1、搞定虚拟语气大总结 虚拟语气包含两种： 一种指与事实相反或不可能发生。“虚拟条件句+虚拟主句”的结构都属于这一类；even if / even though / as if / as though引导的状语中如果需要用到虚拟语气也属于这一类；wish / would / rather后面接的宾语从句表示不可能实现的愿望，还是属于这一类。 另一种指与事实实际是否发生没有直接关系。如和suggest、order、demand等表示建议、命令、要求等相关的名词性从句都属于这一类。1.虚拟条件句现在 If I had time,I would go to shanxi to see the 11th
2、National Games.如果我有时间，我就会去陕西看第十四届全运会。从句谓语形式：动 词 的 过 去 式 (be 用 were)口诀：主过从过过去 If it had not rained so heavily yesterday,we would have watch Mulan.昨天如果没下大雨的话，我们就看了花木兰了。 从句谓语形式：had + 过去分词 口诀：主过完从过完 将来 If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow,we would change our plan.如果明天下雨了，我们就更改计划。从句谓语形式：动 词 的 过
3、 去 式 /should + 动词原形 / were to+ 动词原形 口诀：主过将从should / were to注意：虚拟语气的世界里没有 was错综时间条件句If I had followed the fathers advice,I would be quite all right now.如果我当时听爸爸的话，我现在就会好了。（从句说过去，主句说明现在，从句和主句的形式与各自时态的条件句一致）2.命令类I suggested that she（should）visit her parents.我建议她应该看看她的父母。表达和建议、要求、命令、主张等含义相关的名词性从句，一律用主语+
4、should+动词原形（should可以省略）结构。具体涉及到这些动词以及它们的名词形式：一坚持：insist（表要求时才用虚拟语气）二命令：order, command三要求：require, request, demand四建议：suggest, advise, propose, recommend3.虚拟语气用在状语从句中的应用as if / as though 仿佛/好像 从句谓语使用虚拟语气，降时态He talks as if he knew all about it.他说起来好像知道这件事的全部一样。Its high/about time that+定语从句 从句谓语使用过去式或者
5、should+原形Its high time that we discussed/should discuss who to do it.我们是时候去讨论一下谁来做这件事了。even if / even though 尽管 从句谓语使用虚拟语气，降时态Even though she had been here very soon,she would not catch the plane.尽管她很快就到这儿，她也赶不上飞机。4. wish /if only 如果.就好了If only I were an adult.如果我是成年人就好了。I wish she could love me. 如果
6、她爱我就好了。5.should / would like to have done,was/were to have done,was/were supposed to have done,had better have done,would/had rather have done等结构表示“本想、本该做而未做成”。I would like to have gone with you,but I have no time.我本来想和你一起走，但没有时间。例题：1.【2015江苏】It might have saved me some trouble _ the schedule.A. did
7、 I know B. have I known C. do I know D. had I known【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：如果我早知道日程安排，可能会省去我一些麻烦。根据题干中might have saved可知主句是对过去的虚拟，从句应用if I had known与主句保持一致。if虚拟条件句中含有had时，可将if省去，同时将had提前构成倒装结构。故选D项。虚拟语气重要做题原则：根据题干中主句或从句中动词形式判断所考查的动词的虚拟时间， 一般要保持一致，但要注意错综时间虚拟语气要根据各自所表示的虚拟时间做出调整。另外，当 if 条件句中含有助动词 had,should 或
8、 were 时， 可以省略 if，而将 had, should 或 were提到句首，从而构成倒装虚拟条件句。2.【2018江苏】There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _ a second chance to become more involved.A. had B. will have C. would have had D. have had【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：在这个村里有很好的社交生活，并且我希望我再有机会去更多的参与。本题考查wish引导的宾语从句，表示与现在事实相反的愿望，所以从句用一般过
9、去时。故选A。3.【2018北京】They might have found a better hotel if they _ a few more kilometers.A. drove B. would drive C. were to drive D. had driven【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他们多开几公里的话，他们也许会找到一个更好的旅馆。由“they might have found a better hotel”可知，该句是表示对过去的虚拟。if _ a few more kilometers是条件句部分，表示对过去的虚拟，条件句部分要用过去完成时态，故D选项
10、正确。4.【2018天津】If we _the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beachA. had caught B. caught C. have caught D. would catch【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我们昨天赶上飞机的话，现在我们正在海滩享受我们的假日了。根据时间状语yesterday可知，从句表示与过去事实相反，故用had+v-ed。故选A。5.【2017北京卷】34. If the new safety system _ to use, the accident wou
11、ld never have happened.A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. would be put【答案】A 【解析】主句是对过去的虚拟。6.【2015陕西】Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I as well as her.A. dance B. will dance C. had danced D. danced【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：Ellen是一个很棒的舞蹈演员。但愿我能和她跳得一样好。I wish“但愿”后面接宾语从句用虚拟语气，和现在相反用一般过去时，所以选C。7.【
12、2014重庆卷】It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I _ it?A. had done B. have done C. did D. am doing【答案】A【解析】试题分析：题意：John打坏了窗户，为什么跟“我”谈话？好像是“我”打坏了窗户似的。题中broke表明“打坏窗户”发生在“过去”。as if/though后面的从句用had done表示对“过去”的虚拟。故A项正确。8.【2014福建卷】 no modern telecommunications, we would have to
13、wait for weeks to get news from around the world.A. Were there B. Had there been C .If there are D. If there have been【答案】A【解析】试题分析：对现在情况的虚拟，条件句中用一般过去时，主句用 would / should / might / could +动词原形。虚拟条件句中有had / should / were时，可以将if去掉，然后把had / should / were提到主语前面。所以选A。句意：如果没有现代的通信，我们将会等上几周的时间才能得到来自世界的新闻。9
14、.【2014湖南卷】If Mr. Dewey _ present, he would have offered any possible assistance tothe people there.A. were B. had been C. should be D. was【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查虚拟语气用法。本题考查的是if条件从句与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故从句用had +v-ed，主句用would/could/should/might+v-ed。句意：如果Dewey先生在场的话，他会提供那里人们的任何可能的帮助。故B正确。老师叮咛：想要提高阅读理解，词汇量是关键！下面的11个例
15、句都是历年真题中最常出现的、最值得同学们优先理解的虚拟语气考点！经过了全网首席高考英语名师李辉老师团队高度认真的整理校对，无错、可信！可供全国各省高中生打印、学习、背诵！辉哥说：请记住，语法=语义，语法不同的背后是意思不一样。英语的语法是由意思所决定的，是否使用虚拟语气取决于意思而不取决于有什么短语或者提醒词。如果一句话不是真实的（不存在于真实的世界中），而是你虚拟出来的（只存在于你的脑海中），这句话就要用虚拟语气来表达。 Progress is the activity of today and the assurance of tomorrow.Emerson 进步乃今日之努力，明日之保证。
