1、2014高考英语阅读理解二轮基础精品训练题（27）及答案【2014高考英语广东省梅州市质检试卷】A 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。In October 2010, I left my hometown and family in Virginia and moved to Iowa so I could be coached by Liang Chow. Id been dreaming of an Olympic gold medal since I was eight but gradually, that dream seemed l
2、ike a million miles away. On January 2, 2012, while Mom was visiting me in Iowa, I told her, “I dont like gymnastics anymore. I want to try dancing, or become a singer. I can get a job in Virginia. I just want to come home.” Moms eyes narrowed and her expression turned to stone. “Youre breaking my h
3、eart, Brie,” she said. “Youve been doing gymnastics for ten years, and now you want to quit? Have you lost your mind?”I hadnt lost my mind, but I had lost my fire. Its an entirely different thing to push toward that dream when you feel alone.“Im not trying to break your heart, Mom,” I said. “I just
4、dont want to do it anymore.”“I know you miss home. But youve signed a contract that says you will represent your country to the best of your ability. Youve got a responsibility to your teammates. And now you just want to walk away? I will not let you be dishonorable. If you dont like gymnastics, the
5、n at the very least, you will finish the season.”The next afternoon as I dragged myself into Chows gym, I thought of the efforts Mom had made in order to pay for my training. I thought of my two sisters: Arielle, who gave up ballroom dancing, and Joyelle, who stopped ice skating so that our single m
6、om could afford to keep me in gymnastics.For now, heres what you need to know: Exactly 210 days before I ever attempted my first vault (跳跃) in the London Summer Olympics, my leap of faith came this close to ending in a crash of disaster.26. The author wanted to give up gymnastics because _. A. she t
7、hought she loved music moreB. she was overcome with homesickness C. an Olympic gold was beyond her reachD. the training for the Olympics was too hard 27. How did the authors mother feel on hearing her words? A. Heart-broken. B. Sympathetic. C. Helpless. D. Calm.28. We can infer from the passage that
8、 the author _. A. was born into an athletic family B. realized her Olympic dreamC. changed her mind in the end D. had a bad childhood 29. What would be the best title for the passage? A. A dream come true B. My leap of faith C. My mother D. A quitter30. Who will be interested in the passage?A. A med
9、ical student who will graduate from university. B. A healthcare professional who will give a lecture on cancer.C. A marketing professional who is looking for customers.D. A gymnastic player who wants to give up competition.【参考答案】26-30 BACBD 答案解析：A篇（人文）本文是记叙文。作者因为想家想放弃体操训练，但母亲的一席话让她最终选择了坚持。26. B。细节理解
10、题。根据第二段的I just want to come home，第四段的Its an entirely different thing to push toward that dream when you feel alone和第六段的I know you miss home可知，作者独在异乡，因太想家而产生了放弃的念头。27. A。推理判断题。根据第三段的Moms eyes narrowed and her expression turned to stone和母亲所说的话可以看出，作者半途而废让母亲很伤心。28. C。推理判断题。母亲的话让作者想起家人为她所做出的牺牲。文章最后一段的Ex
11、actly 210 days before I ever attempted my first vault in the London Summer Olympics说明作者改变了最初的想法，选择了坚持。29. B。标题归纳题。作者最初想放弃体操，但最后选择了坚持。B项标题概括了文章的主旨并与文章最后一段的my leap of faith came this close to ending in a crash of disaster呼应。30. D。推理判断题。此题是推断人物对象，作者因为想家想放弃体操训练，但母亲的一席话让她最终选择了坚持，故答案选D项。阅读理解-AMost musicia
12、ns agree that the best violins were made in Italy. They were made in Cremona, Italy, about 200 years ago. These violins sound better than any others. They even sound better than violins made today. Violin makers and scientists try to make instruments like the old Italian violins. But they arent the
13、same. Musicians still prefer the old ones. No one really knows why these old Italian violins are so special, but many people think they have an answer.Some people think it is the age of the violins. They say that todays violins will also sound wonderful someday. But there is a problem here. Not all
14、old violins sound wonderful. Only those from Cremona are special. So age cannot be the answer. There must be something different about Cremona or those Italian violins makers.Other people think the secret to those violins is wood. The wood of the violin is very important. It must be from certain kin
15、ds of the trees. It must not be too young or too old. Perhaps the violin makers of Cremona knew something special about wood for violins.But the kind of wood may not be so important. It may be more important to cut the wood in a special way. Wood for a violin must be cut very carefully. It has to be
16、 the right size and shape. The smallest difference will change the sound of the violin. Musicians sometimes think that this was the secret of the Italians. Maybe they understood more than we do about how to cut the wood.Size and shape may not be the answer either. Scientists measured these old violi
17、ns very carefully. They can make new ones that are exactly the same size and shape. But the new violins still do not sound as good as the old ones. Some scientists think the secret may be the varnish, which covers the wood of the violin and makes it look shiny. It also helps the sound of the instrum
18、ent. No one knows what the Italian violin makers used in their varnish. So no one can make the same varnish today.There may never be other violins like the violins of Cremona. Their secret may be lost forever. Young musicians today hope this is not true. They need fine violins. But there arent very
19、many of the old violins left. Also, the old violins are very expensive. Recently, a famous old Italian violin was sold for about US$300,000!1. This passage is about . A. making violinsB. musical instrumentsC. scientific ideasD. the old Italian voilins答案解析：答案为D。本题为主旨大意题。 第一段最后一句话 “No one really knows
20、 why these old Italian violins are so special, but many people think they have an answer.” 引入话题，为什么古老的意大利小提琴如此特别，很多人认为他们知道答案，后文分别给出了不同人的答案，最后一段对问题的答案进行总结 “There may never be other violins like the violins of Cremona. Their secret may be lost forever.” 意大利小提琴的秘密或许永远消失了，无人知晓。全文都是围绕古老的意大利小提琴展开。故答案为D。2.
