1、河南省重点高中2020-2021学年高二英语上学期12月阶段性测试试题（二）（含解析）考生注意:1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上 的指定位置。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦 干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下
2、面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:How much is the shirt?A.19.15. B.9.18. C.9.15.答案是C。1. What is the man speaker going to do on Sunday?A. Visit his mother. B. Do some gardening. C. Move into a new house.2. What does the man think the building might be
3、?A. An apartment building. B. A hotel. C. A department store.3. Where does the conversation take place?A. In a store. B. In a bank. C. In a classroom.4. When will the next bus come?A. At 6: 35. B. At 6 :45. C. At 7 :00.5. When does the conversation probably take place?A. At 4: 30 p. m. B. At 5 : 00
4、p. m. C. At 5:30 p. m.第二节(共15小题海小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答 时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Whats the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Friends. B. Neighbors. C. Customer and waitress.7. How will Bill and Ma
5、ry go home?A. By bus. B, By taxi. C. By subway.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What does the woman want to buy?A Desks. B. Chairs. C. Computers.9. What discount will the woman get?A. 15% off. B. 12% off. C.10% off.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. How did the man speaker learn about the house?A. He heard about it from his wif
6、e.B. He saw it on South Florida Street.C. He read about it in the newspaper.11. How many bathrooms are there in the house?A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.12. What is the mans main concern about the house?A. The age. B. The price. C. The location.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. What do the speakers both probably agr
7、ee with?A. People need cars to buy groceries.B. Having a car can make people lazy.C. Cars are bad for the environment.14. Why does the woman drive her car every day?A. Driving is convenient.B. She thinks its cheap.C. There is no subway in her city.15. What can be known about the man?A. He spends a l
8、ot on gas.B. He gets to work by bike.C. He needs to get back in shape.16. Where will the woman probably go next?A. To a gym. B. To the supermarket. C. To a used car market.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. How did Jim feel about going to England?A. Surprised. B. Nervous. C. Sad.18. Where was Shakespeare born?A.
9、 In London. B. In Cambridge. C. In Stratford-upon-Avon.19. What was the main job of Shakespeares father?A. He was a writer. B. He was a tour guide. C. He was a glove maker.20. Why did Shakespeare write unusual plays?A. He got a free education.B. He never went to university.C. He traveled around the
10、world.第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ACity Ticket for weekend travel on Metro-NorthIf youre traveling on Metro-North Railroad within New York City on weekend, you can get a city Ticket.Price .City Tickets cost $4. 50 and are good for one-way tra
11、vel that begins and ends within New York City as long as riders continue their trips in the same direction. On Metro-North, you can use a City Ticket for tripHarlem line trains between the Bronx and Manhattan.How to buy a City TicketYou can buy a City Ticket at a ticket office, a ticket machine, or
12、on the eTix app on your phone. Not stations have ticket windows open on weekends, but all stations have ticket machines. You cannot buy a City Ticket onboard a train. City Tickets are available starting at 12 : 01 a. m. on Saturday through 11:59 p. m. on Sunday. They must be used on the day of purch
13、ase (购买). You have an extra period that allows you to travel until 4 a. m. on Sunday or Monday morning for tickets purchased on Saturdays or Sundays, respectively (分别地).City Ticket limitationsYou cant use a City Ticket : For travel to or from Belmont Park station which is only open during special ev
14、ents, or the Far Rockaway Station because these trips travel through Nassau County. On New Haven Line trains between Manhattan and Fordham Station. City Ticket can be used for direct travel only. You cannot change direction at junction points. $10 is required for per refund (退票).1. Which trip can th
