1、 2014高考英语阅读理解基础练习题（44）及答案阅读下列短文，按要求完成读写任务 (2009年全国卷)We have met the enemy，and he is ours.We bought him at a pet shop.When monkeypox，a disease usually found in the African rain forest，suddenly turns up in children in the American Midwest，its hard not to wonder if the disease that comes from foreign a
2、nimals is homing or on human beings.“Most of the infections we think of as human infections started in other animals，” says Morse，director of the Center for Public Health Preparedenss at Columbia University.Its not just that were going to where the animals are，were also bringing them closer to us.Po
3、pular foreign pets have brought a whole new disease to this country.A strange illness killed Isaksens pets，and she now thinks that keeping foreign pets is a bad idea.“I dont think its fair to have them as pets when we have such a limited knowledge of them”，says Isaken.“Laws allowing these animals to
4、 be brought in from deep forest areas without stricter control need changing，” says Peter Schantz.Monkeypox may be the wakeup_call.Researchers believe infected animals may infect their owners.We know very little about these new diseases.A new bug may be kind at first.But it may develop into somethin
5、g harmful.Monkeypox doesnt look a major infectious disease.But it is not impossible to pass the disease from person to person.根据短文，写一篇30词左右的摘要_.根据所读短文，选择正确答案1What dose the word “monkeypox” mean?Aa container to keep monkeys.Ba medicine for a monkey disease Can infectious diseaseDa popular foreign pet
6、 2.What does the phrase “the wakeup call” most probably means?Aa new diseaseBa clear warningCa dangerous animal Da morning call3What does the word “bug” mean?Aan infectious diseaseBa virusCa petDa disease in African forest4Why did Isaksen advise people not to have foreign pets?AThey attack human bei
7、ngs.BWe need to study native animals.CThey cant live out of the rain forest.DWe dont know much about them.5The text suggests that in the future we _.Amay have to fight against more new diseasesBmay easily get infected with diseases from dogsCshould not be allowed to have petsDshould stop buying pets
8、 from Africa参考答案【部分】The text tells us that keeping pets from foreign forest without necessary knowledge of the animals may be dangerous because they may bring some unknown infectious disease to harm our health.(31 words)【部分】1解析：词义猜测题。从a disease usually found in the African rain forest得知答案。答案：C2解析：词义
9、猜测题。从下文得知，受到感染的动物会将疾病传给它们的主人，导致疾病在人群中蔓延，所以monkeypox对于人们起到警示作用。答案：B3解析：词义猜测题。下文说到“bug”会发展为有害的东西，推知应是“病毒”之意。答案：B4解析：细节理解题。从I dont think its fair to have them as pets when we have such a limited knowledge of them得知答案。答案：D5解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知：人类将来会面临更多疾病的挑战。答案：AMany of us mistakenly believe that its wrong
10、 to think we have any good qualities. We may spend a lot of time blaming ourselves for our negative qualities, thinking that self criticism is the key to improving our performance. However, a constant focus on our supposed shortcomings can stop our efforts to make friends with other people. How can
11、we believe that others could like us if we believe our inner being is flawed（有缺陷）? If someone seems to dislike you, the reason for that dislike might have little or nothing to do with you. The person who doesnt like you might be fearful, or shallow, or busy or shy. Perhaps you and that person are si
12、mply a mismatch for each other at this particular time. Dont take yourself out of the game by deciding that your flaws are bigger than your good qualities. In fact, some of the very qualities you consider to be flaws may be irresistible to someone else. For all the factors that might cause one perso
13、n to reject you, there are at least as many factors that will work in your favor with someone else. You might be thirty pounds over your ideal weight, but you may have a wonderful laugh and a real enthusiasm for life. There are many people who dont mind your extra pounds. You may drive a shabby car,
14、 but you might be a great dancer and a loyal friend. There are people out there looking for loyalty, or fun, or sweetness, or wisdom, and the package it comes in is not important. If you are worried that you are not beautiful enough to attract friends, keep in mind that not everyone is looking for p
