1、2019年度第一学期莘庄中学10月考试卷（高一英语）.Vocabulary（10%）Directions：Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.surprisinglyB.focusesC.cluesD.leadershipAB.helpfulAC.recognizedAD.attentivenessCD.consideredBC.non-verbalBD.fullyABC.behaviorsBody
2、languagereferstovariousformsofnon-verbalcommunication,whichinapersonmayreveal（透露）cluesastosomeunspokenintentionorfeelingthroughtheirphysicalbehaviors.These_21_canincludegestures,facialexpressions,andeyemovements.Bodylanguagecanalsovary（不同）dependingontheculture.Thereareasetofcommonly_22_gesturesbutma
3、nyareinfluencedbyoursocialsettings.Althoughthisarticle_23_oninterpretations（解释）ofhumanbodylanguage,alsoanimalsusebodylanguageasacommunicationmechanism（机制）.Bodylanguageistypicallysubconscious（潜意识的）behavior,andistherefore_24_tobedifferentfromsignlanguage,whichisa_25_conscious（有意识的）andintentional（故意的）a
4、ctofcommunication.Bodylanguagemayprovide_26_astotheattitudeorstateofmindofaperson.Forexample,itmayindicateaggression,_27_,boredom,arelaxedstate,pleasureandamusement.However,thevalueofbodylanguageinrecognizingcheathasbeencalledintoquestion.Bodylanguageisveryimportanttocommunicationandrelationships.It
5、isrelevant（相关的）tomanagementand_28_inbusinessandalsoinplaceswhereitcanbeobservedbymanypeople.Itcanalsoberelevanttosomeoutsideoftheworkplace.Itiscommonly_29_indating,infamilysettings,andparenting.Althoughbodylanguageis_30_ornon-spoken,itcanrevealmuchaboutyourfeelingsandmeaningtoothersandhowothersrevea
6、ltheirfeelingstowardyou.Bodylanguagesignalshappenonbothaconsciousandsubconsciouslevel.ReadingComprehensionSectionA（15%）Almosteverydaywecomeacrosssituationsinwhichwehavetomakedecisionsonewayoranother._31_,wearegiventobelieve,isaright._32_foragoodmanypeopleintheworld,inrichandpoorcountries,choiceisalu
7、xury（奢侈）,somethingwonderfulbut_33_toget,notaright.Andforthosewhothinktheyareexercisingtheirrighttomakechoices,thewholesystemismerelyanillusion（错觉）,afalseideacreatedby_34_andadvertisershopingtoselltheirproducts.The_35_choicegivesbirthtoanxiety（焦虑）inpeopleslives.Buyingsomethingasbasicasacoffeepotisnot
8、exactly_36_.Easyaccesstoawiderangeofeverydaygoodsleadstoasenseof_37_inmanypeople,endingintheshopper_38_upandwalkingaway,orjustbuyinganunsuitableitemthatisnotreallywanted.RecentstudiesinEnglandhaveshownthatmanyelectricalgoodsboughtinalmosteveryfamilyarenotreallyneeded.Moredifficultdecision-makingisth
9、eneither_39_ortrustedintothehandsoftheprofessionals,lifestyleinstructors,oradvisors.Itis_40_justtheavailabilityofthegoodsthatistheproblem,butthespeedwithwhichnewtypesofproductscomeonthe_41_.Advancesindesignandproductionhelp_42_theprocess._43_alsoneedtohaveashortlifespansothatthepubliccanbepersuaded（
10、说第1页/共7页服）toreplacethemwithinashorttime.Thetypicalexampleiscomputers,whicharealmost_44_oncetheyarebought.Thisindeedmakes_45_aproblem.Gonearethedayswhenonecouldjustwalkwithcaseintoashopandbuyonething;nochoice,noanxiety.31.A.ChoiceB.EffectC.WorkD.Effort32.A.BecauseB.SoC.ButD.Therefore33.A.easyB.intere
11、stingC.hardD.important34.A.familiesB.companiesC.parentsD.lawyers35.A.limitedB.endlessC.finalD.starting36.A.simpleB.complexC.hardD.difficult37.A.powerB.effectivenessC.disorderD.powerlessness38.A.givingB.cheeringC.catchingD.making39.A.doneB.talkedC.avoidedD.welcome40.A.marketB.usuallyC.neitherD.not41.
