1、2014高考英语二轮阅读理解基础精品训练题（21）及答案阅读理解-AAn overweight, middle-aged man lies dead on a trolley, with a woman weeping over his body. The body s cold hand still grasps a half-eaten McDonald s hamburger. American doctors TV ad features the image which weakens the slightest of appetites and the line I was lovi
2、n it The hard-hitting US television commercial supported by a Washington-based medical group has angered McDonald s by taking an unusually direct shot at the world s biggest fast-food chain this week. The line is a twist on McDonald s long-standing advertising slogan, Im lovin it” and a voiceover in
3、tones：“High cholesterol, high blood pressure, heart attacks. Tonight, make it vegetarian.” The commercial，funded by the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine ( PCRM ) goes further than most non-profit advertising and has drawn an angry reaction from both the Chicago-based hamburger multinati
4、onal and the broader restaurant industry. The National Restaurant Association criticised it as irresponsible and said it was an attempt to scare the public with a limited” view of nutrition. A McDonald s spokesman said：This commercial is unbearable, misleading and unfair to all consumers. McDonald s
5、 trusts our customers to make food and lifestyle choices that are right for them. ” The commercial，to be aired at the beginning in the Washington area but potentially in fuither US cities, comes amid an increasingly lively debate in the US about healthy eating. The first lady, Michelle Obamarhas mad
6、e nutrition a signature issue and is leading a campaign to encourage physical fitness and improved diets - particularly among American children，a third of whom are overweight. The economic decline has hardly helped the healthy eating cause. McDonald s has enjoyed a relatively prosperous financial cr
7、isis as diners choose its affordable offerings in place of more expensive high-street restaurants. Its global profits for the six months to June were up 12% to $ 2. 3billion, powered by sales rises both in the United States and Britain. The PCRM s director of nutrition education, Susan Levin, made n
8、o apologies for singling out the golden arches(拱门)： “ McDonald s is one of the biggest fast-food chains in the world. Its name and its golden arches are instantly recognisable. We feel we re making a point about all fast food when we talk about McDonald s. ”1. The ad-maker makes a change in the McDo
9、nald s slogan _.A. to warn people of risk of eating fast foodB. to convince people of cause of the deathC. to remind people of the man s preferenceD. to accuse the McDonald s of the murder答案解析：答案为A。由第二段 “The line is a twist on McDonald s long-standing advertising slogan, Im lovin it” and a voiceover
10、 intones: High cholesterol, high blood pressure, heart attacks. Tonight, make it vegetarian.”可知，广告商对麦当劳的标语进行了改变是因为麦当劳的食物含有高胆固醇，它还会导致高血压，心脏病，因此广告商们警告人们吃麦当劳食物的危险，故答案为A。D选项“控告麦当劳谋杀”夸大了广告商的意图，故不选。2. The goal of this passage is to tell us that_.A. the TV commercial goes too farB. people enjoy eating fast
11、 food for its tasteC. Michelle Obama s campaign doesn t workD. McDonald s provides unhealthy food答案解析：答案为D。本题考查文章的写作目的。文章第一、二段介绍了广告商对麦当劳的标语进行了改变，意在警告人们麦当劳食物的危险性，后面的内容介绍了这样的广告惹怒了麦当劳和快餐饮食业，然而这种非盈利的广告还是得到了公众的支持，并且美国第一夫人Michelle Obama也在健康饮食运动中签字，最后一段重申了PCRM总会长Susan Levin的意见，对于打击麦当劳没有任何歉意，快餐食品危害人们的健康。因此，
12、本文的写作目的就是告诉人们麦当劳的食物不健康。A、B、C都与写作目的无关，故不选。3. “The golden arches” in the last paragraph refers to _.A. the lineB. the adC. McDonald sD. fast food答案解析：答案为C。本题为词义猜测题。由最后一段“the golden arches（金色的拱门）”后面的内容 “McDonald s is one of the biggest fast-food chains in the world. Its name and its golden arches are i
13、nstantly recognisable.”可知，“The golden arches”指代的是麦当劳，故答案为C。4. What is the theme of the passage?A. A fierce debate about healthy eatingB. McDonald s targeted in US health adC. A US health ad advocates healthy lifeD. Say goodbye to McDonald s right now答案解析：答案为B。本题考查文章的主题。结合第2题的分析可知，本文的主题是围绕麦当劳成为美国健康饮食
14、广告的打击对象而展开，故答案为B。阅读理解-C42012北京卷 AThe Basics of MathMade ClearBasic Math introduces students to the basic concepts of mathematics, as well as the fundamentals of more tricky areas. These 30 fantastic lectures are designed to provide students with an understanding of arithmetic and to prepare them for
15、 Algebra(代数)and beyond.The lessons in Basic Math cover every basic aspect of arithmetic. They also look into exponents(指数), the order of operations, and square roots. In addition to learning how to perform various mathematical operations, students discover why these operations work, how a particular
16、 mathematical topic relates to other branches of mathematics, and how these operations can be used practically.Basic Math starts from the relatively easier concepts and gradually moves on to the more troublesome ones, so as to allow for steady and sure understanding of the material by students. The
17、lectures offer students the chance to “make sense” of mathematical knowledge that may have seemed so frightening. They also help students prepare for college mathematics and overcome their anxiety about this amazingand completely understandablefield of study.By the conclusion of the course, students
18、 will have improved their understanding of basic math. They will be able to clear away the mystery(神秘性) of mathematics and face their studies with more confidence than they ever imagined. In addition, they will strengthen their ability to accept new and exciting mathematical challenges.Professor H.
