1、Period ThreeGrammar & Writing语法感知用适当的关系词填空1His mother，who loves him very much，is strict with him.2Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play，which of course，made the others unhappy.3Next month，when I will be in my hometown，is drawing near.4By serving others，a person focuses on someon
2、e other than himself or herself，which can be very eyeopening and rewarding.5Some preschool children go to a day care centre，where they learn simple games and songs.语法精析一、定语从句的分类1限制性定语从句限制性定语从句与先行词关系密切，从句是整个句子不可缺少的部分，从句与主句之间不用逗号隔开。如果去掉它，句子意思就不完整或不明确。译成汉语时，一般先译定语从句，再译先行词。引导限制性定语从句的关系词有：who，whom，that，w
3、hich，as，whose，when，where，why。其位置一般紧跟在先行词之后，如果先行词后再跟介词短语作定语时，定语从句置于后面。I saw a book on the desk whose cover is yellow.我看见了书桌上一本封面是黄色的书。 I dont like people who always think of themselves.我不喜欢那些总是为他们自己着想的人。2非限制性定语从句非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用，缺少也不会影响全句的理解，在非限定性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开，如将非限定性定语从句放在句子中间，前后都需要用逗号隔开。常见的引导词有：who，
4、whom，which，as，whose，when，where注意：that，why 不用来引导非限制性定语从句。The sun，which rises in the east，gives us heat and light.太阳从东方升起，带给我们光和热。题组训练1(1)This is the house (which/that) we bought last month(我们上个月买的)(2)The house，which we bought last month(我们上个月买的)，is very nice. 二、定语从句应注意的问题1关系代词as和which 两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，
5、有时可以互换，但两者用法上有许多区别，如下： as引导的从句表示说话人的看法、态度、解释或评论。常作实义动词(如see，know，hear，watch，remember，say，tell，show，expect，guess等)的宾语，这类动词与as几乎成了一种固定搭配。as引导的非限制性定语从句可以置于主句之前、之中或之后；which引导的非限制性定语从句不能置于句首。As is often the case，little boys tend to be very active and out of control.小男孩总是很活泼好动，很难控制，这是常见的情况。Einstein，as we
6、know，is a famous scientist.众所周知，爱因斯坦是一位著名的科学家。There was a net bar around here，as I remember.我记得过去这儿附近有一家网吧。在such.as.，the same.as.，as.as.，as many/much as.等结构中，as不能用which代替。 I live in the same building as he (does)我和他住在同一座大楼里。 He knows as many people as are present at the meeting.他认识所有到会的人。 which引导的从句
7、对主句所叙述的事进行补充说明，表明事物的状态或结果。The young man cheated his friend of much money，which was disgraceful.那个年轻人诈骗了他朋友许多钱财，这是不光彩的。(不用as) 在从句中作定语或介词的宾语时，要用which。He was educated at the local grammar school，after which he went on to Cambridge.他在当地文法学校上学，之后去了剑桥。Lily might possibly come，in which case Ill ask her.莉莉可
8、能会来，要是那样的话我就去问她。不能省去非限制性定语从句中的be动词时，用which，反之则用as。Jane told me she won the match，which was a lie.简告诉我说她赢了这场比赛，这是一个谎言。(was不可省略)As (was) planned，we met at the airport.按照计划，我们在机场相见。 2.大多数关系代词和关系副词均可引导限制性和非限制性定语从句，但that 一般不用来引导非限制性定语从句。误： Fang passed her exam，that surprised me a great deal.正： Fang passe
9、d her exam，which surprised me a great deal.3关系代词的省略情况不同，关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可以省略，而在非限制性定语从句中，所有的关系词均不可省略。This is the pen (which/that) I bought yesterday.这是我昨天买的笔。The pen，which I bought yesterday，has been given to my friend.我昨天买的笔已经送给我的朋友了。题组训练2用适当的关系词填空 (1)Such points as youve mentioned are really impo
10、rtant in solving the problem.(2)We have reached a stage where we have almost no rights.(3)He seems not to have grasped what I meant，which greatly upsets me.(4)Liquid water changes to vapor，which is called evaporation.(5)The boys who/that are playing football are from Class One.(6)They visited Hangzh
11、ou，after which they went to Guilin.高考链接.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1It is a truly delightful place，which looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.(2015湖南)2The books on the desk，whose covers are shiny，are prizes for us.(2015四川)3He wrote many childrens books，n
12、early half of which were published in the 1990s.(2015重庆)4Opposite is St.Pauls Church，where you can hear some lovely music.(2015北京)5The number of smokers，as is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.(2015江苏)6I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week，which my classmat
13、es recommended to me.(2014北京)7Until now，we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children，which is quite unexpected.(2014四川)8I didnt become a serious climber until the fifth grade，when I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.(2014浙江).单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1Having tea in the lat
14、e afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner， might not be served until 8 oclock at night.(2013新课标全国，短文改错)2There，Katia will introduce me to some of her friends，one of has been to China several times.(2011重庆，短文改错)3It turned out to be her own cup， shed left on the shelf by mistake.(2010陕西，短文
15、改错)4One day I saw a secondhand bicycle， was only one hundred yuan.(2009辽宁，短文改错)写作指导一般格式：英文书信的构成可分为6个部分：信头(Heading)收信人姓名及地址(Inside Name and Address)称呼(Salutation)正文(Body of the Letter)结束语(Complimentary Close)署名(Signature)1信头(Heading)信头是指发信人的单位名称或地址以及日期。格式如下：256 West Nanjing StreetNanchang，Jiangxi Pro
16、vinceChina Sep.3rd,2000注意：写地址的次序与中文不同，应先写门牌号码街道，然后城市和国名。日期的几种写法：aJuly 7,1998b1st October,1998c30 Nov.,1997 dSep.3rd,1999特别注意英文书信日期应紧跟着写信人地址下一行，不能像写中文书信那样写在书信签名之后，这是很多学生的常见错误。2收信人姓名及地址(Inside Name and Address)写信人的地址和日期写好以后，接着就要写收信人的姓名和地址，这一项写在日期下一行的左上角。收信人姓名写一行，收信人地址可分两行或三行写，和写信人的地址一样，上下可取齐，也可向右缩进。在姓
