1、Unit 15Learning【美文阅读】随着社会的发展，与国际间的交流日益广泛，人们对英语越来越重视 ，在学习好英语的同时我们也不能忘掉我们的母语汉语的学习！Learning Chinese and English Together!We have a long and glorious history here in China. We should be immensly(非常)proud of what the Chinese culture has contributed to the world both in ancient times and in modern times.
2、However，some people feel that Chinese is no longer a useful thing to learn. Some students even feel that we should all just learn English! We must realize, though, that there are many reasons why we really need to learn both Chinese and English.We Need to Learn Chinese for Ourselves!Its true that we
3、 need to study our own Chinese language and culture diligently(勤奋地)So many important things have happened in China over the last 5,000 years that it would be impossible to understand them all without studying incredibly hard. We are Chinese and we need to understand our roots, and the roots are in o
4、ur language. We all have strong feelings for our country, and therefore we need to cultivate(培养) a strong love for our language as well.We Need to Learn Chinese for the World!We should not just study Chinese for our own sake but we also need to study China for the benefit of the entire world.Even if
5、 people from other counties do study China and Chinese, it can sometimes be difficult to fully comprehend(理解) it without having the same experiences we have. Therefore, we need to become the experts in our own language and our own culture for their sake as well as our own.We Need to Learn English fo
6、r Ourselves!Even if we study our own Chinese language and culture thoroughly, that isnt enough. Even though China is a very large country, the world is even larger. Even if we are experts on China, we still may know very little about the rest of the world. Language is a window into the rest of the w
7、orld. Through language we can learn more about the rest of the world for ourselves.We Need to Learn English for the World!If we want to make a big impact(影响)on the world，we need to be ready to share all of our knowledge with people from all over the world. Chinese society is a treasure that is too g
8、ood to keep to ourselves；it must be shared. In order to share our culture with people from other countries, we need to learn other languages. While many different languages will help us communicate with people from many different nations, English is one of the most commonly used international langua
9、ges.【诱思导学】1Why shall we learn Chinese well?_2Why do we need to learn English?_【答案】1.Because learning Chinese well can help us understand culture and study China for the benefit of the whole world.2Because learning English can help us learn more about the rest of the world and communicate with people
10、 from other countries about different cultures.Period Previewing(教师用书独具)教学目标本课时主要是通过学生对学案所给出的内容的学习，了解本课文中所出现的词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，对下一堂课课文的全面理解起到一个铺垫作用。教学地位本单元是让学生了解终身学习的重要性和如何创设融洽和谐的师生关系，通过本文的学习会使学生对学习有更深层次的理解。尽管现阶段学生的本职任务就是学习，但是通过本节的教学，让学生了解他们终身学习和师生和谐交往的重要性。所以，上好本堂课会增进学生和老师之间的教与学关系。(教师用书独具)新课导入建议用多媒
11、体向学生展示几幅图片，其内容是关于学习与继续教育，无论他们是平常人还是已获得巨大成就的人，都不忘每时每刻给自己“充电”汲取新的知识。从而，转到现在在校学习的学生身上，使他们明白学习的重要性，把握好现在的学习机会。教学流程设计(对应学生用书第53页).篇章结构阅读Lifelong Learning完成下列表格The Importance of Lifelong LearningSunWenAdviceIts never too late to learn.SituationBecause of my new 1._，Im getting promoted.DecisionGive myself
12、a second chance by studying for a 2._in the evenings and on weekends.Resulthave been hard work，but its been 3._itMs.TangReasonI would be 4._because the company was not doing that well.Problemgot bored to be a “5._home officer”Decisiondecided to do a 6._courseResulthave nearly finished the course now
13、 and it has been very 7._.GrandpaChenReasona few months ago when postage went upDecisionIt was time I became an Internet user. I got my grandson to 8._me on how to email and use the Internet.And 9._emailing, its fun to see and talk to my grandchildren in the US on the iCam.ConclusionSwitch off your
14、brain and 10._everything youve ever learnt.【答案】1.qualification2.degree3.worth4.laid off5chief6.business7.helpful8.instruct9.aside from10.bury.语篇理解阅读P36的Reading部分，从每题所给的3个选项中选择最佳答案1How does the author organise the passage?ABy giving examples.BBy making comparisons.CBy showing facts.2Which of the foll
15、owing about Sun Wen is NOT right?AHes got his Bachelors Degree at Qinghua University.BHe is studying in an evening school.CHe has a fulltime job.3Ms.Tang thinks getting laid off is the best thing that ever happened to her，because_.Ashe would have stayed in the company until retirementBshe has learnt
16、 many new skills and prepared to set up her own export company after getting laid offCshe enjoys being a fulltime housewife4Whats the status of the job market at the moment？A.All companies were doing that well.BAll people got laid off because of doing something wrong.CPeople would not have to stay i
17、n a company until retirement.5From Grandpa Chens experience, we can know that_.Awhere there is a will，there is a wayBits never too old to learnCactions speak louder than words【答案】1.A2.A3.B4.C5.B.课文缩写用下面方框所给单词的适当形式填空postage；saying；suspect；blank；secure；qualification；swell；retire；airmail；useSun Wen is
18、28 years old.After he failed in the College Entrance Exam，he has been studying for a degree while keeping a 1._fulltime job，and he is about to graduate now.He has new 2._which makes him promoted at work.His advice for us is that “Its never too late to learn.” Ms.Tang is 45 years old.When she knew th
19、at she would be laid off，her mind went 3._and her heart 4._with anger.She 5._that it was not right for the company to laid her off because the workers would have stayed in the company till 6._if they worked for it for over 20 years. Grandpa Chen is 75 years old.He is teaching himself new tricks ever
20、y day，which certainly proves the 7._“You cant teach an old dog new tricks” not true.He had been sending letters by 8._to his daughter in the US once a week，but later the 9._went up，which made him become an Internet 10._.【答案】1.secure2.qualification3.blank4.swelled5.suspected6.retirement7.saying8.airm
21、ail9.postage10.user.词义搭配1simplifyAfeel doubt；mistrust2secure Bproverb3swell Cmake(sth.)easy to do or understand4suspect Dgive orders or directions to sb.5saying Enot feeling worry；firmly fixed6instruct Fbecome larger because of pressure from inside7bury Grecognize the difference between people or th
22、ings8distinguish Hhide sb./sth. in the earth【答案】18CEFABDHG.短语填空用所给短语的适当形式填空begin with；frankly speaking；lay off；go blank；dream of；set up；aside from；switch off1.The company was deeply in debt and some employees were _.2They_a monument to him in his hometown.3When I heard the shocking news，my mind_.4_t
23、he necessary clothes，I also carried a camera.5_，I think your son has little chance of passing the exam.6He is always_a famous film star.【答案】1.laid off2.set up3.went blank4.Aside from5.Frankly speaking6.dreaming of.句型背诵1Its never too_ late to_ learn.活到老，学到老。2I felt as_if_ I had done something wrong!
24、我感觉自己似乎做错了什么！3I decided that it_was_time_ I became an Internet user.我觉得是成为互联网用户的时候了。4In the past，if Id_wanted to see them，I would_have_had to visit them in person.过去，如果我想看他们，就不得不亲自去他们那里。Period Warmup & Lifelong Learning(教师用书独具)教学目标1熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。2通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句
25、。3通过对这些词汇的理解能够更深层次的理解课文，并通过课文加深对这些词汇的理解，更加熟练的运用这些词汇。4通过对本课文的理解，让学生学会用英语写情景作文，以提高学生的书面表达能力。5通过对语法的教学让学生能够理解并能够运用这些语法知识，熟练掌握虚拟语气的用法。教学地位单词和短语是构成句子的最小单位，在语言学习中起至关重要的作用，所以理解和正确运用英语单词和短语是英语学习的重点所在。另外，让学生正确理解和掌握语法知识给学生创设一个语境，让学生理解该语法的应用，而不要让学生死记硬背语法条文，应从理解的基础上去灵活运用这些语法。(教师用书独具)新课导入建议As the saying goes，it
26、is never too old to learn(活到老学到老). With the development of science and technology, talents are becoming more important. However, studying constantly is vital for talents, so the teacher may ask students some questions about what they think of studying. (老师让同学读一读他/她写的短文。)教学流程设计导入新课。(对应学生用书第54页)1Heres
27、_what they have to say about their lifelong learning experience.(教材P36)这里是他们必须要说的关于他们终身学习经历的话。这是由what引导的名词性从句，是一个完全倒装的句式。谓语动词完全置于主语之前的句子，便是完全倒装句。Away flew the plane.飞机飞走了。Here comes the bus！公共汽车来了！这类句型主要有两种：a.副词谓语主语(以here，there，in，up，down，away等副词开头，谓语动词多为be，come，go等)b副词谓语主语(以then，now，thus，such开头，谓语动
28、词多为come，follow，begin，end，be，主语又是名词时)a.介词短语谓语主语(表地点的介词短语位于句首，且谓语动词为不及物动词，主谓需倒装)b介词短语/形容词/分词be主语(表语置于句首，为保持句子平衡，或强调，使上下文衔接需要倒装)In front of the teaching building stands a tall tree.教学楼前有一棵大树。Now comes your turn.轮到你了。South of the river lies a small factory.一个小型工厂坐落在河的南岸。Out rushed the children.孩子们冲了出去。【
29、提示】如果句子中的主语为人称代词，而不是名词，则不需要倒装。将下列句子改为倒装句The teacher came in，and the lesson began._The speaker sat in front of the lecture hall._【答案】In came the teacher，and the lesson began.In front of the lecture hall sat the speaker.2Its never too_late_to learn.(教材P36)活到老，学到老。too.to.中的too前面如果用了否定词(如never)，则该句表示肯定意