19、Siegel, honored by Kentucky Educational Television as “the best math teacher in America”， is a devoted teacher and has a gift for explaining mathematical concepts in ways that make them seem clear and obvious. From the basic concrete ideas to the more abstract problems, he is a master in making math
20、 lectures learnerfriendlier and less scary.With a PhD in Mathematics Education from Georgia State University, Dr. Siegel teaches mathematics at Central Arizona College. His courses include various makeup classes and a number of lectures for future primary school teachers.If the course fails to provi
21、de complete satisfaction to you, you can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer. Or you can get your money back.56What does the course Basic Math mainly cover?AAlgebra.BCollege Mathematics.CArithmetic.DMathematics Education.57What benefits can students expect from Basic Math?AStronger
22、 imaginative ability.BAdditional presentation skills.CMore mathematical confidence.DGreater chances of becoming teachers.58What can we learn about Professor HSiegel?AHe is a guest lecturer at Kentucky Educational Television.BHe is to deliver 30 lectures in Basic Math.CHe works in Georgia State Unive
23、rsity.DHe specializes in training teachers.59Where is the passage most likely to have been taken from?AA news report.BA book review.CA lesson plan.DAn advertisement.【要点综述】本文主要介绍了一个数学课程，从课程内容、功能用途、预期目标、主讲人等方面做了详细说明，是一则招生广告。56. C细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The lessons in Basic Math cover every basic aspect of arit
24、hmetic.”可知此题答案为C。57. C细节理解题。本题考查课程的功能作用。第四段整体在讲述该课程的功能作用。只有C项为本段中讲述的。其他项均未涉及。58. B推理判断题。本题适合用排除法对四个选项进行排除。文中只说明他是被Kentucky Educational Television评为美国最好的数学教师，并没说明他是在电视台做客座讲师；文中也谈到他在Georgia State University取得博士学位，而他是在Central Arizona College教数学。他的课是为future primary school teachers做准备，而不是直接培训教师。本文只谈到他一个教
25、师，所以推断应该是唯一教师。结合第一段数学课程是由30个讲座构成，所以选B。59. D推理判断题。根据最后一段 “If the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you, you can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer. Or you can get your money back.”可知，此课程为收费课程，应是招生广告。所以选D。阅读理解It was a hot summer day. My dad and I were getting ready to
26、 go out for a ride on the boat with my friend Katie and the dog when the phone call came, the call that made that bright, beautiful day a cold, dark, gloomy one.I had just put on my suit, shorts, and tank top, and packed my bag with sunscreen and everything else I would need for the day. I ran into
27、my parents room to find Dad. When I saw him on the phone, he was crying. Id never seen my dad cry before. My heart sank. What possibly could have happened?Max, Im so sorry, I heard him say. Thats when it hit me. I knew that Suzie had died.Max has been my dads best friend for years. Suzie, his daught
28、er, had a rare disease that mainly affected her body. Her brain was OK. She knew what was going on; she knew that shehad problems and was different from other kids. Once she told her dad that she wished she could die and be born in a different body. Yet although she couldnt live a normal life ，she w
29、as still happy.When Suzie and I were little, we spent quite a bit of time together. As we grew up, we grew apart. She lived in New York, and I lived in the Midwest. When Suzie was ten she had to live ina hospital in Virginia. About eight months before she died, Max gave us her number at the hospital
30、 and we talked at least twice a week until the end. Suzie was always so excited to talk to us and wanted to know every detail about my life. She wanted to know everything I did and every thing I ate. In a way, she lived through me. After we found out about her death, we made our plans to go to New Y
31、ork for the funeral. When she was alive, I sent her a Beanie Baby and she sent one back to me. I had bought her another one but never had the chance to send it to her, so I took it to put in her casket(棺材).Her funeral was very different from any funeral Id ever been to. After they lowered her casket
32、, each one of us put a shovelful of dirt over her. I remember crying so hard, I felt weak. My cheeks burned from the tears. My whole body was shaking as I picked up the shovel, but Im glad I did it.When Suzie and I first started calling one another, I thought it would be more of a burden on me, but
33、I was completely wrong. I learned so much from her. She gave me more than I could ever give to her. I will never forget her or the talks we had. I now know that I must never take anything for granted especially my health and the gift of life.5The authors family cancelled their ride because_.AKatie c
