1、2014高考英语阅读理解二轮限时训练精品题（8）及答案阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。One of our biggest fears nowadays is that our kids might some day get lost in a “sea of technology” rather than experiencing the natural world. TV and computer games are leading to a serious disconnect between kids and the great ou
2、tdoors, which will change the wild places of the world, its creatures and human health for the worse, unless adults get working on childs play.Each of us has a place in nature we go sometimes, even if it was torn down. We cannot be the last generation to have that place. At this rate, kids who miss
3、the sense of wondering outdoors will not grow up to be protectors of natural landscapes. “If the decline in parks use continues across North America, who will defend parks against encroachment (蚕食)?” asks Richard Louv, author of Last Child in the Woods.Without having a nature experience, kids, can t
4、urn out just fine, but they are missing out a huge enrichment of their lives. That applies to everything from their physical health and mental health, to stress levels, creativity and cognitive (认知的) skills. Experts predict modern kids will have poorer health than their parentsand they say a lack of
5、 outside play is surely part of it. Research suggests that kids do better academically in schools with a nature component and that playing in nature fosters (培养) leadership by the smartest, not by the toughest. Even a tiny outdoor experience can create wonder in a child. The three-year-old turning o
6、ver his first rock realizes he is not alone in the world. A clump of trees on the roadside can be the whole universe in his eyes. We really need to value that more.Kids are not to blame. They are overprotected and frightened. It is dangerous out there from time to time, but repetitive stress from co
7、mputers is replacing breaking an arm as a childhood rite of passage (仪式).Everyone, from developers to schools and outdoorsy citizens, should help regain for our kids some of the freedom and joy of exploring, taking friendship in fields and woods that cement (增强) love, respect and need for landscape.
8、 As parents, we should devote some of our energies to taking our kids into nature. This could yet be our greatest cause.41. The main idea of Paragraph 2 is that _.A. kids missing the sense of wondering outdoorsB. parks are in danger of being gradually encroached C. Richard Louv is the author of Last
9、 Child in the WoodsD. children are expected to develop into protectors of nature 【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。根据由于科学技术的进步有些孩子在家玩电脑看电视很少出去接近大自然，不知道要保护大自然，所以本段的大意是孩子被盼望发展成大自然的保护着，故选D。42. According to the passage, children without experiencing nature will _.A. keep a high sense of wonderB. be overprotected by their
10、 parents C. be less healthy both physically and mentally D. change wild places and creatures for the better 【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据Without having a nature experience, kids, can turn out just fine, but they are missing out a huge enrichment of their lives. That applies to everything from their physical hea
11、lth and mental health, to stress levels, creativity and cognitive (认知的) skills.没有经历大自然体验的人在身体和精神方面都不是很健康，故选C。43. According to the author, childrens breaking an arm is _.A. the fault on the part of their parentsB. the natural experience in their growing up C. the result of their own carelessness in p
12、lay D. the effect of their repetitive stress from computers 【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据repetitive stress from computers is replacing breaking an arm as a childhood rite of passage (仪式).孩子们断一个胳膊就是他们在成长中的自然的经历，故选B。44. What does “sea of technology” mean in the first paragraph?A. The technology of TV and computer
13、 games.B. The technology of food.C. The technology of sea food.D. The technology of catching animals in the sea.【答案】A 【解析】词义猜测题。根据TV and computer games are leading to a serious disconnect between kids and the great outdoors,可以推知这里指的是电视和电脑，故选A。 45. In writing this passage, the author mainly intends t
