1、2014高考英语阅读理解抓分练习精品（16）及答案第三部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A(2012三明普高联考)Here Id like to talk about how to develop your curiosity and make use of it to make discoveries. Asking questions is the first step to make discoveries and find interesting answers when you are c
2、urious about something and want to know more about it.Firstly, write down the subject that you are interested in on a note card or piece of paper. Just put the main idea down, such as “Discover more about dinosaurs.”Next, think for a moment about what you already know about your subject and list inf
3、ormation like the sentences below：1. Dinosaurs lived long before human beings appeared. 2. Dinosaurs lived on the earth for more than 150 million years.3. Some dinosaurs fed on plants, some on meat.Thirdly, ask yourself “What can I do with what I want to learn？” On your paper, start writing down que
4、stions about the dinosaurs as you think of them：1. Whats the best weather for dinosaurs to live in?2. How many kinds of dinosaurs are there?3. Have dinosaurs really disappeared?Fourthly, armed_with_your_list_of_questions,_you can now visit the nearest library or turn to computer to begin your resear
5、ch. As you learn more about your subject, youll probably discover some new questions. For example, you might discover that dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. Why? What happened? Asking new questions can help you research your subject more deeply.The next time you find something intere
6、sting to research, take time to organize your thinking by asking good questions. And rememberlearning more always bring more questions.文章大意：怎样利用好奇心，提出问题然后做出发明呢？本文具体讲述了这样做的步骤。56While doing some research, you should take the following steps_.list what you want to know choose a research subjectlist wha
7、t you already know discover new problemsA B. C D答案：C细节理解题。由文中的“firstly，next，thirdly，fourthly”可知C项符合。57What does the underlined sentence “Armed with your list of questions” mean?ATaking your list of questions with you to do more researchBWriting down your list of questions before turn to the computer
8、CDiscussing your questions with your classmates for solutionDPutting your questions aside before going to the library答案：A猜测词义题。由划线词后的下一句“As you learn more about your subject, youll probably discover some new questions.”可知，带着你列的问题去再研究。58According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?AYou ca
9、n find all the answers online.BLearn more, and youll have no questions.CAsking questions is the only way for researchDDuring the research, more questions may arise.答案：D细节理解题。由最后一段最后一句话“And rememberlearning more always bring more questions.”可知，在研究过程中，你就会遇到更多的问题。59The best title for this passage is_.A
10、Discovering Dinosaurs BAsking Good QuestionsCFinding Suitable Subjects DHaving Interesting Answers答案：B主旨大意题。由文章大意可知，本文主要讲的是利用好奇心，提出问题然后做出发明的步骤。所以B项符合。阅读理解主旨大意Passage* (北大附中模拟卷) BEIJING ( Associated Press) ! China has a growing middle class, a tradition of expecting education and 21 million new babie
11、s every year. Selling educational toys should be easy. While China may be the worlds biggest toy-maker, much of the best is exported. Department stores here do not have e- nough high-quality toys. It is said the demand for educationaltoys is low. A US company, BabyCare, is trying to change that with
12、 a new way to sell toys in China. BabyCare works basically together with doctors in Beijing hospitals. People who join the companys mothers club get lectures and news letters on baby and child development at no extra cost-if they agree to spend 18 dollars a month on the companys educational toys and
13、 childeare books. We want to build a seven-year relationship with those people, said Matthew J. Estes, BabyCares president. It starts during pregnancy, when the anxiety ar.d needs are highest. BabyCare works on a one-to-one basis. Doctors, nurses, and teachers-paid by BabyCare-advise parents, explai
14、ning toys that are designed for children at each stage of development to age six. BabyCare opened its first store in China last June in a shopping center in central Beijing and another near Beijing Zoo. It plans to have 80 stores in China within six years.It is a new model for China and develops a m
15、arket in young childrens education and health that no other companies are in. 1. What do the first two paragraphs mainly tell us? A. Educational toys and, foreign toy markets. B. Problems with Chinas toy market and education. C. Reasons for pushing sales of educational toys in China. D. Baby populat
16、ion and various kinds of toys made in China. 答案: C 指导：直选题，从前两段中知：Selling educational toys should be easy，department stores here do not have enough high-quality toys2. Which of the following would be the most suitable title for the passage? A. Mothers Club in China B. BabyCare and Doctors C. American