34、ouldnt join them for the rideBthe weather was too terrible for a ride Cthey couldnt find their dogDMaxs daughter passed away6What does the underlined part “In a wav, she lived through me.” mean?ASuzie got to know what life outside hospital was like by sharing my experience.BSuzie was financially dep
35、endent of me.CSuzie managed to pull through her illness with the help of my family.DSuzie was too weak to live her own life.7Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?ASuzie was the only person helping the author with difficulties.BThe author feared that she might also get the same diseas
36、e as Suzie.CThe author benefited a lot from talking on the phone with Suzie.DThe author didnt understand Suzie was her true friend until Suzies death.8What is the most important lesson the author learned from Suzies death?ANever let go of a friend even if you are apart.BBe thankful for what we have
37、in our life.CTalking with a friend can cure your illness.DWe can learn more from our friends than they do from us.参考答案 58 DACB 阅读理解-BFor much of the world, vegetarianism (素食主义) is largely a matter of economics: Meat costs a lot more than beans or rice, so meat becomes a special-occasion dish. Even w
38、here meat is more plentiful, its still used in control, and it often provides a side note to a meal rather than taking center stage. In countries like the United States where meat is not as expensive, though, people choose to be vegetarians for reasons other than cost. Parental preferences, religiou
39、s or other beliefs, and health problems are among the most common reasons for choosing to be a vegetarian. Many people choose a vegetarian diet out of concern over animal rights or the environment. And lots of people have more than one reason for choosing vegetarianism. Different people follow diffe
40、rent forms of vegetarianism. A true vegetarian eats no meat at all, including chicken and fish. A lactoovo vegetarian eats dairy products (乳制品) and eggs, but keeps out meat, fish, and chicken. It follows, then, that a lacto vegetarian eats dairy products but not eggs, and an ovo vegetarian eats eggs
41、 but not dairy products. A stricter form of vegetarianism is veganism. Not only are eggs and dairy products excluded (排除) from a vegan diet, so are animal products like honey. Some macrobiotic (养生的) diets fall into the vegan category. Macrobiotic diets limit not only animal products but also refined
42、 and processed foods, foods with preservatives, and foods that contain caffeine or other stimulants (刺激物). Following a macrobiotic or vegan diet could lead to nutritional deficiencies (营养不足) in some people. Teens need to be sure their diets include enough nutrients to fuel growth, particularly prote
43、in and calcium. If youre interested in following a vegan or macrobiotic diet its a good idea to talk to a registered dietitian. He or she can help you design meal plans that include enough nutrients. 1. The underlined sentence in the first paragraph probably means _.A. there is usually a note beside
44、 the meat in a mealB. meat often attracts peoples attention in a mealC. meat is served only a small amount in a mealD. meat should play an important part in a meal答案解析：答案为C。本题为语义理解题。结合划线句子前面的内容 “Even where meat is more plentiful, its still used in control” 可知，甚至是肉非常多的地方，人们仍然控制肉的进食量，因此肉在饮食中只是 “a side
45、 note” 而不是“center stage.”，因此划线句子意思是肉在饮食中只占少量，故答案为C。 2. Which of the following is NOT the reason for Americans being vegetarians?A. They are environmentally friendly.B. They are concerned about the rights of animals.C. They worry about their own health.D. They cant afford to buy meat.答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节题
46、。由第二段 “In countries like the United States where meat is not as expensive, though, people choose to be vegetarians for reasons other than cost.” 可知，除了因为肉的花费原因外.，美国人选择素食有诸多原因。故答案为D。3. A vegan diet will include _.A. neither animal products nor diary productsB. diary products but no eggsC. animal produ
47、cts like honeyD. processed food答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节题。由倒数第二段 “A stricter form of vegetarianism is veganism. Not only are eggs and dairy products excluded from a vegan diet, so are animal products like honey.”可知，vegan diet里排除了eggs and dairy products，还排除了animal products ，故答案为A。来源:4. According to the passage
48、, the author would probably think that _. A. all the people should become vegetariansB. teens should be careful to be vegetariansC. vegetarianism is not a good thing for the worldD. vegetarianism can make a country develop faster答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节推理题。由最后一段可知，素食有可能导致营养不良，特别是青少年处于生长发育，饮食要有足够的营养，如果青少年对素食感兴趣，应该咨询营养学家，因此作者认为青少年应该对变成素食主义者非常小心，故答案为B。