14、o _.A. blame children for getting lost in computer games B. encourage children to protect parks from encroachment C. show his concern about childrens lack of experience in nature D. inspire children to keep the sense of wonder about things around【答案】C【解析】作者意图题。根据由于科技的影响孩子去户外的时间减少，缺乏对大自然的体验，同时展示了作者对于
15、孩子们的关心，故选C。阅读理解课堂练学案（14）Passage Fourteen (Pageants)Pageants are usually conceived on a fairly large scale, often under the auspices of some local or civic authority or at any rate in connection with local groups of some kind. This sometimes means that there is an allocation of funds available for th
16、e purpose of mounting the production, though unfortunately this will usually be found to be on the meager side and much ingenuity will have to be used to stretch it so that all performers can be adequately clothed.Most pageants have a historical flavour as they usually come about through the celebra
17、tion of the anniversary of some event of historic importance, or the life or death of some local worthy. Research among archives and books in the public library will probably prove very useful and produce some workable ideas which will give the production an especially local flavour. From the first
18、economy will have to be practiced because there are usually a great number of people to dress. Leading characters can be considered individually in the same way as when designing for a play; but the main body of the performers will need to be planned in groups and the massed effect must be always bo
19、rne in mind.Many pageants take place in daylight in the open air. This is an entirely different problem from designing costumes which are going to be looked at under artificial lighting; for one thing, scenes viewed in the daylight are subject to many more distractions. No longer is everything aroun
20、d cut out by the surrounding darkness, but instead it is very easy to be aware of disturbing movement in the audience of behind the performers. Very theatrically conceived clothes do not always look their best when seen in a daylight setting of trees, verdant lawns and old ivy-covered walls; the sam
21、e goes for costumes being worn in front of the mellow colors of stately homes. The location needs to be studied and then a decision can be made as to what kinds of colors and textures will harmonize best with the surroundings and conditions and then to carry this out as far as possible on the funds
22、available.If money is available to dress the performers without recourse to their own help in the provision of items, it is best to arrange for all the cutting and pinning together of the costumes to be done by one or two experienced people than to be given out to the groups and individuals for comp
23、letion. When there is little or no money at all, the garments need to be reduced to the basic necessities. Cloaks and shawls become invaluable, sheets and large bath towels and bath sheets are admirable for draping. Unwanted curtains and bed spreads can be cut to make tunics, robes and skirts. These
24、 are particularly valuable if they are of heavy fabrics such as velvet or chenille.Colors should be massed together so that there are contrasting groups of dark and light, this will be found to help the visual result substantially. Crowds of people gathered together in a jumble of colors will be gro
25、und to look quite purposeless and will lack dramatic impact.The use of numbers of identical head-dresses, however simply made, are always effective when working with groups. If these are made of cardboard and painted boldly the cost can be almost negligible. Helmets, hats and plumes will all make qu
26、ite a show even if the costumes are only blandest or sheets cleverly draped. The same can be said of the use of banners, shields and poles with stiff pennants and garlandsanything which will help to have a unifying effect. Any kind of eye-catching device will always go with a flourish and add excite