15、e City Ticket be used for?A. A one-way trip to Belmont Park station.B. A trip from the Far Rockaway Station.C. A round trip within New York City.D. A trip from the Bronx to Manhattan.2. Where cant you buy a City Ticket?A. At a subway station.B. From a ticket machine.C. On a mobile phone app.D. On th
16、e train you have taken.3. When can you use a City Ticket bought on Saturday?A. At 2 a. m. on Sunday.B. All through the week.C. Any time in the month.D. At 10 a. m. on Monday.【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A【解析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了纽约大都会北方铁路线上的城市票,包括其票价、购买方式、使用限制等。【1题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段 “City Tickets cost $4. 50 and are good
17、for one-way travel that begins and ends within New York City as long as riders continue their trips in the same direction. ”（ 城市票价4.5美元，行程的起点和终点皆在纽约市内。只要乘客继续行驶在同一个方向，是很好的单程旅行。）及第三段“Harlem line trains between the Bronx and Manhattan.”（ Bronx和Manhattan之间的Harlem线列车。）可知，该城市票可用于Bronx和Manhattan之间的Harlem单程
18、线路。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。由文章第四段 “You can buy a City Ticket at a ticket office, a ticket machine, or on the eTix app on your phone. Not stations have ticket windows open on weekends, but all stations have ticket machines. You cannot buy a City Ticket onboard a train.”（ 你可以在售票处、售票机或者你手机上的 eTix 应用程序上购买城市票。不
19、是所有的车站都在周末开放售票窗口，而是所有的车站都有售票机。你不能在火车上买到城市票。）可知，不能在火车上购买城市票。故选D项。【3题详解】推理判断题。由文章第六段 “They must be used on the day of purchase (购买).”（城市票必须在购票当天使用。）及第七段“You have an extra period that allows you to travel until 4 a. m. on Sunday or Monday morning for tickets purchased on Saturdays or Sundays, respectiv
20、ely (分别地).” （对于在周六或周日购买的城市票，你有额外的时间可以分别在周日或周一凌晨4点前出行。）可知，周六购买的城市票可以在周日早晨2点使用。故选A项。BGrace Murray was born in New York City in 1906. She liked working out how things worked. When she was 7, she took apart her alarm clock. All the parts flew out of the clock, but she couldnt make sense of the mechanism
21、. Instead of giving up, she dismantled all the other alarm clocks in the house, determined to discover how they worked.Graces parents encouraged her curiosity. They took her to museums, libraries, concerts, and lectures. When Grace was 8, her father became ill and had to have both legs cut off. He n
22、ever complained. His bravery inspire Grace to face challenges head-on. If her father could be so brave, Grace felt that she could conquer anything.Graces father worried that he might not always be able to provide for his daughters. He wanted them to get a good education and be able to support themse
23、lves. He encouraged them to go to college and create their better future. Grace started at Vassar College when she was 17, She studied math and physics. Then she went to graduate school at Yale. With a PhD in mathematics, the little girl whod spent her days dealing with clocks Would become one of th
24、e greatest computer minds of her generation.After graduating from Yale, Grace joined the U. S. Naval Reserve(海军预备役), where she worked on the first large automatic(自动的)calculator in the U. S. Her team came up with new ways to interact with computer data. Grace believed the data should be similar to h
25、uman language. Later, she helped develop a computer language called COBOL, which uses English words.Graces was as a pioneer in computer science. At a time when women were rarely seen in STEM ( Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) fields, she worked with other experts to develop computer
26、 programming as its known today.4. What does the underlined word “dismantled” in paragraph 1 mean?A. Made.useless.B. Sold out.C. Tookto pieces.D. Fixed over.5. What did Graces father bring to her?A. A lot of wealth.B. The love for nature.C. The unique curiosity.D. The unbeatable spirit.6. Why did Gr
27、aces father encourage his daughters to go to college?A. He thought they should stand on their own feet.B. He couldnt earn his own living for his poor health.C. He was unwilling to support his daughters any longer.D. He wished to leave home for a better education and life.7. Which of the following is
28、 Grace s achievement?A. Joining the U. S. Naval Reserve as a woman.B. Inspiring more women to enter STEM fields.C. Helping develop a kind of English computer language.D. Building the first large automatic calculator in the U. S.【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Grace Murray在计算机领域取得成功的故事。【4题详解】