30、义。Never too old to learn，never too late to turn.亡羊补牢，为时未晚。too.to.中的too前如有far等词修饰，则这些词表示强调。too.to.结构意为“太而不能”，表示否定含义。too.to.句式中，too后接形容词ready(现成的)，incline(偏于的)，apt(易于)，eager(急切的)，anxious(着急的)等词时，无否定的意思。only too.to.也表示肯定，其中，too后的形容词多为表示某种心情的，如：glad，pleased，willing，thankful，delighted等；也有描绘性的形容词，如：good，k
31、ind，true等。He is too young to dress himself.他太小了，不会自己穿衣服。He was far too busy to think of giving up.他太忙，没有时间想到放弃。She is not too clever to go with him.她很机灵，没有跟他一起走。He is too ready to talk.他爱说话。The film is only too good to see.这部电影很好，值得一看。完成句子这道数学题太难，我不能解出它。The maths problem is _ work out.雷锋同志非常乐于助人。Com
32、rade Lei Feng was _ others.【答案】too difficult for me totoo ready to help3be about to do即将做；就要做Now Im about to graduate from the School of Continuing Education at Qinghua University with a Bachelors Degree in Computer Engineering by distance learning.(教材P36)现在我即将从清华大学继续教育学院毕业，通过远程教育课程我获得了计算机工程专业的学士学位。
33、Work was about to start on a new factory building.新厂房即将动工。I was just about to ask you the same thing.我刚才正要问你同一件事情。be about to do sth.when.正要做某事，这时be doing.when.正在做，这时be on the point of doing.when.正要做这时be on the way to.when.正要做这时had done.when.刚做完这时We were just about to leave when Jerry arrived.我们正要离开
34、，这时杰里到了。I was doing my homework at 800 last night when someone knocked at my door.昨天晚上八点钟我在做作业时，有人敲门。I had gone to bed when the telephone rang.我刚上床睡觉，这时电话响了。【提示】be about to do sth.表示“将要做某事”，一般不与表示将来的具体时间状语连用。【教师备课资源】将来时的多种表示法：will/shalldo：一般将来时最基本的表示方法，表示将来发生的动作。be to do：表示计划、安排、义务、命令、禁止等。be going t
35、o do：表示打算、计划要做某事或有迹象表明要发生的动作。beving：表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，有此用法的多为趋向性动词。一般现在时：表示按规定、时间表、日程安排要发生的动作。【对接高考】(2012全国卷)I had hardly got to the office_my wife phoned me to go back home at once.AwhenBthanCuntil Dafter【解析】句意：我刚到办公室，我妻子就打电话叫我立刻回家。本题考查并列连词。had hardly done something when.为固定句型。【答案】A完成句子他刚要站起来，这时老师进来了
36、。He_stand up_.我们就要出发了。We_start off.【答案】was just about to；when the teacher came inare about to4secure adj.安全的；坚固的 vt.使安全；获得；固定I decided to give myself a second chance by studying for a degree in the evenings and on weekends while keeping a secure fulltime job.(教材P36)我决定再给自己一次机会，在保证一份稳定的全职工作的同时，利用晚上和周
37、末时间学习以取得学位。He is under the illusion that his position is secure.他误以为他的地位很稳固。Troops were sent to secure the border.军队被派去保卫边境。be secure against/from没有的危险be secure of对有把握；确信fell/be secure about/as to对觉得放心secure(sth.)against/from使(某物)免遭Now my house is secure against burglary.现在我的房子无被盗窃的危险。I feel secure
38、about my future.我对未来感到放心。Some measures are needed to secure the farmland against shifting sand.需要采取一些措施使农田免遭流沙的侵袭。完成句子这个年轻人不担心自己的前途。The young man is _ his future.树可以为庄稼挡住风沙。The trees can _ the crops _ sand.【答案】secure about/ofsecure；against/from 5frankly speaking.(to be frank)坦白地说Frankly speaking，the
39、 last four years have been hard work，but its been worth it！(教材P36)坦白地说，最后这四年过得很艰难，但却是值得的！Frankly speaking，you are wrong again.坦白地说，你又错了。Frankly speaking，your artwork has no aesthetic value.坦率地说，你的作品没有任何艺术价值。honestly speaking.(to be honest)说实话generally speaking.一般来说exactly speaking.确切地说strictly speak
40、ing.严格地说personally speaking.就个人而言Honestly speaking，I dont like the job.说实话，我不喜欢这份工作。Personally speaking，he did very well.就我个人而言，他干得挺不错。完成句子严格地说，这本书不能算小说，而是短篇故事。_，the book is not a novel，but a short story.说实话，我真的没告诉过任何人。_，I didnt really tell anyone.【答案】Strictly speakingHonestly speaking6Three months
41、ago，when my manager told me that I would be laid_off，my mind went_blank and my heart swelled with anger.(教材P36)三个月前，当我的经理告诉我，我将要下岗时，我的大脑一片空白，怒火满腔。(1)lay off 裁员；解雇If business continues to be slow，we will have to lay off some workers.如果生意再继续下滑，我们必须解雇部分劳工。Often，they think too much in the short term and
42、 begin to lay off employees.通常，他们看中短期效益，开始解雇员工。lay vt.放置；铺；产(蛋，卵)；设置lay sb.out打昏(某人)lay sth.aside把放在一边；储存lay sth.down(开始)建造某物；停止使用某事物，放弃某事物；制定规则、原则等lay up 贮存；自讨苦吃；(因病)卧床The boxer was laid out in the fifth round.那个拳击手在第五回合中被击昏在地。Ive laid up with flu for a week.我患流感已在家休息一个星期了。She managed to lay aside
43、a few pounds each week from her wages.她设法每周从薪水中存几个英镑。【教师备课资源】注意下面几个动词的词形、词性及意义的区别：lie(vi.)liedlied撒谎lie(vi.)laylain躺；位于lay(vt.)laidlaid放；搁；下蛋，产卵用lay的短语填空工人们因为不懂先进技术被辞退了。The workforce_because they didnt grasp the advanced technology.他们首先得为这项工程制订一个计划。First they had to_a plan for the project.【答案】was la
44、id offlay down(2)go blank发呆；默然When I heard the shocking news，my mind went blank.当我听到这个震惊的消息时，我的脑子一片空白。My mind went completely blank and I forgot what I was supposed to be doing.我的脑子一片空白，连我本来要做什么都想不起来了。go blind变瞎go mad发疯go pale脸色变得苍白 go hungry挨饿go bad变质Hearing the bad news，his face went pale.听到这个坏消息，
45、他的脸色变得很苍白。The fish has gone bad because of hot weather.因为天热鱼变质了。【提示】“goadj.”是一种系表结构，go在此结构中意为“变得，变成，变为”。完成句子试试让你无思无虑，你会感到平静些。Try to let your mind_，then youll fell calmer.我宁愿挨饿也不吃那东西。Id rather_than eat that.【答案】go blankgo hungry7suspect v怀疑；猜想 n犯罪嫌疑人 adj.不可信的；可疑的I suspect that they laid me off becaus
46、e the company was not doing that well but it still brought a lump to my throat and made me want to cry.(教材P36)我怀疑他们裁掉我是因为公司经营得不是很好，但这仍然使我喉咙哽咽，让我想哭。I have no reason to suspect her loyalty.我没有理由怀疑她的忠诚。He is a suspect murder.他是个谋杀嫌疑犯。Some of the evidence they produced was highly suspect.他们出示的证据中有些相当不可靠
47、。suspect sb./sth.怀疑某人/某事suspect sb.of (doing) sth.怀疑某人(干)某事suspect sb./sth.as/to be.怀疑某人/某物为suspectthat.怀疑Whom do the police suspect？警方在怀疑谁？What made you suspect him of having broken the glass?你凭什么怀疑是他打坏的玻璃呢？We all suspect her as/to be an actress，but no one knows her.我们都猜想她是一名演员，但没有人认识她。【教师备课资源】susp
48、icion n怀疑，嫌疑；看法，感觉suspicious adj.怀疑的，可疑的be suspicious of/about怀疑完成句子他看起来很无辜，但警察怀疑他杀了人。He looks innocent，but the police_a murder.我怀疑他打破了那扇窗。I_having broken the window.【答案】suspect him to besuspect him of8I felt as_if I had done something wrong！(教材P36)我感觉自己似乎做错了什么！as if/though引导方式状语从句。as if意为“似乎，好像”，可以
49、位于系动词look，seem，feel，sound，smell等后引导表语从句，以及act，treat等之后引导方式状语从句。She looks as if she were ten years younger than me.她看起来好像比我年轻10岁。(1)as if引导的方式状语从句所表示的情况是事实或具有很大可能性时，通常用陈述语气。常与look，seem，taste，smell，sound等词连用。(2)as if引导的方式状语从句所表示的情况不是事实，而是主观的想象或夸大的比喻，通常用虚拟语气，其形式如下：如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。如果从句表示与过去事实相反
50、，谓语动词用“had过去分词”。如果从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would/could/might动词原形”。It seems as if the boy has lost his way.好像这个男孩迷路了。He is a happy and lucky man as if he has no worries and cares in the world.他是个无忧无虑的人，好像世上没有什么让他烦恼和发愁的事。He walks as if he were drunk.他走起路来像是喝醉了似的。【对接高考】(2012北京高考)Dont handle the vase as if it_
51、made of steel.Ais BwereChas been Dhad been【解析】句意：不要这么拿这个花瓶，就好像它是钢制成似的。本题考查虚拟语气。as if意为“好像”，分析句意可知as if后面的句子须使用虚拟语气，并且所述情况是对现在事实的假设，因此使用一般过去时，故选择B项。【答案】B完成句子看起来天好像要下雨。It looks _.他英语讲得很好，好像他在英国生活了多年似的。He speaks English perfectly _.【答案】as if it is going to rainas if/though he had lived in England for m
52、any years9I decided that it_was_time I became an Internet user.(教材P36)我觉得是成为互联网用户的时候了。Its time that结构用于表示“是该的时候了”。that后面的句子应使用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should动词原形”或用一般过去时。Its time that I went to bed.Its time that I should go to bed.我该去睡觉了。Its time that I went home.我该回家去了。“是该做某事的时候了”的几种表达方式：It is time for sth.It is
53、 time to do sth.It is time (for sb.)to do sth.It is time for doing sth.It is time (that) sb.should do sth.It is time for us to do our homework.我们该做作业了。It is time to go to bed.该上床睡觉了。【教师备课资源】time作“次数”讲时的常用句型：It/This/That is/was the first/second/third/.time that.这/那是某人第一/二/三/次做某事(主句用is，从句用现在完成时；主句用was
54、，从句用过去完成时)。完成句子他该到我们家吃晚饭了。It is time that he_to our house for dinner.到我们植树的时候了。Its time for us _.【答案】should come/cameto plant trees10instruct vt.教导；指导I got my grandson to instruct me on how to email and use the Internet and I really enjoy the speed at which my messages get sent and answered.(教材P36)于
55、是让孙子教我怎样收发电子邮件和使用互联网，我真的很喜欢信息的传送和回复速度。She instructs music once a week at a middle school.她在中学每周教一次音乐课。We should instruct the passengers what customs regulations are.我们该向乘客说明海关规则是什么。instruct sb./sth.教某人/某事instruct sb.in sth.教授某人某事instruct sb.to do sth.指示/吩咐某人做某事instruct(sb.)that/whcl命令(某人)instruct(sb
56、.)whto do教(某人)做instruction n指导；指示；用法说明follow the instructions按照说明on sb.s instructions按照某人的吩咐under (sb.s) instructions在(某人的)教导下Greater effort is needed to instruct children in road safety.需要更大的努力来教导孩子们的道路安全意识。The captain instructed the soldiers to retreat.上尉命令士兵们撤退。On his instructions，the luggage had
57、 been sent on.按照他的吩咐，行李已经先行送走。I instruct him how to do the work.我教他怎样干这项工作。完成句子我的工作是教你们英语。My job is _.他吩咐我立即把信寄出去。He_the letter at once.【答案】to instruct you in Englishinstructed me to post11aside from除之外And aside from emailing，its fun to see and talk to my grandchildren in the US on the iCam.(教材P36)除
58、了收发电子邮件，我用网上镜头看到了在美国的外孙并且同他们谈话，太有趣了。Ive finished aside from the last question.除了最后一道题，我全做完了。Aside from their house in London，they also have a villa in Spain.他们在伦敦有一座房子，此外在西班牙还有一栋别墅。besides/except/except for/aside frombesides除之外(还有)，除去部分在整体之内except除之外(别无)，除去部分不在整体之内，常与nothing，all，none等不定代词连用except fo