17、. Company Model D. On Educational Toys Passage 答案: D 指导：纵观全文，文章主要是关于educational toys的一篇报道，中心意思不言自明。阅读理解主旨大意Passage* (典型例题海卷) Transportation and communication networks bring people together. Yet sometimes people themselves create barriers (障碍) to transportation and communication. In some countries, l
18、aws stop people from moving freely from place to place. Over the centuries, many groups of people have been denied the freedom to travel because of their race, religion, or nationality. In the Middle Ages, for example, Jews were often forbidden to move about freely within certain cities. South Afric
19、as government used to require black Africans to carry passes when they travel within the country. Some governments require all citizens to carry identification papers and to report to government officials whenever they move. Countries set up customs posts at their borders. Foreign travellers must go
20、 through a customs inspection before they are allowed to travel in the country. Usually travellers have to carry special papers such as passports and visas (签证). Some countries even limit the number of visitors to their country each year. Others allow tourists to visit only certain areas of the coun
21、try, or they may require that travellers be with an official guide at all times during their stay. Many of those harriers to travel also act as barriers to communication. When two governments disagree with each other on important matters, they usually do not want their citizens to exchange news or i
22、deas freely. Countries often try to keep military or industrial information secret.Today, people have the ability to travel, to communicate, and to transport goods more quickly and easily than ever be- fore. Natural barriers that were difficult or dangerous to cross a hundred years ago can now be cr
23、ossed easily. The harriers that people themselves make are not so easy to overcome. But in spite of all the different kinds of barriers, people continue to enjoy travel and the exchange of goods and ideas. 1. The examples in Paragraph 2 are used to tell the readers that_. A. people have been allowed
24、 to travel freely within the country B. people have not been permitted to travel freely for various reasons C. travellers have to carry special papers such as passports and visas D. customs posts are .necessary at the borders of the countries 答案: B 指导：这是一道细节推断题。第二段例子说明由于种种原因与可不允许自由地旅游。2. Some govern
25、ments limit the freedom of communication because_. A. they intend to keep their national secrets unknown to others B. they think such freedom will lead to wars C. they often disagree with each other on important matters D. they want to show their authority over communication 答案: A 指导：这是一道细节推断题。第三段Co
26、untriesoftentry to keep military or industrial information secret”说明政府限制通信自由的原因是防止泄密。3. We may learn from the passage-that _. A. people do not care about the removal of harriers between countries B. people can not remove the obstacles made by themselves C. man-made harriers are sometimes harder to o
27、vercome than natural onesD. barriers should be taken for granted as they always exist 答案: C 指导：这是一道细节推断题。根据最后一段The barriers that people them selve smake are not So easy too ver come可推断出人为造成的障碍要比天然障碍难以克服。4. Which of the following can serve as the best title of the passage? A. Barriers Made by People
28、B. Functions of CommunicationC. Restrictions on Transportation 答案: A 指导，这是一道主旨题。根据短文内容可确定其题目应为Barriers Madeby People B(2012上海长宁区期终质检)The American Family Immigration History Center is an exciting new interactive area at the Ellis Island Immigration Museum where more than 100 million Americans may sea
29、rch for their familys beginnings in the New World. Now, for the first time, the passengers records of the ships that landed some 22 million immigrants, crewmembers and other passengers at the Port of New York and Ellis Island from 1892 to 1924 have been computerized, making it easier than ever to di
30、scover your own family history.Five years in the making, the center was developed and funded by the Statue of the LibertyEllis Island Foundation, Inc., which was responsible for the restoration and preservation of the Statue of the Liberty and Ellis Island, and the creation of the Immigration Museum
31、.For visitors to the Museum, the excitement begins at a welcoming kiosk where you can enter ancestors names and see if their arrival records are included in the database and are available in the History Center in the Museums West Wing. Once inside the Center itself, in the very place where your ance
