1、山西省忻州市第一中学2019-2020学年高一英语下学期期中试题（含解析）注意事项：1.本试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。3.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。4.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案用0.5mm黑色笔迹签字笔写在答题卡上。5.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5
2、小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例: How much is the shirt?A.19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.答案是C。1. Where will the speakers meet?A. In Room 200. B. In Room 330. C. In Room 6402. Why does the man advise to go to a bar?A. To have a drink. B.
3、 To take shelter from the rain. C. To meet another friend.3. Whats the probable relationship between Cindy and Ron?A. Sister and brother. B. Mother and son. C. Wife and husband.4. Who does the bike belong to now?A. Jane. B. Tom. C. Harris.5. What did the woman need to do first?A. Meet the man. B. Fi
4、nish her work. C. Buy a birthday present.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What will the man do this Saturday?A. Take music lessons. B. Take English lessons. C. Be busy with homework.
5、7. When can the man go to the cinema?A. On Saturday afternoon. B. On Saturday morning. C. On Saturday evening.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What is the woman doing?A. Asking for help. B. Offering suggestions. C. Complaining.9. How will the woman get to the zoo?A. By car. B. By train. C. By bus.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
6、10. When is the sports meet fixed?A. At 2:00 pm. B. At 3:00 pm. C. At 8:00am.11. What does the woman think the weather will be like this afternoon?A. Rainy. B. Fine. C. Cloudy.12. What will the man do next?A. Try the 24-hour telephone weather forecast service.B. Broadcast the weather conditions.C. T
7、ake exercise.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. TV programmes. B. Their favorite sports. C. Their favorite subjects.14. How often does the woman watch a soccer match?A. Nearly every Sunday. B. Nearly once a month. C. Nearly once a week.15. When did the man begin playi
8、ng basketball?A. In the primary school. B. In the middle school. C. At college.16. What does the man think of basketball matches?A. They are popular but boring.B. They are not popular in most countries.C. They are fun and exciting.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What is the main topic of the speech?A. Effects
9、 of television on our lives.B. The Olympic Games.C. TV shows on Chinese television.18. Where was the survey of 300 young people on watching TV made?A. In Wuhan. B. In Shanghai. C. In Beijing.19. What percent of those surveyed got their news from television?A.33%. B.60%. C.63%.20. What can we learn f
10、rom the speech?A. Some students in Wuhan read very little.B. Watching TV has no benefit to all teenagers.C. Few Chinese people watch the Olympic Games.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题：每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIntroductionCruising the Mediterranean is like embarking on a romantic od
11、yssey. Warm breezes, sparkling blue water, fresh seafood, medieval towns and European culture combine to create a relaxing and enlightening vacation. The Mediterranean offers plenty of port choices, big and small. Because Mediterranean destinations are so close together, you can visit a large number
12、 of countries.HighlightsThe most popular attraction in Barcelona, Spain, is La Sagrada Familia (The Church of the Holy Family). The famed architect Antonio Gaudi began work on the building in 1883 and improvements continue today.Although its an island in the middle of the Mediterranean, Malta is not
13、 a beach destination. Instead, stick to visiting the capital city of Valletta or the medieval town of Mdina.While Monte Carlo, Monaco, is tiny, it is also very hilly. Luckily, elevators help take you up and down some of the steepest hills. For a peek inside the world of the royal Grimaldis, visit Pl
14、ace du Palais, and for a window on the world of the rich and famous, check out the Monte Carlo Casino. (You must be 21, and theres a dress code at night.)A stop in the port of Sorrento, Italy, puts you within an hour of the ancient ruins of Pompeii, which was destroyed in A D. 79 during a massive er
15、uption of Mount Vesuvius. Your ships shore excursion should include a knowledgeable guide.To get away from it all on the Greek island of Santorini, visit the town of Oia on the northern tip of the island. The little town is filled with white-washed houses, art galleries and small restaurants.1. What
16、 is special about cruising the Mediterranean?A. It is an exploration of wilderness.B. It is an adventurous journey.C. It provides access to many a country.D. It consists of medieval towns and thrilling games.2. Which Place youd better pay a visit to in Malta?A. The beach.B. The church.C. The art gal
17、leries.D. The capital city3. On which trip it is suggested that a well-informed guide be included?A. A trip to Barcelona, SpainB. A trip to Monte Carlo, MonacoC. A trip to Sorrento, ItalyD. A trip to the Greek island of Santonin【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了地中海有许多大大小小港口可供选择，且地中海的目的地离得很近，在地中海巡航你
