up her job. . . ”和“Jamies twin sister Rosie also has development
29、al and learning difficulties. ”可推断，答案为B。4.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段“. . . Kish developed the technique. . . of their surroundings”可知，答案为D。5.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据末段“Jamie is able to mirror that behaviorwhich assists his use of a cane. . . ”可推断，答案为D。6. The passage mainly tells us that a blind boy has learnt how to
30、 “see” again after being taught a language used by dolphins. So hes got out of trouble and is living a new life. 作者针对即将上大学的同学，提出了一些较时尚的“秘诀”。7.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据Dress to impress中的“. . . you should display an ability to properly present yourself with appropriate maturity and confidence, and look put toge
31、ther”可知答案为D项；A、B、C三项都是穿着得体所带来的益处，故排除。8.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据Logo mania中的“. . . college is a time of self-discovery, a chance to develop your own personal style. Instead of wearing logos head to toe, walking advertisement-style, why not express who you really are? ”可知应选A项。9.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据Wear real pants中的
32、“Although leggings worn as pants are a common trend among high school and college girls, they are not an appropriate choice for daywear. As a young woman, your style choice should begin to reflect your maturity level. ”可知答案为C项；根据“. . . leggings, yoga pants, and sweatpants are entirely unacceptable i
33、n public unless youre exercising. ”可排除A项；B、D两项说法与文章内容不符，故选C项。10.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据Keep the cute factor to a minimum中的“Sure, kittens might be cute, but theyre not doing you any favors in the style department. ”可排除A项；B、C两项在文中未提及；根据“Dressing too cutely can take years off your look, and not necessarily in
34、a good way! ”可知应选D项。11.【解析】选C。推理判断题。通读全文可知本文主要讲述了衣着及样式得体方面的内容，由此可知应选C项。高考英语语法：定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句一.关系代词的用法: 关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中作主语在定语从句中作动词的宾语或者介词的宾语, 介词在后指人that / whothat / who / whom指物that / whichthat / which上表中黑框内的关系代词可以省略; 在口语及非正式文体中whom常被who所替代; 另外, 关系代词whose表示 (先行词)的二.示例:1.关系代词在定语从句中作主语a. Do you know
35、the man that / who came to see Xiao Yang this morning ?b. This is a book that / which tells about space rocket.2.关系代词在定语从句中作动词的宾语a. The comrade ( that / who / whom ) they came to visit is a scientist.b. I will never forget the day ( that / which ) we spent in the countryside.3.关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语, 介词在后
36、a. This is the house ( that / which ) he was born in.b. The person ( that / who / whom ) you should write to is Mr Ball.c. The man ( that / who / whom ) you talked with is our English teacher.4.whose引导的定语从句a. I know a lady whose husband is a Nobel Prize winner.b. The child whose mother died in the f
37、ire is now an engineer in our company.c. He is living in a house whose windows are painted white.三.应注意的问题:1.指物时, 关系代词只用that而不用which的情况:.先行词被最高级或the only, the very, the same等修饰时a. This is the best play that was written by Jack.b. He is the only person that I can trust.先行词被序数词或the last等词修饰时a. This is
38、the first car that arrived this morning.先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything等不定代词时或被不定代词all, any, no等修饰时a. All the people that come from the country work much harder.b. This is all that I can tell you.人+动物或事物共同作为先行词时a. My father and Mr Brown talked of things and persons that they rememb
39、ered for about an hour.句中又有which作为疑问词出现时a. Which is the train that goes to Beijing ?2.关系代词who, which, that在定语从句中作主语时, 要注意定语从句中的主谓一致问题. 因为who / that / which指代先行词, 所以定语从句的谓语与先行词保持一致即可a. I came to get the book that was left in the classroom.b. I came to get the books that were left in the classroom.关系副
40、词引导的定语从句一.关系副词的用法: when在定语从句中作地点状语; where在定语从句中作地点状语; why在定语从句中作原因状语二.示例:a. He was well at the time when I saw him.b. Lets meet at the place where we met yesterday.c. This is the reason why I am in favor of the singer.三.应注意的问题:1.在某些表示时间的名词后的关系副词可省略, 这样的名词如: the time, every time, each time, the momen
41、t, the minute, the second等 (也有语法家认为是这些名词直接引导了时间状语从句)a. By the time ( when ) he was fourteen years old he had learned much English.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句一.说明: 关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时, 介词可以位于关系代词之前,从而构成介词+关系代词引导的定语从句二.这种定语从句中关系代词的用法: 在这种定语从句中, 关系代词只能用whom(指人)和which(指事物), 而不能使用that / who三.示例:a. This is the house in