15、hysical beauty in their friends. You can decide to feel inferior（自卑） because you dont have much money and you dont drive a nice car. You can believe that this is the reason that you dont have many friends in your life. On the other hand, if you are very wealthy you may be suspicious that everyone is
16、 after your money and that nobody really likes you as a person. The point is that you can focus on just about anything and believe its the reason you do not have friends and cannot make any. 36. According to the author _ plays an important role in making friends.A. admitting your shortcomings B. sel
17、f criticism C. modesty D. confidence【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据a constant focus on our supposed shortcomings can stop our efforts to make friends with other people.既然我们强调我们的缺点有可能在交朋友方面成为绊脚石，那么我们就应该自信，故选D。37. If you are not liked by a person, _ .A. you should find the reason in yourselfB. youd better talk with
18、 the person face to faceC. you may not be the one to be blamedD. you and that person misunderstand each other【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据If someone seems to dislike you, the reason for that dislike might have little or nothing to do with you. The person who doesnt like you might be fearful, or shallow, or busy
19、 or shy.不喜欢你也许和你一点关系都没有，你也许不应该受到责备，故选C。38. We can learn from the third paragraph that _ .A. your good qualities may turn out to be your flawsB. your weakness may also be your strengths in some wayC. your negative qualities cause a person to reject youD. youll have few friends if your flaws are bigge
20、r than your good qualities【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据In fact, some of the very qualities you consider to be flaws may be irresistible to someone else.你的弱点也许是在某方面是你的强项，故选B。39. Which of the following is true according to the author?A. It is important to lose weight.B. It is easier for a wealthy person to make f
21、riends.C. Inner qualities are more important than physical appearance.D. If you are not beautiful enough, try to improve your physical beauty.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据If you are worried that you are not beautiful enough to attract friends, keep in mind that not everyone is looking for physical beauty in the
22、ir friends.内心的美比外在的美要重要的多，故选C。40. What do you think the author is most likely to suggest if he continues to write?A. How to find your good qualities.B. How to make friends.C. How to make self criticism.D. How to lose weight.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据The point is that you can focus on just about anything and
23、believe its the reason you do not have friends and cannot make any.既然找到了交不上朋友的原因，那么就应该找出自己的好的品质，下面就应该写如何找到自己好的品质，故选A。阅读理解专题训练(一)阅读中的猜词技巧(1)特别提醒：我们分6个单元介绍了阅读中猜测词义的常用方法。但是必须牢记，各种方法都是互相联系的，都离不开对上下文的正确理解，所谓词不离句、句不离篇讲的就是这个道理。在解题时，同学们应该综合运用各种方法，根据对语篇的理解，结合上下文，对生词或短语或句子的含义作出准确的、合乎逻辑的猜测。根据文章的综合信息推测词义 技巧点拨根据
24、文章的内在逻辑关系推测词义是指运用语言知识来分析和判断相关信息之间存在的逻辑关系，然后结合上下文，根据逻辑关系推断生词词义或大致意思。在解题时，我们可以利用上下文的线索、暗示信息或单词的作用和关系准确推测词义。如：(1)“My son has been in school for twelve years and he cannot write a sentence，” Tom shouted to the headmaster.“Youve made him an illiterate.”(2)One mistaken idea about business is that it can b
25、e treated as a game of perfect information.Quite_the_reverse，business，politics，life itself are games which we must normally play with imperfect information.(1) 依据信息“上学12年”、还“不会写一个句子”、“大喊大叫”，可知家长在指责校方，也就不难猜出illiterate意为“文盲”。 (2) 前句说“关于商业的一个错误观点是商业可以看做完美的信息游戏”，而后句说“商业、政治、生活本身是非常不完美的信息游戏”，由此推之quite the
26、 reverse的意思是“正好相反”。 活学活用(一)猜出下列句中划线单词的意思1Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to health.They also regard drinking as harmful.2The hotair balloon took off.It was buoyant in the air as a rose leaf in water.3The consequences of epochal events such as wars and great scientific discover
27、ies are not confined to a small geographical area as they were in the past.4The child is as fragile as glass.5He fell into a ditch and lay there，semiconscious，for a few minutes.(一)1解析：从also推知harmful与detrimental同义，意思是“不利的，有害的”。答案：有害的，不利的2解析：从as a rose leaf in water(水中的玫瑰花瓣)可知buoyant是形容词，意为“漂浮的”。答案：漂浮
28、的3解析：从wars and great scientific discoveries可知epochal的意思是 “重要的”。答案：重要的4解析：常识告诉我们“玻璃易碎”，此处用以描绘人，意思是“脆弱的”。答案：脆弱的5解析：他掉进沟里，躺在那几分钟，划线单词的意思是“半清醒的、半昏迷的”。答案：半昏迷的Sunny countries are often poor. A shame, then, that solar power is still quite expensive. Eight19, a British company by Cambridge University, has,