12、A.marketB.countryC.nationD.school42.A.slowB.quickenC.stopD.forbid43.A.ProductsB.BagsC.SocietyD.Life44.A.brand-newB.long-lastingC.down-to-earthD.out-of-date45.A.workB.joyC.selectionD.salesSectionB（22%）Directions：ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Fillineachbl
13、ankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.ADoyoufindgettingupinthemorningsodifficultthatitspainful?Thismightbecalledlaziness,butDr.Kleitmanhasanewexplanation.Hehasprovedthateveryonehasadailyenergycycle.Duringthehourswhenyoulaborthroughyourworkyoumaysaythatyoure“hot”.Thatstrue.Thetimeofdaywhenyouf
14、eelmostenergeticiswhenyourcycleofbodytemperatureisatitspeak.Forsomepeoplethepeakcomesduringthemorning.Forothersitcomesintheafternoonorevening.Noonehasdiscoveredwhythisisso,butitleadstosuchfamiliarmonologues(自言自语)as:“Getup,John!Youllbelateforworkagain!”ThepossibleexplanationtothetroubleisthatJohnisat
15、histemperature-and-energypeakintheevening.Muchfamilyquarrellingendswhenhusbandsandwivesrealizewhattheseenergycyclesmean,andwhichcycleeachmemberofthefamilyhas.Youcantchangeyourenergycycle,butyoucanlearntomakeyourlifefititbetter.Habitcanhelp,Dr.Kleitmanbelieves.Maybeyouresleepyintheeveningbutfeelyoumu
16、ststayuplateanyway.Counteract(对抗)yourcycletosomeextentbyhabituallystayinguplaterthanyouwantto.Ifourenergyislowinthemorningbutyouhaveanimportantjobtodoearlyintheday,risebeforeyourusualhour.Thiswontchangeyourcycle,butyoullgetupsteam(鼓起干劲)andworkbetteratyourlowpoint.Getofftoaslowstartwhichsavesyourener
17、gy.Getupwithaleisurelyyawnandstretch.Sitontheedgeofthebedaminutebeforeputtingyourfeetonthefloor.Avoidthetroublesomesearchforcleanclothesbylayingthemoutthenightbefore.Wheneverpossible,doroutineworkintheafternoonandsavetasksrequiringmoreenergyorconcentrationforyoursharperhours.第2页/共7页46.Ifapersonfinds
18、gettingupearlyaproblem,mostprobably_.A.heisalazypersonB.herefusestofollowhisownenergycycleC.heisnotsurewhenhisenergyislowD.heisathispeakintheafternoonorevening47.Whichofthefollowingmayleadtofamilyquarrelsaccordingtothepassage?A.Unawarenessofenergycycles.B.Familiarmonologues.C.Achangeinafamilymembers
19、energycycle.D.Attemptstocontroltheenergycycleofotherfamilymembers.48.Youareadvisedtorisewithayawnandstretchbecauseitwill_.A.helptokeepyourenergyforthedaysworkB.helpyoutocontrolyourtemperearlyinthedayC.enableyoutoconcentrateonyourroutineworkD.keepyourenergycycleundercontrolalldayBHereissomemust-knowi
20、nformationfromahandbookonhowpeoplebehaveindoingbusinessinsomecountries.InBrazilBraziliansarewarmandfriendly.Theyoftenstandclosewhentalkinganditiscommonforthemtotouchthepersonontheshoulder.Peopleoftengreeteachother(particularlywomen)withlightcheekkisses.Schedulestendtobeflexible,withbusinessmeetingss
21、ometimesstartinglaterthanplanned.Buttobesafe,beontime.MealscanstretchforhourstheresnosuchthingasrushingamealinBrazil.Lunchesalsocanstartinthemidtolateafternoon.Braziliansaresocial,preferringface-to-facecommunicationovermailsorphonecalls.InSingaporeSingaporeansshakehandswhentheymeetandoftenalsogreete