27、ment to the scenes.1. The main idea of this passage isA. Pageants. . Costumes on the stage.C. Costumes for pageants. D. How to arrange a pageant.2. It can be inferred that the most important factor in costume design is A. money. . color. C. harmony D. texture3. Why will much ingenuity have to be req
28、uired in costume design?A. Because pageants take place in daylight in the open air. Because different characters require different costumes.C. Because the colors and textures must be in harmony with the setting.D. Because an allocation of the funds available is usually rather small.4. Why do most pa
29、geants have a historical flavour?A. Because most pageants take place for celebration. Many pageants take place for amusement.C. A lot of pageants take place for religion.D. Because pageants usually take place for competition.Vocabulary1. conceive 设想，想象 to be conceived 设想好的，构思好的2. under the auspices
30、of 在的主办下3. meager 贫乏的，不足的4. mount 登上，制作，上演5. flavour 风味，风格，情趣6. archive(s) 档案（馆）7. distraction 使人分心的事8. ivy 常春藤9. mellow 柔和的10. recourse (to) 依赖，求助于 11. drape 覆盖，披上12. invaluable 无价的，非常贵重的13. tunic （古时）长达膝盖的外衣，穿在盔甲上的战袍14. chenille 绳绒绒（织品）15. jumble 混乱，搞乱16. pennant 细长三角旗17. garland 花环，花冠难句译注1. This
31、sometimes means that there is an allocation of funds available for the purpose of mounting the production, though unfortunately this will usually be found to be on the meager side and much ingenuity will have to be used to stretch it so that all performers can be adequately clothed.结构简析 复合结构。That是主句
32、的宾语从句，从句后再有从句。参考译文 这种情况，有时就表示有一个可用于演出目的资金配额。遗憾的是配额一般都少而不足，就得动用非常之才能细细的使用金额，使所有的演员都能穿上合适的戏装。2. Most pageants have a historical flavour as they usually come about through the celebration of the anniversary of some event of historic importance, or the life or death of some local worthy.结构简析 主从句参考译文 大多数
33、露天演出都带有历史情调，因为这些戏一般是通过庆祝某个重大的历史事件，或庆祝当地某个值得纪念的人诞辰或逝世周年而产生的。3. This is an entirely different problem from designing costumes which are going to be looked at under artificial lighting; for one thing, scenes viewed in the daylight are subject to many more distractions. No longer is everything around cu
34、t out by the surrounding darkness, but instead it is very easy to be aware of disturbing movement in the audience of behind the performers.结构简析 复合结构：主句this is后有定语从句，which修饰costumes。从句中又套从句。参考译文 这和人为灯光下看的设计服装完全不一样。首先，白天看到幕景易于受许多因素影响，不再能用一片漆黑的环境把周围的一切隔开，而是相反，演员后和观众中有点纷乱的动作，很容易看到。4. Very theatrically c
35、onceived clothes do not always look their best when seen in a daylight setting of trees, verdant lawns and old ivy-covered walls; the same goes for costumes being worn in front of the mellow colors of stately homes.结构简析 并列句，中用分号隔开。第一句中有when seen 连词+过去分词，实质起从句作用。第二句是主从句。参考译文 设计出的非常具有戏剧性效果的服装，在光天化日，有树
36、木，有绿茵茵的草地，又有爬满常春藤的古老围墙的背景下，经常看起来是不起眼：在堂皇的住宅四周一片和色调前，所穿的服装效果同样不太好。5. If money is available to dress the performers without recourse to their own help in the provision of items, it is best to arrange for all the cutting and pinning together of the costumes to be done by one or two experienced people t
37、han to be given out to the groups and individuals for completion.结构简析 条件句，主句为逻辑主句，注意中间两个被动不定式。To be done by, than to be given out, 这里的than起连词作用。参考译文 如果有钱可以为演员着装而不用求助自己供应种种物件，那么最好把所有的戏装的裁减和缝制交给一，两个有经验人去干，而不是让群体演员和单个演员去完成。写作方法与文章大意文章论述露天演出的服装问题，由于露天演出不同于室内，剧院内演出，要从各个方面考虑服装问题，才能获得应有的舞台效果。作者从资金多少，地方色彩，露
38、天，白天，颜色搭配等方面来论述服装。写法多种，有因果，对比，举例等。答案祥解1. C. 露天演出的服装。第一段末尾已经点明，“一般认为露天演出规模宏大，常常是由某个地方或当局（民政局主办赞助），或总是和某个地方集团有关。这意味着有用于演出目的资金配额，遗憾的是配额一般很少，必须动用非常的才能，细细的使用资金，所有演员才能窗上恰当的服装。”其他各段各有重点，但都是服务于剧装这一中心。A. 露天演出。 B. 舞台剧装（包括剧场）。 D. 如何安排露天演出；涉及面或大或小，不适合。2. C. 和谐。服装设计中最重要的因素是和谐。这一点在几段中都提到，第二段最后一句“演员的主题必须以群体设计，头脑中必
39、须经常记住群体效果。”第三段最后一句“必须研究演出的地理位置，决出什么样的颜色和织物，能和环境，条件，达到最完美和谐。”第五段专讲颜色搭配，“应当从总体考虑颜色，这样才有亮和暗的群体对比，帮助产生实感的视觉效果，一群穿着杂七杂八颜色服装的演员聚集在一起看起来乱哄哄。缺乏戏剧效果。”这也是和谐之要求。A. 钱。钱要考虑。出前两段外，第三段最后一句，讲完和谐后，也提到“尽可能以能到手的资金加以实现这决定。”第四段中“在钱很少或是没有钱的情况下，服装得降到基本需要”，下面就讲利用被单，浴巾，窗帘做服装，所以钱在服装设计中很重要，但不能列为最重要因素，有钱没有钱都得以服装协调为主。 B. 颜色。D.
