1、 MODULE 6 Animals in Danger Section B GRAMMAR 复习定语从句要点一 定语从句的两种类型（1）限制性定语从句对先行词起限定作用，不可省略，否则原句意思不完整。（2）非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明作用，去掉后原句意思仍然完整。误区警示非限制性定语从句与主句之间常用逗号分开，并且不能加入 and，but，so 等连接词。并列句一般由 and，but，so 等词连接，中间可加逗号。题组练领悟方法 单元语法 单句写作（1）He suddenly fell ill，_ _ _（这阻止了他）from going to school.（2）Where is th
2、e dictionary _ _ _ _（我昨天买的）?（3）Peter drove too fast，_ _ _ _（这是很危险的）.which prevented him which I bought yesterday which was very dangerous 要点二 关系代词引导的定语从句（1）先行词是人时（3）用 that 不用 which 的情况 先行词是 all，much，few，little，everything，anything，nothing，none，the one 等不定代词时。先行词被 any，few，little，much，some，no 等词修饰或被 th
3、e only，the very，the same，the last 等修饰时。先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。先行词既指人又指物时。主句是 who 或 which 等引出的特殊疑问句时。（4）用 which 不用 that 的情况 在非限制性定语从句中用 which 不用that。介词后用 which 不用 that。（5）“whose+n.”引导定语从句时，可换成“the+n.+of+whom/which”或“of whom/which+the+n.”。单句语法填空（1）Those people the boss interviewed are applicants for the jo
4、b.（2）A company profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.（3）October 1，1949 is the day well never forget.（4）All is worth doing should be done well.（5）He is the very person I want to talk to.（6）This is the best movie Ive ever seen.（7）They were talking about persons and thin
5、gs they remembered.（8）They have invited me to visit their country，is very kind of them.（9）He lives in a big house window face the sea.=He lives in a big house of the window faces the sea.（10）This is the question weve had a discussion about.=This is the question about weve had a discussion.who/whom/t
6、hat whose that/which that that that that which whose which that/which which 要点三 关系代词as 引导的定语从句（1）as 引导限制性定语从句当先行词被 as，so，such，the same 等修饰时，要用关系代词 as 引导定语从句，as 在从句中作主语或宾语。误区警示在so/such.that 引导的结果状语从句中，that 不作任何成分，只起引导作用。the same 后有时用 that，它表示“同一个，就是那一个”，而 as 则表示“与 一样”，但不是同一个。（2）as 引导非限制性定语从句 as 引导非限制
7、性定语从句时，先行词是整个主句，它在定语从句中作主语或宾语。as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以位于主句前或主句后，也可以位于主句中间。as 引导的非限制性定语从句常含有 see，know，hear，watch，remember，say，tell，show，expect，guess 等动词，这类动词与 as 连用几乎成了一种固定搭配。（3）as 与 which 引导的非限制性定语从 句的区别 as 引导的定语从句表示说话人的看法、态度、解释或评论。as 仍具有“正如，像，由可知”等意思，翻译时有时可不必译出。as 引导的此类从句可置于句首、句中或句尾。which 引导的定语从句对主句所叙述的事情进
8、行补充说明，表明事物的状态或结果。which 此时指前面主句所提到的这件事，常译为“这一点，这件事”等。这时它引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列、因果关系。它引导的从句通常只能位于主句的后面。误区警示注意 as 引导的定语从句与 it 作形式主语的主语从句和what 引导的主语从句的区别。As is known to us，.比较 It is known to us that.What is known to us is that.单句写作（1）You may take as many chairs （你需要的）.（2）My parents have not so much money （我想要的
9、）.（3）Such people （做出贡献的）to the world should be respected.（4）（拿破仑曾经说过），attack is the best method of defence.（5）（情况常常如此），girls like dolls while boys like guns.（6）He changed his mind again，（这使我们大家都生气了）.as you need as I want as have made a contribution As Napoleon once said As is often the case which ma
10、de us all angry 判断that/what 引导的是什么从句（7）They had such a fierce dog that no one dared to go near their house._（8）It is known to us all that the moon moves around the earth._（9）What is known to us all is that the moon moves around the earth._英译汉（10）This is the same cell phone that I lost yesterday._（11
11、）This is the same cell phone as I lost yesterday._that 引导结果状语从句，在从句中不作成分 that 引导主语从句 what 引导主 语从句；that 引导表语从句 这就是我昨天丢的那部手机。这部手机与我昨天丢的那部一样。要点四 关系副词引导的定语从句（1）当定语从句修饰时间名词，且关系词 在从句中作状语时，用 when。（2）当定语从句修饰地点名词，且关系词 在从句中作状语时，用 where。误区警示关系副词 when/where 引导定语从句和连词 when/where 引导状语从句的区别：定语从句，修饰先行词；状语从句，修饰主句谓语动
12、词。（3）当先行词是 reason 时，用 why 引导定语从句。why 在定语从句中作原因状语。（4）关系副词 when，where 和 why 引导的定语从句可改写为“介词+which”引导的定语从句。误区警示并非所有表示“地点”和“时间”的先行词，后面的定语从句一定用 where 和 when 引导。如果定语从句中缺少主语或宾语，那么就要用 that 或 which 引导。如果 reason 不是定语从句中事情发生的原因，而是充当了定语从句谓语动词的主语或宾语，这时也要用关系代词 that 或 which 引导定语从句，不用 why。单句语法填空（1）I will never forge
13、t the day we moved into our new house.（2）This is the place Jack parked his car.（3）He didnt know the reason he was dismissed.（4）Do you still remember the days we spent in the countryside?（5）I wont listen to the reason you have given us.判断when/where 引导的是什么从句（6）Einstein left Germany for the United Stat
14、es during World War，when Jews were badly treated in Germany._ （7）Now I know where to go when I feel homesick._ （8）词汇复现Youd better make a mark at the spot where you have any question._ （9）Youd better make a mark where you have any question.when where why that/which that/which 定语从句 时间状语从句 定语从句 地点状语从句
15、同义句转换（10）Ill never forget the day when my son was born.=Ill never forget the day my son was born.（11）He forgot the exact place where he had hidden the jewellery.=He forgot the exact place he had hidden the jewellery.（12）Id like you to explain the reason why you refused my offer.=Id like you to expla
16、in the reason you refused my offer.on which in which for which on 依据 on the day 确定 in 依据 in the place 确定 for 依据 for the reason 确定 要点五 使用定语从句时应注意的问题（1）定语从句中的主谓一致问题关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数要和先行词的数保持一致。误区警示which 引导非限制性定语从句指代前面整个主句时，谓语动词用单数形式。who 引导非限制性定语从句时，谓语动词的形式取决于先行词。（2）在定语从句中应避免与被关系代词或关系副词所替代的部分重复。（3
17、）在定语从句中作主语的关系代词不可省略。（4）定语从句中不能有多余的介词或副词。单句语法填空（1）Tom was one of the boys who （be）praised by the headmaster.（2）Tom was the only one of the boys who （be）praised by the headmaster.（3）He said he was a Frenchman，which （be）not true.（4）I，who （be）a Chinese，will do my best for our country.单句写作（5）This is the most beautiful place （我参观过的）.（6）The school （我在那里工作的）is a famous one.（7）The room （他住的）is bigger than mine.（8）This is the time （我们回家）every day.were was was am that I have ever visited where I worked he lives in/where he lives when we go home/at which we go home 完成“综合练提升能力”中的题目 综合练提升能力