18、可以去很多国家。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中Because Mediterranean destinations are so close together, you can visit a large number of countries. 因为地中海的目的地离得很近，所以你可以去很多国家。可知，地中海巡航的特别之处在于它提供了通向许多国家的入口。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Instead, stick to visiting the capital city of Valletta or the medieval town of Mdina. 相反，你应该坚持去
19、参观瓦莱塔的首都或者中世纪的姆迪那小镇。可知，在马耳他你最好去首都旅游。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Your ships shore excursion should include a knowledgeable guide. 你的船的岸上游览应该包括一个知识渊博的导游。可知，意大利索伦托之旅建议应该包括一个见多识广的导游。故选C项。BDerby and Osnabruck in Germany have been twinned since 1976.Town twinning started after the Second World War as a way o
20、f building strong inks and friendships with communities in other countries. Its central ideas are to build international co-operation and understanding within a diverse cultural framework. Special emphasis is placed on the involvement of young people, who serve as the foundation of the future. Anoth
21、er important goal is the exchange of ideas and innovation among the partner cities for the benefit of all sections of the twinned communities.Twinning for businesses and organisations If you have an interest in getting in contact with businesses and organisations from Osnabruck in order to set up ec
22、onomic links or to share good practice, please dont hesitate to email the Tourism Team.Educational and research linksOver the years many schools from across Derby and Derbyshire have established twinning links with schools from Osnabruck resulting in long lasting friendships as well as school exchan
23、ges and joint projects.If you represent a university or school and w Mike to explore ways in which you can twin with similar establishments in Osnabruck, please email the Tourism Team.Twinning for youth and adult groupsMany sport tournaments, theatres, art and other exchanges have been established o
24、ver the years between groups from Osnabruck and Derby.If you are interested in establishing a twinning link with a group from Osnabruck that shares the same interest as your group, email the Tourism Team.Visit your twin cityLocated in the North West of Germany, Osnabruck is a beautiful city and has
25、around 164,000 inhabitants.The city has a long and rich history, is surrounded by beautiful countryside and is a vibrant cultural place which offers lots of things to do and see for everyone.One of Osnabrucks cultural highlights each year is the May Week Festival, which is one of northern Germanys b
26、iggest music events. Bands from all over come to Osnabruck and you can enjoy their music live from over 10 open-air stages around the city centre. Have a pint of German beer and a Bratwurst while you enjoy the music with your family and friends!The biggest event towards the end of the year is Osnabr
27、ucks Christmas Market. The market attracts over a million visitors each year and was voted the best Christmas Market in northern Germany in 2004. The beautiful craft stalls, spicy Glhwein (mulled wine) and freshly-roasted almonds are waiting for you!For further information, see the Visit Derby websi
28、te.4. What does the underlined word “emphasis” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. importanceB. appearanceC. assistanceD. circumstance5. According to the text, which of the following statements is NOT true about the town twinning between Derby and Osnabruck?A. It has been focused on business links betwe
29、en the two citiesB. It has contributed to lasting friendships between their schoolsC. It has increased awareness of environmental-friendly means of transport.D. It has encouraged residents to visit their twin city.6. What do we know about Osnabruck in Germany?A. It is situated in the North East of G
30、ermany.B. One of its cultural highlights every other year is the May Week Festival.C. Its Christmas Market attracts more than a million visitors each year.D. Its Christmas Market was voted the best Christmas Market in Germany in 2004.7. What is the best title for the text?A. Town twinning has gained
31、 in popularity.B. Derby and Osnabruck-twinned for 44 years.C. Town twinning is beneficial to both of the cities.D. Town twinning is aimed at building friendship and understanding.【答案】4. A 5. C 6. C 7. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Derby和德国奥斯纳布吕克自1976年以来成双成对作为合作城市所走过的44年。【4题详解】词义猜测题。根据第1段中Another important goal
32、is the exchange of ideas and innovation among the partner cities for the benefit of all sections of the twinned communities.“另一个重要的目标是在合作城市之间交流思想和创新，以造福于所有的姐妹社区。”可知，Special emphasis is placed on the involvement of young people, who serve as the foundation of the future.“特别强调青年人的参与，青年人是未来的基础。”由此推知划线词
33、emphasis与important意思相近。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文Twinning for businesses and organisations “为企业和组织配对”；Educational and research links“教育及研究连结”和Visit your twin city“参观你的双子城”中的内容可知，A、B、D三项是正确的，而文中并未提到C项内容，所以C项是不正确的。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中The biggest event towards the end of the year is Osnabrucks Christmas M
