1、2017年高考英语总动员语法填空 近两年语法填空考点布局充分体现了“实词考查为主，虚词考查为辅”的命题原则。注意：1.词类转换以实词中名词、动词、形容词、副词四类为主，而对于名词的考查近两年均涉及名词单复数的考查，而未涉及到名词的所有格，在2017年备考中应引起注意；对于代词的词形变换考查涉及了人称代词与物主代词的转换，反身代词也应引起注意。2.对于无提示词类的情态动词和助动词的考查，仅2014年新课标全国样卷中考查了must表推测，2014年新课标全国考查了助动词did。指示代词与不定代词近两年均未涉及。3.特殊句式在近两年虽然未考查，但备考时应注意：倒装结构中助动词、小句替代中so，nei
2、ther，nor以及only等的考查；省略结构中不定式符号to以及结合状语从句的省略中非谓语动词或连词的考查；强调句式中it或that的考查；感叹句中how，what或不定冠词a/an的考查等。4.连接性副词与语境填词虽然在2014年新课标全国样卷中均有涉及，但可能考虑到这两类词均为完形填空考点，故在2014、2015两年正式考试中均未涉及，但在2015年全国卷中考查了无提示词形式的时间副词before/earlier，2016年全国卷中考查了when引导时间状语从句。故像earlier，ago，later等时间副词与never，hardly等频度副词是否会有考查还需注意。5.从出题形式上看，
3、近两年10个设空中都是7个有提示词、3个无提示词，预计2017年还应该以这种比例来突出提示词考查为主的出题形式。76.深入浅出【1】提示词填空词类转换1 Abercrombie&Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it69(regular)arranges quick getaways here for peopleliving in Shanghai and Hong Kong.设空处修饰谓语动词arrange，需要一个副词，故填regularly。1 形容词副词2 17(lucky)，he also had a cow which produce
4、d milk everyday.用副词修饰整个句子。故填Luckily。归纳 修饰动词短语、形容词、副词或整个句子，或作状语时，用副词形式。1 In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobedwellings admirable is their43(able)to“air condition”ahouse without using electric equipment.形容词性物主代词their之后应当用名词，故将able转化为其名词形式ability。2 形容词/动词名词2 Several children are away
5、 from school because of(ill).介词短语because of后接宾语，要用名词，故填illness。3 He had witnessed too many(die)and wounds at theBattle of Solferino in Italy four years earlier，in which40,000 people were killed，wounded or missing.这里指的是死亡，是可数名词，在句中作及物动词witness的宾语，空前的too many也暗示应用death的复数形式deaths。归纳 作主语，或在及物动词、介词短语后作宾
6、语时，前面可能有限定词冠词、形容词或形容词性物主代词修饰，通常用名词形式；注意单复数形式。1 As49(nature)architects，the Pueblo Indians figuredout exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to makethe cycle work on most days.修饰名词architects，故要用形容词形式natural。3 动词/名词形容词2While there are68(amaze)stories of instanttransformation，.此处用形容词修饰名词stories。
7、amaze的形容词有两个，一个是amazing，另一个是amazed。修饰物(stories)当然用amazing。3 There were many people waiting at the bus stop，and someof them looked very anxious and 43(disappoint).本句的主语是some of them，此处and连接两个并列成分，再结合前面的形容词anxious可知，此处也应该填一个形容词。故此处用disappointed表示他们中有些人感到失望。归纳 作表语系动词之后、定语修饰名词或宾语补足语表性质状态时，通常用形容词形式。注意常考动
8、词分词的形容词性化，其形容词的形式有：-ing结尾的和ed结尾的两种。用所给词的适当形式填空1.They gave money to the old peoples home either(personal)or through their companies.2.It was(consider)of Michael to inform us of his delay incase we got worried.3.Most of us，if we know even a little about where our food comesfrom，understand that every b
9、ite put into our mouths was(former)alive.personallyconsiderateformerly4.There is no need to tell me your answer now.Give it some(think)and then let me know.5.The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and(comprehension)review of the case.6.The climate here is quite(please)，the temperature rar
10、ely，if ever，reaching 30 in summer.thoughtcomprehensivepleasant7.What was so(impress)about Jasmine Westlandsvictory was that she came first in the marathon barefooted.8.Life is(predict)；eventhepoorestmightbecome the richest.impressiveunpredictable9.For some reason he sat beside Mary.Mary felt(please)
11、，because there were many empty seats inthe room.But she quickly realized that it wasnt her，it wasprobably the fact that she sat in the last row.10.Why do you choose to work in an international travelagency?Well，you know，English is my(strong).So it is mybest choice.pleasedstrength236.深入浅出【1】提示词填空词形变换
12、1 Id skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for touristsseeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of theLi River that are pictured by artists in so many Chinese65(painting).由于该名词由so many修饰，故填其复数形式paintings。1 名词的单复数与所有格2 While there are amazing stories of instant transformation，for most of us