59、r除了，表示从细节上对整体进行修正aside(apart)from除了(还有)；除了(别无)，除去部分既可在整体之内，又可在整体之外Is there anyone else we know besides Will?除了威尔，还有我们认识的人吗？You can have any of the cakes except this one.除了这块蛋糕外，你可以吃任何一块。The roads were empty except for a few cars.除了几辆小汽车之外，公路上空荡荡的。Aside from the kitchen，the house is very nice.除了厨房外，这
60、所房子哪儿都好。用besides，except，except for和aside from填空This article is good，_a few spelling mistakes.They all went there _Tow，who was ill._making a promise，he kept it.【答案】except for/aside fromexceptBesides/Aside from12bury vt.埋葬；隐藏；专心致志So many people think that after you retire，all you can do is switch off
61、your brain and bury everything youve ever learnt.(教材P36)很多人认为退休后你能做的所有的事就是关闭大脑，埋葬你曾经所学过的所有的东西。The miners were buried alive when the tunnel collapsed.地道塌方，矿工都被活埋在里面。 She always has her head buried in a book.她总是埋头读书。be buried alive被活埋be buried in thought沉思bury ones head/face in ones hands用手捂住头/脸bury o
62、neself in ones work/studies埋头工作/学习He buried his face in his hands.他双手掩面。He buried himself in his work.他埋头工作。完成句子他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。_，he didnt know that all the others had left.他双手掩面而泣。He_and wept.【答案】Buried in his study/Because he was burried in his study buried his face in his hands观察下列从Reading中选取的
63、句子，体会虚拟语气的用法。I decided that it_was_time I became_an Internet user.In the past，if someone had_worked for a company for over 20 years，they would_have_stayed there until retirement!I_felt_as_if_I_had_done something wrong!自我总结1在“it is/was time(that).”结构中that引导的句子用_语气，即用_或_，但should不可省略。2在if引导虚拟的条件句中，如果与过
64、去事实相反，从句谓语用_，主语谓语用Would/should/could/might_。3在as if引导的方式状语从句中，如果所表示的情况不是事实，通常用_语气，如果从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用_。【答案】1.虚拟一般过去时；should动词原形2.过去完成式(had done)；have done；3.虚拟；“had过去分词”虚拟语气一、虚拟语气的使用范围及判断1虚拟语气表示一种假设。它主要用于由if引导的条件状语从句中，也可用于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句中。2if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断。虚拟语气的假设，通常有三种情况：与过去事实相反，与现在事实相反，与将来事实可能相反。3后
65、退一步法。后退一步法指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后，按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态，即在非真实条件状语从句中，谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。也就是：与过去事实相反，在从句中用过去完成时形式表示；与现在事实相反，在从句中用一般过去时形式表示；与将来事实可能相反，在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。主句中则用would，should，could等情态动词加动词形式。If I had come here yesterday，I would have seen him.如果我昨天来这儿，我就能见到他了。If I were a teacher，I would be strict with
66、 my students.如果我是老师，我将会严格要求学生。If it should snow tomorrow，they couldnt go out.如果明天下雪，他们就不能外出了。4注意：(1)if条件句中如有were，should，had，可以省去if，并用倒装语序。(2)在现代英语中，if条件状语从句中的谓语动词如果是be，其过去式一般用were。二、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设If主语动词的过去式(be动词用were)主语should/would/could/might动词原形与过去事实相反的假设If主语had过去分词主语should/would
67、/could/mighthave过去分词与将来事实可能相反的假设If主语动词过去式If主语were to动词原形If主语should动词原形主语should/would/could/might动词原形If you had taken my advice，you would not have failed in the exams.假如你听了我的建议的话，你就不会考试不及格了。(实际上没考好)If you came tomorrow，we would have the meeting.假如你明天来的话，我们就开会。If it were to rain tomorrow，the sports me
68、eting would be put off.如果明天下雨，运动会就推迟。If he should not come tomorrow，we should put off the meeting till next Monday.假如他明天不来，我们将会议推迟到下周一。使用虚拟条件句时要注意以下几点：1当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时(被称为“错综时间条件句”)，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应的调整。If you had studied hard before，you would be a college student now.假如你以前努力学习，你现在就是
69、一位大学生了。2在条件句中可省略if，把were，had，should提到句首，变为倒装句式。If I were at school again，I would study harder.Were I at school again，I would study harder.如果再次回到学校的话，我会更加努力地学习。If you had come earlier，you would have caught the bus.Had you come earlier，you would have caught the bus.如果早点来的话，你肯定赶上了公交车。If it should rain
70、tomorrow，we would not go climbing.Should it rain tomorrow，we would not go climbing.明天下雨的话，我们就不去爬山。注意：若省略的条件句中的谓语动词为否定，不能用动词的缩略形式。如：Were it not for the expense，I would go abroad now.如果不是费用问题，我现在就出国了。但不能说：Werent it for the expense，I would go abroad now.3用介词短语代替条件状语从句。常用的介词有with，without，but for。What wo
71、uld you do with a million dollars？(if you had a million dollars)假如有一百万的话，你会做什么？We couldnt have finished the work ahead of time without your help.(if we hadnt got your help)Without your help，we couldnt have finished the work ahead of time.(But for your help，.If it had not been for your help，.Had it n
72、ot been for your help，.)如果没有你的帮助，我们是不能提前完成工作的。4含蓄条件句。有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而通过其他手段来代替条件句。I was ill that day.Otherwise，I would have taken part in the sports meeting.(副词)那天我病了。要不然我就参加运动会了。He telephoned to inform me of your birthday，or I would have known nothing about it.(连词)是他打电话告诉我你的生日的，否则我什
73、么都不知道。A man who stopped drinking water would be dead in about seven days.(定语从句)一个人7天左右不喝水就会死。 I might have given you more help，but I was too busy.(连词)我本可以给你更多帮助的，但我太忙了。(对应学生用书第59页).单项填空1(2012天津高考)We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold_us a ride home.Adidnt offerB. wouldnt offerChasnt offere
74、d D. hadnt offered【解析】句意：昨天如果Harold不让我们搭车回家的话，我们就会叫出租车了。考查虚拟语气。根据“would have called.yesterday”可知此句为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以其从句用过去完成时。【答案】D2(2012山东高考)If we_adequate preparations，the conference wouldnt have been so successful.Ahavent made Bwouldnt makeCdidnt make Dhadnt made【解析】句意：如果我们没有做好充分的准备，会议就不会如此成功。本题考查虚
75、拟语气。由主句中的wouldnt have been so successful可知 ，表示与过去事实相反，if从句中要用过去完成时，故选D。【答案】D3(2012江西高考)We_have bought so much food now that Suzie wont be with us for dinner.Amay not BneedntCcant Dmustnt【解析】句意：既然Suize不和我们共进晚餐，我们本不必买那么多的食物。本题考查虚拟语气。根据句意可知这里表示与过去事实相反的假设，needt have done表示本不需要做某事。A：可能不；C：不可能；D：禁止，不能与hav
76、e done sth.连用。【答案】B4_for the free tickets，I would not have gone to the film so often.AIf it is not BWere it notCHad it not been DIf they were not【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果不是因为这些免费的票，我不会那么经常去看电影。依据语境，从句部分要用过去完成时假设过去的情况；为了加强语气，可将if省略，把had/should/were提前，构成倒装。【答案】C5Its hard for me to imagine what I would be doing
77、 today if I_in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallenC. should fall D. were to fall【解析】本题考查了混合型虚拟条件句，主句是对现在情况的推测，从句表示对过去的假设。句意：如果不是在7岁的时候爱上家乡的Melinda Cox图书馆，很难想象我今天会在做什么。【答案】B6If the weather had been better，we could have had a
78、picnic.But it _all day.Arained BrainsChas rained Dis raining【解析】If the weather had been better，we could have had a picnic.这个条件句的谓语是表过去的时间，即过去时间段上的虚拟。故而可以判断答案rained。这里通过前面的语境及谓语结构来判断，这是解答虚拟语气试题的关键。【答案】A7If we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the river_so seriously now.Ais not pollutedB
79、would not be pollutedChad not been pollutedDwould not have been polluted【解析】从句表示对过去情况的假设，而主句则表示对现在情况的假设，结合错综时间条件句中主从句谓语动词的形式可知B项正确。【答案】B8But for the help of my English teacher, I_the first prize in the English Writing Competition.Awould not win Bwould not have wonCwould win Dwould have won【解析】考查虚拟语气
80、与时态。句意：要不是我的英语老师的帮助，我就不能获得英语写作比赛的一等奖。此处虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反，句子谓语动词用would/should/could/mighthave done结构，故选B。【答案】B9Without the sun，none of the living things on earth _.AexistedBwould existCwould have been existedDexists【解析】句意：要是没有太阳，地球上就没有任何的生命存在。Without the sun表示与现在情况相反的条件，故主句中使用虚拟语气，谓语的形式为：would/should/cou
81、ld/might动词原形。【答案】B10_the warning message, more lives would have been lost in the flood.ARegardless of BInstead ofCBut for DExcept for【解析】句意：要不是有警报，会有更多的人在洪水中丧命。but for表示的暗含条件的虚拟语气。故选C。【答案】C.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空1If you had tried harder，you _(pass) your exam.2They wouldnt have gotten it done today if I _(he
82、lp) them.3If the bus _(delay)，I might have arrived on time.4If the weather had been more favorable，the crop _(grow) still better.5He knew that if he _(be) white，he could have been a successful professional man.6_I_(take)an umbrella with me，I wouldnt have been caught in the rain.7If I were you，I _(mi
83、ss)the film last night.8I ran all the way to school，otherwise I_(be)late.9If I knew his telephone number，I_(tell)you.10If he _(come)here tomorrow，I could talk to him.【答案】1.could/would have passed2.hadnt helped3had not been delayed4.would be growing5.were6.Had；taken7.wouldnt have missed8.would have b
84、een9.would tell10.should come/were to come/camePeriod Different Schools & Teachers(教师用书独具)教学目标1熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。2通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。3听懂课文中所给出的听力材料。4通过对语法的教学让学生能够理解并能够运用这些语法知识，能够熟练掌握虚拟语气在其他从句中的应用。教学地位听力是学生感到比较难以掌握的内容。听力训练是英语语言交流的一项基本技能，让学生了解听的技巧和提高听的能力是至关重要的。让学生正确理解和掌握
85、语法知识是学生学好英语的关键，所以应给学生创设一个语境，让学生理解该语法的应用，而不要让学生死记硬背语法条文，应从理解的基础上去运用这些语法。(教师用书独具)新课导入建议通过对学生作业的检查导入本堂新课。教学流程设计让学生就“互动探究”(见学案第6165页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。(对应学生用书第60页).判断正误阅读P40课文，判断句子正误1Graham was not diligent before Mr.Jenkins came into his life.()2Graham gave a presentation to his cla
86、ss because he was good at maths.()3Brian Jenkins was proud of Grahams success.()【答案】13TFT.语篇理解阅读P40课文，选择最佳选项1Which of the following sentences is TRUE?AI was good at maths only.BI often visit Mr Jenkins now.CMr Jenkins loves teaching very much.2Mr Jenkins used to explain difficult things to his stude