40、织品。同样都的服从和谐这一前提。3. D. 因为能得到资金的配额都很少。第一段最后一句话，见第一题译注。A. 因为在光天化日下演出。 B. 因为不同演员要求不同服装。 C. 颜色和织物必须和布景谐调。这些只是考虑的因素。见上面译文。4. A. 因为大多数露天演出都是为纪念庆祝。第二段第一句“露天演出一般都是某个具有历史意义事件，或者当地某个值得纪念的人物的诞辰和逝世周年，所以大多数露天演出都具有历史纪念色彩。”B. 许多露天演出是为了娱乐。 C. 许多露天演出是为了宗教。 D. 因为露天演出一般是参与竞赛。三项都不对。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该
41、项涂黑。 When 7-year-old Warren Buffett said,“I will be the richest man one day,” his friends made fun of his “daydreaming”. But ever since then the little boy has set about learning how to make money by selling drinks, delivering newspapers and buying stocks. The American had already earned $9,000 (equ
42、al to $90,000 today) by the time he graduated from high school. And this month the 78-year-old man, who earned his fortune by making a lot of sound investment in the stock market, took the place of Microsoft founder, Bill Gates, as the worlds richest man. Gates worth declined $1.5 billion to $55.5 b
43、illion in 33 days after the recent financial storm, according to Forbes Magazine. Buffett, the only son of a stockbroker, was ready to think outside the box to develop his business from a very early age. At 8, he went to golf courses collecting and selling the used balls. At 11 when he sold soda pop
44、 door-to-door with a friend, the pair collected lids on streets to judge which flavor was the most popular. As a paper boy during high school, Buffett delivered two competitor papers, so that even when customers canceled one of the subscriptions, he could still make a profit from the other. With his
45、 paper delivery savings, Buffett bought 162,000 square meters of farmland and collected rent. Young Buffett stepped into the stock market at 11 but earned only $5. The experience taught him one of the virtues in investing, patience. After graduating from university, Buffett started his venture with
46、stocks with his childhood earnings and money from friends. He researched the stocks and just bought those of solid companies that were undervalued and inexpensive at the time. By sticking to companies such as American Express and Coca-Cola, Buffett has become rich. “Learning is important to Buffetts
47、 success. He is a learning machine who can spend his entire day reading. He keeps learning from books, street smarts and investigation, from both success and failure. In this way, he over-achieved his aptitude (能力).” said Charlie Munger, his longtime business partner. 16. The passage is mainly about
48、 _.A. why Buffett took the place of Bill Gates as the worlds richest manB. what effect Buffetts childhood experiences had on his successC. how Buffett earned his fortune and achieved his aptitudeD. what Buffett dreamt about when he was a child【答案】C 【解析】主旨大意题。根据本文的几个段落分别介绍了巴菲特一生中几个阶段挣钱、创业的例子。因此可判断C为正
49、确答案。而其他三项的内容只是文中所提到的一个方面。故选C。17. Which of the following is true about Buffett?A. His worth is more than $ 55.5 billion now. B. He is next to Bill Gates in wealth at the present time.C He achieved great success on stepping into the stock market.D He bought 162,000 square meters of farmland by selling
50、 soda pop.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Gates worth declined $1.5 billion to $55.5 billion in 33 days after the recent financial storm, according to Forbes Magazine.”可以确定答案。他的价值是555亿美元，故选A。18. How did Buffett behave at the stock market?A. He often prefers some inexpensive stocks.B. He will buy the stock wh
51、ose price is lower than its value.C. He always borrows money from his friends to buy stocks.D. He will sell the stock if its price doesnt go up.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“He researched the stocks and just bought those of solid companies that were undervalued and inexpensive at the time.”可以确定答案，他将买股票的价格低
52、于它的价值，故选B。19. Which is the main factor that determines Buffetts success?A. His education. B. His family background.C. His desire to learn. D. His cooperation with his partner.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据“Learning is important to Buffetts success.学习是他成功的主要因素，故选C。20. What can we infer from the passage?A. Buffett is an immediate success in the stock market.B. Buffett and Gates are business partners.C. His father helped him a lot in his business.D. Buffett has a good sense of business.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后 一段他的生意合伙人对他的评价以及上文对他的介绍，他有一个很好的经商意识，故选D。