34、arket. The market attracts over a million visitors each year and was voted the best Christmas Market in northern Germany in 2004.“对今年年底的最大的事件是奥斯纳布吕克的圣诞市场。圣诞集市每年吸引100多万游客，2004年被评为德国北部最佳圣诞集市。”由此可知，德国的奥斯纳布鲁克的圣诞市场每年吸引100多万游客。故选C。【7题详解】标题判断题。根据Derby and Osnabruck in Germany have been twinned since 1976.“
35、Derby和德国奥斯纳布吕克自1976年以来已经成双成对的。”由此可知它们已经经历了44年，所以B项为最佳主题。故选B。CHurricane Katrina, tropical cyclone (气旋) that struck the southeastern United States in late August 2005. The hurricane and its aftermath caused more than 1,800 deaths, and it is ranked as the costliest natural disaster in U. S history.The
36、storm that would later become Hurricane Katrina surfaced on August 23, 2005, approximately30 miles (560km) east of Miami and made landfall (踏上陆地) between Miami and Fort Lauderdale, Florida, as a category I hurricane. It quickly heightened when it reached the warm waters of the Gulf of Mexico. On the
37、 morning of August29, the storm made landfall (踏上陆地) again as a category 4 hurricane at Plaquemines Parish, Louisiana, about 45 mile (70 km) southeast of New Orleans.In New Orleans, where much of the area is below sea level, federal officials initially believed that the city had “dodged the bullet”
38、While New Orleans had been spared a direct hit by the strong winds of the storm, the true threat was soon apparent. The levee (防洪堤) system that held back the held back the waters of Lake Pontchartrain and Lake Borgne had been completely overwhelmed by 10 inches (25cm) of rain and Katrinas storm. Are
39、as east of the Industrial Canal were the first to flood; by the afternoon of August 29, some 20 percent of the city was underwater.New Orleans Mayor Ray Nagin had ordered a mandatory evacuation (强制的疏散) of the city the previous day, and an estimated 1.2 million people left ahead of the storm. However
40、, tens of thousands of residents could not or would not leave. They either remained in their homes or sought shelter at locations such as the New Orleans Convention Center or the Louisiana Superdome. Many local agencies found themselves unable to respond to the increasingly desperate situation, as t
41、heir own headquarters and control centres were under 20 feet (6 metres) of water.It was not until September 2 that an effective military presence was established in the city and National Guard troops was mobilized (动员) to give out food and water. As the recovery began, dozens of countries contribute
42、d funds and supplies, and Canada and Mexico sent troops to the Gulf Coast to assist with the cleanup and rebuilding. U.S. Army engineers pumped the last of the floodwaters out of the city on October 11, 2005, storm caused more than $160 billion in damage, and the population of New Orleans fell by 29
43、 percent between the fall of 2005 and 2011.8. When did hurricane Katrina strengthen quickly?A. When it surfaced approximately 350 miles (560 km) east of Miami.B. When it made landfall between Miami and Fort Lauder dale, Florida.C. When it reached the warm currents of the Gulf of Mexico.D. When it ma
44、de landfall at Plaquemines Parish, Louisiana.9. What did federal officials believe at first?A. They believed New Orleans had taken a risk.B. They believe New Orleans had avoided a disaster.C. They believe New Orleans had made a difference.D. They believed New Orleans had had an adventure.10. Why did
45、 local agencies find themselves unable to react to such an serious situation?A. Their headquarters and control centres were flooded.B. Their headquarters and control centres were under control.C. Their headquarters and control centres were understaffed.D. Their headquarters and control centres were
46、under construction.11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A An effective military presence was established in advance.B. New Orleans was lacking in food and drinkable water.C. Dozens of countries sent troops to assist with the cleanup and rebuilding.D. The population of New Orleans fell by
47、 29 percent in the autumn of 2005.【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述飓风Katrina重创新奥尔良，给新奥尔良带来了巨大的灾难。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段It quickly heightened when it reached the warm waters of the Gulf of Mexico（当它到达墨西哥湾温暖的水域时，它迅速得到加强）可知，Katrina飓风在遇到墨西哥湾暖流时得到加强的。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段In New Orleans, where muc
48、h of the area is below sea level, federal officials initially believed that the city had “dodged the bullet”（ 在新奥尔良，大部分地区低于海平面，联邦官员最初认为该市可以“躲过了一劫”）可知，一开始联邦官员认为新奥尔可以避开Katrina飓风。故选B项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段Many local agencies found themselves unable to respond to the increasingly desperate situation, a
49、s their own headquarters and control centers were under 20 feet (6 meters) of water（许多当地机构发现自己无力应对日益严峻的形势，因为他们自己的总部和控制中心都在20英尺(6米)深的水下）可知，当地机构无力顾及紧急情况是因为他们的总部和控制中心被水给淹了。故选A项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段It was not until September 2 that an effective military presence was established in the city and National G
