1、专题三 冠词教学目标专题三冠词学习内容知识梳理 专题三冠词分析近5年河南中考单项选择对冠词的考查可以看出，冠词是河南每年中考的必考点，且固定在单项选择中的第21小题，均为两空。其主要表现为对定冠词the，不定冠词aan和零冠词的轮考。预测2019年河南中考仍然考查定冠词the、不定冠词a/an和零冠词的基本用法。考点 不定冠词a/an()不定冠词有a和an两种形式。a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前，an用在以元音音素开头的单词前。下表是常见的以元音音素开头的单词用a，an的各种情况：A aan apple/an artist/an aunt/an Asian country/an American
2、 girlE ea European country/an egg/an eightyearold boy/an 11yearold boyI ian idea/an interesting storyO oan orange/an old man/an outgoing girlU ua useful book/a university student/a UFO/a usual story/an umbrella/an ugly man/an uncle/an unusual story/an unhappy smile特别记不规则：an hour/an honest man，以元音音素开
3、头的字母：an“a，e，f，h，i，l，m，n，o，r，s，x”不定冠词具体用法如下：1在叙述时用于第一次提到某人或某物前。如：This is a book.2泛指人或事物的某一类别，以区别于其他种类。如：A plane is a machine that can fly.3泛指某人或某物。意为“某一”如：A young man is waiting for you.4用于表示重量、时间、长度、价格等意义的名词之前，有“每一”的意思，相当于every。如：five lessons a week5用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前，表示“一阵，一份，一类，一场”等。如：Therell be a str
4、ong wind in South China.6用于某些固定词组中。如：a few/little/bit一点儿；have a swim/walk/talk/look/dance/drink/restswim/walk/talk/look/dance/drink/rest游泳/散步/谈话/看一看/跳舞/喝点东西/休息；have a cold感冒；have a good time玩得高兴；in a hurry匆忙；for a while一会儿；keep a diary写日记；do sb.a favor帮助某人 ; in a word 总而言之； have a try 尝试；7用于可视为一个整体的
5、两个名词前。如：a knife and fork一副刀叉8用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”I have a book. I want to buy a second one.9用在such, quite, rather, half等词后或what的感叹句中。What a heavy rain!易错提醒：【易错提醒】某些单词以不发音的辅音字母开头，但第一个音素是元音音素，如hour, honest, outgoing, unusual, Asian等，其前要用an。某些单词以元音字母开头，但第一个发音音素是辅音音素，如useful, university, European, usual等，其前
6、要用a。在26个字母中，前面用an的字母有：a, e, f, h, i, l, m, n, o, r, s, x。There is an “f” in the word “five”. 在“five”这个单词中有一个字母“f”。二、定冠词the的基本用法定冠词the表示某个或某些特定的人或物，其基本用法如下 ：1用于双方都知道的人或事物前。如：Give me the book，please.2特指的或上文已提到过的人或事物。如：Do you know the girl in red?3表示世界上独一无二的事物。如：The earth moves around the sun.4用在序数词、形容
7、词最高级前面，以及对两个人或事物进行比较时起特指作用的比较级前。如：The first lesson is very easy.She is the most beautiful student in that class.5用在姓氏复数前表示一家人或夫妻俩。如：The Greens are watching TV now.6用在单数可数名词前表示一类人或事物。如：The orange is orange.7用于江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、沙漠等专有名词前，或由普通名词构成的专有名词之前。如：the Great Wall；the Summer Palace；the Great Wall; the
8、United States.8与某些形容词连用表示一类人。如：We should help the old.9用在表示方位或西洋乐器名称的名词之前。如：I like playing the piano.10用在某些固定词组中。如：in the morning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上；in the daytime在白天；in the end最后；all the time一直；at the same time同时；by the way顺便说；in the open air在户外；at the age of在岁时；at the beginning of在开始时；on t
9、he other side of在的另一边；in the middle of在中间；at the moment现在，此刻; on the whole大体上，基本上；in the dark黑暗中10. 用在next, last, same, only 等词前。the only child唯一的孩子；the next moment下一刻【巧学妙记】特指双方知， 上文已提及， 世上独无二， 序数最高级， 年代姓复数，类指奏乐器。三、零冠词的用法1除一些特殊情况外，（人名、地名、街道名等）专有名词、抽象名词和物质名词前不加冠词。如：Wisdom is better than strength.智慧胜于