17、名前一般要加上称号，称号因人而异。格式如下：66 Smith Street ManchesterEngland 27th May,1999Mr.Jee Green West Tenth Street HawaiiUS.A.3.称呼(Salutation)称呼指的是信文开头的那种称呼，如Dear，Mr.，Uncle，各种称呼因人而异。在称呼后面一般是用逗号，但也有用冒号的。4正文(Body of the Letter)正文是信件的主体部分，也就是信的内容。正文应在称呼下两行开始。信的开头第一个字母通常和称呼开头第一个词平齐，也有往后退四个或八个字的。5结束语(Complimentary Clos
18、e)结束语的一般写法如下：Yours truly，Truly yours，Sincerely yours，Yours sincerely，6署名(Signature)下面是署名的例子：Yours truly，WJ.Watson常用句式1Thanks for your letter.2I am writing to express my thanks for.3In this letter，I will tell you something about.4I would like to take this opportunity to express my apology to you.5I a
19、m writing to invite you to.6I wonder if you like to.7I hope you can make it.8I am looking forward to hearing from you.9Please let me know if you.10How do you think about.?典例展示请先阅读下面的信件：Dear Li Hua，I feel very happy to read your letter and really appreciate your English.Congratulations to you.Your En
20、glish has really improved a lot.Oh，I have some good news to tell you.Ive got a good chance to practice my Chinese as an exchange student to China.So，here Id like to ask you for help.I want to know which school is the best one for me to attend in China.Tell me，and then I will try to make contact with
21、 it.Looking forward to your early reply and hope to meet you in China soon.Yours truly，Mary假设你是李华，请你根据下列要点，用英文给玛丽回一封信，建议她来你所在的学校。理由是：1你校每年都接纳交换生；2学校条件好，各种设施一流，有图书馆，电子阅览室；3课外活动丰富多彩；4你校学生英语水平好，易于交流；5特别是老师好，教学生动有趣。注意：可根据要求加以发挥，但不要逐字翻译。参考词汇：设施facility；电子阅览室electroreading room完成范文Dear Mary，Nice to read y
22、our letter today.Its very kind of you to give me encouragement；I thank you for your help 1.I owe a lot to you for your help(高级词汇替换)As to which school is the best one for you to stay，I should recommend my school 2.stay后面加in(改错)The following are the reasons.First，exchange students are welcomed in my s
23、chool；besides，we have firstclass facilities: the labs，modern libraries and electroreading rooms are accessible to all our students，which offer us places to broaden our views 3.offering us places to broaden our views(改为分词结构) while on the sports grounds and in gymnasiums we surely can get much fun and
24、 make many friends.After class we have various activities and they provide us with opportunities to improve ourselves 4.After class we have various activities which provide us with opportunities to improve ourselves(改为复合句)And it is the most important that we have the best teachers as well as the bes
25、t schoolmates 5.And the most important is that we have the best teachers as well as the best schoolmates(改为表语从句)The teachers are kind and ready to offer help.In their unique ways of teaching，they often make their class lively and interesting.We students are encouraged to speak English both in and ou
26、t of class，thus I believe that you will find it not difficult to communicate with us 6.thus I do believe that you wont have any difficulty in communicating with us(强调谓语并改写句子)Isnt the information above enough for you to make a decision? If you come to my school，I think I can serve as a good link betw
27、een you and other students as well as the teachers.Hope youll like my school.Yours，Li Hua.用适当的关系词填空1My father，who gave a talk at the meeting just now，will fly to Shanghai tomorrow. 2Beijing University，which is a top university in China，attracts excellent students from home and abroad.3As is known to
28、 all，taking weightloss pills is harmful to health.4There are 57 students in my class，one third of whom are girls.5Last Sunday they went to Nanjing，where a conference was to be held.用非限制性定语从句连接句子6Her house stood still in the earthquake.It was built a hundred years ago.Her house，which was built a hund
29、red years ago，stood still in the earthquake.7It is the third time that she has won the race.It has surprised us all.It is the third time that she has won the race，which has surprised us all.8Mr.King was quickly taken to hospital.His legs were badly hurt.Mr.King，whose legs were badly hurt，was quickly
30、 taken to hospital.9We will put off the outing until next week.At that time we wont be so busy.We will put off the outing until next week，when we wont be so busy.10He is a man of great experience.Much can be learned from him.He is a man of great experience，from whom much can be learned.阅读理解ATo see t
31、he world is one thing；to have someone to share it with is another.Indeed，travel becomes more interesting when you have a travel partner.A travel partner can be a close friend，a family member，a pal youve met online，or a business friend.You can have someone to talk toTraveling alone is fun，but wouldnt
32、 you feel lonely？Having a travel partner can remove the feeling of loneliness.This is especially true if you can get a travel companion who is very familiar with the place youre traveling to.You dont have to ask any information from the locals，and you can increase the time you spend in the country.