87、nts by_.Agiving comparisonsBgiving practical examplesCdiscussing with his students3Mr Jenkins feels_when he sees Graham on TV.AencouragedBdisappointedCproud4Why does Mr Jenkins love teaching?AHis wife wants him to do so.BHe can get access to childrens minds.CBeing a teacher can earn enough money to
88、support his family.5It was likely that Graham was greatly impressed by Mr Jenkins_.Ainteresting teaching methodBcourageCwitness【答案】15CBCBA(对应学生用书第61页)1Some schools teach how to pass tests so_that the students can go to university.(教材P38)有些学校教授如何通过考试，以便学生能上大学。so that在这里引导目的状语从句，意为“为了”，相当于“in order th
89、at”。so that引导目的状语从句时，常与can，could，be able to连用。We decided to hold a meeting so that we might discuss the matter.我们决定开会来讨论这件事。CCTV has set up a new channel so that the Chinese children can have a TV channel of their own.中央电视台开设了一个新频道，以便中国的儿童能拥有自己的频道。so that也可以引导结果状语从句，意为“结果；因此；以致”。但作此用法时，一般不与can，could
90、，be able to连用。Nothing was heard of her，so that she was thought to be dead.没有听到任何关于她的消息，因此人们认为她已经死了。Man has killed too many animals，so that there are fewer and fewer kinds of animals left.人类猎杀了过多的动物，结果动物的种类越来越少。【提示】so that引导的目的状语从句常不用逗号；而引导结果状语从句需用逗号与主句隔开。完成句子他们动身早，以便能赶上早班车。They left early_.他学习努力，因此通
91、过了这次考试。He worked hard，_.【答案】so that they could catch the early busso that he passed the exam2alternative adj.可选择的；另类的 n可供选择的事物；可供Jack had a“traditional”education and Nicholas had an“alternative”one.(教材P38)杰克接受了“传统”教育，而尼古拉斯则接受了“可选择的”教育。I offered the alternative suggestions of spending the vacation in
92、 the mountains or by the sea.我提议这次假期不是到山上就是到海边去。If payment is not received legal action will be our only alternative.如果我们收不到付款，起诉将是我们唯一的选择。have no alternative but to do.除做之外别无选择alter v改变；更改；变更；修改alternate adj.(两种事物)轮流的；交替的 v轮流；使交替发生或出现alternatively adv.替换地；作为一个代替的办法We have no alternative but to go o
93、n.除了继续下去，我们别无选择。We could take the train or alternatively go by car.我们可坐火车去，也可以坐公共汽车去。完成句子实在不得已，他只好请假几天。He had_ask for a few days off.她瘦了以后，衣服也得修改了。She had to_after losing weight.【答案】no alternative but toalter her clothes3reflect vt.反映；反射 reflects思考Our school motto reflects the importance we place on
94、 good manners，hard work and success.(教材P38)我们的校训反映出我们注重礼貌、努力学习和成功。Our newspaper aims to reflect the views of the local community.我们的报纸旨在表达当地人民的心声。Wear somthing whiteit reflects the heat.穿件白色的衣服它能反射热。reflect sb./sth.in sth.(从某物中)映出某人/物的影像reflect sth.from sth.从某物(表面)反射(光、热、声音等)reflect on/upon sth.思考某事
95、reflection n倒影；反映；考虑She could see herself reflected in his eyes.她在他眼里看到了自己。Im sitting in the small yard，reflecting on the plan.我坐在小院子里，想着这个计划。The moon looks bright because of the reflection of light.月亮由于光的反射看上去很亮。【对接高考】(2010湖北高考)Just as the clothes a person wears，the food he eats and the friends wit
96、h whom he spends his time，his house_his personality.AresemblesBstrengthensCreflects Dshapes【解析】句意：住房和一个人的穿着、他所吃的食物以及他所交往的朋友一样，也能反映一个人的性格。resemble与相像/类似；strengthen 加强，增强；reflect反映，表明；shape形成，塑造。【答案】C巧记reflect词义：反射思考完成句子His face_(映在)the mirror.She is_(认真思考)the matter.【答案】was reflected inreflecting on/
97、upon4reputation n名誉；名声Due to the limited number of places and our excellent reputation，students should apply early.(P38)由于学校的声誉好但地方有限，所以学生们应早来登记。He has a good reputation as a doctor.身为医生，他有很好的声誉。If the fact is published，it will ruin your reputation.一旦公布了事实真相，就会有损于你的名声。have a good/bad reputation名誉好/坏
98、have a reputation for sth.have the reputation of 因而著名；以闻名live up to ones reputation久负盛名；名副其实of great/good/high reputation很有声望的；享有盛名的The store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.该店买卖公平，声誉极佳。The weather in England is living up to its reputation.英国的天气真是名副其实。reputation/famereputation“名誉，声望”，着重
99、指他人所持有的对某人或某物的看法，可以是好的，也可以是坏的fame“名声，声望”，特别是好名声His approach had won him a reputation as a tough manager.他的做事方式使他成为以强硬著称的经理。She won fame as a singer before she became an actress.她当女演员之前作为歌手已经有了名气。用reputation，fame填空He has a_for generosity.She went to Hollywood in search of_and fortune.【答案】reputationfa
100、me5select vt.挑选Well，select another one then.(教材P39)那么，挑选另一个吧。He selected a shirt to match his suit.他挑选了一件衬衫来配那套西服。Our shops select only the very highquality products.我们商店都是精选的质量非常高的产品。select/choose/pickselect强调在广泛的范围内进行“精选或淘汰”，侧重按客观标准进行选择。choose侧重根据个人意愿和判断从众多的对象中进行选择，着重指被选者的优点。pick为口语化，强调“在众多事物之中进行仔
101、细挑选”。All our hotels have been carefully selected for the excellent value they provide.我们住的旅馆都是精心挑选的，最为合算。You can choose a book from these.你可以从这些书中选一本。I have picked out the bad potatoes from the basket.我已从篮子里把烂土豆拣出来了。用select，pick out，choose填空He looked through the suits and _the cheapest one for me._
102、all the words in the poem that suggest despair.He _his words carefully，hoping to avoid a quarrel.【答案】selectedPick outchose6to a certain extent在某种程度上To a certain extent，youre right.(教材P39)从某种程度上来说，你是正确的。He breaks the law to a certain extent.从某种程度上来说，他犯了法。Opencut mining will destroy the ecological env
103、ironment to a certain extent.露天开采在一定程度上会造成生态环境破坏。to some extent多少；有些to such an extent that.达到此种程度以至于/甚至to what extent/degree达到什么程度to a degree有些；稍微to a high degree非常；极The carpet was badly stained，to such an extent that you couldnt tell its original colour.这块地毯已经脏得辨认不出原来的颜色了。The film was boring to a d
104、egree.这部影片非常枯燥。完成句子他变得简直让我认不出来了。He has changed_that I no longer recognized him.这在多大程度上符合所有学校的情况？_，is this true of all schools?【答案】to such an extentTo what extent/degree7set off引起爆炸；导致；出发I remember that he let me pour some powder into the rocket and then another student lit a flame to set it off.(教材P
105、40)我记得他让我把一些火药倒入火箭内，然后另外一个学生点火把它发射出去。Our drifting team will set off after a while.一会儿我们的漂流队伍就要出发了。A gang of boys were setting off fireworks in the street.一帮男孩子正在街上放烟火。set out(to do)着手做；出发；动身set about.(doing)着手做set up创立，成立；创(纪录)set down放下；记下；写下set aside留出，省出；把放在一边She set out to break the world record
106、.她一心努力要打破世界纪录。We need to set about finding a solution.我们需要着手寻找一个解决办法。We try to set aside some money every month.我们每个月都尽量存点钱。【教师备课资源】set sail起航set back推迟，延误set sb.free释放某人set foot in/on到达，进入；参观set forth出发，动身set to开始干起来；开始【对接高考】(2012浙江高考)Armed with the information you have gathered，you can_preparing y
107、our business plan.Aset outBset aboutCset off Dset up【解析】句意：有了你所收集的信息，你可以开始准备你的商业计划了。此题考查动词词组辨析。set about doing sth.开始做某事，符合句意。set out后面要跟动词不定式；set off出发，启程，后面要跟动词不定式或介词，如：“Ill set off early to avoid the traffic jam.”或“Jerry and I set off for the beach on foot.”set up“创立，建立”，后面常跟名词。【答案】B用介词、副词填空When
108、shall we set_the temple?They set_working as soon as they got there.When the sun set _，we went home.Who set_this school?【答案】off/out foraboutdownup8I know that I wasnt a willing student and I_shouldnt_have_been_so_difficult at school，but it was probably because I lacked confidence in myself.(教材P40)我知道
109、我不是一个特别上进的学生，我知道我本来不该这么叛逆，但那也许是因为我太缺乏自信了。(1)should have done sth.意为“本应该做某事而实际未做”，其否定式意为“本不应该做某事而做了”。You should have helped him fully.你本应全力帮助他。He shouldnt have gone there so early.他不该那么早去那里。should have过去分词 有时表示“竟然做”的语气。neednt have过去分词，表示做了不必做的事，相当于“didnt need to do”，意为“其实没必要做”。ought to have过去分词，表示动作按
110、理该发生，但实际上未发生。could have过去分词，表示过去本能够做却未做。He should have done it like that！他竟敢那样做！Its fine today，You neednt have taken the umbrella.今天天气不错，你真没有必要带上雨伞的。You could have handed in your homework on time.你本能按时交上作业的。 【教师备课资源】其他“情态动词have done”结构聚集：must have done一定做了(对过去的肯定情况把握较大的推测)cant have done不可能做了(对过去的否定情
111、况把握较大的推测)might have done本可能做而没有做(表示责备、惋惜之情)；可能已经做了(对过去的情况进行推测)may have done可能已经做了(对过去情况的推测)【对接高考】 (2012北京高考)We_the difficulty together，but why didnt you tell me?Ashould face Bmight faceCcould have faced Dmust have faced【解析】句意：我们本来可以一起面对困难的，但是为什么你不告诉我？本题考查情态动词表可能性。根据题干中didnt 可知语境为过去，空格处表示“本来能够”，故选择C项
112、。A项和B项的时态与语境不符；D项表示对过去事情的肯定推测，语气过于肯定，与句意不符。【答案】C完成句子你本该昨天把这项任务完成的。You_this task yesterday.你本没必要把这件事告诉她的。You _ her the thing.【答案】should have finishedneednt have told(2)lack v& n. 缺乏；没有We never lack food and clothing if were willing to work.如果我们愿意工作，就不会缺吃少穿。But they could not finish their work because
113、 they lacked money.但是因为缺钱，他们无法完成这一项工作。for lack of因缺乏have no lack of不缺乏lack for缺乏be lacking in缺乏(a) lack of.缺乏They lacked for nothing.他们无所需求。The child seems to be lacking in intelligence.这孩子似乎智力低下。Lack of job opportunities results in severe unemployment.工作机会的缺乏导致严重的失业现象。【对接高考】(2010福建高考)More and more
114、highrise buildings have been built in big cities _space.Ain search of Bin place ofCfor lack of Dfor fear of【解析】句意“因为缺乏空间，在城市里越来越多的高层建筑被建起来了。”“in search of表示“寻找”，in place of表示“代替”，for lack of表示“因缺乏”，for fear of表示“害怕”。【答案】C用lack的短语填空She showed_humor.He cannot buy it_money.He_responsibility.【答案】a lack
115、offor lack oflacks/is lacking in9access n接近或进入之路The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to childrens minds when they are open and eager to learn.(教材P40)一个老师的职责就是当孩子们渴望学习时你能够进入他们的内心(理解他们)。Only high officials had access to the president.只有高级官员才有机会见到总统。There is no access to the street t