29、词句猜测题。根据划线单词前文“When she was 7, she took apart her alarm clock. All the parts flew out of the clock, but she couldnt make sense of the mechanism.”（当她7岁时，她把闹钟拆开了。所有的零件都从钟里飞出去了，但她弄不懂这个机械装置。）可知，她曾把钟表拆开，零件纷乱，此处承接上文，说的是她没有放弃，而是继续“拆”家里所有闹钟，由此可知画线词词义为“拆开”。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“His bravery inspire Grace
30、 to face challenges head-on. If her father could be so brave, Grace felt that she could conquer anything.”（ 他的勇敢激励了Grace直面挑战。如果她的父亲能够如此勇敢，Grace觉得她能战胜任何事情）可知，父亲带给她的是“打不败的勇敢精神”。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Graces father worried that he might not always be able to provide for his daughters. He wanted them t
31、o get a good education and be able to support themselves. He encouraged them to go to college and create their better future.”（ 的父亲担心他可能不能一直养活他的女儿们。他希望她们能够接受良好的教育，能够养活自己。他鼓励她们上大学，创造更美好的未来。）可知，父亲希望孩子能够自食其力。故选A项。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Grace believed the data should be similar to human language. Later, s
32、he helped develop a computer language called COBOL, which uses English words.”（ Grace认为这些数据应该与人类的语言相似。后来，她帮助开发了一种名为 COBOL 的计算机语言，它使用英语单词。）可知，Grace的贡献之一就是帮助开发一种英语计算机语言。故选C项。CAs climate change affects the planet, the world is turning to seaweed (海草)as a possible settlement and play a huge role in figh
33、ting climate change. It is used to create natural fuel and renewable plastics. It helps improve oceanic ecosystems.People think of forests as the best defense(防护)against climate change. But some researchers say seaweed is a better settlement. Unlike trees, seaweed doesnt need fertilizers or fresh wa
34、ter. It grows faster than trees do. And it doesnt require any land. Most importantly, it absorbs carbon from the environment.Seaweed could also become a key global food source. Many worry about the environmental influence of eating meat. Could seaweed farms provide enough protein for the world? Carl
35、os Duarte, a professor of oceanic ecology thinks so. When you look at how we are going to feed the world population by 2050, in a way that doesnt harm the environment, there is only one pathway, he says. Seaweed fanning.In the past decade or so, global seaweed production has doubled. In British Colu
36、mbia, seaweed farming becoming popular. For thousands of years, First Nations people, the native people of Canada, have farmed on land and in the ocean. Seaweed farming helps them create economies of their own that agree with their traditions. Their role has always been to connect with the land and
37、repair it.Seaweed might fight climate change but it isnt without risks. If it isnt harvested, it can go bad and give off carbon back into the air or water. Growing too much of it could also affect the amount of light that reaches species living deeper in the water. That would be dangerous for underw
38、ater ecosystems. So some scientists think seaweed can be a part of the settlement to climate change, but its not a perfect one on its own.8. What is an advantage of seaweed in fighting climate change compared with trees?A. Growing taller.B. Using fewer resources.C. Living longer.D. Absorbing more ca
39、rbon.9. What is Carlos Duartes attitude to growing seaweed to feed the world?A. Unclear.B. Doubtful.C. Uncaring.D. Supportive.10. What can we learn from the text?A. First Nations people have changed their traditions.B. Seaweed farming has its origin in British Columbia.C. Seaweed farming isnt risk-f
40、ree for the environment.D. Global seaweed production has been less in recent years.11. What is the best title for the text?A. Seaweed Farming for FoodB. Seaweed Production in the WorldC. Seaweed Creating Natural FuelD. Seaweed in Environmental Protection【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海草对环
41、境的保护作用，海草种植的好处及海草种植有可能对环境带来的影响。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Unlike trees, seaweed doesnt need fertilizers or fresh water.（与树木不同，海草不需要肥料或淡水。）”和“And it doesnt require any land”（它不需要任何土地）可知，海草与树木相比的优势之一是它使用更少的肥料、淡水和土壤等资源，故选B项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Could seaweed farms provide enough protein for the world? Carlos Dua
42、rte, a professor of oceanic ecology thinks so.（海草养殖场能为全世界提供足够的蛋白质吗?海洋生态学教授Carlos Duarte特认为可以。）”和“When you look at how we are going to feed the world population by 2050, in a way that doesnt harm the environment, there is only one pathway- Seaweed fanning.（到2050年，我们将如何在不损害环境的前提下养活世界人口，当你想到这一点时，只有一条路海