13、the69(change)are gradual and require a lotof effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted river.Just bepatient.前面是定冠词the，因此后面要用名词，再由谓语动词are可知此空要用其名词的复数形式，故填changes。3Its about an(hour)drive from here.句意为：离这里大约有一个小时的车程。“一个小时的”用所有格，故填hours。归纳 若所给提示词为名词而空格处也应填名词，注意要弄清名词的数与格，即名词是否需要复数形式，或是否需要所有格。1Finally，
14、that hard work paid off and now the water in theriver is 66(clean)than ever.从后面的than可知此处要用比较级，因此要用cleaner。2 形容词与副词的比较等级2After our plane landed，we went to the hotel.We hadmade our reservation six months17(early)，but the manat the front desk said there had been a mistake.由前面提到的we had planned for month
15、s(我们已经计划了数月)可知，早在六个月之前我们就已经预订了，故用比较级earlier。3 The68(hard)you try to beat him，the more likely youwill get hit.考查固定句式。这里是“the比较级.，the比较级.”句式，表示“越就越”。故填harder。归纳 若括号中所给的是形容词或副词，有可能考查其比较等级或最高级；注意than或比较级的修饰词等标志性词或上下文中暗含的比较；其次还要注意一些特殊句式，如：the比较级，the比较级；“否定词cant/couldnt比较级”表示最高级等。1 A few hours before，Id b
16、een at home in Hong Kong，with 63(it)choking smog.空格后面的smog为名词，故要使用形容词性物主代词its来修饰限定。3 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词的变换2 The children amused(they)by playing hideandseekgames.缺宾语，应填代词；这些孩子拿谁取乐，应是“自娱自乐(amuse oneself)”，与主语The children一致，故填themselves。类似的短语还有enjoy oneself(玩得开心)，teach oneself(自学)，adapt oneself(适应)，dress o
17、neself(自己穿衣)，devote oneself to(致力于)，by oneself(单独地)等。归纳 若提示词是物主代词表示某人的，作主语、宾语或表语用名词性物主代词；在名词前作定语只能用形容词性物主代词。反身代词反指谁，它通常作主语和宾语的同位语，这时应与主语或宾语一致；也可作某些动词或介词的宾语，这时需与主语一致。用所给词的适当形式填空1.Some schools will have to make(adjust)in agreementwith the national soccer reform.2.We tend to have a(good)memory for thin
18、gs that excite oursenses or appeal to our emotions than for straight facts.3.Andy is content with the toy.It is(good)he has ever got.adjustmentsbetterthe best4.He gave(him)a new name to hide his identitywhen he went to carry out the secret task.5.I cant tell you the way to the(Wilson)becausewe dont
19、have a Wilson here in the village.6.This is by far(inspiring)movie that I haveever seen.himselfWilsonsthe most inspiring7.Tony can hardly boil an egg，still(little)cook dinner.8.Next to biology，I like physics(well).9.She came across an old friend of(she)yesterday whileshe was shopping at the departme
20、nt store.10.On my desk is a photo that my father took of(I)when Iwas a baby.(2010四川，7)lessbesthersme386.深入浅出【1】提示词填空谓语与非谓语动词1 It was raining lightly when I61(arrive)in Yangshuo justbefore dawn.But I didnt care.主句谓语动词使用了过去进行时was raining，后一句中用了一般过去时didnt care，根据语境此处要用一般过去时态。故填arrived。1 考纲规定考查的十种时态动词的时
21、态与语态2 This cycle 48(go)day after day：The walls warm up duringthe day and cool off during the night and are thus always atimely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了土坯房冬暖夏凉的原理。此处指前面提到的循环不断地持续下去，这种情况是客观事实，故用一般现在时态。又因为主语this cycle为单数第三人称，故填goes。3 In 1969，the pollution was terrible along
22、the CuyahogaRiver near Cleveland，Ohio.It61(be)unimaginable thatit could ever be cleaned up.事情发生在1969年，是一个过去的时间，故此处要用一般过去时，又因为主语为it，故填was。归纳 句中若缺少谓语，注意要考虑所给动词的时态与语态。判断时态首先要确定时间，然后根据动作发生的状态来判断应该运用哪种时态。有时也可以根据空格后和该句中已经存在的谓语动词的并列关系来确定时态。考试说明中规定考的有十种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成进行时、现在完成时、过去完成
23、时、过去将来时。近两年考查一般过去时和一般现在时居多。1 He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearbyfor other food and made cheese and butter for the family withwhat 19(leave).由语境可知，整体为过去时态，且what与leave之间是被动关系，故此处用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was left。2 考纲规定考查的八种时态的被动语态2 Be patient！Tai Chi66(call)“shadow boxing”inEnglish.It asks
24、you to act like water：.整篇对话的时态是一般现在时。Tai Chi与call之间是被动关系，所以要用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is called。归纳 句中缺少谓语，且与主语存在被动关系，考虑根据时间和动作存在的方式，确定相应时态的被动语态。注意只有及物动词才有被动语态。考试说明中规定考的各种时态的被动语态有八种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时。1Unless some extra money(find)，the theatre willclose.考查一般现在时表将来。由语境可知，此处是unless引导的条
25、件状语从句，主句用一般将来时态，从句要用一般现在时态表将来；句中主语some extra money与find之间为动宾关系，要用被动语态。故填is found。3 时态与语态中的几个特殊用法2 James has just arrived，but I didnt know he(come)until yesterday.考查过去进行时表过去将来。was coming为过去进行时态，表示过去将来。know后面为宾语从句，从句动词相对于know而言指将要发生的动作，而come，go，leave，start，arrive等瞬间性动词可用进行时态表示将来的动作。根据didnt可知此处应该用过去进行时