116、hrough that door.那个门不通向大街。access ton. 通往的入口have/get/gain access to拥有使用/接近的机会give(sb.)access to准许(某人)使用或见accessible adj.可接近的；可进入的；可使用的be accessible to sb.某人可接近/使用/进入You can easily get access to him.你能很容易接近他。The court gave him access to his child at weekends.法庭准许他周末看看孩子。The only access to that cottage
117、 is across the farmland.到达农舍的唯一通路是穿过农田。完成句子他们无法获得干净的水和食物。They dont_clean water and food.大部分的学校都使用计算机和互联网。Most schools_computers and the Internet.【答案】have access tohave access to10worthwhile adj.值得努力的And if what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult，then I k
118、now what Im doing is worthwhile.(教材P40)作为老师如果我所做的能够帮助一个像格雷厄姆这样的孩子变成如此成功的成年人，那么我知道我所做的一切都是值得的。The smile on her face made it all worthwhile.她脸上的笑容使得这一切都非常值得。And youll meet people who make you feel worthwhile again.你会再次遇到你觉得值得你付出的人。You ought to spend more of your time on some worthwhile reading.你应该多花点时
119、间做些有价值的阅读。worthwhile/worth/worthyworthwhileIt is worthwhile doing/to do sth.值得做某事worthbe worth doing.值得被做be worth sth.值得worthybe worthy ofn.值得be worthy of being done某事值得被做be worthy to be done某事值得被做It is worthwhile to discuss the plan again.这个计划值得再讨论一次。If a thing is worth doing，it is worth doing well
120、.如果一件事情值得你去做，那么也值得你去把它做好。His behaviour is worthy of great praise.His behaviour is worthy of being praised.His behaviour is worthy to be praised.他的行为应该受到高度赞扬。用worthwhile，worth，worthy填空The film is so moving that it is_seeing again.His achievements are_of record.Teaching is considered a_job in many cou
121、ntries.【答案】worthworthyworthwhile观察下列从Reading中选取的句子，体会虚拟语气在其他从句中的应用。I wish I was successful with all my students as I was with Graham.My wife often wishes that I had_chosen a job with less stress but I love what I do.自我总结1wish后常接宾语从句，从句一般用_语气，表示一种不可能实现的_。2如果从句表示与现在事实情况相反，则谓语动词用_，be 的形式用_但在单数人称中也可用was
122、；与过去事实情况相反，则谓语动词用_。【答案】1.虚拟；愿望2.过去时；were；过去完成时虚拟语气一、虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用1用于宾语从句中(1)wish后面的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，表示一种不可能实现的愿望。其谓语动词的构成形式为：I wish (that) I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky.我多么希望我是一只小鸟，能在空中自由地飞翔。I wish (that) I had met that film star yesterday.我多么希望我昨天碰到了那个电影明星。(2)用于表示建议、愿望、命令等词后的宾语从句中，常见的动词
123、有：demand，order，require，insist，suggest，propose，advise等。宾语从句中的虚拟语气结构为“should动词原形”，should可以省略。He suggested that we (should) start off early the next day.他建议我们明天早点出发。The doctor ordered that the patient (should) be sent to hospital without delay.医生命令不要延误，马上送病人到医院。They insisted that the boy (should) go wi
124、th them.他们坚持要那个男孩和他们一起去。(3)在would rather后的宾语从句中，也用虚拟语气，其谓语动词用过去式。I would rather they didnt hear of the news.我宁愿他们没听到这个消息。(4)当suggest表示“暗示，表明”之意，insist表示“坚持认为”之意时，suggest/insist后的宾语从句谓语动词不使用虚拟语气形式，而使用陈述语气形式。The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work.他脸上的微笑表明他对我们的工作很满意。The man
125、 insisted that he had never stolen the money.那个人坚持说他从来没有偷过钱。2用于主语从句中It is desired/suggested/proposed/necessary/important/strange/natural/a pity/essentialthat从句，从句中的谓语动词用“should动词原形”，should可以省略。It is suggested that the meeting should be put off till next week.大家建议把会议推迟到下周。It is strange that he should
126、 have acted toward his parents like that.很奇怪，他竟然那样对待他的父母。(act动作在主句谓语动词is动作之前，要用should have过去分词)注意以上句式也可以用陈述语气。Its strange that he didnt come yesterday.真奇怪，他昨天没来。Its a pity that you cant dance.真遗憾，你不能跳舞。3用于表语从句和同位语从句中在suggestion，proposal，order，plan，idea，request，advice等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中要用虚拟语气。其构成是“shoul
127、d动词原形”。My idea is that we should think it over before accepting the plan.我的意见是我们接受这个计划之前应三思。We all agreed to his suggestion that we should go to Dalian for sightseeing.我们都同意他的建议，应去大连旅游。二、as if/as though用在虚拟语气中如果as if引导的从句谓语动词与主句谓语动词所表达的动作同时发生，as if从句用过去时；如果as if从句谓语动词先于主句谓语动词，as if从句谓语动词用过去完成时；如果as
128、if从句谓语动词后于主句谓语动词，as if从句用过去将来时。He looks as if he were an artist.(同时)他看起来好像是个艺术家。She speaks English so fluently as if she had studied English in America.(先于)她的英语说得如此流利，好像她在美国学过英语似的。三、虚拟语气用于定语从句中It is (high) time (that).句型中，定语从句的谓语动词用过去式或should动词原形(其中should不能省略)。此句型意为“(现在)该”，用来提议。It is (high) time tha
129、t you went to school.该是你上学的时间了。It is (high) time that we should start out.我们该出发了。四、用于if only引导的感叹句中If only I were a flying bird!How I wish I were a flying bird!如果我是一只能飞的鸟多好啊！If only I had seen the film!How I wish I had seen the film!多么希望我已看了那部电影！(对应学生用书第65页).单项填空1How I wish every family_a large hous
130、e with a beautiful garden.AhasBhadCwill have Dhad had【解析】句意：我多希望每个家庭都能有一所带有美丽花园的房子。wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，故排除A和C；该句谈的是现在的愿望，从句应用一般过去时，所以选B。【答案】B2He suggests we_to the cinema at once，otherwise we _late.Amust go；are Bgo；will beCwill go；will be Dwould go；are【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：他建议我们马上去看电影，否则我们就迟到了。suggest“建议”，其后的宾语
131、从句中谓语为should动词原形，should可以省略；otherwise后的句子表示很可能发生的事情，用陈述语气，所以使用将来时。【答案】B3What courses are you going to take next term?I dont know. But its about time_on something.AId decide BI decidedCI decide DIm deciding【解析】Its (high/about) time.后面的从句的谓语动词通常用过去式。【答案】B4He looked as if he_the answer.Aknew Bhad known
132、Cknows Dhas known【解析】句意：他看上去好像已经知道答案了。as if引导状语从句时常用虚拟语气，从句先于主句发生，从句用过去完成时。【答案】B5Robert wishes that he_business instead of history when he was in university.Astudies BstudiedChas studied Dhad studied【解析】此题表示的是与过去事实相反的情况，wish后的宾语从句中的谓语动词要用过去完成式，所以用had studied。【答案】D6It was a pity that you missed the f
133、amous star yesterday.If only I_to my hometown!Adidnt return Bhadnt returnedCshouldnt return Dwouldnt return【解析】本题考查if only引导的与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，因此用过去完成时。【答案】B7It is strongly suggested that measures_students to cheat in the exams.Abe taken to prevent Bbe taken to forbidCare taken to prevent Dare taken to f
134、orbid【解析】句意：强烈建议采取措施禁止学生考试作弊。suggest作“建议”讲，从句应使用虚拟语气，谓语动词要用should动词原形或把should省略，由此排除C、D两项；prevent的用法是prevent sb.from doing sth.，与题意不符。而forbid的用法是forbid sb.to do sth.，符合题意。【答案】B8Tom recommended me that I_accept the invitation.Acould BmustCshould Dmight【解析】recommend后面的宾语从句的谓语动词要使用虚拟语气，即should动词原形或者只用动
135、词原形。因此C项为正确答案。【答案】C9Do you mind if I keep pets in this building?_.AId rather you didnt，actuallyBOf course not.Its not allowed hereCGreat！I love petsDNo，you cant 【解析】句意：你介意我在这幢楼里养宠物吗？实际上，我宁愿你别这样做。这里考查would rather后接宾语从句的时候要用虚拟语气，注意：would rather后的从句的谓语动词用过去式。B选项自相矛盾，应排除；C、D两项答非所问。【答案】A10It is required
136、that every student _a foreign language before going abroad.Alearn BlearnsCwill learn Dshould have learnt【解析】that引导的名词性从句，前面有表示“建议，要求，命令”等意思的动词、名词或过去分词时，that从句用虚拟语气should do，should可以省略。【答案】A.用所给词的适当形式填空1We demanded that we _(inform) of any change in the plan.2Its necessary that he _(have) a recognize
137、d qualification.3Its high time we _(turn) our attention to this problem.4If only you _(not tell) him what I said！Everything would have been all right.5It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios _(not play)after 11 oclock at night.6You dont have to be in such a hurry.I would rather
138、you _(go)on business first.7It is important that enough money _(collect) to fund the project.8I wish I _(sleep) longer this morning，but I had to get up and come to class.【答案】1.(should) be informed2.(should) have3turned4.hadnt told5.(should)not be played6.went7.(should) be collected8.could have slept
139、Period Understanding & Communication Workshop(教师用书独具)教学目标1掌握本学案中所给出的词汇，能够理解并能熟练运用。2理解课文。3能够根据课文内容安排，培养学生对课文的理解和听、说、读、写能力。4掌握写情景作文的方法。教学地位本单元课时的内容是通过对文章的理解让学生了解师生关系以及师生教与学的关系。通过对课文的理解与仿写掌握对情景作文的写作方法。(教师用书独具)新课导入建议我们都生活在一个科学技术快速发展，知识更新迅速的社会，人们在各种各样的工作领域中通过不断学习新知识以适应当前社会发展。那么我们就通过对本文的学习，了解一下伟人对学习是怎样理解的
140、。教学流程设计(对应学生用书第66页).判断正误阅读P43课文，判断句子正误1We usually find answers through the Internet.()2In the 17th century，people believe Galieo Galilei and his idea.()3Aristotle thought the earth is still.()【答案】13TFT.语篇理解阅读P4243课文，选择最佳选项1What is the first step to acquire knowledge and understanding？()ATo find answ
141、ers.BTo test answers.CTo put forward questions.2Who solve/solved problems by thinking and analyzing according to the passage？()APeople nowadays.BPeople in the 17th century.CModern scientists and thinkers.3Whats the main idea of the sentence“All truths are easy to understand once they are discovered;
142、 the point is to discover them.”？()AAll truths are easy to discover.BIts most important to discover truths.CIts more important to understand truths than to discover them.【答案】13CCB(对应学生用书第67页)1acquire vt.获得；得到It seems obvious now how we acquire knowledge and understanding.(P42)我们如何获取知识和理解现在似乎显而易见。She
143、 has acquired a good knowledge of English.她英语已经学得很好。He has acquired a reputation for honesty.他得到了诚实的名声。acquire/obtain/gain/attainacquire指经过不懈努力才获得的技术、知识等抽象的东西，也指养成习惯等。obtain指经过努力或付出代价或经过很长时间得到所需要的东西。gain指需要做出比obtain更大的努力，往往指通过竞争获得某些有价值的东西。attain正式用语，指经过艰苦努力才使人达到完美境地。Through reading books can acquire