33、One of the major headaches in traveling is the costs involved.You cant simply ignore the rising price of hotels or plane tickets.You should also think about your daily needs，such as your food.Of course，you cant simply go back without bringing any souvenirs(纪念品) to your friends and family.All these c
34、an ruin your budget.However，when you have a travel friend，you can have someone to share the expenses with.You can meet a good friendHaving a travel mate is a good way of meeting a new friend or even a lifelong partner.You can never count the number of couples who actually found their way into each o
35、thers heart while traveling together in another country.You can have someone to watch out for youWhen youre in a foreign land，youll never be really safe.You dont know the rules as well as the culture of the people.A travel mate will be perfect to remind you of your duties in the country and to watch
36、 your back just in case you get lost.So why dont you find a travel companion now?Lets find out how.11Whats the authors purpose in writing this passage?ATo introduce a travel company.BTo encourage us to have a travel partner.CTo explain how to be a perfect travel partner.DTo tell an interesting exper
37、ience with a travel partner.答案B解析写作意图题。本文介绍了旅伴带来的好处，鼓励大家找旅伴。12Whats the best title for the 3rd paragraph?AYou can have someone to share the expenses withBYou can know the local culture wellCYou can enjoy food with your partnerDYou can save money by bargaining together答案A解析段落大意题。本段主要告诉我们旅伴可以分担花销。13Wh
38、ich of the following statements agrees with the authors opinion?ATraveling alone is not fun.BBuying souvenirs isnt necessary.CMany people fall in love when traveling.DIts better to choose a stranger as a travel partner.答案C解析细节理解题。根据“You can meet a good friend”中的“You can never count the number of cou
39、ples who actually found their way into each others heart while traveling together in another country.”可知答案。14The following paragraph will probably talk about .Ahow to get along with a travel partnerBhow travel can benefit peopleCwhat we can learn from travelDhow to find a travel partner答案D解析推理判断题。根据
40、文章最后两句“So why dont you find a travel companion now？Lets find out how.”可推知接下来要讲如何找旅伴。BI once lived in a small village in China.Later when my family moved to America，we not only brought our luggage，but also our village rules，customs and culture.One of the rules brought is that young people should alwa
41、ys respect elders.Unluckily，this rule led to my very first embarrassment in the United States.One day an old couple come to the restaurant where I worked.The wife asked me how the food could be served so quickly.I told her that I had made sure they got their food quickly because I always respect the
42、 elderly.As soon as I said that，her face showed a bit anger.My manager，who happened to hear what I said，took me aside and told me a lot about how Americans dislike the word “elder”I then walked back to the table and apologized to the wife.People are always proud of being old in my village.Not so man
43、y people live to be seventy or eighty，and people who reach such an age have the most knowledge and experience.Young people always respect older people because they know they can learn from their rich experience.In the United States many people try to keep themselves away from growing old by doing ex
44、ercise or jogging，and women put on makeup，hoping to look young，because they think “growing old” is a problem since “old” shows that a person is going to retire or that the body is not working well.After that，I changed the way I had been with older people.It is not that I dont respect them any more；I
45、 still respect them，but now I dont show my feelings through words.15The writer apologize to the wife because .Athe manager asked him to do soBhe served the elderly slowlyCthe couple wanted him to do soDthe couple didnt like being called “elder”答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“My manager，who happened to hear wh
46、at I said，took me aside and told me a lot about how Americans dislike the word elder”可知答案。16In the writer s hometown， .Apeople dislike being called “old”Bpeople are proud of being oldCmany people reach the age of seventy or eightyDthe elderly are the first to get food in restaurants答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段第
47、一句“People are always proud of being old in my village.”可知答案。17According to Paragraph 4，people .Adislike being growing oldBlike doing exerciseChave to retire at an early ageDare always put on makeup答案A解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“.because they think growing old is a problem sinceold shows that a person is going t
48、o retire or that the body is not working well.”可知答案。18After this experience，the writer .Alost his job in the restaurantBmade friends with the coupleCno longer respected the elderlyDchanged his way with older people答案D解析细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“After that，I changed the way I had been with older people.”可知答案。.
