1、Section_Lesson_2_&_Lesson_3_PrereadingAEvery year thousands of tourists flock to China with the latestedition of Chinas “Lonely Planet” guidebook in their hands. They come to see the grand sights of the Great Wall and the Forbidden City but oftenit is the hutongs that leave the strongest impression，
2、 as they offer travellers a rare view into Chinas past. Hutongs the many little alleys that connect the rectangular courtyards of traditional houses are a feature of ancient Chinese architecture and are still found in the old quarters of a few Chinese cities. Beijings hutongs are particularly famous
3、, however, as there are thousands of them. Nowadays, the word “hutong” has come to mean more than just the alleys that connect the courtyards. It also refers to the courtyards themselves and even to the communities that live there.BThe majority of Beijings hutongs were built between the 13th and 19t
4、h centuries during the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. To help them keep control over the city, the Emperors during these periods arranged different areas of Beijing in neat blocks of houses built around courtyards.They were then able to place guards at the entrances of the various hutongs, which mad
5、e it easier to keep an eye on peoples movements. The Emperors home, the Forbidden City, was in the centre of Beijing and the homes of the nobles and wealthy citizens were in the hutongs closest to the royal palace. Ordinary citizens lived in the hutongs further away from the palace.flock to蜂拥而至lates
6、t adj.最新的，最近的edition/IdIn/n.版本grand adj.雄伟的，壮丽的“It is/was被强调部分that .”是强调句型，强调the hutongs。leave/make the . impression (on sb.)(给某人)留下印象alley/li/n.胡同，小巷rectangular/rektjl/adj.长方形的feature n特色，特征particularly adv.特别，尤其come to达到(认识、理解或相信的程度)more than后接名词，表示“不仅仅”。refer to指的是the majority of .的大多数keep contro
7、l over控制arrange vt.整理，布置at the entrance(s) of在的入口处keep an eye on照看，留意which made it easier to keep an eye on .是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个主句的内容。在定语从句中，it是形式宾语，比较级easier作宾补，动词不定式短语to keep an eye on .是真正的宾语。further away from离较远。further是far的比较级。A每年成千上万的游客带着最新版孤独星球中国旅游指南涌向中国。他们来看长城和故宫的壮丽景色，但常常是那些胡同给他们留下最深的印象
8、，因为透过难得一见的胡同，游客能看到中国的过去。胡同很多条连接四合院的小巷子是中国古代建筑的一大特色，今天仍然能在中国少数几个城市的老城角落里见到。但是北京的胡同格外著名，因为它有数千条。现在，“胡同”这个词不仅仅指连接四合院的小巷子，它还指四合院本身，甚至包括住在四合院里的人们。B北京的胡同大部分建于13至19世纪的元、明、清三个朝代。为了维持对整个城市的统治，那些朝代的皇帝们把北京城的不同地区划分成整整齐齐的四合院院落。他们派士兵把守着胡同的入口，这样做使他们容易监视人们的举动。皇家官邸，即紫禁城，在北京城的正中央，贵族与富豪的府邸位于距离皇宫最近的胡同，普通老百姓住在离皇宫较远的胡同。C
9、By connecting peoples homes, the hutongs in fact connected peoples lives, whether the lives of the rich or the lives of the ordinary citizens. Because the houses were built facing each other around courtyards, the families who lived there were an important part of each others lives. They supported e
10、ach other when help was needed and shared the joy and sadness of everyday life, no doubt sharing recipes, borrowing mops, and burning fragrant incense together. The children played in the courtyards and because of the hutongs, courtyards were joined together for miles around creating a network of pe
11、ople working, playing and living together a real community.DTowards the end of the Qing Dynasty, the conditions in Beijings hutongs went down as the political situation cast a dark cloud on Chinas economy. Many new hutongs were quickly built to house the increasing population but these were poorly m
12、ade. The turning point came when the Peoples Republic of China was set up. Conditions improved a great deal and the government undertook the preservation of many of the oldest hutongs.EHutongs are still an important part of Beijing life and it is not surprising that tourists love the hutongs. They c