10、力量。Blood is thicker than water.血浓于水。2当名词前已有this，that，his，any，every，some，no等指示代词、物主代词、不定代词、疑问代词或所有格修饰时，不必加冠词。如：She is my sister.她是我妹妹。Jacks brother is a worker.杰克的哥哥是工人。3在与by连用的表示交通工具的名词前、固定搭配中及表示学科名称的名词前不加冠词。如：by plane坐飞机by boat乘船by mistake出错Chinese语文4在节日、假日、星期、月份、季节等名词前不加冠词。如：Childrens Day儿童节Monday
11、星期一autumn秋季 January一月5在一日三餐、语言、体育球类运动，棋类等名词前不加冠词。如：have supper 吃晚饭；play football踢足球； play chess下棋；learn English学英语6表示只有一个担任的头衔或职务的名词前。We elected him manager of the department.7. 某些习语或固定搭配的名词前。on foot步行； at noon在中午； day and night夜以继日； by mistake 错误地【易错提醒】词组中有无冠词的区别：on earth 究竟/on the earth 在地球上； out
12、of question 毫无疑问/out of the question 不可能； in hospital (因病)住院/in the hospital 在医院(不一定是病人); by day 在白天/by the day 按日(计算); next year 明年/the next year 第二年； at table 在吃饭/at the table 在桌子旁边.【巧学妙记】代词限定词前，球类学科和三餐；专有名词不可数，星期月份季节前；复数名词表泛指，颜色游戏和感官；交通手段和节日，习俗称谓和头衔。【考点抢测】1.(2019温州中考)This photo makes me think of_
13、trip to the Great Wall last year.Yeah, we had a great time there.AaBanCthe D/2.(2019宿迁中考)Every evening my daughter plays_piano for an hour.Athe Ba C/ Dan3.(2019东营中考)In London, dogs and their owners can enjoy_hourlong free bus tour.Wow! I hope we can also have such service in Dongying. A.a B.an C.the
14、 D/4.(2019石家庄42中一模)Volunteering can give you_strong feeling of excitement and happiness.Aa Ban Cthe D/5.(2019石家庄18县市大联考)Do you think it is _ useful word?Yes.its very useful.Aa Ban Cthe D/6.(2019河北升学三模)The boy Jerry is _ honest student，and we are all his friends.Aa Bthe C/ Dan7.(2019保定调研)Look at _ bi
15、cycle.It has three wheels.Aa Ban Cthe D/8.(2019石家庄质检三)Where is our English teacher?She is in _ office.A an Bthe Ca D/9.(2019河南)When will _ car race begin?Im not sure. Maybe next week, or maybe _ week after next.A. a; the B. an; the C. the; a D. the; the10. (2019河南) Kate, are you_ only child in your
16、family?Yes, but _ new baby is on the way.A. a; the B. an; the C. the; a D. the; the11.(2019河南)What _heavy rain it was!Yes, but I love_ air after it rains. It smells so fresh.A. the; a B. a; the C. the; the D. a; a12.(2019河南)She has two cats now._ black and white one is called Rosie and _ brown one J
17、oseph.A. The; a BA; the C. The; the DA; a13.(2019河南)Mr. Smith is _old man and he usually walks his dog after_supper.A. a; the B. an; a C. an; 不填 D. the ; 不填Keys: 1-5 CABAA 6-10 DCBDC 11-13BCC综合题库河南中考考点精练1.(2019河北中考)I have_pet cat.It is so cute.Aa BanCthe D/2.(重庆中考)Ciqikou is_famous place in Chongqin
18、g.Aa Ban Cthe D/3.(济宁中考)_apple a day keeps the doctor away.AA BAn Cthe D/4.(青岛中考)David is_ eightyearold boy with short black hair.A/ Ba Can Dthe5.(2019苏州中考)Edward and William are brothers.There is_uncommon similarity between_two boys.Aan；/ Ban；the Ca；/ Da; the6.(雅安中考)Beijing is_capital of China.Aa B
