1、Unit 3 The world of science 泛读技能初养成 返首页2 阅读 Reading 2 的材料，选出最佳选项 1Who proved the Franklins experiment was not true?AFranklin himself.BHis neighbors.CSome scientists.DSome students.返首页3 2Which story has also been mentioned and questioned?AFranklins life story.BFranklins work as a scientist.CNewtons t
2、heory of gravity.DLightning made by electricity.返首页4 3From the first two paragraphs，what do we know about the experiment?AOnly Franklin wanted to know the relation between electricity and lightning.BFranklin taught many children about his findings in different schools.C People had already known the
3、cause of lightning before Franklins experiment.DAs a scientist Franklin was admired for his attitude to science.返首页5 4What people are inspired for in Franklins story?AHis bravery and approach.BThe kite with a key tied to the string.CThe stormy weather with lightning.DHis touching on the metal key.返首
4、页6 5In which aspect Franklins experiment was NOT true?AHis story and the details of the experiment.BHis bravery and his scientific approach.CThe key tied to the string of the kite.DHis death from the electric shock.返首页7 6What do we know a bout the Newtons story?AThe scientists didnt see the apple fa
5、lling on Newtons head.BScientists like to question everything around them.CNo one can prove the apple really hit Newton on the head.DThe falling apple inspired Newton to think deeply about why.答案 16 CCDAAD 返首页8 Words and Phrases知识要点1 instance n例子，实例(教材 P29)For instance，some restaurants in London hav
6、e served 3Dprinted hamburgers to customers.例如，在伦敦，一些餐馆已经向顾客提供 3D 打印出来的汉堡了。返首页9 例 1 In many instances people were left without any money at all.在很多情况下，人们会落到身无分文的地步。例 2 What would you do，for instance，if you found a member of staff stealing?比如说，如果你发现有职员偷东西，你会怎么办？造句 很多地方都有了改进，比如鼠标的两个按键。_ There are a num
7、ber of improvements；for instance，the mouse buttons.返首页10 知识拓展 for instance 例如；譬如 in the first instance首先；第一步 at sb.s instance经某人请求；在某人的敦促下 返首页11 即学即练 单句语法填空 In most _(instance)，there will be no need for further treatment._the first instance your child will be seen by an ear，nose，and throat specialis
8、t.instances In 返首页12 知识要点2 injure v伤害；使受伤；损害；伤害(名誉、自尊等)(教材 P29)And it is not just humans who are benefiting in Brazil,people have given a new 3Dprinted shell to a turtle injured in a forest fire!并且不仅仅是人类正在受益，在巴西，人们已经给一只在森林大火中受伤的海龟换上了一个 3D 打印出来的龟壳。返首页13 例 1 Too much smoking will injure the voice.吸烟太多
9、会损害嗓音。例 2 Three people were killed and five injured in the crash.撞车事故中有三人死亡，五人受伤。造句 这会严重损害学校的声誉。_ This could seriously injure the schools reputation.返首页14 知识拓展 injury n 伤害；损伤；受伤处 injured adj.受伤的 the injured 受伤的人 返首页15 即学即练 单句语法填空 The _(injure)was quite painful and I couldnt move my arm for a monthI
10、hated that.The woman _(injury)in the car crash is still under treatment in hospital.injury injured 返首页16 小片段填空 An _ man was taken to the hospital，where the doctors found he suffered severe _ to the head and arms and they wondered who had _ him.一个受伤的人被送到了医院，在那里医生发现他的头部和胳膊都受到了严重的伤害，他们想知道是谁伤害了他。injured
11、 injuries injured 返首页17 知识要点3(教材 P30)A mountain on the Moon and a minorplanet are named after him.月球上的一座山和一个小星球都是以他的名字命名的。(1)minor adj.次要的；不重要的；小的 返首页18 例 1 There are some very minor changes in words and punctuation.在用词与标点方面有一些非常小的变化。例 2 There may be some minor changes to the schedule.时间安排也许会有些小小的变动
12、。造句 在这个组织中，这位老师发挥着相对次要的作用。_ The teacher played a relatively minor role in the organization.返首页19 知识拓展 minority n 少数；少数民族 in the minority 占少数 返首页20 即学即练 单句语法填空 British households who do not have a car are only in the _(minor)Writing an article about two ethnic _(minority)minority minorities 返首页21 小片段
13、填空 There are 55_in our country and there are some _differences between them.That is to say，the differences between them are _ 我们国家有 55 个少数民族，他们之间有一些较小的差异。也就是说他们之间的差异占少数。minorities minor in the minority 返首页22(2)be named after 以命名 例 1 Bill was born after his father died one month later and was named a
