1、专题16 必修三Unit4基础知识复习-2023年高考英语一轮复习基础知识+基本能力双清（译林版2020）必修三Unit4基础知识复习：1. 单词词组搭配2. 短语3. 写作和范文欣赏-申请信4. 练习单词变形词组搭配survive v生存；幸存；比活的时间长survival n生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物survivor n幸存者survive on. 仅靠维持生计survive sb.by. 比某人多活intend vi.& vt.想要，计划；意指intention n打算，计划intended adj. 打算的；计划的intention n. 意图，目的；企图intend to do/d
2、oing sth.打算做某事intend sb.to do sth. 打算让某人做某事be intended for. 为打算(或设计)的be intended to do. 打算做with the intention of 有的打算/目的have no intention of doing sth.无意做某事refer v查阅，参考；提到，谈及reference n.参考，查阅；提到，谈及refer v.参考；提到；查阅；涉及refer.to.把提交给refer to.as.把看作in/with reference to关于reference book 参考书；工具书contain vt.
3、包含；容纳；容忍；控制，克制container n容器；集装箱，货柜contain oneself 克制自己trial n试用，试验；审讯，审判；考验vi.& vt.测试，试验be on trial正在受审on trial 在试验/测试中trial and error 反复试验limited adj.有限的limit vt. 限制n限度，限制limitless adj. 无限制的，无止境的limitation n. 限制；局限be limited to 局限于there is a limit to. 是有限度的speed up(使)加速反义词：slow down 减速at a speed of
4、.以的速度at low/high/full/top speed 以低/高/全/最高速pay off 成功，奏效，达到目的pay for 为付钱；为付出代价pay back 还钱；报复beneficial adj.有益的，有用的benefit v. 对有用，使受益 n. 益处be beneficial to对有益，对有用benefit from/by 得益于，得利于be of benefit to 对有利surround vt.围绕，环绕；包围；与紧密相关surrounding adj. 周围的，附近的surroundings n.环境；周围的事物surround sb./sth.(with.)
5、 围绕，包围be surrounded by/with. 被环绕/包围by accident 偶然，意外地by accidentby chance偶然；无意中by designon purpose 故意地favour vt.较喜欢；偏袒；有助于n.帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒favourable adj. 给人好印象的；赞同的；有利的in favour of支持，赞同in sb.s favour 对某人有利do sb.a favour/do a favour for sb.帮某人一个忙ask sb.a favour请某人帮个忙charge vt.& vi.充电；收费；控告；谴责；使承担责任；使充满n
6、.收费；控告；谴责；掌管be charged with.被指责.charge sb money for sth 为某物收某人钱involve vt.牵涉，影响；包含；(使)参加 involvement n.涉及involve sb.in(doing)sth.(使)某人参与(做)某事be involved in包含在；被卷入.be involved with 涉及let sb.down 使某人失望let off排放；不惩罚，宽恕let out 泄露；发出叫声let sb.alone 不要管某人let alone 更不用说，更谈不上ignorance n无知ignore vt. 忽视；对不予理会i
7、gnorant adj. 无知的；愚昧的be ignorant of/about sth. 不知道某事take it for granted 想当然地认为，认为是理所当然take.seriously认真对待take ones time 不用急，慢慢来take pride in 以自豪take charge of 负责，掌管take advantage of 利用permit vt.& vi.允许，准许，许可；使有可能 n许可证permission n. 允许；许可；同意permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事permit(doing)sth.允许(做)某事ask sb.for p
8、ermission 请求某人许可with/without permission得到/未经允许responsibility n责任，负责；职责，义务responsible adj.负责任的，对负责的take/have responsibility for对负责a sense of responsibility 一种责任感be responsible for 对负责declare vt.表明，宣称；公布，宣布declaration n. 宣告declare war (on/against)(向)宣战declare for/against.赞成/反对It is/was declared that.据
9、宣布短语：1.speed up (使)加速 2.pay off 成功，奏效，达到目的3.by accident 偶然，意外地4.with a bang 很成功；引人注目，有强烈影响 5.outer space 外太空 6.let sb.down 使某人失望 8.take it for granted 想当然地认为，认为是理所当然7.as to 关于，至于9.put forward 提出，提议，建议 10.refer to 查阅，参考；提到，谈及写作和范文欣赏-申请信【谋篇布局】1.自我介绍, 表明写信目的和信息来源，提出申请；2.陈述应聘目的和个人优势；3.表达感谢, 简述获准后的打算, 期待
10、录取。【例题】假设你是红星中学学生李华，你得知学校将举办英语话剧节 (English Drama Festival)。请你给相关负责人写一封信申请做活动主持人，内容包括：1. 写信目的；2. 个人优势；3. 表示希望你能被选中。注意：1. 词数：80词左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Sir or Madam,_Yours,Li Hua【范文】Dear sir,Im Li Hua, a student from the Students Union Im writing to apply to be the host of the cultural performance
11、for our National Day.（写信目的）Not only have l acquired a good command of English, but also I have hosted many performances held by our school. 【高分句型一】Therefore, when the performance features our National Day, I can help better introduce something related to the audience, which will help us students bet