13、an walk up Sanmiao Street, which dates back 900 years, wander down Rongxian the longest hutong at 2 km or squeeze through Qianshi the narrowest at only 40 cm wide! They can also stop under a stone arch and watch the hutong world go by while enjoying a plate of Beijings best “Peking Duck” or satisfyi
14、ng their thirst with a cold Tsingtao beer. The hutongs not only link Beijings streets and communities after all, but also its past and present, showing that Beijing is truly an ancient yet modern city.the rich富人，“theadj.”表示一类人。whether . or .不管是还是share the joy and sadness同甘共苦fragrant/freIrnt/adj.有香味的
15、incense n香(尤指宗教礼仪用的)现在分词短语creating a network of people .作结果状语，其中working, playing and living together又作people的后置定语。cast/kst/vt.投下cast a dark cloud on .在投下一片阴云as the political situation cast a dark cloud on .是as引导的原因状语从句。house vt.安置poorly adv.糟糕地turning point转折点set up建立(国家、组织、机构等)a great deal许多，大量a gr
16、eat deal of后跟不可数名词。undertake/ndteIk/vt.着手做，从事preservation/prezveIn/n.维护，保存walk up沿走up此处意为“沿着(一般指向高处、向上游、向北、向大城市)”。date back (to .)追溯(至)squeeze/skwiz/vt.挤arch/t/n.拱顶go by经过，过去satisfy vt.满足，使满意thirst/st/n.口渴while enjoying .是状语从句的省略。当状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，且其谓语部分含有be的某种形式时，可将主语和be动词一起省略。showing that .是现在分词及其
17、后的宾语从句作状语，表示伴随。C胡同不仅使家家户户相通，实际上不管是富人还是普通人，他们的生活都被胡同联系起来了。因为四合院的房子门对门围绕院子四面建成，所以生活在那里的人都成为彼此生活中重要的一部分。他们相互扶持，同甘共苦，更不用说分享菜谱、借用拖把和一起点香了。孩子们在院子里一起玩耍，也正因为有了胡同，方圆好几里的四合院被连接起来，构成了人们一起工作、一起娱乐、一起生活的网络一个真正的社区。D到了清朝末年，中国的经济受到政治局势的不良影响，北京胡同的状况也每况愈下。为了容纳新增的人口，很多新胡同都是草草建成，质量欠佳。中华人民共和国成立以后情况有了转机，胡同的条件得到了很大的改善，政府对很
18、多早期的胡同进行了修缮和保护。E胡同仍然是北京生活的一个重要的部分，难怪游客们喜爱胡同。他们可以在900年前修建的三庙街散步，或徜徉在最长达两千米的绒线胡同，或侧身挤过最窄处只有40厘米的钱市胡同！他们还可以在石拱门下停留，享受一盘最好的北京烤鸭或一杯解渴的冰镇青岛啤酒的同时，望着这胡同世界缓缓而过。胡同不仅联通了北京的街道和社区，它还联系着北京的过去和现在，它证明了北京的确是一座古老而现代的城市。PrereadingPlease match the words with their proper meanings.1rotAto press something firmly together
19、 with your fingers or hand2cast Bnot to read, mention, or deal with something that would normally come or happen next3squeeze Cto decay by a gradual natural process, or to make something do this4skip Dto make light or a shadow appear somewhere5undertake Eto promise or agree to do something6collision
20、 Fselect by a vote for an office or membership7merciful Gshowing or giving mercy8elect Han accident resulting from violent impact of a moving object答案：15CDABE68HGFLeadinAs we all know, Beijing is famous for its Hutongs and the Great Wall. If you visit Beijing, which one do you want best and why?参考答案
21、：I_want_to_visit_the_Great_Wall.Chinas_Great_Wall_is_known_to_the_world_as_one_of_the_seven_great_wonders_of_the_world._It_is_located_in_North_China._It_is_over_6,000_kilometres_in_length_and_25_feet_high_in_average._The_ancient_people_started_to_built_the_wall_in_the_7th_Century_BC_with_earth,_bric
22、k_and_stone,_and_joined_it_in_the_Qin_Dynasty._The_Great_Wall_was_built_in_ancient_China_to_keep_out_invaders,_however,_it_is_now_regarded_as_one_of_the_most_important_tourist_spots_in_our_country_or_even_in_the_whole_world._Every_year,_it_is_visited_by_thousands_of_people_from_all_over_the_world.Wh
23、ilereadingFastreadingScan Lesson 3 and answer the following questions.1Whats the best title for the article?Beijings_Hutongs.2What do foreigners want to see in Beijing?The_grand_sights_of_the_Great_Wall,_the_Forbidden_City_and_the_hutongs.3What did the government do with the hutongs after 1949?The_g
24、overnment_undertook_the_preservation_of_many_of_the_oldest_hutongs.CarefulreadingFill in the blanks according to the text.ParagraphsMain ideasDetailsParagraph 1Definition ofthe hutongOriginally, the hutong refers to the 1.many_little_alleys connecting the courtyards of traditional houses. Now “huton
25、g” also refers to the 2.courtyards_themselves and even to the communities that live there.Paragraph 2History of hutongsMost hutongs in Beijing were built between 3.the_13th_and_19th_centuries. Hutongs made it easier for the rulers to 4.keep_control_over_the_city.Paragraph 3Life connectionHutongs con