49、语法填空 “Finally，no more exams.” Its a common feeling among high school graduates who have just completed the college entrance examination.What a 19.relief (relieve)! However，rather than fill the next three months 20.with sleeping，eating，and watching TV，some students have started working on finding a g
50、ood choice of foreign college.Different from those who begin their applications for foreign colleges in Senior 2，Li made a late decision on a US education.She began to think about it in Senior 3，but decided not 21.to give(give) up the college entrance exam.Lis classmate Mao Bingxin is considering st
51、udying in Canada after the top exam.She began a TOEFL course on June 11.He Wei,22.an 18yearold girl who studies at Shenzhen Baoan High School，isnt allowing herself much freedom this summer vacation either,23.devoting (devote) her time to looking for a language school 24.where she can study French an
52、d some overseas study consulting agencies.He Wei considers 25.it worthwhile to spend the summer preparing for college rather than hanging out with friends.“Although we dont really know 26.what the future will be like，we are sure that only when we make 27.better (good) preparations for it will we 28.
53、be offered (offer) more chances.” she said.短文改错Most of us are fond in traveling，because traveling can bring us a lot of benefits.By traveling they can enjoy the beautiful scenery in different place.We will visit much famous places and taste different delicious foods.Traveling abroad is especially gr
54、eat experience for those who does not have the opportunity to be away from their homeland.We will meet different people and see strangely things when we traveled.It will be not only help us know about customs of other people，but also will help us gain knowledge of the places we visit.In this way，we
55、can understand what differently other people live and arouse our deep love for our motherland.答案Most of us are fond traveling，because traveling can bring us a lot of benefits.By traveling can enjoy the beautiful scenery in different .We will visit famous places and taste different delicious foods.Tr
56、aveling abroad is especially great experience for those who not have the opportunity to be away from their homeland.We will meet different people and see things when we .It will be not only help us know about customs of other people，but also will help us gain knowledge of the places we visit.In this
57、 way，we can understand differently other people live and arouse our deep love for our motherland.书面表达假如你叫李明，学习成绩优异，家境贫困，无力承担你进入大学学习的费用。但你却有幸成为某慈善机构的资助对象。现在，你已被一所重点大学录取，请你给该慈善机构的负责人王女士写一封感谢信。信的内容包括：1目前的生活和学习情况；2大学毕业后的人生方向；3表达感激之情。注意：1.应包括以上要点，可适当发挥；2词数100左右；3信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Ms. Wang，Im Li Ming
58、.Two years ago，I received your letter and schooling fees.Im very grateful for your kindness and generosity. Yours sincerely，Li Ming参考范文Dear Ms. Wang，Im Li Ming.Two years ago，I received your letter and schooling fees.Im very grateful for your kindness and generosity.But for your help，I couldnt enjoy
59、a wonderful college life in the beautiful campus right now.Ive made a lot of friends here.Moreover，I am studying hard so as to acquire an abundant knowledge of English，which is my major.In fact，Im making progress each day.Only in this way can I learn more and use what Ive known to help those in need as well.Besides，Im determined to go back to my hometown after graduation and devote myself to building my hometown to make it more prosperous and beautiful.Words seem to fail me when I try once more to express my thanks to you，and Ill keep my promise and not let you down.Yours sincerely，Li Ming