22、achotherwithasmall,politebow.Businesscardsshouldbeofferedandreceivedwithtwohands.Arrivinglateisconsidereddisrespectful.Sobeontime.Efficiency(效率)isthegoal,someetingsanddealingsoftenarefast-paced.Singaporeansaredirectintheirdiscussions,evenwhenthesubjectisaboutmoney.Rankisimportantandauthorityisrespec
23、ted.Thisdeterminesbothpeoplereactinmeetings.Forexample,peopleavoiddisagreeingoutrightwithsomeonewithahigherrank.IntheUnitedArabEmiratesIntheUAE,status(地位)isimportant,sothemostseniororoldestshouldbegreetedfirstwiththeirtitles.Thehandshakeseemstobelongerthanelsewhere.So,donotpullawaythehandshake.Women
24、shouldcoverthemselveswhenitcomestodress.Menalsotendtobecoveredfromnecktoelbows(肘部)anddowntotheknees.Peopledonotavoidentertainingintheirhomes,buttheyalsoholdbusinessmealsatrestaurants.Touchingorpassingfoodoreatingwithyourlefthandistobeavoided.Whenmeetingsareone-to-one,ifyourhostoffersyoucoffee,yousho
25、uldrefuse.Itmightseemodd,butitisaculturaltradition.Coffeeshouldonlybeacceptedifitisalwayssetoutorpresented.InSwitzerlandTheSwisstendtobeformalandaddresseachotherbylastname.Theyalsoarerespectfulofprivatelives.Youshouldbecarefulnottoaskaboutpersonaltopics.Punctuality(守时)isvital,somethingthatcomesfroma
26、deeprespectforotherstime.Arriveatanymeetingoreventafewminutesearlytobesafe.Theyalsohaveclearstructureintheircompanies.Higher-upsmakethefinaldecisions,evenifothersmightdisagree.Neat,cleandressisexpected.TheSwissfollowformal第3页/共7页tablemanners.Theyalsokeeptheirhandsvisibleatthetableandtheirelbowsoffth
27、etable.Itispolitetofinishthefoodonyourplate.49.Thepassageismainlyabout_.A.communicationtypesB.theworkplaceatmosphereC.customsandsocialmannersD.livingconditionsandstandards50.WhydoSingaporeansavoidarguingwiththeirboss?A.Theyputefficiencyinthefistplace.B.Theydislikeface-to-facecommunication.C.Theywant
28、tofinishmeetingsasquicklyaspossible.D.Theyaresupposedtoobeythepersonofahigherrank.51.IntheUAE,whenshouldyourefusethecoffeeifitisoffered?A.Whengreetingseniors.B.Whenmeetingthehostalone.C.Whenattendingapresentation.D.Whendiningwithbusinesspartners.52.Inwhichcountrydopeoplecareaboutwheretoputtheirhands
29、atthedinnertable?A.InBrazil.B.InSingapore.C.IntheUnitedArabEmirate.D.InSwitzerland.CHAPPYtohelportooselfishtosharesomescientistswonderwhethergenerosity（慷慨大方）liesinourupbringingorinourgenes（基因）.InasocialscienceexperimentcarriedoutinanIsraelichildrensplayroom,136childrenaged3and4yearsoldweregivensixse
30、tsofcolorfulstickers.Theyweretold：“Youcankeepallofthestickers,oryoucangivesometoanotherchildyoudontknow.Hedoesnthaveanystickers.”Researchersthenaskedthechildrentostepintotheplayroomoneatatimeandwatchedhowtheybehaved.Abouttwothirdsofthechildrenchosetogiveoneormoresetsofstickerstoanunknownchild.Theoth
31、ersrefusedtoshare.Researchersfoundthatmanyofthissecondgroupofchildrenhadsomethingincommon:avariation（变异）inageneknownasAVPR1A.Thisgeneissupposedtocontrolachemicalinthebrainresponsibleforsocialbehavior.Thegeneticvariant（变体）ofthisgenecanmakepeoplealotlesswillingtoshare.Thisstudywaspublishedlastmonthint