43、藻）”可知，Carlos Duarte对通过种植海草来供给全世界的食物这项计划是非常支持的。故选D项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Seaweed might fight climate change but it isnt without risks.（海草或许可以对抗气候变化，但并非没有风险。）”和“If it isnt harvested, it can go bad and give off carbon back into the air or water.（如果它不被采集，它就会腐烂，把碳释放回空气或水中。）”可知，海藻种植并非对环境完全无害，故选C项。【11题详解】主
44、旨大意题。文章第1、2段写了海草对环境的保护作用，第3、4段写海草种植的好处及全世界种植海草的规模，最后一段写海草种植有可能对环境带来的影响。选项D“海草的环保意义”最能综合概括全文主要内容，故选D项。DCaleb Arnold loves birds-especially hummingbirds. The 7-year-old boy knows a lot about his favorite animal. They pollinate(授粉)plants, and they re pretty and small, he says. But theres one thing Cale
45、b didnt know: hummingbirds see a wider range(范围)of colors than we do.It makes sense that Caleb didnt know this. Few people did for sure, until June 15,2020, when researchers published a report in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. It confirmed the fact that scientists have long suspect
46、ed. Birds are experiencing a more colorful world that is above our own. A team of scientists conducted a three-year experiment to find out if hummingbirds are able to tell apart colors that look the same to humans.To understand the experiment, it1 s important to know how color vision works. There ar
47、e three types of tiny color-sensitive cones(锥细胞)in the human eye. Birds, and some other animals, have a fourth. This means they can also see ultraviolet (紫外线)colors. The ultraviolet cone type allows birds to see combination colons that humans cant, like ultraviolet green and ultraviolet red. Biologi
48、sts studying birds have supposed that birds can see these, but its been challenging to test this idea.Thats exactly what the team did. They put two bird feeders in the wild. One contained ordinary water. The other contained sugar water. Both feeders held a specially designed LED light sticksort of a
49、 bird-vision light tube-that changed colors. If we are showed the ultraviolet green tube and the green tube, theyd bog just look. green to us. But the hummingbirds saw the difference. They could even tell apart two shades of ultraviolet red. The scientists observed that the birds were able to use th
50、e colors of the lights to find the sweet waterCaleb is glad scientists want to better understand birds. Good. is “Good he said, after hearing the news, They part of nature.”12. What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To introduce hummingbirdsB. To describe a boy who loves birds.C. To lead in
51、the topic of the text.D. To explain a natural law.13. What is unknown to most people about hummingbirds?A. They look very beautifulB. They are of a small size.C. They are helpful to plants.D. They see more colors than humans.14. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A. The reason for birds better color v
52、ision.B. They are of a small size.C. Combination colors unseen by humansD. The experiment to test ultraviolet colors.15. How did hummingbirds find the water they liked?A. By tasting the water in the two containers.B. By recognizing the light colors on the feeders.C. By smelling the water in differen
53、t tubes.D. By telling apart the depth of water in different feeders.【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章讲述科学家通过实验证明了蜂鸟比人类能看到更多的颜色范围。【12题详解】目的意图题。通读全文，本文主要在讲科学家通过实验证明，蜂鸟比人类能看到更多的颜色范围，因此本文第一段，提到7岁男孩喜欢蜂鸟，目的只是为了引出本文要讲的关于蜂鸟的话题。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句，“It makes sense that Caleb didnt know th
54、is. Few people did for sure”（Caleb不懂这些是说的通的。很少人能确定地知道这些），由此可知，大部分人不知道的事情是和Caleb不知道的是一样的，都是上文提到的“hummingbirds see a wider range(范围)of colors than we do”（蜂鸟可以比我们看到更广泛的颜色范围）。故选D。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句话，“To understand the experiment, it1 s important to know how color vision works.”（为了更好的理解这个实验，知道色觉的工作原理很
55、重要），由此可知，本文是在介绍为什么鸟会比人看到更多的颜色范围。故选A。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段，“The scientists observed that the birds were able to use the colors of the lights to find the sweet water”（科学家们观察到鸟类能够用灯颜色来找到甜水），由此可知，鸟类找到自己喜欢的东西，是通过不同的灯的颜色。故选B。【点睛】第二节(共5小题; 每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最隹选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中 有两项为多余选项。D