26、nect peoples homes as well as 5.peoples_lives. People living in hutongs share their 6.joy_and_sadness.Paragraph 4Bad times for hutongsTowards 7.the_end_of_the_Qing_Dynasty,_the conditions in Beijings hutongs went down. 8.The_turning_point came when the Peoples Republic of China was founded.Paragraph
27、 5Hutongs todayHutongs are still an 9.important_part of Beijing life. The hutongs not only connect Beijings streets and communities, but also its 10.past_and_present.StudyreadingAnalyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1They supported each other when help was needed and shared the joy a
28、nd sadness of everyday life, no doubt sharing recipes, borrowing mops, and burning fragrant incense together.句式分析本句中第一个and连接两个并列分句，第一个分句中含有when引导的时间状语从句，第二个分句省略了主语they；三个并列的现在分词短语sharing recipes, borrowing mops, burning .作伴随状语。尝试翻译他们相互扶持，同甘共苦，更不用说分享菜谱、借用拖把和一起点香了。2The children played in the courtyard
29、s and because of the hutongs, courtyards were joined together for miles around creating a network of people working, playing and living together a real community.句式分析尝试翻译孩子们在院子里一起玩耍，也正因为有了胡同，方圆好几里的四合院被连接起来，构成了人们一起工作、一起娱乐、一起生活的网络一个真正的社区。.阅读理解AWhen I arrived at 6 am. in the hospital kitchen, Rose was
30、already checking name tags (标签) on the trays (托盘)“Hi, Im Janet.” I tried to sound cheerful, although I already knew Roses reputation for being impossible to work with. “Im scheduled to work with you this week.”Rose, a middleaged woman, stopped what she was doing and looked closely over her reading g
31、lasses. I could tell from her expression she wasnt pleased to see a student worker.“What do you want me to do? Start the coffee？” I asked.Rose nodded and went back to checking name tags.I filled the 40cup pot with cold water and began making coffee when Rose yelled, “Thats not the way to make coffee
32、！” She stepped in and took over. Nothing I did pleased her.Back at home, I stayed alone in my room, fighting back tears. I thought, “Maybe she didnt feel well. Maybe she had some trouble.” I decided to forgive her and try to get along with her.The next morning, I ignored the hurtful remarks thrown i
33、n my direction and did things Roses way as much as possible.Over the next few days an amazing thing began to happen. My focus shifted from what she was doing to me, and I started seeing Rose as the person she was hurting. The icy tension began to melt away.Throughout the rest of the summer, we had n
34、umerous opportunities to work together. Each time she seemed happy to see me. As I worked with this lonely woman, I listened to her something no one else had done. I learned that she was burdened by elderly parents who needed her care and her own health problems.That summer I learned a lesson Ive ne
35、ver forgotten. The world is full of people like Rose annoying, demanding, unlovable yet hurting inside. Ive found that love is the best way to turn an enemy into a friend.1What was Roses attitude towards the author the first day they met?APolite.BCurious.CDissatisfied. DUnashamed.解析：选C推理判断题。由第六段末的“N
36、othing I did pleased her.”可推断， Rose 与作者认识的当天对作者很不满意。2After getting home from work, the author _.Awas very tired Bfelt quite upsetCwas pretty lonely Dfelt generally unwell解析：选B细节理解题。由第七段中的“fighting back tears”可知，作者回家后感到很不开心。3What did the author do after her first day of working with Rose?AShe hurt Ro
37、se. BShe helped Rose.CShe ignored Rose. DShe tolerated Rose.解析：选D细节理解题。由第七段中的“I decided to forgive her and try to get along with her.”可知，与Rose 第一天合作后，作者开始包容Rose。4What can we infer from the text?ANever judge by appearances.BFriendship is love with understanding.CMisfortunes test the sincerity of frie