14、fter his father.比尔在父亲去世后一个月出生，以其父亲的名字命名。例 2 His name will remain unforgotten，for the greatest building was named after him.他的名字不会被忘记，因为那座宏伟的建筑是以他的名字命名的。返首页23 造句 这座桥是用那位献出了生命的英雄的名字命名的。_ The bridge was named after the hero who gave his life.返首页24 知识拓展 in the name of 以的名义；代表 under the name(of)用的别名 返首页2
15、5 即学即练 单句语法填空 There are many schools and hospitals _(name)after a great man Shao Yifu.I would like to give you some advice_the name of a friend.named in 返首页26 知识要点4 apart from 除之外(教材 P32)Apart from being a successful statesman，he was also well known as a leading American author，printer and publisher
16、，successful diplomat，creative scientist and inventor.除了是个成功的政治家以外，富兰克林也因为下面的身份而知名：一流的美国作家，印刷和出版商，成功的外交家，有创意的科学家和发明家。返首页27 例 1 Apart from providing warmth，what was fire used for?除了提供温暖之外，火还是用来做什么的？例 2 This essay is good apart from a couple of spelling mistakes.除了有些拼写错误，这篇文章写得不错。造句 除足球外你还喜欢哪些运动？_ What
17、 other sports do you like apart from football?返首页28 知识拓展 apart from 具有双重含义，既可以相当于 except(for)/but，意为“除以外，没有，”又可以相当于 besides/in addition to，意为“除以外，还有”。in addition/besides 另外，此外 tell.apart 区分开 返首页29 即学即练 单句语法填空 Apart from _(care)for her children，she has to take on some heavy timeconsuming housework.It
18、s easy to tell my pills _because theyre all different colours.caring apart 返首页30 知识要点5 attach vt.系；贴；连接(教材 P32)A metal key was attached to the string.一个金属钥匙被拴在了绳子上。例 1 He attached a stamp to the envelope.他在信封上贴了张邮票。返首页31 例 2 Theyve attached a number of conditions to the agreement.他们在协议上附加了一些条件。造句 他把
19、马拴在了树上小睡了一会儿。_ He attached his horse to a tree and took a nap.返首页32 知识拓展 attachment n 附件，依恋 be attached to固定在；依恋；附属于 attach importance to重视 返首页33 即学即练 单句语法填空 We should attach importance to _(learn)basic skills.People with disabilities can go anywhere using hightech cameras _(attach)to their head.lea
20、rning attached 返首页34 小片段填空 The young boy is studying in the Senior high that is _ to Shandong University.He _ great importance to learning biology and hopes to become a scientist as Tu Youyou.Everyday he _some small pieces of paper to his desk where there are many key points from the textbook.这个男孩子在
21、山东大学附属高中读书，他很重视生物的学习，想当一名像屠呦呦那样的科学家。每天他都把课本上的知识点写在小纸片上，然后贴在书桌上。attached attaches attaches 返首页35 Sentence Patterns重点句式1 make宾语十宾补 结构(教材 P32)For example，the title“Franklins Experiment：How Much Is True？”makes it clear what question is being answered within the essay.例如题目“富兰克林的实验：真实性有多少？”表明了文章里面要回答的问题。返
22、首页36 句式分析：make it clear 是“make宾语十宾补”结构的一种特殊形式，其中 it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语为宾补后的 that 从句。返首页37 例 1 The police officer made it clear that they were letting him go on the ground that he was too old.警官明确表示，他们让他走的理由是他年纪太大了。例 2 I have to make it clear that we have one key problem：that is technology.我想说清楚一点，我们的关键问题是技
23、术问题。造句 我想明确地说明我和这事没关系。_ Id like to make it clear that I had nothing to do with this.返首页38 知识拓展“make宾语宾语补足语”是一个常用句式。make 后的宾语是不定式或 that 从句或动名词，宾语补足语是形容词或名词，如果宾语较长，且宾语后面有补语时，这时往往把形式宾语 it 放在宾语的位置上，把真正的宾语放在后面。返首页39 与 make 用法相同的常用动词还有：find，feel，think，consider等。该 句 型 为：make/find/feel/think/consider it adj
24、./n.that-clause/(for sb.)to do sth.返首页40 翻译 We _ that a child should be left alone in the house.(认为是不对的)We _ to explain to him what happened.(觉得困难)think it not right found it difficult 返首页41 即学即练 单句语法填空 We must make _ a duty to protect our common global environment.The rain made it more difficult fo
25、r us _(finish)the work on time.it to finish 返首页42 重点句式2 neither.nor.既不也不(教材 P33)However，neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true.然而故事和实验的细节都不完全真实。句式分析：neither.nor.表示“既不也不”。其含义是否定的，可连接任意两个并列的成份。返首页43 例 1 Neither dad nor mum is at home today.今天父母都不在家。例 2 She likes neither