144、 knowledge.通过读书可以增长知识。You can obtain this information on the Internet.你可以从因特网上获得这一信息。I hope you will gain greater success.我希望你将会获得更大的成功。Can you attain the goal you have set?你们是否能够达到你们设定的目标？用acquire，obtain，gain，attain的适当形式填空He_the property with a bank loan.An investor_by buying stocks that go up in v
145、alue.It is through learning that the individual_many habitual ways of reacting to situations.The salesperson_his sales goal for the month.【答案】obtainedgainsacquiresattained2be accustomed to习惯于Although today we are more accustomed to typing a few key words into a search engine and waiting for the Inte
146、rnet to spit the answer out for us.(教材P42)虽然今天我们更习惯于在一个搜索引擎里打出几个关键词，然后等待互联网为我们显示答案One grows to like that one is accustomed to.人渐渐会喜欢所习惯的事物。No one wishes to deal with a person who is accustomed to breaking his word.谁也不愿意与习惯于食言的人打交道。He is accustomed to hearing noise，because he lives right in the cente
147、r of the city.他住在市中心，所以已经习惯于噪音了。be/get(become/grow)accustomed to对(变得)习惯了；习惯于accustomed adj.通常的；习惯的accustom vt.使习惯accustom sb./oneself to.使某人/自己习惯于custom n习惯；风俗；惯例My eyes slowly grew accustomed to the dark.我的眼睛慢慢适应了黑暗。These people accustomed themselves to hard work.这些人使自己习惯于艰苦的工作。【提示】短语be accustomed
148、to中的to为介词，所以后接名词、代词或动词的ing形式。 【教师备课资源】英语中，常见的动词词组中to为介词的有：object to(反对)，devote.to.(把献给)，look forward to(盼望)，pay attention to(注意)，be used to(习惯于)，be/become addicted to(沉溺于)，adjust to(适应于)，stick to(坚持)，get down to(开始)，lead to(导致，通向)。完成句子你必须使自己习惯于早起。You must_getting up early.他们很快习惯了这儿的生活。They_the life
149、here very quickly.【答案】accustom yourself towere accustomed to3The church and many people tended_to ignore the facts and were unwilling to challenge what they had always comfortably believed.(教材P42)教会和许多人经常忽视事实，不愿意去挑战他们一直舒舒服服所相信的一切。(1)tend to往往会；倾向于The happiest tend to say they enjoy serving others in
150、 some capacity.最快乐的人们往往说喜欢适当尽力帮助他人。I tend to go to bed earlier during the winter.我在冬天常常睡得比较早。Women tend to impart their secrets to their intimate friends.女人往往喜欢把秘密向她们的好友吐露。tend vt.(take care of/look after)照管；护理tend to do sth.有做某事的倾向；有做某事的趋势tend to/towards sth.朝某方向tendency n倾向；趋势have a tendency to do
151、 sth.有做某事的倾向I tend to go bed late and get up early in summer.夏天我往往睡得晚起得早。The sort of music I hear varies，but tends to/towards popular music.我所听的音乐种类很多，但是倾向于流行音乐。I have a tendency to talk too much when Im nervous.我紧张时总爱唠叨。完成句子His view_(趋于)the extreme.The doctors and nurses are busy_(照顾伤员)You will_(有的
152、倾向)to put on weight.【答案】tends to/towardstending to the injuredhave a tendency(2)ignore vt.忽视，不理会；不顾I said hello to her，but she ignored me completely.我向她打招呼，可是她根本不理我。He ignored the speed limit and drove very fast.他不顾时速限制，把车开得飞快。ignorant adj.(对某事物)不了解的；无知的be ignorant of/about sth.不知道/没有意识到某事ignorance
153、n无知；愚昧；不知道be in ignorance of/about sth.不知道某事Im ignorant of/about politics.我不喜欢政治。Do you mean you were in complete ignorance of the fact?你是说这件事你完全不知情？用ignore，ignorant填空Many people in a city are often_of farm life.In fact，the participation of kids should not be_to be development of community.【答案】ignor
154、antignored4It_is_not_surprising_that people wanted to believe these ancient views as they had been put forward by the great philosopher Aristotle(384322 BC)(教材P42)因为这些观点是伟大的哲学家亚里士多德(384322 BC)提出来的，人们愿意相信这些古老的观点，这也不足为奇。It isadj.that.，在该句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。用于该句型的常见形容词有：necessary，strange，clear
155、，possible，natural，important，likely，obvious等。It is impossible that he will be here in time.他不可能会及时到这儿。It is surprising that nobody knows where he has gone.很奇怪没有人知道他去哪儿。Itbe过去分词that.(常见的过去分词有：said，reported，believed，supposed，ordered，(well)known，suggested.)It不及物动词that.(常见的不及物动词(短语)：seem，appear，happen，tu
156、rn out，occur to.)Itbe名词短语that.(常见的名词短语有：a pity，a fact，a wonder，a surprise，no wonder.)It was said that he had won the first prize.据说他赢得了一等奖。It happened that we were all out that day.碰巧那天我们都不在家。It is a pity that you didnt come in time.很遗憾你没有及时到达。完成句子据说这部小说已经被翻译成了外语。_ the novel has been translated into
157、 foreign languages.我们买一本汉英词典是有必要的。_we should buy a ChineseEnglish dictionary.【答案】It is said thatIt is necessary that5At first，people approved_of his studies and urged him to continue，but later when he proved Aristotle wrong，they grew angry and put him in prison.(教材P42)起初，人们赞同他的研究并鼓励他继续进行，但是当他证实亚里士多德
158、的观点是错误的时候，人们就生气了，把他关进了监狱。(1)approve of 赞成；赞许Dont expect him to approve of your plan straight away.别指望他会马上同意你的计划。Her father will never approve of her marriage to you.她父亲永远不会同意她和你结婚。approving adj.造成的，同意的approval n赞成，同意；批准，认可in approval同意(常作状语)give ones approval to批准win ones approval得到某人的赞同The governme
159、nt gave approval to the project.政府批准了那个计划。My plan met with his approval.我的计划得到他的认可。完成句子他的父母很赞同他去英国深造的想法。His parents quite _his idea of having further study in Britain.建筑计划已经被经理批准，下个月开始实施。The building plan has _by the manager and will be _next month.【答案】approved ofbeen approved；carried out(2)urge vt.
160、力劝，强烈要求 n冲动；强烈的欲望She controlled the urge to throw herself into his arms and have a good cry.她抑制住了扑入他怀里大哭一场的冲动。I strongly urge you to give up smoking.我力劝你戒烟。We must urge that delegates be elected from the various factories.我们强烈要求代表由各个工厂选出来。urge sb.to do sth.督促某人做某事urge sth.on/upon sb.向某人强调某事urge sb./
161、sth.on催促某人/某物前进urge sb.into doing sth.催促某人做某事urge that.极力主张，强调从句谓语动词用“(should动词原形)”They urged us to go at once.他们催促我们马上去。My friends urged that I (should) apply for the job.朋友力劝我申请那份工作。The situation is dangerous，but the UN is urging caution on it.局势岌岌可危，但联合国力主谨慎行事。【教师备课资源】urgency n紧急，急迫urgent adj.紧急的
162、；急切的；坚持要求的It is urgent that.是紧急的。(从句谓语用“should动词原形”，should可省去)一句多译他们敦促我们给予支持。They _our support.They _our support.They _that _our support.【答案】urged us to give/urged that we giveurged our givingurged；we should give6inspire v鼓舞，鼓励；给(某人)创作灵感But even though Aristotle was a great man who inspired many gre
163、at scientists and philosophers after him，he was wrong at times.(教材P43)但是即使是亚里士多德这样一位鼓舞了许多后继的科学家和哲学家的伟大人物，有时也会出错的。His speech inspired us.他的发言鼓舞了我们。The beautiful scenery inspired the composer.美丽的景色激发了作曲家的灵感。激励/鼓舞某人inspire sb.to do sth.激励某人做某事inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；激动的；启发灵感的inspired adj.能力卓越的；借助于灵感创作的insp
164、iration n灵感The teacher inspired us to make greater efforts.老师激励我们要更加努力。The news inspired us with courage.那消息给了我们勇气。Dreams can be a rich source of inspiration for an artist.梦境可以成为艺术家灵感的丰富源泉。用inspire的适当形式填空What he said was _.We were _by what he said._by the sunny weather，I decided to explore the woods
165、.He has always been a source of _for me.【答案】inspiringinspiredInspiredinspiration7These men knew that knowledge and understanding are things to fight for；more vital to a man，and more beneficial to mankind，some might say，than all the money in the world.(教材P43)这些人懂得，知识和理解是要奋斗的事情，有些人(甚至)可能认为，对个人或人类来说，它们
166、比世界上所有的金钱都重要和有益。(1)vital adj.极其重要的Reading is of vital importance in language learning.阅读在语言学习中至关重要。Regular exercise is vital for your health.定期锻炼对你的健康极其重要。be vital to/for对极为重要Its vital to do sth.做某事极其重要Its vital that.至关重要(should动词原形，should可省略)。【提示】vital可用作定语和表语。用作表语时，后面可接介词for或to引起的短语，表示“对极其重要”。【对接高
167、考】(2012安徽高考)Interest as_ to learning as the ability to understand ，even more so.AvitalBavailableCspecific Dsimilar【解析】句意：兴趣对于学习来说，如同理解能力一样重要，甚至更重要。根据句意可知，应用vital。be vital to.意为“对极其重要”。【答案】A完成句子每人都受到良好的教育，这是极其重要的。_everyone(should)receive good education.诚实地对待我们的朋友极其重要。It_ be honest with our friends.【答
168、案】It is vital thatis vital to(2)beneficial adj. 有用的；有益的Fresh air is beneficial to our health.新鲜空气有益于我们的健康。It would be beneficial to keep abreast of developments in Asia.跟上亚洲形势的发展会有帮助。be beneficial to对有益benefit v有益于；n.好处；利益be of benefit to对有好处for the benefit of为了的利益benefit from/by从中受益benefit sb.对某人有益
169、The developing and progressing of China are beneficial to human civilization.中国的发展和进步有利于人类文明。I hope your holiday will benefit you.我希望你的假期会对你有益。The money is to be used for the benefit of the poor.该款项将用于救助贫困居民。完成句子阳光和水分有益于生物。Sunshine and moisture_living things.我相信大家都会从这个活动中获益良多。I am sure everyone will
170、_this activity.【答案】are beneficial tobenefit a lot from8assume vt.假定，假设；承担(责任)Why did Aristotle assume that the sun moved around the Earth？(教材P43)为什么亚里士多德认为太阳绕着地球转？We cant assume anything in this case.在这种情况下我们不可能做出假设。I assume his intentions are questionable.我假定他的意图是可疑的。assume that.认为/假定assumen.(to be
171、)n./adj.认为是It is (generally) assumed that.人们(普遍)认为I assume that you have heard the news.我想你已听到了这个消息。I assume him(to be) an honest man.我认为他是个诚实的人。It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.人们普遍认为，紧张是工作过重所致。【教师备课资源】assumption n假定，假设make assumptions about.假定on the assumption that.假定
172、assuming(that).supposing (that). 假定完成句子I_(本以为他是教师)I didnt see your car，so I_(以为你出去了)The court_(承担责任)for the girls welfare.【答案】had assumed him(to be)a teacherassumed that youd gone outassumed responsibility9adapt vt.使适应(教材P44)These insects adapted themselves quickly to new environments.这些昆虫很快使自己适应了新环
173、境。They have been tightening their belts for months，adapting themselves to the crisis.他们几个月来一直勒紧裤带过日子，以使自己适应此次危机。adapt to适应，适合adapt.to.使适应或适合adapt.from.根据改编或改写adapt.for.改编或改作之用adapt oneself to使自己适应或习惯于We must adapt our thinking to the new conditions.我们必须使自己的思想适应新的情况。This TV play was adapted from a hi