38、nds.DMan has not a greater enemy than himself.解析：选B推理判断题。由最后两段尤其是文章末句“Ive found that love is the best way to turn an enemy into a friend.”可知，作者对Rose采取了包容的态度后两人关系变得和谐，作者逐渐理解了Rose，且两人最终成了朋友。据此可推断，友谊就是爱和理解。BThe number of babies named after Apple products has soared Apple, Siri and Mac have all risen in
39、 popularity as baby names this year, according to parenting advice site BabyCenters annual report.Parents seem to be looking in an unusual place for inspiration for baby names this year their smart phones and iPads.Siri the name of the “personal assistant” app on iPhone has risen 5% in popularity, a
40、nd the name Apple has leapt 585 places up BabyCenters chart this year.The huge success of iPhone and iPad seems to be behind the new trend BabyCenter describes the youngsters as “iBabies”“The smart phone may just be the best parenting tool since diapers (尿布), and some moms and dads are paying homage
41、 to industry leader Apple in their choice of baby names，” says Linda Murray, the sites global editor in chief.“The moniker Apple, though still an unusual choice, rose 15% for girls, leaping a whopping 585 places.”“For boys, the name Mac jumped 12%. And parents sure like the sound of Siri: The compan
42、ys voiceenabled personal assistant climbed 5% on the list of girl names.”Spacethemed baby names perhaps inspired by the publicity around NASAs Mars Curiosity Rover also rose in popularity.“It seems space was a huge naming inspiration for parents this year: Sky, Star, Luna, Skylar, Heaven, Stella, an
43、d Mars all flew higher than last year. BabyCenter moms arent alone; celebrities like Uma Thurman who named her daughter Luna are looking to the sky as well，” says Murray.语篇解读：本文是一篇关于婴儿起名的有趣的文章。根据育儿网站BabyCenter的一项年度调查显示，以苹果公司产品为名的宝宝数量正在飙升，Apple， Siri 还有Mac 这些新生儿名字正变得越来越流行。5Whats the best title of the
44、 passage?AThe best parenting tool: diapersBThe popularity of naming babies: Apple ProductsCThe popularity of Apple products: Apple, Siri and MacDThe parenting advice from BabyCenter解析：选B标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了给婴儿取名的趣事：以苹果公司产品为名的宝宝数量正在上升，且根据文章的第一段可知选B。6Which of the following has the similar meaning with the un
45、derlined word in Paragraph 1?Aincreased BflownCglided Dmoved解析：选A词义猜测题。根据文章第一段“risen in popularity as baby names this year”可知，soar应该是“增多”的意思。7According to the survey, which of the names is the most popular?AApple. BMac.CSiri. DLuna.解析：选A细节理解题。根据文章第六、七两段得知Apple这个名字最流行。8According to Linda Murray, what
46、 may be the best parenting tool before the smart phone?ADiapers. BA feeding bottle.CA baby chart. DMilk powder.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第五段的“The smart phone may just be the best parenting tool since diapers .” 可知，尿布是智能手机之前最好的育儿工具。CCycling to school or work is now faster and more efficient than any other types o
47、f transport in Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark. The city has gone all out to encourage its cyclists it has laid out more than 1,000 km of cycle lanes (车道), and improved traffic signals at the crossroads.No wonder Copenhagens cyclists hardly break traffic rules. Several of the citys main streets a
48、re closed to cars and instead have only cycle lanes and cycle parking areas. Bike lanes along the major roads are wide and slightly raised. Copenhagen is developing 38 bike superhighways along the main city routes. The citys light rail system has recently permitted cyclists to bring their cycles on
49、board, and it is free of charge.The city planners are absolutely committed to make cyclists feel safe. So when cyclists approach a major crossroads, sensors (传感器) a little way down the streets tell the traffic lights to give them a “green” signal, which means cyclists are rarely held up by traffic.