50、uard troops was mobilized to give out food and water（直到9月2日，该市才建立了有效的军事存在，并动员国民警卫队分发食物和饮用水）可知，因为居民缺水和食物。所以才动员国民警卫队分发食物和饮用水。故选B项。DTwo-thirds of the worlds major rivers have now been disrupted (中断) with more than 50,000 dams in an attempt to stole water and provide power. In the US, there are more tha
51、n 85,000 dams, disrupting large and small rives and in most cases transforming natural flow. The most famous of these, the Hoover Dam constructed in the 1930s, is mainly responsible for the fact that the Colorado River no longer reaches the ocean.Dams besides all their attractive benefits also have
52、negative impacts. Creating a reservoir means a large area must be flooded. Communities may lose their land, houses and cultural relics. Downstream (在下游方向) of a dam, the flow may be reduced so that farmers cannot irrigate (灌溉) their field.Environmentally the new reservoir can be a paradise for wildli
53、fe especially birds. However it can cause greenhouse gas emissions (排放) and poison the water for fish. Also the dramatic rise and fall of water levels during dam releases is too extreme for plains and animals to cope with resulting in dead zones around the shores of reservoirs. Fish that lay their e
54、ggs in the sha Mows for example may find a few hours later that those sites are high and dry.Dams dont just block water flow. The flow may be reduced so that farmers will have great trouble getting water for their fields. They also prevent fish migrations and are a barrier to sediment (沉淀物) flows. I
55、nstead of rushing downriver sediments get backed up against the dam wall, which cause the reservoir level to increase over time. However, sediments which are rich in nutrients have become a problem. The fertility (富饶) of the entire system can be influenced with soils lost during seasonal rains not b
56、eing replaced.Perhaps the biggest problem can be seen in deltas (三角洲) often host to large cities, which are sinking into the oceans. Groundwater is being extracted to feed the city causing the urban weight to sink and sediments washed away by the ocean are no longer being replaced. The result is tha
57、t sea level rise in cities from Shanghai to Alexandria.12. What effects does creating a reservoir have on peoples life?a. People will see fewer birds near the rivers.b Farmers below the dam may have less water to irrigate their field.c. Visitors cant see some cultural relics anymore.d. More conflict
58、s and wars over water will break out.e. All kinds of fish will become extinct in the future.A. b cB. c eC. b eD. a c13. With many dams built across rivers fish will_.A. find more places to lay their eggsB. feed on more sediment rich in nutrientC. face a more dangerous living habitatD. find it easier
59、 to deal with the rise of water14. How can dams influence the cities like Shanghai?A. Its entire system will be influenced.B. It will lie below sea level in the future.C. The rainy season will last longer.D. Rich soils will be washed away.15. What does the text mainly talk about?A. Environmental ben
60、efits of dams.B. Cultural loss dam.C. Economical gain of dams.D. Environmental loss of dams.【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D【解析】分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了建造水坝给人们的生活及自然环境带来的一些消极影响。【12题详解】细节理解题。题目询问建造水库对人们生活的影响，由第二段中的Downstream (在下游方向) of a dam, the flow may be reduced so that farmers cannot irrigate (灌溉) their fiel
61、d.可知，水坝下游的农民们没有足够的水来灌溉土地，与选项中b意思一致。再由第二段中的Communities may lose their land, houses and cultural relics.可知，水坝附近的地区可能会失去他们的土地，房子和文化遗迹，这也就导致游客不再能够参观到这些文化遗迹了，与选项中c意思一致。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中的However it can cause greenhouse gas emissions (排放) and poison the water for fish.可知，水库的建造会导致鱼类生活的水有毒，再由第四段中的They
62、also prevent fish migrations可知，水库的建造会阻碍鱼类的迁徙。综合上述两点可知，随着大量的水库的建造，鱼类面临着更加危险的生活栖息地。故选C项。【14题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段中的The result is that sea level rise in cities from Shanghai to Alexandria.可知，大量的水坝的修建会导致从上海市到亚历山大市的海平面上升。换句话说，未来上海市会位于海平面以下。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第二段Dams besides all their attractive benefits also
63、have negative impacts.第三段However it can cause greenhouse gas emissions (排放) and poison the water for fish.及第四段Dams dont just block water flow. The flow may be reduced so that farmers will have great trouble getting water for their fields.可知，本文主要讲的是建造水坝所引起的环境损失。故选D项。【点睛】主旨大意题的解题方法：浏览全文，抓住关键字眼，把握主旨。例如
64、本篇文章中的第4小题，首先，浏览全文，抓住关键字眼。根据文章第二段Dams besides all their attractive benefits also have negative impacts.可知，文章主要讲述的建造大坝带来的消极影响，再根据第三段However it can cause greenhouse gas emissions (排放) and poison the water for fish.及第四段Dams dont just block water flow. The flow may be reduced so that farmers will have g
65、reat trouble getting water for their fields.可以，推断出文章主要讲述的是建造水坝引起的环境方面的损失，最后分析选项，即可得出正确答案。第二节（共5小题：每小题3分，满分15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Long holidays give you a chance to relax and step away from your busy studies for some fun time with your loved ones. _16_. Here are a few ways to ma