29、however, invented a novel way to get round this. In return for a deposit of around $10 it is supplying poor Kenyan families with a solar cell able to generate 2.5 watts of electricity, a battery that can deliver a three amp（安培） current to store this electricity, and a lamp whose bulb is a light-emit
30、ting diode（二极管）. The firm thinks that this system, once the battery is fully charged, is enough to light two small rooms and to power a mobile-phone charger for seven hours. Then, next day, it can be put outside and charged back up again.The trick is that, to be able to use the electricity, the syst
31、ems keeper must buy a scratch cardfor as little as a dollaron which is printed a reference number. The keeper sends this reference, plus the serial number of the household solar unit, by SMS to Eight19. The companys server will respond automatically with an access code to the unit.Users may consider
32、 that they are paying an hourly rate for their electricity. In fact, they are paying off the cost of the unit. After buying around $80 worth of scratch cardswhich Eight19 expects would take the average family around 18 monthsthe user will own it. He will then have the option of continuing to use it
33、for nothing, or of trading it in for a bigger one, perhaps driven by a 10-watt solar cell.In that case, he would go then through the same process again, paying off the additional cost of the upgraded kit at a slightly higher rate. Users would therefore increase their electricity supply steadily and
34、affordably. According to Eight19s figures, this looks like a good deal for customers. The firm believes the average energy-starved Kenyan spends around $10 a month on oilenough to fuel a couple of smoky lampsplus $2 on charging his mobile phone in the market-place. Regular users of one of Eight19s b
35、asic solar units will spend around half that, before owning it completely. Meanwhile, as the cost of solar technology falls, it should get even cheaper. 41. The underlined word “get round” in the first paragraph can be replaced by _ .A. make use of B. come up with C. look into D. deal with 【答案】D【解析】
36、词义猜测题。make use of利用； come up with想出； look into调查； deal with处理。根据solar power is still quite expensive及Eight19, a British company by Cambridge University, has, however, invented a novel way to因为太阳能仍然很贵，所以Eight19发明了一个新的方法来解决这个问题，故选D。 42. What should the user do when the electricity in the battery is us
37、ed up?A. Buy a scratch card. B. Recharge it outside.C. Buy another solar cell.D. Return it to the company.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句Then, next day, it can be put outside and charged back up again.可知没有电了，你可以把它放在外面重新充电，故选A。43. How much would users pay for the cell and scratch cards before they own a 2
38、.5-watt solar cell?A. Around $10. B. Around $80. C. Around $90. D. Around $180.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章1,3段After buying around $80 worth of scratch cardswhich Eight19 expects would take the average family around 18 monthsthe user will own it. 和In return for a deposit of around $10 it is supplying poor Ke
39、nyan families with a solar cell able to generate 2.5 watts of electricity可知在你拥有这些之前，你要花费90元。故选C。44. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _.A. Kenyan families would find it difficult to afford the solar cellB. using the solar cell would help Kenyan families save money C. few Kenyan familie
40、s use mobile phones for lack of electricityD. the company will make a great profit from selling solar cells 【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段The firm believes the average energy-starved Kenyan spends around $10 a month on oilenough to fuel a couple of smoky lampsplus $2 on charging his mobile phone in the mar
41、ket-place. Regular users of one of Eight19s basic solar units will spend around half that, before owning it completely. Meanwhile, as the cost of solar technology falls, it should get even cheaper.可知这样做会让太阳能的成本降低，会给肯尼亚的人来到好处。故选B。45. What might be the most suitable title for the passage?A. Solar Energy: Starting from Scratch.B. Eight19: a creative British Company.C. Kenyan Families: Using Solar Energy for Free.D. Poor Countries: Beginning to Use Solar Energy.【答案】A【解析】标题归纳题。根据文章主题段第一段内容可知本文讲述的是Eight19,这家英国的公司所采用的使用太阳能的一种新的方法，故选A。