50、It is simply a smooth continuous journey from home to school! Even in the bitterly cold winters, the cycle lanes are cleared of snow before car lanes.Lately, however, the government is facing a new and curious problem. Many cyclists have now started leaving their cycles just about anywhere. Often, t
51、he biggest challenge faced by cyclists is getting their bike out of these huge piles without getting chain oil onto themselves. Perhaps the solution lies in turning more car parking spaces into cycle parking areas, or else, building multistory or underground parking spaces for cycles.Meanwhile, othe
52、r urban cities are following this capital citys example. London, Paris, New York, San Francisco, Beijing and many others are all adopting measures to encourage cyclists, inspired by the City of Cyclists.语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章介绍了丹麦首都哥本哈根为推广自行车出行所作出的种种努力。9.Copenhagen is putting in a great deal of effort to ma
53、ke it _.Amore beautiful Bless crowdedCenvironmentfriendly Dtouristfriendly解析：选C推理判断题。哥本哈根为了鼓励更多的人骑自行车，路面设计、清理等均优先考虑骑行的人。由此可以推知，这个城市在努力变得更环保。10To make cyclists feel safe，_.Acycling is not allowed on snowy daysBthe light rail system is closed at weekendsCthe citys streets have been closed to carsDtraf
54、fic lights are much friendlier to cyclists解析：选D细节理解题。由第三段中的“when cyclists approach a major crossroads, sensors a little way down the streets tell the traffic lights to give them a green signal”可知，为了确保骑车人的安全，交通信号灯也变得更加人性化了，故选D项。11Whats the main idea of the text?ACopenhagen is on the way to be a real
55、cyclists city.BThere is a strong need to set up more parking spaces for cycles.CCycling to school or work is very popular everywhere in Denmark.DStrict traffic rules should be made to guarantee the safety of cyclists.解析：选A主旨大意题。总览全文可知，文章主要介绍了丹麦首都哥本哈根为推广自行车出行所作出的种种努力，故选A项。.阅读七选五The power of sleepWhil
56、e no one knows exactly why you sleep, its clear you cant live without it. Your brain needs sleep to help you pay attention, think of new ideas, and remember what you learn. _1_ If you dont get enough sleep, a school assignment thats normally easy may feel impossible, or you may feel clumsy playing y
57、our favorite sport._2_ Each stage has unique brainwaves (脑电波) that can be measured during a brain test called an EEG (脑电图). Sleep stages repeat throughout the night in 90minute cycles.Nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleepStage 1: Light sleep. In this phase, your body gradually relaxes and brainwave act
58、ivity starts to slow down. If you wake up now, you may not even know you were asleep at all.Stage 2: True sleep. In this phase, your breathing and heart beat get slower, but waking up is still easy.Stage 3: Deep sleep. In this phase, your blood pressure and body temperature drop slightly._3_Rapid ey
59、e movement (REM) sleepThis stage comes after stage three and gets its name from the flickering (来回移动的) eye movements that occur here. _4_ An EEG shows a brainwave pattern similar to waking. This is the dreaming stage. Its also the stage that helps you remember what you learn.Darkness and dim (昏暗的) l
60、ights increase production of a powerful brain chemical (melatonin) that makes you feel tired and sleep through the night. But sunshine and bright lights block melatonin production to help you wake up and stay active all day.Sleep tip：_5_ A dim nightlight is fine, but even the light from digital scre
61、ens can make it hard to fall asleep.ASleep has different stages.BYour breathing and heart beat speed up.CWhen you go to bed, keep your room dark.DDifferent people have different sleep cycles.EIf you can, turn on bright lights and open the window.FVery slow brainwaves take over and its hard to wake u
62、p.GYour body needs sleep to grow, fix injuries, and fight sickness.1选G本段介绍了睡眠对人体的好处以及睡眠不足所带来的影响。 G项中的有助于人体生长发育、修复伤口、抵抗疾病就是睡眠的作用体现。2选A由下文的Sleep stages repeat和对NREM sleep和REM sleep的不同介绍可知，睡眠有不同的阶段。故选A项。3选F由NREM sleep的第三阶段Deep sleep 可知，由于血压和体温在这一阶段都降低了，缓慢的脑电波开始起作用，这时人们很难醒来。4选B人的眼球在REM sleep阶段不断转动，且脑电图显示脑电波图形与清醒时相似，故呼吸和心跳此时都在加速。5选C由上文的Darkness and dim .makes you feel tired and sleep through the night可知，睡觉时最好保持房间黑暗。