19、an Cthe D/Keys: AABCBC冠词2019中考真题1. (2019天津) Shenzhen is on _coast near Hong Kong. It was _small village many years ago.A. a; the B. the; aC. 不填；不填 D. the; the 2. (2019西宁)I want to be _police artist. Its _interesting job.A. a; the B. a; an C. an; the D. the; the 3. (2019黔东南州) There is _unhappy boy si
20、tting on _seat over there, who looks very sad.A. a; a B. a; theC. the; the D. an; the4. (2019潍坊)What do you think of the boy?He is _ honest student today and _ useful man tomorrow.A. a; an B. an; aC. an; an D. a; a5. (2019泰安)Do you know _ girl with long curly hair?Yes, she is Mary. She plays _ tenni
21、s very well.A. a; / B. the; /C. the; the D. a; the6. (2019连云港)Donald Trump, _ 71yearold businessman, was chosen _ President of the US last year.A. a; a B. a; / C. the; a D. the; the7. (2019南充) Who is _boy under the tree?Bill. He is_ active boy. A. a; an B. a; theC. the; a D. the; an 8. (2019丹东)I lik
22、e fast food for _ breakfast.Me, too. I always have it with _ cup of coffee.A. a; a B. the; aC. /; the D. /; a9. (2019黄冈)Hey, Li Ming. Do you have _ basketball?Yes, its over there, behind _ door.A. a; a B. the; theC. a; the D. the; a10. (2019南通)Tom likes playing_ football and he is_ member of the clu
23、b. A. the; a B. the; 不填C. a; the D. 不填； a11. (2019铜仁)Would you like _apple or _pear?Either, thanks.A. an; an B. a; aC. an; a D. a; an 12. (2019广东) I went to _ supermarket to buy _ birthday gift for my aunt yesterday.A. an; a B. a; aC. the; / D. /; the 13. (2019平顶山模拟) He raises _black and _white cat.
24、Yes, it is lovely.A. /; a B. a; /C. the; a D. a; the 14. (2019洛阳模拟) What _exciting news! Is _news true?A. an; the B. an; aC. /; the D. /; a 15. (2019原创)Have you seen _movie called Wolf Warriors II?Yes, its great! Its _most exciting movie I have seen these years.A. a; the B. the; aC. a; a D. the; the
25、 16. (2019原创) Have you seen _umbrella? I left it here just now. Is it _pink one? I think I saw it somewhere. A. an; the B. the; aC. a; a D. an; a17. (2019原创) Yao Jingyuan is _first man of Yingkou to win the Olympic gold medal. We take _ pride in him. A. the; / B. a; theC. the; the D. a, /18. (2019原创
26、)Thanks to the twochild policy, I have _baby brother. So you do. You have looked forward to him for _long time.A. an; a B. a; aC. a; an D. an; an19. (2019原创) There is _“o” in _word “box”. A. a; the B. a; anC. an; the D. a; a20. (2019南阳二模) _disabled cant live a common life, we should give them _hand.
27、A. The; a B. A; theC. The; the D. /; a21. (2019安阳一模) Have you told Miss Green about _party? No. In fact, its _surprise party, isnt it?A. the; the B. a; theC. the; a D. a; a22. (2019原创) _second hat doesnt fit me, either. Could I look at _third one?A. A; a B. The; theC. A; the D. The; a23. (2019原创) _number of cars on the roads is growing very fast. Yes. Therefore, _number of problems have appeared.A. The; a B. The; theC. A; the D. A; a参考答案：15 B B D B B 610 B D D C D1115 C B B C D1620 D A B C A2123 C D A