66、ke money during the holiday.Got spare textbooks? Sell them offAs we all know, textbooks are expensive, Why not sell the books you no longer need for a bit of extra cash over the holidays? _17_.Pick up a temporary retail (零售) jobIf you like holiday retail, you can make quite a bit of money by picking
67、 up a few hours at a nearby big-box store. _18_.Be a private teacher onlineThere are always going to be people who need some help with their education. Are you good at math? Use those skills to help people get through their own schooling._19_For many of you the holidays are a time of relaxation. The
68、y can be different for you. They can also be an opportunity to make a ton of money on the side._20_If you use your imagination, Im certain you can come up with even more. Of course, you can do all of them at once or in any combination you see fit.A. Do something helpful for othersB. After all, shops
69、 can offer a lot of goodsC. Start considering a different holiday lifeD. Give yourself a chance to make some moneyE. Almost everyone is going to look for extra employeesF. Besides, you can also make money by selling your old belongingsG. What Ive presented is only a few ways to make money during the
70、 holiday【答案】16. D 17. F 18. E 19. C 20. G【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者在文章中介绍了一些在假期赚钱的方法。【16题详解】根据下一句Here are a few ways to make money during the holiday. 这里有一些在假期赚钱的方法。可知，此处内容与在假期里赚钱有关，选项D“给自己一个赚钱的机会。”符合题意。故选D项。【17题详解】根据小标题Got spare textbooks? Sell them off有多余的教科书吗?卖了它们；以及上一句Why not sell the books you no longer ne
71、ed for a bit of extra cash over the holidays? 为什么不在假期里卖掉你不再需要的书来赚点外快呢?可知，此处内容与通过卖东西赚钱有关，选项F“此外，你也可以通过卖掉你的旧物品来赚钱。”符合题意。故选F项。【18题详解】根据上一句If you like holiday retail, you can make quite a bit of money by picking up a few hours at a nearby big-box store. 如果你喜欢假日零售，你可以通过在附近的大型商店花几个小时的时间来赚钱。可知，此处内容与你可以在附近的
72、商店做假日零售有关，选项E“几乎每个商店都会寻找额外的员工”符合题意。故选E项。【19题详解】根据下文They can be different for you. They can also be an opportunity to make a ton of money on the side. 它们对你来说可以是不同的。它们也可以是一个赚取大量的钱的机会。可知，此处是本段的小标题，内容与不同的假期生活有关，选项C“开始考虑一种不同的假期生活”符合题意。故选C项。【20题详解】根据下一句If you use your imagination, Im certain you can come
73、up with even more. 如果你发挥你的想象力，我相信你能想出更多。可知，此处是总结句，内容与概述本文是介绍一些在假期赚钱的方法有关，选项G“我所介绍的只是一些在假期赚钱的方法。”符合题意。故选G项。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分55分）第一节（共20小题：每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Are small cities the smartest?When you _21_ of urban transformations (转变), you _22_ to think of high-rise
74、mega-cities like Shanghai, Dubai or Hong Kong. Or if its technological advances, San Francisco and Silicon Valley might come to _23_.But, the cities at the forefront (处于前列) of this growing urban revolution are often the _24_.Take Kalasatama, a city being built from scratch on the outskirts (市郊) of H
75、elsinki, Finland. Developers say that by its _25_ in 2030, residents will get an average hour of their day back by living there.Finlands smart city Kalasatama is custom-built to make daily life more _26_. City residents will never again be _27_ behind a rubbish lorry on their commute. Engineers have
76、 equipped the whole city with a vacuum waste system, where people _28_ take their trash to a port and it gets sucked (抽吸) to an underground disposal (处理) center. Another time-saving design is the city layout (布局) itself. Public services, such as schools, hospitals and transportation are close to one
77、 another and easily _29_.“ Five more minutes walking in the park, five more minutes with the kids before I have to _30_work, five more minutes earlier at home,” Kerkko Vanhanen, the program director for Smart Kalasatama, tells CNN. Your life is easier because of living in the most _31_ city in the w
78、orld,” he adds.However, only 3, 500 people currently live in Kalasatama. By 2030, developers hope to have _32_ 25,000 people and created 10,000 jobs.Cities dont have to be custom-built to be able to unlock this potential. The ancient cliffside city of Matera in southern Italy is working to become on
79、e of the first 5G-enabled _33_ in Europe.It believes 5G can help it become a center of _34_ tourism, using technology such as Virtual Reality to display the cultural and artistic heritage of the city that was named European Capital of Culture in 2019.High-tech conveniences _35_ sharing personal data
80、.“Data about you is used for delivering all sorts of both public and private services. And people are _36_ about what that means to their _37_,” says Reichental.As smart cities develop, governments need to _38_the trust of citizens to use their private data _39_, says Udo Kock, deputy mayor of Amste
81、rdam, where an open data program is helping to make it one of Europes most innovative environments.“Dont think of Smart Cities as just a technology solution. think of it as cooperation. _40_communities and citizens so its very important for governments to work together with businesses and private ci
82、tizens, says Kock.21. A. seeB. hearC. smellD. taste22. A. tryB. tendC. intendD. keep23. A. mindB. ageC. faceD. back24. A. crazyB. seriousC. unexpectedD. artificial25. A. competitionB. cooperationC. completionD. combination26. A. efficientB. hardC. enormousD. risky27. A. struckB. stressedC. poweredD.