21、 The best violins .A. are made with modern techniquesB. were lost many years agoC. were made in Italy 200 years ago D. were made by scientists答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节题。由第一段第一、二句话 “Most musicians agree that the best violins were made in Italy. They were made in Cremona, Italy, about 200 years ago.” 可知，答案为C。3.
22、 Some people think that modern violins .A. will sound better in the futureB. will sound worse in the futureC. sound wonderful and naturalD. will never be as old as those from Cremona答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节题。结合第二段和该段第二句话 “They say that todays violins will also sound wonderful someday.” 可知，一些人认为现代小提琴有一天也会演奏出优
23、美的旋律，故A选项正确。B、C选项与文意不符，D选项未提及。4. Violins made today . A. look the same as the old onesB. sound the same as the old onesC. are better than the old onesD. have the same varnish as the old ones答案解析：答案为A。本题为推理题。由倒数第二段 “They can make new ones that are exactly the same size and shape. But the new violins
24、still do not sound as good as the old ones.” 可知，科学家可以制作出和意大利小提琴一样大小和形状的小提琴，但是新的小提琴音质就是不如意大利小提琴好，故A正确，B、C错误。由该段最后两句话 “No one knows what the Italian violin makers used in their varnish. So no one can make the same varnish today.”可知，D选项错误。阅读理解-BAre you preparing for a big test? If so, you may want to g
25、o play some basketball in between hitting the books. Doctors are starting to find more and more information that suggests a connection between exercise and brain development. Judy Cameron, a scientist at Oregon Health and Science University, studies brain development. According to her research, it s
26、eems that exercise can make blood vessels(血管), including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed. Doctor Cameron is sure that this allows people who exercise to think better. As she says, “ while we already know that exercise is good for the heart, exercise can actually cause physical
27、changes in the brain.”The effects of exercise on brain development can even be seen in babies. Babies who do activities that requires a lot of movement and physical activity show greater brain development than babies who are less physically active. Even a little movement can show big results. Margar
28、et Barnes, a scientist, also believes in the importance of exercise. She thinks that many learning disabilities that children have in primary school or high school can result from a lack of movement as babies. “Babies need movement that encourages and excites their five senses. They need to set up a
29、 connection between motion and memory. In this way, as they get older, children will begin to connect physical activity with higher learning,” says Margaret.Older people can develop their brains as well. Cornell University studied a group of seniors who have a shortterm memory increase of up to 40 p
30、ercent after exercising just three hours a week. The exercise does not have to be very difficult, but it does have to increase the heart rate. Also, just like the motion for babies, exercise for older people should not be too simple. Learning some new skills or actions, such as with yoga or tai-chi
31、helps to open up memory paths in the brain that may not have been used for a long time. For most people, any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful. The main aim is to increase the brains flow of blood. And your brain can benefit from as little as two to three hours of ex
32、ercise a week.1. What is the main idea of this passage?A. How exercise makes people strong.B. How to get good scores on a test.C. How exercise helps the brain.D. How the brain can change. 答案解析：答案为C。本题为主旨大意题。第一段就点出了全文的中心 “According to her research, it seems that exercise can make blood vessels, inclu
33、ding those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed.”，锻炼可以使血管，包括大脑里的血管更结实、发育更好，后面的段落分别对中心进行阐述证明。故答案为C。2. According to the passage, what is the connection between exercise and brain development?A. Exercise helps make our blood vessels.B. Physical exercise helps us think better.C. The brain nee
34、ds special mental exercise.D. The more exercise, the bigger the brain. 答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节推理题。由第一段 “According to her research, it seems that exercise can make blood vessels, including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed. Doctor Cameron is sure that this allows people who exercise to th
35、ink better.” 可知，答案为B。3. The smallest amount of exercise required to gain any benefit is .A. three hours per week B. 40 hours per weekC. three hours per dayD. 40 hours per month答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节题。由最后一段最后一句话 “And your brain can benefit from as little as two to three hours of exercise a week.”可知，答案为A。4.