56、o you want to help yourself achieve your own New Years resolutions( 决心)？ Then consider these tips:A Stanford professor says that we should develop small habits” for ourselves rather than try to change our behaviors entirely. The “small habits” can be anything. They might be practicing an instrument
57、for 3 minutes per day, flossing(用牙线清洁)just one tooth or a single push-up when you first get out of be. _16_, so goals such as “eating healthy- or getting in shape” are more ideas than achievable deeds._17_. Thats because youll carry them out without thinking about it. Examples of these daily habits
58、might be washing your hands before eating a meal. Once someone forms a new habit, soon it turns into a full-blown custom.Forbes India offers a couple of simple tricks for going all the way with your resolution. _18_ It could help you track your progress.Thats because it will keep you paying attentio
59、n to whether or not youre going on with your efforts. Examples might include tracking how far your run or how much time you put into studying a new language. Keeping the scorecard will also create a nice sense of satisfaction.Some people advise you should keep your resolution to yourself. _19_- It m
60、ight mean that youre less likely to follow through. But others advise that you should tell your friends or family members. They say that having social support helps people achieve difficult goals._20_, because one tip is not for everyone.A. You can keep a scorecardB. It is up to you to choose a more
61、 suitable wayC. Changing our behaviors is a more difficult taskD. Announcing your goal suggests a sense of finishE. You should ask friends to improve your resolutionsF. Simplifying wishes to daily habits is much more practicalG. Thats because you manage to keep on top of your resolutions【答案】16. C 17
62、. F 18. A 19. D 20. B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何实现自己的新年愿望给出了一些小建议。【16题详解】根据下文“ so goals such as “eating healthy- or getting in shape” are more ideas than achievable deeds. ”（所以像“吃得健康或者保持体型”这样的目标更多的是想法而不是可实现的行动。）可推知，设空处讲述的是一些实际的、更容易实现的行为方面的目标，比如改变我们的日常行为。C选项 “Changing our behaviors is a more difficult task”（改
63、变我们的行为是一项更困难的任务）符合语境。故选C。【17题详解】根据下文“Thats because youll carry them out without thinking about it. Examples of these daily habits might we washing your hands before eating a meal.”（那是因为你会不假思索地执行它们。这些日常习惯的例子可能是饭前洗手。）可知，设空处应陈述把愿望转化为日常习惯，“daily habits” 同F选项中的“daily habits”相呼应，F项“将愿望简化为日常习惯更为实际”符合语境。故选F
64、。【18题详解】根据下文“It could help you track your progress”（它可以帮助记录你的成绩）可推知，上文为A选项“You can keep a scorecard”（你可以使用记分卡），下文的it就指代选项提到的a scorecard。故选A。【19题详解】根据上文“Some people advise you should keep your resolution to yourself.” （有些人建议你应该把自己的愿望藏起来。）以及下文“It might mean that you re less likely to follow through.”（
65、这可能意味着你不太可能坚持到底。）可知，设空处应陈述把自己愿望说出来的情况。D选项“Announcing your goal suggests a sense of finish” （宣布你的目标会给人一种完成的感觉）起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。下文的it指代选项所提到的“宣布你的目标”这件事，keep和announce为关键词。故选D。【20题详解】根据下文“because one tip is not for everyone.” （因为并不是每个人都适用）可推断，上文应陈述要选择适合自己的的方法，B选项“It is up to you to choose a more suitable
66、 way” （选择一个更合适的方法取决于你）切题，故选B。第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。Dustin and I were both exhausted, living through the first few weeks of caring for our new baby Randy. We were lacking in _21_ and trying to get used to our life as _2
67、2_ . Caring for the new baby was proving to be more _23_ than anyone could have prepared us for.Last night, we had _24_ closed our eyes and were falling asleep when Randy _25_ for one of his nighttime feedings. I complained to Dustin that I was much more tired, and _26_ him to prepare the milk. Litt
68、le did I know how exhausted Dustin _27_ was that night.Dustin seemed to be spending a very long time in the_28_so I called out to him to see if he was okay. He _29_ back impatiently that he was, but he couldnt _30_the bottle and was trying to find another one. Finally, he made it back to the room an
69、d _31_ the baby.The next morning, as I was washing the _32_, I noticed a flashlight and batteries, _33_ from each other, among the dirty dishes. I called Dustin to ask if he knew _34_ the flashlight and its batteries were in the sink.After hearing my doubt, he was also _35_ Suddenly, he began to lau
70、gh, _36_ that the broken bottle he was dealing with the night before was not a bottle _37_ He said he would put in the milk, put on the Lop, and then turn it over to check the _38_(in case its too hot for the baby) , but each time he did, it would _39_ all the milk out. He made up the babys milk in