83、 stuck28. A. easilyB. possiblyC. fortunatelyD. simply29. A. affordableB. fashionableC. changeableD. accessible30. A. date fromB. leave forC. hold backD. rely on31. A. quietB. functionalC. alternativeD. historical32. A. housedB. discoveredC. harnessedD. switched33. A. villagesB. roadsC. citiesD. lake
84、s34. A. equalB. optimisticC. digitalD. narrow35. A. get rid ofB. come at the cost ofC. run out ofD. bring an end to36. A. concernedB. proudC. thrilledD. uninterested37. A. resourcesB. destinationC. solutionD. privacy38. A. gainB. loseC. mixD. attach39. A. happilyB. definitelyC. responsiblyD. stupidl
85、y40. A. ArgueB. CommandC. InvolveD. Charge【答案】21. B 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. D 29. D 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. C 35. B 36. A 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。以芬兰的智能城市Kalasatama为例讲述了什么是智能城市以及智能城市的发展状况。【21题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：当你听说城市转变时，你往往会想到像上海、迪拜或者香港那样的高层特大城市。A. see看见；B. hear听见；C. smell闻
86、起来；D. taste尝起来。hear of意为“听说”，是固定搭配，其它三个选项不与of搭配，故选B。【22题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：当你听说城市转变时，你往往会想到像上海、迪拜或者香港那样的高层特大城市。A. try尝试；B. tend往往，常常；C. intend打算；D. keep保持。根据后文转折词“But”可知，前后句意相反，后文说处于城市改革前沿的往往出乎意料，所以前文是指意料之内的，人们常常会想到的，故选B。【23题详解】考查固定搭配和名词辨析。句意：或者如果是科技进步的话，你可能会想到旧金山和硅谷。A. mind思想；B. age年龄；C. face脸，面；D. back后
87、部。根据前文“think of”可知，此处也是“想到”，come to mind意为“想到”，是固定搭配，故选A。【24题详解】考察形容词辨析。句意：但是，在城市改革中处于前列的往往出乎意料。A. crazy疯狂的；B. serious严肃的；C. unexpected意外的；D. artificial人造的。根据标题“Are small cities the smartest?”可知，最智能的城市是小城市，与前文提到的人们往往想到的上海等大城市不同，所以是“意外的”，故选C。【25题详解】考察名词辨析。句意：开发者们说到了2030年完工的时候，居民们会通过住在那里每天挣回一小时。A. com
88、petition比赛；B. cooperation 合作；C. completion 完成；D.combination合并。根据“being built”可知，城市还在建设中，到2030年为完工时间，故选C。【26题详解】考察形容词辨析。句意：芬兰的智能城市Kalasatama是定制的，目的是让日常生活更高效。A.efficient高效的；B. hard坚硬的；C. enormous巨大的；D. risky冒险的。根据前文中说居民们会通过住在那里每天挣回一小时，以及后文中提到该城市的生活设施的各种便利可知，是让日常生活更高效，故选A。【27题详解】考察动词辨析。句意：城市居民不会再在上下班的路
89、上被困在垃圾车后面。A. struck 打击；B. stressed强调；C. powered驱动；D. stuck 插，粘。根据后文中讲人们现在可以把垃圾放在港口，垃圾会被抽吸到地下处理中心可知，原来人们是没有这种垃圾处理系统的，要追着垃圾车的，be stuck意为“被困”，故选D。【28题详解】考察副词辨析。句意：工程师们现在在整个城市安装了真空垃圾处理系统，通过系统人们可以简单地把垃圾放在港口，垃圾会被抽吸到地下处理中心。A. easily 容易地；B. possibly可能地；C. fortunately幸运地；D. simply简单地。根据前文讲之前人们要追着垃圾车丢垃圾可知后文形容
90、的垃圾处理系统非常简便，故选D。【29题详解】考察形容词辨析。句意：例如学校、医院和交通等公共服务彼此很相近并且容易使用。A. affordable 买得起的；B. fashionable流行的；C. changeable可改变的；D. accessible可使用的。根据前文对公共系统的描述可知，这些公共服务系统是方便使用的，故选D。【30题详解】考察动词词组辨析。句意：可以多五分钟在公园里散步，多五分钟在上班之前和孩子在一起，早五分钟在家。A. date from追溯到；B. leave for动身去；C. hold back阻拦，隐瞒；D. rely on依靠。根据后文中“Your lif
91、e is easier”可知生活更容易了，所以是在上班前能多五分钟和孩子在一起，leave for work意为“去上班”，故选B。【31题详解】考察形容词辨析。句意：因为住在世界上最具功能性的城市，你的生活变得更容易。A. quiet安静的；B. functional功能性的；C. alternative可供替代的；D. historical历史上的。根据前文讲述的这座城市各种便捷的公共服务系统，可知它是最具功能性的城市，故选B。【32题详解】考察动词辨析。句意：到了2030年，开发者们希望能为25000个人提供住处并创造10000个工作岗位。A. housed 储存，给提供住处；B. di
92、scovered发现；C. harnessed控制，利用；D. switched转换。根据前文“only 3, 500 people currently live in Kalasatama”（现在只有3500个人住在Kalasatama）可知，开发者们希望能有更多的人入住，故选A。【33题详解】考察名词辨析。句意：这座古老的意大利南部马特拉的悬崖上的城市正在努力成为欧洲首批能够使用5G的城市。A. villages乡村；B. roads道路；C. cities城市；D. lakes湖。句子主语为city，所以是“能够使用5G的城市”，故选C。【34题详解】考察形容词辨析。句意：它相信5G可以
93、帮助它成为数码旅游的中心，使用像虚拟现实这样的技术来展示这座在2019年被命名为欧洲文化之都的城市的文化和艺术遗产。A. equal平等的；B. optimistic乐观的；C. digital数码的；D. narrow狭窄的。由“technology such as Virtual Reality”可知是“数码旅游”，故选C。【35题详解】考察动词词组辨析。句意：高科技的便捷的代价是共享个人数据。A. get rid of去除；B. come at the cost of 代价是；C. run out of 耗尽；D. bring an end to结束。根据“Data about you