42、which he was born.b. The person to whom you should write is Mr Ball.c. The man with whom you talked is our English teacher.d. The gentleman, with whose daughter I worked, looked down upon woman.四.应注意的问题:1.关系代词前的介词可以是单个介词,也可以是短语介词或类似短语介词的词组a. This is the house in which he was born.b. At five oclock w
43、e reached the house, in front of which there is a big tree.c. At five oclock we reached the mountain, at the foot of which lie some farmhouses.2.根据表达的需要, 介词之前还可以有其他词, 从而构成名词或代词+介词+关系代词引导的定语从句a. I used to live in a small room, the window of which faces the street.b. At the gate stood a group of stude
44、nts, some of whom are girls.3.介词若为短语动词中的介词, 则不可将介词拆开放在关系代词之前a. This is the magazine which you are looking for.( for不能放在which之前)b. The child whom Aunt Li takes care of is ill.( of不能放在whom之前)4.关系副词when / where / why常可与 介词+关系代词互换a. Do you remember the days when we were in Beijing? ( =in which we were i
45、n Beijing )b. Do you remember the park where we once played for a whole day?( =in which we once played for a whole day )c. This is the reason why he was absent yesterday. (= for which he was absent )限定性与非限定性定语从句一.两者的区别: 见下表形式作用译法限定性定语从句无逗号与主句分开修饰限定作用, 即不可缺少的定语其译文常位于先行词之前, 并体现的非限定性定语从句有逗号与主句分开附加、补充说明
46、的作用, 若缺少它, 句意仍然完整常将其译成一个和主句并列的分句二.关系词的用法: 非限定性定语从句不能用that引导, 并且关系词在任何情况下都不能省略, 除此之外, 在关系词的使用上, 非限定性定语从句与限定性定语从句完全相同三.示例:a. My book, which is very old, is on the table.b. President Kennedy, who had heard of King before, was interested to meet him.c. His father, who is working in Beijing, is an engine
47、er.d. The house, where he was born, has been destroyed in the earthquake.e. Mr. Smith, with whom you just talked, is our English teacher.f. The gentleman, with whose daughter I worked, looked down upon woman.四.应注意的问题:1.as / which都可以引导一个非限定性定语从句, as / which是关系代词, 指代主句中所提到的某种情况, 它们的不同点是:.as引导的这种定语从句位置
48、比较灵活, 可位于句首, 句中, 句尾; 但which引导的这种定语从句只能位于主句之后. as还带有正如, 正象之意, 而which不含此意a. The earth is like a ball, as everyone knows.b. As everyone knows, the earth is like a ball.c. They said they were French, which wasnt true.常见问题一.定语从句还原法: 试题中有很多有关定语从句的, 这类题往往需选择引导词部分. 做好这类题的关键首先是要有这样的观念: 定语从句应有完整而合理的句子成分. 基于这一
49、点, 我们可以用还原法来检验定语从句是否正确, 即把定语从句还原成为一个简单句. 具体做法是:.第一步: 替换. 将关系代词直接替换成先行词, 如果是关系副词, 先替换成介词+关系代词, 再将关系代词替换成先行词.第二步: 调整, 即调整语序, 看能否构成一个合理的简单句例如, 还原以下例句a中的定语从句的过程是: 先将that / which替换成先行词the park, 再调整语序, 就能得到一个合理的简单句: We visited the park last year. 再如, 还原以下例句b中的定语从句的过程是: 先将where替换成in which, 再将which替换成先行词the
50、 park, 再调整语序, 就得到一个合理的简单句: We once played for a whole day in the park.a. Do you remember the park that / which we visited last year?b. Do you remember the park where we once played for a whole day?c. Do you still remember the days that / which we spent together ?d. Do you still remember the days whe
51、n we were together?二.分隔定语从句: 定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后, 但有时也被分隔开来, 在阅读时要注意根据定语从句所表达的意思来分辨先行词是什么a. I was the only person in the office who was invited.b. He was the only one of the students who passed the GRE.as引导的这种定语从句位置比较灵活, 可位于句首, 句中, 句尾; 但which引导的这种定语从句只能位于主句之后. as还带有正如, 正象之意, 而which不含此意a. The earth is lik
52、e a ball, as everyone knows.b. As everyone knows, the earth is like a ball.c. They said they were French, which wasnt true.常见问题一.定语从句还原法: 试题中有很多有关定语从句的, 这类题往往需选择引导词部分. 做好这类题的关键首先是要有这样的观念: 定语从句应有完整而合理的句子成分. 基于这一点, 我们可以用还原法来检验定语从句是否正确, 即把定语从句还原成为一个简单句. 具体做法是:.第一步: 替换. 将关系代词直接替换成先行词, 如果是关系副词, 先替换成介词+关系
53、代词, 再将关系代词替换成先行词.第二步: 调整, 即调整语序, 看能否构成一个合理的简单句例如, 还原以下例句a中的定语从句的过程是: 先将that / which替换成先行词the park, 再调整语序, 就能得到一个合理的简单句: We visited the park last year. 再如, 还原以下例句b中的定语从句的过程是: 先将where替换成in which, 再将which替换成先行词the park, 再调整语序, 就得到一个合理的简单句: We once played for a whole day in the park.a. Do you remember t
54、he park that / which we visited last year?b. Do you remember the park where we once played for a whole day?c. Do you still remember the days that / which we spent together ?d. Do you still remember the days when we were together?二.分隔定语从句: 定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后, 但有时也被分隔开来, 在阅读时要注意根据定语从句所表达的意思来分辨先行词是什么a. I was the only person in the office who was invited.b. He was the only one of the students who passed the GRE