71、this bottle several times, thinking each time that the top was just not _40_ enough. We laughed after learning the truth.21. A. sleepB. moneyC. patienceD. safety22. A. couplesB. relativesC. familiesD. parents23. A. rewardingB. satisfyingC. relaxingD. challenging24. A. finallyB. secretlyC. cautiously
72、D. occasionally25. A. came inB. woke upC. jumped downD. went away26. A. allowedB. invitedC. requiredD. encouraged27. A. especiallyB. obviouslyC. actuallyD. hardly28. A. yardB. kitchenC. bedroomD. bathroom29. A. lookedB. shoutedC. rushedD. smiled30. A. fixB. washC. breakD. empty31. A. trainedB. greet
73、edC. protectedD. fed32. A. bottlesB. carsC. dishesD. clothes33. A. freeB. separateC. absentD. far34. A. whyB. whenC. whereD. whether35. A. confusedB. upsetC. contentD. bored36. A. predictingB. imaginingC. realizingD. insisting37. A. at leastB. before longC. at allD. any longer38. A. dateB. amountC.
74、priceD. temperature39. A. clearB. figureC. findD. pour40. A. strongB. tightC. looseD. big【答案】21. A 22. D 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. A 36. C 37. C 38. D 39. D 40. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者和丈夫初次做父母，累的筋疲力尽，照顾孩子时手忙脚乱。丈夫在一次夜间为孩子冲奶粉时，竟然因为太累而将手电筒误当做了奶瓶。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析
75、。句意：我们睡眠不足，努力适应当父母的生活。A. sleep睡眠；B. money金钱；C. patience耐心；D. safety安全。根据文章开头的“Dustin and I were both exhausted（Dustin和我都累坏了）”可知此处指我们都缺乏睡眠，故选A项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们睡眠不足，努力适应当父母的生活。A. couples夫妻；B. relatives亲属；C. families家人；D. parents父母。根据文章第一句中的“caring for our new baby Randy（照顾我们的新宝宝Randy）”可知，此处指我们努力
76、适应作为父母的生活，故选D项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：照顾刚出生的婴儿被证明是一件比任何人让我们做的准备都更具有挑战性的事情。A. rewarding有益的；B. satisfying令人满意的；C. relaxing放松的；D. challenging挑战的。根据下文描述的作者和丈夫在非常疲惫的情况下还要照顾孩子，可知此处指照顾新生儿是最具有挑战性的工作，故选D项。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：昨晚，我们终于闭上眼睛即将睡着的时候，突然兰迪醒了要求夜间进食。 A. finally最终；B. secretly秘密地；C. cautiously谨慎地；D. occasio
77、nally偶然地。前文说“我们”照顾孩子非常“exhausted（疲惫）”，这里指在疲惫的工作之后终于可以闭上眼睛睡觉了，故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：昨晚，我们终于闭上眼睛即将睡着的时候，突然Randy醒了要求夜间进食。A. came in进来；B. woke up醒来；C. jumped down跳下去；D. went away离开。前文说Randy是个新生儿，所以会在夜里醒来要求被喂养，故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意：我向Dustin抱怨我比他更累，并要求他准备牛奶。A. allowed允许；B. invited邀请；C. required要求；D. en
78、couraged鼓励。前文说“I complained to Dustin（我向Dustin抱怨）”可知作者很累，语气自然不好，所以此处用“要求”更贴合语境。故选C项。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我不知道那天晚上Dustin实际上有多累。A. especially尤其，特别；B. obviously明显地；C. actually实际上；D. hardly几乎不。根据前文“I complained to Dustin that I was much more tired（我向Dustin抱怨我比他更累）”可知，“我”只是在抱怨，暗示实际上“我”并不知道Dustin有多累，故选C项。【2
79、8题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Dustin似乎在厨房待了很长时间，所以我叫了他一声，看看他是否还好。A. yard院子；B. kitchen厨房；C. bedroom卧室；D. bathroom浴室，卫生间。根据第四段中“among the dirty dishes（在脏盘子中间）”可知，Dustin是去厨房冲奶粉了，故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不耐烦地大声回答说他很好，但他修不了那个瓶子，正想再找一个。A. looked看；B. shouted喊叫；C. rushed急忙；D. smiled微笑。根据空后的“impatiently（不耐烦地）”可知，Dustin心情
80、不好，所以此处应是用大声喊叫的方式与“我”对话，故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不耐烦地大声回答说他很好，但他修不了那个瓶子，正想再找一个。A. fix维修；B. wash冲洗；C. break打破；D. empty使成为空的。根据后文的“and was trying to find another one（正想再找一个）”可知，Dustin当时手里拿的瓶子修不好了他才想再找一个，故选A项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他回到了房间，喂了孩子。A. trained训练；B. greeted打招呼；C. protected保护；D. fed喂养。根据第二段中“fo
81、r one of his nighttime feedings（为了他的夜间喂养）”可知此处Dustin冲好奶粉后喂了宝宝，故选D项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，当我洗碗的时候，我注意到在脏盘子之间有一个手电筒和若干电池，它们彼此分开。A. bottles瓶子；B. cars汽车；C. dishes盘子；D. clothes衣服。根据下文的“among the dirty dishes（在脏盘子中间）”可知，“我”在冲洗盘子，故选C项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，当我洗碗的时候，我注意到在脏盘子之间有一个手电筒和若干电池，它们彼此分开。A. fre
82、e免费的，自由的；B. separate分开的，单独的；C. absent缺席的；D. far远离的。正常情况下电池应该被放在手电筒里面，现在作者“noticed a flashlight and batteries（注意到一个手电筒和几节电池）”，很明显是电池从手电筒里出来了，它们彼此分离了，故选B项。【34题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我打电话给Dustin，问他知不知道手电筒和电池为什么在水槽里。A. why为什么；B. when何时；C. where在哪里；D. whether是否。根据最后一段开头的“my doubt（我的疑问）”可知，此处作者是问Dustin为什么手电筒和电池会在