94、is used for delivering all sorts of both public and private services”可知，输送各种公共和私人的服务要用到你的数据，所以这些服务是以共享个人数据为代价的，故选B。【36题详解】考察形容词辨析。句意：并且人们关心这对他们的隐私意味着什么。A. concerned关心的，担忧的；B. proud骄傲的；C. thrilled兴奋的；D. uninterested不感兴趣的。根据后文“the trust of citizens”可知人们并不信任对于自己私人数据的使用，所以很担忧，故选A。【37题详解】考察名词辨析。句意：并且人们关心
95、这对他们的隐私意味着什么。A. resources资源；B. destination目的地；C. solution解决办法；D. privacy隐私。根据前文提到高科技的便捷的代价是共享个人数据，可知人们会关心自己的隐私是否会受到侵犯，故选D。【38题详解】考察动词辨析。句意：随着智能城市的发展，政府需要取得市民的信任，以便负责任地使用他们的私人数据。A. gain获得；B. lose失去；C. mix混合；D. attach附加。前文提到市民们担心自己的隐私安全，所以政府需要取得市民的信任，故选A。【39题详解】考察副词辨析。句意：随着智能城市的发展，政府需要取得市民的信任，以便负责任地使用
96、他们的私人数据。A. happily高兴地；B. definitely确切地；C. responsibly负责地； D. stupidly愚蠢地。因为市民们担心自己的隐私安全，政府要取得市民的信任，可知使用他们的私人数据需要负责任，故选C。【40题详解】考察动词辨析。句意：让社区和市民们都参与进来，所以对政府来说和企业与个人市民合作非常重要。A. Argue讨论；B. Command命令；C. Involve使参加；D. Charge控告。根据前文中提到“think of it as cooperation”（把它认为是合作）可知，是社区和市民们合作，故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分
97、，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式CONFUCIUS_41_has been known in China as Kung Tzu, is one of the most _42_ (influence) philosophers.Confucius was born in 551 B C. in the state of Lu, in the southern part of the present Shandong province in eastern China. He lived in _43_ (poor) in his youth, bu
98、t entered the government of Lu and by the time he was fifty, he _44_(reach) high official rank. As a result of political intrigue (阴谋), however, he was soon forced _45_ (resign) his position and go into exile (流亡). For the next thirteen years he traveled from state to state always _46_ (hope) to fin
99、d an opportunity to realize his ideal of political and social reform. Nowhere, however, did he succeed, and finally as an old man he returned to Lu, _47_ he died three years later in 479 B.C._48_ is more significant and unique is that Confucius was Chinas first private teacher. According to traditio
100、n, he had several thousand students, of whom several tens became famous _49_ (thinker). Known_50_Confucianism, his ideas are best known through Confucian Analects, a collection of his sayings which was compiled by some of his followers. 【答案】41. who 42. influential 43. poverty 44. had reached 45. to
101、resign 46. hoping 47. where 48. What 49. thinkers 50. as【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了孔子的生平以及孔子的儒家思想。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：孔子在中国被称为孔夫子。分析句子，划线部分充当了主语，所以此处需填引导词。从句的先行词为名词即CONFUCIUS，故后面的从句为定语从句。定语从句部分缺主语，引导词用关系代词。此处的先行词为“人”。故填who。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：孔子在中国被称为孔夫子，是最有影响力的哲学家之一。分析句子，提示词的词性为名词，此处需将其改为形容词来修饰后面的名词philosophers。故填i
102、nfluential。【43题详解】考查名词。句意：他年轻时生活贫困，后来进了鲁国的政府。分析句子，in是介词，后面接名词充当宾语。故需将提示词变为名词。in poverty 译为“贫穷”，是固定短语。故填poverty。【44题详解】考查时态。句意：到他五十岁的时候，他的官阶已经很高了。分析句子， by the time译为到的时候，后面接动词过去时或过去时间时。主句部分用过去完成时。故填had reached。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，由于政治阴谋，他很快被迫辞职并流亡国外。分析句子，简单句中除了提示词外还有谓语动词was forced，故此处需填入非谓语动词。根据固定搭配
103、be forced to do sth. 译为被迫做某事，是固定搭配。故此处需填to resign。【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在接下来的十三年里，他走遍了各个国，总是希望找到一个机会来实现他的政治和社会改革的理想。分析句子，简单句中除了提示词外已有谓语动词traveled，所以此处需填非谓语动词。提示词hope和逻辑主语he表示主动关系。故填hoping。【47题详解】考查定语从句。句意：然而，他在任何地方都没有成功。最后，他年老时回到了鲁国，三年后死于公元前479年。分析句子，划线后从句的先行词为名词，故从句是定语从句。分析从句结构可知，从句部分缺状语。所以此处需用关系副词。从句的
104、先行词是“鲁国”。故填where。【48题详解】考查主语从句。句意：更重要和独特的是孔子是中国的第一位私人教师。分析句子，划线处属于主语从句。分析成分可知，主语从句部分缺“主语”，所以引导词需要用连接代词。分析句意，此处缺“什么”之意 。故填What。【49题详解】考查名词复数。句意：按照传统，他有几千名学生，其中几十人成为著名的思想家。分析句子，thinker 译为思想家，是可数名词。此处需表示复数。故填thinkers。【50题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：他的思想被称为儒家思想，最著名的是由他的一些追随者编撰的论语。分析句子，（be）known as 是固定短语。译为“被认为是；以而出名”。