36、Why is yoga suggested for seniors?A. It does good to the joints of old people.B. It does not increase the heart rate.C. It includes learning new actionsD. It can be done in groups.答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。由最后一段 “Learning some new skills or actions, such as with yoga or tai-chi helps to open up memory paths
37、in the brain that may not have been used for a long time. For most people, any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful.”，可知C选项正确。A、D选项未提及；B选项与文意相反。故答案为C。【2014高考英语广东省梅州市质检试卷】BPeople are being lured (引诱) onto Facebook with the promise of a fun, free service without realizing
38、 theyre paying for it by giving up large amounts of personal information. Facebook then attempts to make money by selling their data to advertisers that want to send targeted messages.Most Facebook users dont realize this is happening. Even if they know what the company is up to, they still have no
39、idea what theyre paying for Facebook because people dont really know what their personal data is worth.The biggest problem, however, is that the company keeps changing the rules. Early on, you keep everything private. That was the great thing about facebookyou could create your own little private ne
40、twork. Last year, the company changed its privacy rules so that many things your city, your photo, your friends nameswere set, by default (默认) to be shared with everyone on the Internet.According to Facebooks vice-president Elliot Schrage, the company is simply making changes to improve its service,
41、 and if people dont share information, they have a “less satisfying experience”.Some critics think this is more about Facebook looking to make more money. Its original business model, which involved selling ads and putting them at the side of the page, totally failed.Who wants to look at ads when th
42、eyre online connecting with their friends?The privacy issue has already landed Facebook in hot water in Washington. In April, Senator Charles Schumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policy. He also urged the Federal Trade Commission to set guidelines for social-networking sites. “I think th
43、e senator rightly communicated that we had not been clear about what the new products were and how people could choose to use them or not to use them,” Schrage admits. I suspect that whatever Facebook has done so far to invade our privacy is only the beginning, which is why Im considering deactivati
44、ng(撤销) my account. Facebook is a handy site, but Im upset by the idea that my information is in the hands of people I dont know. Thats too high a price to pay. 31. What do we learn about Facebook from the first paragraph? A. It is a website that sends messages to targeted users. B. It makes money by
45、 putting on advertisements. C. It profits by selling its users personal data. D. It provides loads of information to its users. 32. What does the author say about most Facebook users? A. They are reluctant to give up their personal information. B. They dont know their personal data enriches Facebook
46、. C. They dont identify themselves when using the website. D. They care very little about their personal information. 33. Why does Facebook make changes to its rules according to Elliot Schrage? A. To provide better service to its users. B. To follow the Federal guidelines. C. To improve its users c
47、onnectivity. D. To expand its scope of business. 34. What does Senator Charles Schumer advocate? A. Setting guidelines for advertising on websites. B. Banning the sharing of users personal information. C. Formulating regulations for social-networking sites. D. Removing ads from all social-networking
48、 sites. 35. Why does the author plan to cancel his Facebook account? A. He is dissatisfied with its current service. B. He finds many of its users untrustworthy. C. He doesnt want his personal data abused. D. He is upset by its frequent rule changes.【参考答案】31-35 CB ACC B篇（社交网站）语篇解读: 文章的主题围绕当下很受欢迎的社交网
49、站Facebook，揭露其将用户资料出售给广告商。而大多数用户并未意识到这一点，因为他们并没有意识到个人资料的重要性。作者的态度和立场非常鲜明，并表示考虑注销自己的账户。31. 细节理解题。根据Facebook then attempts to make money by selling their data to advertisers that want to send targeted messages.通过卖用户的信息来挣钱，故选C。32. 细节理解题。根据Facebook then attempts to make money by selling their data to adv
50、ertisers that want to send targeted messages. Most Facebook users dont realize this is happening.故选B33. 细节理解题, 根据the company is simply making changes to improve its service,34. 细节理解题。根据Senator Charles Schumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policy. 故选C35. 细节理解题。根据Im upset by the idea that my information is in the hands of people I dont know. Thats too high a price to pay. 可知作者就是对个人信息泄漏这件事情不满。故选C。