83、水槽里，故选A项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：听了我的怀疑，他也糊涂了。A. confused困惑的；B. upset心烦的；C. content满意的；D. bored无聊的。空前的also（也）证明了Dustin与作者有同样的疑问和困惑，故选A项。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，他笑了起来，意识到前一天晚上他处理的那个“破碎的”瓶子根本不是瓶子。A. predicting预测；B. imagining想象；C. realizing意识到；D. insisting坚持。前文说Dustin与作者有同样的疑问和困惑，根据“Suddenly（突然）”和后面that从句的内容
84、可知，Dustin知道了原因，所以此处指突然意识到了原因，故选C项。37题详解】考查副词短语辨析。句意：突然，他笑了起来，意识到前一天晚上他处理的那个“破碎的”瓶子根本不是瓶子。A. at least至少；B. before long不久以后；C. at all（否定句）根本；D. any longer再。at all与句中的“not”共同构成not at all,意为：根本（不），这里指Dustin意识到了那个“破碎的”瓶子根本不是瓶子，故选C项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说他把牛奶放进去，盖上盖子，然后把它倒过来检查温度(以防宝宝觉得太热)，但每次他这么做，它都会把所有的牛奶
85、倒出来。A. date日期；B. amount数量；C. price价格；D. temperature温度。根据括号中的“in case its too hot for the baby（以防宝宝觉得太热）”可知，此处Dustin指在检查瓶子的温度，故选D项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说他把牛奶放进去，盖上盖子，然后把它倒过来检查温度(以防宝宝觉得太热)，但每次他这么做，它都会把所有的牛奶倒出来。A. clear清理；B. figure计算，描绘；C. find发现；D. pour倒。根据前文的“turn it over to check（把它倒过来检查）”可知，此处指“瓶子”被
86、倒过来之后把里面的牛奶都倾倒出来，故选D项。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他在这个“奶瓶”里冲泡了好几次奶粉，每次都觉得瓶盖不够紧。A. strong强劲的；B. tight紧紧的；C. loose松散的；D. big大的。根据前文“but each time he did, it would pour all the milk out.（但每次他这么做，它都会把所有的牛奶倒出来。）”可知，是因为那个“瓶子”的盖子不够紧，故选B项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在仝白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。A team of
87、 biologists studied rain frogs in the forests of northern Ecuador. While doing so, they made a surprising _41_ (discover): a Mindo harlequin toad(丑角蟾).It was 30 years since the creature _42_ (see) alive. The scientists couldnt believe their eyes.The Mindo harlequin is the latest harlequin toad speci
88、es to come back from the dead. Since 2003, eight others have ken found, three of them in Ecuador. Until _43_ (recent), 13 of the 25 species of harlequin toads in Ecuador have gone unseen since the 1980s or early 1990s. Scientists thought most of them had been wiped out by a disease_44_ (call) chytri
89、d, which is especially _45_( harm) to the harlequin toad. The Mindo harlequin may have developed a resistance (抵抗力)to the disease, _46_ would explain their reappearance. And it could spell good news for other harlequins. Since discovering the first one, the team have found five _47_(many). They were
90、 all tested for the disease but none of them had. But that doesnt mean the survival of the species is guaranteed. The harlequin toad is still endangered.Biologists are developing a conservation plan together _48_ a zoology museum in Ecuador. They want to make sure the Mindo harlequin toad doesnt fal
91、l back into extinction. Each reappearance gives us _49_ second chance to develop better conservation ways. Not every day do we have the opportunity _50_ (save) a species that we believed to be extinct.【答案】41. discovery 42. had been seen 43. recently 44. called 45. harmful 46. which 47. more 48. with
92、 49. a 50. to save【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了生物学家发现的一种被认为已灭绝的动物丑角蟾蜍。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：在这样做的过程中，他们有了一个惊人的发现: 一只Mindo丑角蟾蜍。根据空格前的不定冠词a可知，此处应填可数名词单数，discover的名词形式为discovery，故填discovery。【42题详解】考查时态。句意：人们已经有30年没有看到这种生物活着了，科学家们简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。分析句子可知，此处为时间状语从句的谓语，结合语境可知，“看见”发生在“It was 30 years”之间，即过去的过去，应用过去完成时，动词see和主语the
93、creature是被动关系，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been seen。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：直到最近，厄瓜多尔境内的25种小丑蟾蜍中有13种自上世纪80年代或90年代初以来一直未被发现。副词修饰整句，所以此处应用recent的副词形式recently，作时间状语。故填recently。【44题详解】考查过去分词。句意：科学家们认为，大多数昆虫已经被一种叫做壶菌的疾病所消灭，这种疾病对丑角蟾蜍的危害尤其严重。分析句子可知，空格处应为后置定语修饰前面名词，call“命名；把叫做”为动词，和所修饰名词是被动关系，所以应用过去分词。故填called。【45题详解】考查形容词。句
94、意：科学家们认为，大多数昆虫已经被一种叫做壶菌的疾病所消灭，这种疾病对丑角蟾蜍的危害尤其严重。根据空格前系动词is，以及副词especially，可知，此处应填形容词作表语，harm的形容词为harmful，be harmful to“对.有害”故填harmful。【46题详解】考查非限制性定语从句引导词。句意：丑角蟾蜍可能已经对这种疾病产生了抵抗力，这可以解释它们的再次出现。这对其他丑角蟾蜍来说可能是个好消息。分析句子可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，且在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。【47题详解】考查形容词（比较级）。句意：自从发现了第一个，
95、研究小组又发现了另外的五个。根据句意“另外的”可知，此处应填形容词more，用于数量词之后，意为“另外的；附加的”。故填more。【48题详解】考查介词。句意：生物学家正在和厄瓜多尔动物博物馆一起制定一项保护计划。together with意为“和一起”，是固定搭配。故填with。【49题详解】考查冠词。句意：每次生物再现都又给了我们一次开发更好保护方式的机会。根据句意，可知，此处chance为单数可数名词泛指概念，序数词second前加不定冠词表示“又一；再一”，故填a。【50题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：我们并不是每天都有机会拯救我们认为已经灭绝的物种。分析句子可知，空格处应填后置定语修饰