174、storical novel.这部电视剧改编自一部历史小说。Most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people.这些工具多数已经过特别改装，供残疾人使用。【提示】adapt to短语中的to为介词，后面跟名词或动名词。用适当的介词填空The film is adapted _a novel written by Lisa See.This book is adapted_most of the beginners.When you go to a new country，you must adap
175、t yourself _the new customs.【答案】fromforto10in conclusion 总之；最后In conclusion，I think my school would have a good variety of activitiessomething for everyone.(教材P45)总之，我认为我理想中的学校应该有大量的活动适合大家的某些活动。In conclusion，Id like to say how much Ive enjoyed staying here.总之，我要说的是我在这儿过得很愉快。In conclusion，I would lik
176、e to thank my husband.最后，我想要感谢我的丈夫。bring.to a conclusion使结束come to a conclusionarrive at a conclusiondraw/reach a conclusionmake a conclusion下结论；得出结论conclude v断定；得出结论It was concluded that.结论是We all came to/arrived at the conclusion that the room must have been empty at that time.我们大家得到的结论是：那个房间当时一定是
177、空着的。It was concluded that this was a true story.结论是，这是一个真实的故事。完成句子I have _to the conclusion that he is dishonest.It will take some time _the correct conclusion.We can _some conclusions from our discussion.【答案】cometo reachdraw情景作文的写作本单元的写作要求是写情景作文。此类作文要求就某一话题或现象表达观点和看法，所以在写作过程中首先要做到认真审题。弄清楚要写的内容是什么，然
178、后依据文章所涉及的话题正确表达自己的观点和看法。其次，写好开头语，如：Its wellknown that.众所周知；As far as we know. 据我们所知；frankly speaking坦白地说；generally speaking一般来说；in my opinion我认为，依我看。还要用好过渡语，增强连贯性，如：however，therefore，otherwise，whats more，moreover，on one hand，on the other hand，besides，in addition，in other words等等。最后要注意结尾。常用的结束语有：abov
179、e all最重要的是；all in all总的来说；in a word总而言之；as a result结果；as a matter of fact实事上；in short/brief简而言之；in conclusion最后；in summary总之；in general总之；in the end最后；to sum up概括地说；In my opinion，I am in favour of.在我看来，我赞同。随着人们生活水平日益提高和手机收费不断降价，手机已经成为人们日常生活中的必需品，也开始大量涌入中学校园。由此引发一场观念碰撞：中学生该不该带手机？请你围绕“Is it necessary
180、for a middle school student to carry a mobile phone？”这个问题，参考所给要点，写一篇英语短文。要点：1.带手机的好处；2带手机的不利因素；3我的观点。注意：1.词数：120字左右，短文开头已给出(不计入总词数)2参考词汇：convenient方便的the electric wave radiation电波辐射思路点拨这是一篇议论文，主要针对中学生是否应该带手机这个问题展开讨论，主要论述两种不同的观点，注意论述观点应该明确，论据充分。文章分三个部分：开篇点题两种观点正反对比个人观点。第一部分随着社会发展，学生手机使用的普遍性。第二部分对学生在校
181、园中是否该带手机的正反两种观点的论述。第三部分个人对学生是否带手机的辩证看法。词汇热身1现在，当今_2对有害_3干扰，扰乱_4在做某事方面花费_5也，又，还_6发短信_【答案】1.nowadays2.be harmful to/do harm to3.interrupt4.spend.(in)doing sth.5.as well as5.send short messages句式温习1据说，在我国手机用户已有500多万。_there are more than 500 million mobile users in our country.2如果在学校有突发事故，我们拨打手机求救比较便捷。_
182、，it is much quicker for us to dial for help.3最重要的是电波辐射，被认为对手机用户的大脑有害。The most serious is the electric wave radiation_.4学生可能花大量的时间用在玩游戏和发信息上。Students may _in the mobile phone as well as sending short messages.【答案】1.It is said that/As is said2.If there is a sudden accident at school3.which is thought
183、to be harmful to user brain.4.spend a lot of time playing games 连句成篇_【参考范文】Nowadays mobile phones are becoming more and more popular in China.As is said，there are more than 500 million mobile users in our country.Sometimes you can even see students using them.Mobile phones have brought people a lot
184、of benefits，but the most important is that they are convenient.If there is a sudden accident at school，it is much quicker for us to dial for help.However，mobile phones can also bring people problems.The most serious is the electric wave radiation which is thought to be harmful to users brain.Another
185、 problem is that when we are having a lesson，the ring of the mobile phone may interrupt us.Last but not least，students may spend a lot of time playing games in the mobile phone as well as sending short messages.In my opinion，because there are more disadvantages than advantages，it is not necessary fo
186、r us students to carry a mobile phone at school.Period Culture Corner & Bulletin Board(对应学生用书第72页)1provide vt.提供；供给It is provided by two kinds of schools：government and private.(教材P46)它是由两种学校提供的：公立的和私立的。Its the parents role to provide that protection.提供那样的保护是父母的义务。Our country has provided many good
187、policies for peasants.我国已经给农民提供了许多好政策。provide sb.with sth.给某人提供某物provide sth.for/to sb.给某人提供某物provide for养活；提供生活所需provide against预防They provided food and clothes for us.(They provided us with food and clothes)他们给我们提供了食物和衣服。He has to provide for the large family.他得养活这一家人。【提示】provided和providing用作连词，意为
188、“倘若，在条件下”，不用在虚拟条件句中，常与that连用。完成句子将来外太空也许能给我们提供新的能源。In the future outer space might _us_new energy sources.我们最好做好防震准备。Wed better_an earth quake.【答案】provide；withprovide against2instead adv.代替；相反Instead they learn how to play with other children in preparation for school.(教材P46)相反，他们要学会怎样和其他孩子玩，以便为上学做准
189、备。Having planned to drive，we walked instead.我们以步行代替了先前计划好的驾车。We ordered chicken instead of fish.我们点了鸡肉而没点鱼。Well have tea in the garden instead of in the house.我们将在花园里喝茶，而不是在房子里。instead可单独作状语或与介词of连用为instead of，在instead of后面可接名词、代词、名词，还可接和前面对等的形容词、副词和介词短语等。【对接高考】(2011天津高考)The young man couldnt afford
190、 a new car._，he bought a used one.ABesidesBOtherwiseCInstead DStill【解析】句意“这个年轻人买不起一辆新车。相反，他买了辆二手车”。besides此外，表示语意上的递进；otherwise否则；instead相反，取而代之；still仍旧。【答案】C用instead和instead of填空I worried that_making money，I would end up owing it.I didnt take a taxi，I went on foot_.【答案】instead ofinstead3design vt.&
191、 n设计；计划；谋划These courses are less academic and are designed to train students for a specific career.(教材P46)这些课程专业性不太强，它们是为培训学生寻求某种特殊职业而设计的。She designs clothes for the singer.她为这位歌手设计服装。This room is of an excellent design.这间房子的布局很好。design.for.打算做用be designed for.打算为design sth.to do sth.为了做某事而设计by desi
192、gn故意地，有计划地This room is designed for children.这个房间是为儿童设计的。The programme is designed to help people who have been out of work for a long time.这项计划的目的是为长期失业者提供帮助。Do you think the house was burnt down by accident or by design?你认为这房子是意外烧毁还是有人故意放火的？【对接高考】(2011上海高考)A lot of people often forget that oral ex
193、ams_to test our communicative ability.Adesign Bare designedCare designing Dare being designed【解析】句意：很多人经常忘记设计口语测试是用来检测我们的交际能力的。oral exams与design的关系为被动，故选B。【答案】B完成句子这些手套是为严寒地区设计的。The gloves _ extremely cold climates.我们不知道那是偶然的还是故意的。We dont know if it was done by accident or _.【答案】were designed forby
194、design4one in three三分之一.and about one in three people now go to university.(教材P46)现在有大约三分之一的人读大学。One in three students in our class are boys.我们班级男生占三分之一。英语中分数的表达方式有：分子用基数词，分母用序数词；当分子是一时，分母用单数；当分子大于一时，分母要用复数，如：one fourth四分之一，three fourths四分之三。用“基数词介词基数词”表示：借助介词表示分数，介词前的数词是分子，介词后的数词是分母。这种结构中的介词主要有in和o
195、ut of。如：one in/out of four四分之一。About two thirds of students in our class are nearsighted.我们班三分之二的学生近视。He has finished three in four his homework.他已完成作业的四分之三。【提示】1/4和3/4可以说a (one) fourth和three fourths，但常用a quarter和three quarters表示。分数修饰名词时，若该名词是不可数名词只能用单数；若是可数名词，用单数或复数视其所表达的单复数含义而定。但是，若它们在句子中作主语，则谓语动词
196、是用单数还是复数取决于名词，即与分数所修饰的名词保持一致。完成句子氧气只占空气的五分之一。_consists of oxygen.大约三分之二的学生参加了会议。About_attend the meeting.【答案】Only one fifth of airtwo thirds of the students5To us she is not_only a teacher，but_also a good friend and a loving elder sister.(教材P47)对于我们，她不仅是老师，还是好朋友和可爱的大姐姐。not only.but also.是一个并列连词词组，其意
197、思基本等于“both.and.”，但侧重点放在“but also”上。Franklin was considered not only an inventor，but (also) a statesman.富兰克林不仅被看作为发明家，而且被看作为政治家。Television is not only boring，but it wastes a lot of time as well.电视不仅乏味，而且还浪费许多时间。使用not only.but also.时须注意：not only与but also后面所连接的词的词性必须对等。not only只能连用，而but also既可连用，也可以分开用
198、。not only与but also后面所连接的词作主语时，谓语动词要遵循“就近一致原则”，谓语动词的数应与but also后的名词的数保持一致。not only放在句首，后接句子要用部分倒装。He not only read the book，but also remembered what he had read.他不但读了这本书，而且记得所读的内容。Not only you but also she has to attend the ceremony.不仅你而且她也得参加典礼。They are not only classmates，but they are also partners
199、 in the study.他们不但是同班同学，而且也是学习上的搭档。句型转换He grows vegetables as well as flowers.He grows_flowers_vegetables.He_grows flowers，_grows vegetables.【答案】not only；but alsonot only；but(对应学生用书第73页)单项填空1Not only_a promise, but he also kept it.Ahad he madeBhed makeCdid he make Dhe made【解析】当not only位于句首时，其后的句子要倒装
200、；就本句来说，but前后的时态是一致的，即都用一般过去时。【答案】C2Theyve_us 150,000 for the house. Shall we take it?Aprovided BsuppliedCshown Doffered【解析】此题考查动词辨析。A、B两项后不能接双宾语，C项与题意不符，故答案为D。【答案】D3The experiment_to test the new drug.Ais designed BdesignsCis drawn Dis checked【解析】句意：设计这项实验是为了检测新药。design设计；不定式to test.是表示目的。【答案】A4He d
201、idnt give John the money，but he gave it to me_.Ainstead for Binstead ofCyet Dinstead【解析】句意：他没给约翰钱，但相反却把钱给我了。instead作副词，意为“相反”。【答案】D5_of GDP in our country comes from industry.ATwo third BTwo thirdsCTwo three DSecond three【解析】句意：我国GDP的三分之二来自工业。two thirds为“三分之二”的正确表达形式。【答案】B.立体式复习单词A基础单词1_adj.稳定的；无忧无虑
202、的2_v怀疑3_n现状；社会地位4_v指导；教导5_vt.埋葬6_vt.区别；辨别7_adj.非传统的；另类的8_n名誉，名声9_adj.杰出的，优秀的10_vt.反映，反射11_v误解12_n机会；权利13_adj.值得的14_adj.传统的；保守的15_adj.有用的；有益的【答案】1.secure2.suspect3.status4.instruct5.bury6.distinguish7.alternative8.reputation9.outstanding10.reflect11.misunderstanding12.access13.worthy14.conventional15