32、stors(grandgrandparents) may have ended their long journey, you and your family can log on the one of 41 computers, type in name, and, within seconds, set in motion your own special journey of discovery.Imagine the excitement youll share with your family as you use the latest technology to sort thro
33、ugh a vast computerized archive(档案馆) with millions of records, and see your familys own personal story in America come to life before your eyes. Millions of hours were spent creating this vast database and, if you find your ancestors names, youll discover answers to questions youve always wondered a
34、bout. What ship did my family members take? When did they arrive? How old were they? Were they married? Then, take these valuable records and create your own Family History Scrapbook, preserving forever the story of the past while keeping the legacy of your family alive. 文章大意：科技帮助你寻根。60Why is it eas
35、ier for visitors to find their family histories in the History Center?A. More clerks are employed there. B. All of its documents are computerized. C. Facilities of the museum are restored. D. Workers are more creative than before.答案：B细节理解题。由第一段最后一句话可知。61Who sponsors the restoration of the American F
36、amily Immigration History Center?A. Families whose family histories are kept here.BNational Park Service in the United States.CLocal government and visitors to the Museum.DThe Statue of LibertyEllis Island Foundation, Inc.答案：D细节理解题。由第二段第一句话可知。62The word “kiosk” in the passage is most probably_.A. a
37、museum assistant B. an advertisement C. a selfservice device D. a receptionist答案：C猜测词义题。由第三段第一句话“.where you can enter ancestors names.”。可知，划线词意为“一种自助服务设施”。*15*15*结束阅读理解主旨大意Passage* (典型例题冈模拟卷) Thinking is something you choose to do as a fish chooses to live in water. To be human is to think. But thin
38、king may come naturally without your knowing how you do it. Thinking about thinking is the key to critical (判断性的) thinking. When you think critically, you take control of your thinking processes (过程). Otherwise, you might be controlled by the ideas of others. Indeed, critical thinking is at the hear
39、t of education. The word critical here has a special meaning. It does no mean taking one view against another view, as when someon, criticizes another person for doing something wrong. The na ture of critical thinking is thinking beyond the easily seen beyond the pictures on TV, the untrue reports i
40、n the news papers, and the faulty reasoning. Critical thinking is an attitude as much as an activity. I you are curious about life and desire to dig deeper into it, you are a critical thinker. If you find pleasure in deep thinkin about different ideas, characters, and facts, you are a critics thinke
41、r. Activities of the mind and higher-order reasoning ar processes of deep and careful consideration. They take time and do not go hand in hand with the fast speed in today world: fast foods, instant coffee, and self-developing film Have you are among the people who believe that speed is measure of i
42、ntelligence (智力), you may learn something ney from a story about Albert Einstein. The first time Banes Hoffman, a scientist, was to discuss his work with Albert Eir stein, Hoffman was too nervous to speak. But Einstein imme diately put Hoffman at easeby saying, Please go slowly, dont understand thin
43、gs quickly. ” 1. Critical thin king is important to us because if we do nt think critically_. A. it will be hard for us to think naturally and fast B. we might be controlled by other peoples ideas C. we will follow the ideas of others naturally D. we might be fooled by other peoples ideas 答案: B 指导；由
44、文章第一段中“When you think critically，you take control of your thinking processesOtherwise，you might becontrolled by the ideas of others”可知B正确。2. If you are a critical thinker, you will_. A. think deeply about different ideas B. trust the reports in die newspapers C. take one view against another viewD.
45、criticize other people for their mistakes 答案: A 指导：由文章第三段If you find pleasure indeep thinking about different ideas，characters，and facts，you are acriticaithinker，可知A正确。3. In the last paragraph, something new suggests that_. A. the smarter you are, the faster you do things B. the faster you do things
46、, the smarter you become C. speed can improve intelligenceD. intelligence is not decided by speed 答案: D 指导；由文章最后一句Please So slowlyIdont understand things quickly可知Something new暗示“that intelligence is not decided by speed”，所以D正确。4. What would be the best tide for the passage? A. Thinking and Critical Thinking B. Understanding Critical Thinking C. Thinking Natural and Human D. Thinking Fast Means Intelligence答案: B 指导：本文着重分析了批判性思考的含义，所以B项“Understanding Critical Thinking做文章的题目最恰当