32、heonlinescientificjournalPLoSOne.Itsuggestedthatchildrencanbeselfishlessandgeneticsmayplayarole.Butsocialscientistspointoutenvironmentalinfluencesfromhome,schoolandthewiderworldmayplayalargerroleincreatinggoodorbadhabits.Studiesusingbrainscanshaveshownthatwhensomeoneisbeinggenerousorisdescribedasgen
33、erous,hisorherbrainwillgiveoffakindofchemical.Thischemicalislinkedtopositivefeelings.“If（parents）tellakidheisagenerousperson,heismorelikelytoactgenerouslyagainthaniftheybuyhimatoy,”saidNancyEisenberg,anArizonaStateUniversitypsychologyprofessor,toTheWallStreetJournal.SocialscientistsalsoSaythataspeop
34、legrowupanddevelopstrongerideasofmorality（道德）andfairness,theirgenerositywillincrease.ReferringtotheIsraelistudy,EmmanuelCollegepsychologistJoyceBenensonsaystotheWallStreetJournal,thatevenat3or4yearsold,“Ifyouvegotsixpacksofsomething,youknowthatgivingawayoneisntreallychangingwhatyouhave.”Ofthe136chil
35、drenintheIsraelistudy,thelargestgroupgaveawayonesticker;thesecondlargestgroupgaveawaynone.Onlytwenty-twochildrengaveawaymorethanonesticker.第4页/共7页53.Accordingtothearticle,theexperiment_.A.studiedmorethan100childrenagedbetween13and14B.gatheredallthechildreninaroomtowatchtheirbehaviorC.foundthatone-th
36、irdofthechildrenwereunwillingtoshareD.askedthechildrentosharestickerswiththeirfriends54.Whatwasnewlydiscoveredbytheexperiment?A.Avariationofagenecaninfluencepeoplessocialbehavior.B.Morethanhalfofthekidswereconsideredtobeselfish.C.Generousbehaviorcanmakeachildfeelgood.D.Childrenarelessgenerousthanadu
37、ltsexpect.55.Whatcanweconcludefromthearticle?A.Genesplayamajorroleindecidingwhetherpeoplearegenerous.B.Aschildrengrow,economicalresponsibilitycanstopthemfromsharingwithothers.C.Bothgenesandsocialenvironmentinfluencewhetherpeoplearegenerous.D.Parentscouldtrygivingtoystokidstoencouragethemtobegenerous
38、.56.Whomightbemoregenerousaccordingtothearticle?A.ThosewithanAVPR1Agene.B.Thosegrowingupinrichfamilies.C.Thesewhoreceivecollegeeducation.D.Thosegrowingupinasharingenvironment.SectionC（8%）Directions：ChoosefromthesentencesAACtocompletethepassage.Therearetwoextrasentenceswhichyoudonotneedtouse.A.Iliste
39、nedtoit20timesatleast.B.ThatplacemademewhatIamtoday.C.Communitycollegeshaveimprovedalottheseyears.D.Thoseplaysfilledmyheadwithexpandeddreams.AB.Ofcourse,IenjoyedthepleasureofeatingFrenchfriesbetweenclasses.AC.SoIsentmytestresultstoChabot,acommunitycollegeinnearbyHayward,California,whichacceptedevery
40、oneandwasfree.Iowe（归功于）italltomycommunitycollegeIn1974,IgraduatedfromSkylineHighSchoolinOakland,California,anunderachievingstudentwithpoorSATscores.Icouldntaffordtuition（学费）forcollegeanyway._57_.Forthousandsofcommutingstudentslikeme,ChabotwasourHarvard,offeringcourseinphysics,certifiedpublicaccounti
41、ng,foreignlanguage,journalismandsoon.Classmatesincludedveterans（老兵）backfromVietnam,marriedwomenreturningtoschool,middle-agedmenwantingtoimprovetheiremploymentprospectsandpaychecks.WecouldgetourgeneraleducationrequirementsoutofthewayatChabot-creditswecouldtransfertoauniversity-whichmadethosetwoyearsa