12、ter understand our motherland. 【高分句型二】Im certain my experience and knowledge will ensure my being equal to the position. （个人优势）I would greatly appreciate it if you could consider my application.（感谢）Yours,Li Hua单元练习语境填空permit；declare；responsibility；scientific；survival； moral；beneficial；electric；indic
13、ate；surround1A good diet is beneficial to health.2His only chance of survival was a heart transplant.3She would not permit herself to look at them.4He came along to lend me moral support.5Do you have anything to declare ?6Theres an electric heater in the bedroom.7We need to be more scientific about
14、this problem.8Early results indicate that the government will be returned to power.9That is the question that will always surround him.10The bank refuses to accept responsibility for the mistake.语法填空之派生词1A politician(politics)is a person whose job is connected with politics.2She made a favourable(fa
15、vour)impression on his parents.3Electric(electricity)is usually used to describe something that uses or produces electricity.4A bomber(bomb)is a plane that carries and drops bombs.5You must ask permission(permit)for all major expenditure.6All applicants will be considered regardless of age，sex or na
16、tionality (nation).7They dont believe in marriage(marry).8I question the wisdom (wise)of giving a child so much money.9The following day she felt sufficiently(sufficient)well to go to work.10He finally won his freedom(free)after twenty years in prison.单句语法填空1Scientific research shows that women tend
17、 to survive their husbands by 510 years.2She went to this city with the intention(intend)of finding a good job.3It was foolish of him to refer to his notes during that important test.4The report will be published(publish)on the Internet.5At worst well have to sell the house to pay off our debts.6Her
18、 menu was so limited(limit)that few customers came to her restaurant.7The new rules will be beneficial(benefit)to every student.8I think Mary is a woman of great wisdom(wise).9Take the machine on trial for a week.10An animals sense of smell is still crucial to its survival (survive).短语填空refer to；spe
19、ed up；pay off；make a difference；thanks to；succeed in；day and night；give up；large amounts of；draw on1Ill have to draw on my savings to afford it.2It was all a great successthanks to a lot of hard work.3Did he give up or keep on trying?4Study this example and refer to the explanation below.5After a mo
20、nths hard work，his effort paid off at last.6He succeeded in getting a place at art school last year.7Whatever you choose to do，it will make a difference8Speed up your pace and try to arrive there on time.9Students should not play computer games day and night10The server is designed to store large am
21、ounts of data.单句语法填空1The man stood outside the house silently, moved(move)to tears.2Caught(catch)in a heavy rain，the new manager missed the important meeting.3Attracted(attract)by a particular article in a magazine，she bought it.4The speaker asked them to find the balloons that had their name writte
22、n(write)on within five minutes.5He felt his collar pulled (pull)by someone from behind.6Founded(found)on love and mutual respect，their marriage is a happy one.7It is a large city surrounded(surround)by mountains and the climate is nice.8Influenced(influence)mainly by Joy，most of Rileys memories are happy ones.9These interests were increased with more time spent(spend)in the deserts of Arizona.10Prevented(prevent)from playing her role in Rileys emotional development，Sadness feels annoyed.