203、.beneficialB词汇拓展16_n. 惩罚；处罚_v惩罚；处罚17_vt.获得；得到_n获得；得到的东西18_n保卫；保护_v保卫；防卫19_n假定；假设_vt.假定；假设20_v启发；鼓舞_n启示；灵感_adj.鼓舞人心的_ adj.品质优秀的【答案】16.punishmentpunish17.acquireacquisition18.defencedefend19.assumptionassume20.inspireinspirationinspiringinspired.递进式回顾短语A短语互译1_裁员；解雇2_除之外3_在某种程度上4_使爆炸；引发5_习惯于6_tend to7_
204、approve of8_as a whole9_be beneficial to10_in conclusion【答案】1.lay off2.aside from3.to a certain extent4.set off5.be accustomed to6.往往会，倾向于7赞成，赞许8.总的来说9.对有益的10总之B用上面词组的适当形式填空11If you want to catch that train wed better _for the station immediately.12_，his ideas are valuable.13Children_react against t
205、heir parents by going against their wishes.14He_hearing noise，because he lives right in the centre of the city.15Millions of people have been_in the steel industry.16_being fun and good exercise，swimming is a very useful skill.17Fresh air _our health.18_，there are no excuses.Everyone has the ability
206、 to succeed，so get started now!【答案】11.set off12.To a certain extent13.tend to14is accustomed to15.laid off16.Aside from17.is beneficial to18.In conclusion.仿写式活用句型1It_is_not_surprising_that people wanted to believe these ancient views as they had been put forward by the great philosopher Aristotle(38
207、4322 BC)【句式仿写】可以肯定她会考得很好。_ she will do well in her exam.很可能他把一切都给了她。_ he has given her everything.2Some schools teach how to pass tests so_that the students can go to university.【句式仿写】我租了一条船去钓鱼。I hired a boat _.他关窗子用力很大，结果把玻璃震破了。He shut the window with a great force _.3I felt as_if I had done someth
208、ing wrong!【句式仿写】他看起来像个艺术家。He looks _.她讲英语如此流利，好像她在美国学过英语。She speaks English so fluently _.4Its never too late to learn.【句式仿写】他们非常急切离开。They are _.英语并不难学。English is not _.5I know that I wasnt a willing student and I_shouldnt_have_been_so_difficult at school，but it was probably because I lacked confide
209、nce in myself.【句式仿写】你本应该更仔细地做这个练习。_ more carefully.你本来不必打车来这里的，因为这里离我家很近。_，for it was very near to my house.【答案】1.It is certain thatIt is probable that2so that I could go fishingso that the glass broke3as if he were an artistas if she had studied English in America4.too anxious to leavetoo difficult
210、 to learn5.You ought to/should have done this exerciseYou neednt have taken a taxi here阅读理解之主旨大意题(一)标题选择题标题选择题是主旨大意题的一种，要求给文章选定一个标题，这是高考阅读理解题常考的题型之一。文章的标题要具有概括性，要能最大程度地覆盖全文，概括文章的主要内容，体现文章的主旨。标题还应具备醒目性，能够吸引读者的注意力，唤起读者对文章的阅读兴趣。(2012安徽高考B)1Why is pink or purple a color for girls and blue or brown for b
211、oys?2The answer depends largely on cultural values as well as personal experiences.To the Egyptians，green was a color that represented the hope and joy of spring，while for Muslims，it means heaven.Red is a symbol of good luck in many cultures.In China，children are given money in a red envelope to bri
212、ng good fortune in the New Year.For many nations，blue is a symbol of protection and religious beliefs.Greek people often wear a blue necklace hoping to protect themselves against evils(灾祸)3Peoples choice of colors is also influenced by their bodies reactions(反应)toward them.Green is said to be the mo
213、st restful color.It has the ability to reduce pain and relax people both mentally and physically.People who work in green environments have been found to have fewer stomach aches.4Red can cause a persons blood pressure to rise and increase peoples appetites(食欲)Many decorators will include different
214、shades of red in the restaurant.Similarly，many commercial websites will have a red“Buy Now”button because red is a color that easily catches a persons eye.5Blue is another calming color.Unlike red，blue can cause people to lose appetite.So if you want to eat less，some suggest that eating from blue pl
215、ates can help.6The next time you are deciding on what to wear or what color to decorate your room，think about the color carefully.63Which of the following would be the most proper title for the text?AColors and Human BeingsBThe Cultural Meaning of ColorCColors and Personal ExperiencesDThe Meaning an
216、d Function of Color【解析】D。主旨大意题。全文以green，red，blue等颜色为例阐述了不同颜色的文化意义和作用。A“颜色与人类”，题目过于宽泛；B“颜色的文化意义”没有涵盖颜色的作用，文章从第三段起就主要说明颜色的作用；C“颜色和个人经历”在第二段的首句提到，但是不能涵盖全文的内容。文章第一段以问句开始，以引起读者的兴趣，接着从颜色的文化意义和颜色的作用两个方面展开说明，故答案为D项。解题时关键要抓住文章的首尾段和每一段的首尾句，要注意贯穿文章始终的词语。不同体裁的文章的主题位置不同，比如从新闻报道的第一段就可以知道主题是什么。议论文多是“总分总”的结构，所以首尾段是
217、关键；说明文的解题关键在主题句；记叙文要注意六个要素，即5个W(what，who，where，when，why)和一个H(how)。同时还要注意标题有时用的是省略形式，比如用分词作定语代替定语从句等。The 2012 London Olympics had enough problems to worry about. But one more has just been added a communications blackout caused by solar storms.After a period of calm within the Sun, scientists have de
218、tected the signs of a fresh cycle of sunspots that could peak in 2012, just in time for the arrival of the Olympic torch in London.Now scientists believe that this peak could result in vast solar explosions that could throw billions of tons of charged matter towards the Earth, causing strong solar s
219、torms that could jam the telecommunications satellites and Internet links sending live Olympic broadcast from London.“The Suns activity has a strong influence on the Earth. The Olympics could be in the middle of the next solar maximum which could affect the functions of communications satellites，” s
220、aid Professor Richard Harrison, head of space physics at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in Oxfordshire.75. Which of the following might be the BEST title of the passage?A. Solar Storms: An Invisible KillerB. Solar Storms: Earth Environment in DangerC. Solar Storms: Threatening the Human RaceD. S
221、olar Storms: Human Activities to Be Troubled【解析】D。标题选择题。根据第一段可知本文的话题是Solar Storms，那么该话题的控制性概念是什么呢？A项是“无形的杀手”；B项是“地球环境处于危险中”；C项是“威胁着人类”；D项是“人类活动受到干扰”。文章的主要内容是太阳风暴会影响2012年奥运的通讯系统和网络连接，这应该属于“人类活动”概念，故D项是最佳标题。阅读理解之主旨大意题(二)文章和段落大意题一篇文章或一个段落都会有一个中心，而获取这一中心思想的有效方法就是确定主题句。主题句具有简洁性、概括性的特点，起统领全文的作用，文中的所有事实、细节
222、都是为此中心服务的。主题句的位置常在首段或结尾段。因此，在阅读中，我们要对文章的首段和结尾段及段落的主题句给予特别的关注。有的中心思想隐含在文章中，比如有的故事类文章可能没有主题句，这需要我们对字里行间的事实、细节进行分析、推断和归纳，从而概括出文章大意。(2012安徽高考D)1In Asia，there are special competitions where kites have complex designs and are fitted with instruments that make musical sounds as the wind blows through them.
223、Although all kites have a similar structure(结构)，they are widely different in size and shape.Kitefighting competitions are also held，in which competitors use their kites to attack and bring down their opponents(对手)kites or cut their strings(线)2For more than 15 years，the Big Wind Kite Factory has been
224、 giving kitemaking and kiteflying classes for the children on an island in Hawaii.In its kitemaking lessons，students can make kites in as little as 20 minutes！Children as young as four years old can learn how to fly a kite.Jonathan Socher and his wife Daphne started the kite factory in 1980.Their ki
225、tes are made of nylon(尼龙)Their designs are Hawaiian themes created by Daphne.The designs are cut out of the nylon with a hot knife that seals the edges and then fastened directly onto the kite.3The kite that is used to give lessons is a regular diamond kite with a rainbow pattern.The difference betw
226、een this kite and the ones they make during the lessons is that it is a twostring controllable kite.Big Wind employees fly the kite and for a few minutes show students how pulling on one line and then on the other controls the direction the kite goes in.Then the controls are given to the students.4J
227、onathan insists that it is not necessary to make a huge impressive kite to have fun making and flying kites.Even the simplest structure can work，and can give hours of fun.Go on, give it a try!7What is mainly described in the text?AA kite factory.BKiteflying lessons.CSpecial competitions.DThe kitemak
228、ing process.【解析】A。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了夏威夷岛上的一家风筝工厂在生产风筝的同时，一直坚持给孩子们提供制作风筝和放风筝的课程。文章的第一段起铺垫作用，重点是后文对风筝工厂的介绍。B项“放风筝的课程”，C项“特殊的比赛”，D项“风筝制作过程”，都是文中的细节，不能概括全文。第二、第三、第四段都是对the Big Wind Kite Factory进行描述的。故选A。文章及段落大意题的解题关键在于确定主题句。一般说来，采用归纳法的段落，细节表述在前，归纳概括在后，主题句在段尾；采用演绎法的段落，先提出观点，后举例子，由一般到特殊，主题句出现在段首，较多出现在说明文和议论文中；
229、若作者采用由“特殊一般特殊”的方式，主题句可能出现在段落的中间。有时，作者没有写出明显的主题句，考生要学会根据段落的内容去概括出主题句。(2012江西高考D)1For those who make journeys across the world，the speed of travel today has turned the countries into a series of villages.Distances between them appear no greater to a modern traveler than those which once faced men as t
230、hey walked from village to village.Jet planes fly people from one end of the earth to the other，allowing them a freedom of movement undreamt of a hundred years ago.71What does the writer try to express in Paragraph 1?ATravel by plane has speeded up the growth of villages.BThe speed of modern travel
231、has made distances relatively short.CThe freedom of movement has helped people realize their dreams.DMan has been fond of traveling rather than staying in one place.【解析】B。段落大意题。本段的首句就是主题句，后面通过今昔交通方式的对比说明主题“对于喜欢全世界旅游的人来说，现在的旅行速度使得在国家之间的旅行变得就像在村庄之间旅行那样快”。关键词speed，today，distance等表明B项正确，即作者在第一段是想让读者知道“现代旅行的速度使得距离相对缩短了”。