42、ninvaluableheadstart.ClassesItookatChabothaverippled（起涟漪）throughmyprofessionalpond.IproducedtheHBOmini-seriesJohnAdamswithanoutlineformatIlearnedfromapipe-smokinghistorian,JamesCoovelis,whoselectureswereinteresting.MaryLouFitzgeralds“StudiesinShakespeare”taughtmehowthefive-actstructuresofRichard,The
43、Tempest,andOthellofocusedtheirthemes.第5页/共7页InHerbKennedys“DramainPerformance,”IreadplayslikeTheHotLBaltimoreandDesireUndertheElms,thensawtheirproductions.Igottoseetheplayshetaught,throughstudentrushticketsattheAmericanConservatoryTheaterinSanFranciscoandtheBerkeleyRepertoryTheatre._58_IgotanA.Someh
44、oursIstayedinthehugelibrary,whereIfirstreadtheNewYorkTimes,frustratedbyitslackofcomics.IfChabotslibrarystillhasitscollectionofvinylrecords（黑胶唱片）,youwillfindmynamerepeatedlyonthetakeoutslipofJasonRobardsperformanceofthemonologue（独白）ofEugeneONeill._59_ChabotCollegeisstillinHayward,thoughMr.Coovelis,Ms
45、.Fitzgerald,andMr.Kennedyarenolongerthere.Idrovepastthecampusafewyearsagowithonemykidsandsummedupmytwoyearstherethisway:“_60_”.Completethefollowingsentences,usingtheproperforms（15%）61.Thisfilmisworth_（see）twice.62._（leave）itwithmeandIllseewhatIcando.63.We_（hope）tocatchthe9:30train,butfounditwasgone.
46、64.Itissaidthatthebushfirewasbroughtundercontrolsoon.Manyhouseshavebeendestroyedbutnolives_（lose）sofar.65.I_（walk）alongthestreetlookingforaplacetoparkwhentheaccidentoccurred.66.He_（learn）Englishforeightyearsbythetimehegraduatesfromtheuniversitynextyear.TheWorldCupisaninternationalfootballcompetition
47、contestedbytheseniormensnationalteamsofthemembersofFIFA.Thechampionship_67_（award）everyfouryearssince1930.TheWorldCupistheworldsmostwidelyviewedsportingevent.ThenexttwoWorldCups_68_（hold）Russiain2019,andQatarin2022.WhenIcamehere,Iheardthosewords,“cradle（摇篮）ofleadership”.Well,whenthebough（粗树枝）breaks,
48、thecradle_69_（fall）,andithasfallenhere,ithasfallen!Makersofmen,creatorsofleaders,becarefulwhatkindofleadersyouareproducinghere.Icantguarantee_70_（say）thatCharliessilenceheretodayisrightorwrong.Imnotajudgeorjury（陪审团），butIhavetoremindyouofthefactthathedidntsellanybodyouttobuyhisfuture.Andthat,myfriend
49、s,iscalledintegrityandcourage.Nowthatsthestuffleadersshouldbemadeof.Translation（4+5+5+5+6=25%）71.在过去的几年里，上海发生了很大的变化。（takeplace）72.缺乏自信，你就不能再面试中给面试官留下好的印象。（lack）73.你把课本中所学知识运用到日常生活中是明智的。（It,apply）74.大城市的交通堵塞真可怕，所以我们宁可步行也不叫出租。（prefer）75.在许多场合，比如，在大街上，当一个西方人向你求助而他又不会说英语或汉语时，肢体语言就能帮上忙。（assistance）第6页/共7
50、页参考答案：21.ABC22.AC23.B24.CD25.BD26.C27.AD28.D29.AB30.BC31-35ACCBB36-40ADACD41-45ABADC46.D47.A48.A49.C50.D51.B52.D53.C54.A55.C56.D57.AC58.D59.A60.B61.seeing62.Leave63hadhoped64.hasbeenlost65.waswalking66.haslearned67.hasbeenawarded68.willbeheld69.willfall70.tosay71.Inthepastfewyears,greatchangeshaveta
51、kenplaceinShanghai.72.Lackingconfidence,youcantleaveagoodimpressiontotheinterviewer.73.Itiswiseforyoutoapplywhatyouhavelearntfromthebooktothedailylife.74.Thetrafficjamsaresoterriblethatweprefertowalkratherthanhiringataxi.75.Onmanyoccasions,forexample,whenawesterneraskyouforassistancebuthecantspeakEnglishorChinese,bodylanguagemaywork.第7页/共7页