105、此处be 动词被省略，用Known过去分词作状语。故填as。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。We teenager spend our pocket m
106、oney in different ways. A few of us spent the pocket money on meaningful things while most of us cannot manage your money well. The following ups may useful.Firstly, divide the money into different parts. By doing so, we can well understand that our money is spent on but how much we spend. Secondly,
107、 make a budget (预算) , which help us get into the habit of spending money wise. Opening an bank account is a good idea. Lastly, save some extra money up for future use. For example, I always save some money so that I can buy my parents for a birthday gift or help people in need.【答案】1. teenagerteenage
108、rs；2.spentspend；3.yourour；4.在may后加be；5.thatwhat；6.butand；7.helphelps；8.wisewisely；9.ana；10.去掉parents后面的for【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。青少年花零用钱的方式不同，一些人把零花钱花在有意义的事情上，而大多数人却不能很好地管理自己的钱。文章介绍了有效使用零花钱的方式。【详解】1.考查名词复数。句意：我们青少年花零用钱的方式不同。此处作we的同位语，应用teenager的复数形式。故把teenager改成teenagers。2.考查一般现在时态。句意：我们中的一些人把零花钱花在有意义的事情上，
109、而大多数人却不能很好地管理我们的钱。这里在说一个客观事实，所以句子用一般现在时态，且主语是A few of us是复数概念。故把spent改成spend。3.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：我们中的一些人把零花钱花在有意义的事情上，而大多数人却不能很好地管理我们的钱。根据前面的us可知，此处用形容词性的物主代词our。故把your改成our。4.考查be动词。句意：下面的内容可能是有用的。情态动词may后面跟动词原形，形容词前要用be动词。故在may后加be。5.考查宾语从句引导词。句意：通过这样做，我们可以很好地了解我们的钱花在了什么上面以及我们花了多少。动词understand后面是宾语从句，
110、且从句中介词on缺少宾语，所以这里的引导词要其双重作用。连词that只起引导作用、无实意，而what既能引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中作on的介词，指代“花钱的事情”。故把that改成what。6.考查并列连词。句意：通过这样做，我们可以很好地了解我们的钱花在了什么上面以及我们花了多少。此处“在了什么上面以及我们花了多少”是并列关系，不是转折关系，故把but改成and。7.考查主谓一致。句意：其次，做预算，这有助于我们养成明智花钱的习惯。前面整个句子作先行词，且作后面非限制性定语从句的主语，谓语动词用单数形式，故把help改成helps。8.考查副词。句意：这有助于我们养成明智花钱习惯。句中spe
111、nding是动词，由副词修饰，故把wise改成wisely。9.考查冠词。句意：在银行开户是个好主意。句中bank是以辅音音素开头的词，表示“一”时前面加a。故把an改成a。10.考查固定搭配。句意：我总是存一些钱，这样我就可以给父母买生日礼物或者帮助需要帮助的人。固定搭配：buy sb. sth.“买给某人某物”。故把parents后面的for去掉。第二节 书面表达（满分25分）52.假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Brad给你发来邮件，提到他上周作为交换生来到太原的一所学校学习，但感觉很难融入新学校。请你用英语给他回信，提一些建议。要点包括：1.求助于父母和老师；2.乐于助人；3.参加活动注意：
112、1.词数110左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_【答案】Dear Brad,I am delighted to learn that you came to study at a senior high in Taiyuan as an exchange student last week. However, I am deeply sorry to hear that you find it difficult to fit in at your new school. It is my pleasure to offer you some advice.For starters,
113、 youd better seek help from your parents and teachers. Moreover, it is a good idea to help others when necessary. If you are always ready to help others, they will definitely enjoy your company. Lastly, why not take an active part in some activities? I do hope my advice is of great help to you. Look
114、ing forward to a reply at your earliest convenience.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲类写作。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Brad给你发来邮件，提到他上周作为交换生来到太原的一所学校学习，但感觉很难融入新学校。请你用英语给他回信，提一些建议。要点包括：1.求助于父母和老师；2.乐于助人；3.参加活动第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：an exchange student (交换生)；deeply sorry (非常抱歉)；fit in (融入)；seek help(寻求帮助)；take an
115、 active part in (积极参加)等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时和一般过去时。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如However, I am deeply sorry to hear that you find it difficult to fit in at your new school.运用了宾语从句；If you are always ready to help others, they will definitely enjoy your company.运用了条件状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