96、前面名词opportunity，名词opportunity常用动词不定式作后置定语，故填to save。第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文.文中共有10处语言 错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。I liv
97、ed abroad last year. Thank to technology, I could create a home away from home. I chatted with my family online and have them with me on my adventures. Their year abroad was an amazing journey. It taught me so much, not only about other cultures and about myself. There is no doubt if language learni
98、ng is hard but it is worthwhile. At the first, I found listening and speaking German all the time exhausting. Therefore, the more I did, the less tiredly I became. It is the most satisfied feeling to understand and take part in a conversation.【答案】1.ThankThanks2.havehad3.TheirMy/The/That4.andbut5.ift
99、hat6.将the去掉7.在listening后面加to8.ThereforeHowever9.tiredlytired10.satisfiedsatisfying/satisfactory【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在国外的生活和感想。【详解】1.考查固定短语。句意：多亏了科技，我可以在离家之外创造一个家。thanks to为固定短语，意为“幸亏，由于”。故将Thank改为Thanks。2.考查动词时态。句意：我和我的家人在网上聊天，让他们和我一起冒险。and前后为并列成分，此处和chatted并列，陈述过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时。故将have改为had。3.考查代词或
100、者冠词。句意：我在国外这一年是一次美妙的旅行。结合语境可知，作者在陈述自己在国外这一年的生活，是特指，需用定冠词the，指示代词that或者形容词性物主代词my限定名词year。位于句首，首字母需大写。故将Their改为My/The/That。4.考查连词。句意：它教会了我很多，不仅关于其他文化，而且关于我自己。Not onlybut(also)为固定短语，意为“不仅而且”。故将and改为but。5.考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，学习语言是困难的，但值得。There is no doubt that为固定句型，此处引导同位语从句，从句不缺成分，也没有“是否”的含义，故将if改为that。6.
101、考查冠词。句意：一开始，我发现一直听和说德语让我筋疲力尽。at first为固定短语，意为“首先，起初”。故将the去掉。7.考查介词。句意：一开始，我发现一直听和说德语让我筋疲力尽。listen to为固定短语，意为“听. ”。故在listening后面加to。8.考查副词。句意：然而，我做得越多，就越不累。上文句意为“一开始，我发现一直听和说德语让我筋疲力尽”，下文提到“做多了反而不累了”，上下文之间为转折关系。故将Therefore改为However。9.考查形容词。句意：然而，我做得越多，就越不累。became为系动词，此处需用形容词作表语，且修饰主语I，意为“劳累的”，应用v-ed形
102、式形容词。故将tiredly改为tired。10.考查形容词。句意：理解并参与对话是最令人满意的感觉。此处为形容词作定语修饰名词feeling，且意为“令人满意的”，satisfying/satisfactory意为“令人满意的”，符合语境。故将satisfied改为satisfying/satisfactory。第二节书面表达(满分25分)52. 假如你是李华，将作为一名交换生在一个英国家庭生活一个月。他们来信询问你的基本情况及打算请给他们写一封回信。注意:1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Sir or Madam,_Yours sincerely,Li Hu
103、a【答案】Dear Sir or Madam,I am Li Hua, a senior 2 student from Guangming Middle School. I am so lucky to have the opportunity to go abroad as an exchange student and live with you for a month. Like many British middle school students, I like sports, movies, music, traveling and having parties with frie
104、nds. When I am in England, I want to learn about English customs. During that time I will take many courses and often play with my classmates and friends. Whats more, I hope to watch several football games and experience English cultures in person. In my spare time I will visit some libraries and mu
105、seums. In addition, I want to visit some cities, which will have a great effect on my life and study.Yours sincerely,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给一个英国家庭写一封回信，介绍自己的基本情况。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。结构：总分法总分法是指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.说明写信目的；2.进行自我介绍；3.表明愿望。第二步：列提纲（重点词组）have the oppo
106、rtunity to do sth.；go abroad；live with sb.；want to do；learn about；take many courses；play with sb.；hope to do；in person；in ones spare time；have a great effect on第三步：连词成句1.I am Li Hua a senior 2 student from Guangming Middle School. 2.I am so lucky to have the opportunity to go abroad as an exchange s
107、tudent and live with you for a month. 3.Like many British middle school students, I like sports, movies, music, traveling and having parties with friends. 4.When I am in England, I want to learn about English customs. 5.During that time I will take many courses and often play with my classmates and
108、friends. 6.I hope to watch several football games and experience English cultures in person. 7.In my spare time I will visit some libraries and museums.8.I want to visit some cities, which will have a great effect on my life and study.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态的问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）表并列补充关系：Whats more，In addition连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，第五步：润色修改【点睛】高分句型1When I am in England, I want to learn about English customs.（when引导时间状语从句）高分句型2In addition, I want to visit some cities, which will have a great effect on my life and study.（which引导非限制性定语从句）