26、butter nor cheese.她既不喜欢黄油也不喜欢乳酪。造句 他既不知道也不关心发生了什么。_ He neither knows nor cares what happened.返首页44 知识拓展(1)当 neither.nor.连接两个主语时，也应遵循“就近原则”。(2)若将 neither.nor.句型变为肯定句，只需把 neither.nor.改为both.and.即可，同时谓语动词必须用复数形式。(3)还可以单独使用 neither 作主语，表示“两者中没有一个”。(4)neither 或 nor 还有另外一种用法，就是当表达一个人没有做某事，另一个人也没做同一类事时，可用
27、neither 或 nor 进行简略回答。其结构为：Neither/Nor助动词/情态动词/be 动词主语。返首页45 翻译 _likes football.(他俩任何一个都不)I havent been to my fathers hometown and _(我姐姐也没有)Neither of them neither has mysister 返首页46 即学即练 单句语法填空 I hadnt been to New York before and _ had Jane.He cannot see and nor _ he hear until one month ago.neither
28、 could 返首页47 推理判断题(1)提分技巧：推理判断题中也含有对细节的理解，考查的内容虽然也属于原文细节，但它要求考生在原文的基础上对文章信息进行分析、理解、推断，立足于由已知推断未知。首先要定位信息。通过速读找到题目和文章中相对应的信息点；其次是字面理解。理解相关信息点的字面意思；最后是深层理解。结合语境和常识，在理解字面意返首页48 思的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断，从而理解作者的言外之意。细节推断题的答案不能在文章中直接找到，但推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推理的依据，进行正向或逆向思考，推断出隐含的深层含义，推断时要做到判断有据，推论有理。切忌主观臆断、过度推断、错
29、误推断和以细节代替推断。返首页49 典例(2018全国卷阅读理解 C 节选)Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years，but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers，small，tightly knit(联系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent
30、 of each other.Some language experts believe that 10，000 years ago，when the world had just five to ten million people，they spoke perhaps 12，000 languages between them.返首页50 28What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?AThey developed very fast.BThey were large in number.CThey had sim
31、ilar patterns.DThey were closely connected.返首页51 B 根据本段最后一句“Some language experts believe that 10，000 years ago，when the world had just five to ten million people，they spoke perhaps 12，000 languages between them.”可推知，在狩猎时代，人口少，语言种类却很多，故选 B。返首页52 即学即练 请迅速找出下面段落中的针对该题目的推理信息。At the age of 4，I began att
32、ending the choir at St.James Church.My mother decided that joining the choir would provide me with musical instruction.I was initially joined by a lot of kids at St.James，making choir a fun，social task，but as I grew older，one by one，my friends began dropping out.返首页53 St.James was situated on the Up
33、per East Side，one of the fanciest areas in New York，while I came from the Brooklyn neighborhood of Bushwick.Some children at the choir proudly showed off the signs of their good education whose cost was nearly as much as my mothers yearly wage，while I wore my uniform of jeans and a Tshirt.They knew
34、me as the girl from Brooklyn，the chorister who went to public school.This discrepancy(差异)made me very uncomfortable.返首页54 I begged my mom to let me follow the path of my friends，but she replied with a“no”As the years went on，I continued to bother my mother.Her answers began to lessen in severity.She
35、 said“Just do it for one more year”or“Are you sure？”Not seeing much hope，I began to withdraw my constant requests.Gradually I enjoyed finding my voice every week in church.After years in the choir，people started to acknowledge me for my voice rather than my address and I began to appreciate music an
36、d my habitual complaints about the choir were completely gone.返首页55 Through the choir，I learned that if you continue with something long enough，you will receive some sort of benefit from it and maybe even grow to love it.Because of the choir，I found my voice in a small church.Because of the choir，I
37、am willing to go wherever life will take me with an open mind.返首页56 How did the authors mother react to her repeated requests？()AShe didnt refuse them flatly.BShe was very angry about them.CShe agreed to them completely.DShe simply ignored them.返首页57 A 推理判断题。由第三段中的“she replied with a no，Just do it for one more year or Are you sure？”可知，在作者提出想退出唱诗班时，作者的母亲起初态度坚决，在作者的一再请求下，母亲没有断然拒绝，态度有所缓和，但仍希望她坚持下去。Thank you for watching!