26、表示过去将来的动作。3 Food supplies in the floodstricken area(run)out.Wemust act immediately before theres none left.考查现在进行时表一般将来与主动表被动。由句中before theres none left可知食物还没有用完，故用现在进行时表示“(食品供应)快用完了”；此外run out为不及物动词，不可用于被动语态。故填are running。4Yangshuo 67(be)really beautiful.考查主谓一致和动词时态。本段介绍阳朔的自然条件，属客观事实，要用一般现在时；由于主语是单
27、数第三人称形式，故填is。归纳 在确定谓语动词的时态与语态时，我们可从四个方面来进行判断：(1)看句子中的时间状语或时间状语从句。(2)看上下文的谓语动词的形式。(3)看是否是特殊的句型。如：was/were about to do.when.did.It is/has been时间段since.did.It/This/That is the first time that.have/has done.或It/This/That was the first time that.had done.Its(high time)that.did/should doHardly had主语done.w
28、hen.did.或 No sooner had主语done.than.did.这样的句型还有很多，平时要注意积累。(4)看与主语存在主动关系还是被动关系。若是被动，还需看所给是否为及物动词，是否考查主动表被动等。(5)注意主谓是否一致。1 He walked in as if he17(buy)the school.And the wordquickly got around that he was from New York City.这是由as if引导的虚拟语气，因为是与过去事实相反，故用过去完成时，填had bought。4 虚拟语气中的时态与语态2 Ellen is a fantas
29、tic dancer.I wish I(dance)as well asher.wish后跟宾语从句时，从句中需要用虚拟语气。由语境可知，此处叙述的是与现在事实相反的假设，谓语动词应用过去式(be用were)。故填danced。3 It is lucky we booked a room，or we(have)nowhereto stay now.本题考查了虚拟语气在含蓄条件句中的运用，条件句部分在or中体现，相当于if we hadnt booked a room，wewould have nowhere to stay now，根据“now”可知，是对现在进行虚拟。故填would have
30、。归纳 一旦判定所给动词在句中作谓语后，就要考虑其时态、语态、语气、主谓一致等。除了if虚拟条件句，还应注意虚拟语气的标志词，如：suggest，would rather，as if，wish，otherwise，or，but for等。用所给动词的适当形式填空1.Just as I got to the school gate，I realized I(leave)mybook in the cafe.2.It is reported that a space station(build)onthemoon in years to come.3.Is Peter coming?No，he(c
31、hange)his mind after a phone call at thelast minute.had leftwill be builtchanged4.Jane cant attend the meeting at 3 oclock this afternoon becauseshe(teach)a class at that time.5.Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement(reach)so far by the two sides.6.Marty(work)really hard on his book and h
32、ethinks hell have finished it by Friday.will be teachinghas been reachedhas been working7.The real reason why prices(be)，and still are，toohigh is complex，and no short discussion can satisfactorilyexplain this problem.8.As you go through this book，you(find)thateach of the millions of people who lived
33、 through World War had a different experience.werewill find9.He must have sensed that I(look)at him.Hesuddenly glanced at me and said quietly，“Why are youstaring at me like that？”10.To my delight，I(choose)fromhundredsofapplicants to attend the opening ceremony.was lookingwas chosen11.In the last few
34、 years，China(make)greatachievements in environmental protection.12.I wasnt able to hide my eagerness when I(ask)，“What do you wish me to do now？”has madeasked1When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heatand are now cold enough 46(cool)the house during the hot day；at the same time，they wa
35、rm up again for the night.“be形容词enough动词不定式”为常用句式，意为“足够，能够做某事”。故填to cool。1 动词不定式非谓语动词2 Since the plants took a while to grow，he started cuttingdown trees 23(sell)the wood.砍树的目的是卖钱，故这里用动词不定式形式在句中作目的状语。故填to sell。3 It took years of work65(reduce)the industrialpollution and clean the water.句中it是形式主语，真正的
36、主语是动词不定式，该句结构为“It takes时间to do sth.”。故填to reduce。4She wished that he was as easy32(please)as hermother，who was always delighted with perfume.该句空格前是形容词，所以用动词不定式作状语。故填to please。归纳 首先句子结构，若句子中已有谓语动词且不是并列谓语时，需考虑非谓语动词。然后非谓语动词在句中作何成分，再根据各非谓语动词的特点确定填哪种形式。对于不定式的考查，需注意不定式的时态和语态，熟记常考跟不定式作宾语的动词以及一些常考句式。1Abercr
37、ombie&Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people70(live)in Shanghai and Hong Kong.句中已有谓语动词arranges，故应考虑非谓语动词。由于live与其所修饰的名词people之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用表示主动意义的现在分词形式作后置定语。故填living。2 动词的-ing形式2In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobedwellings ad
38、mirable is their ability to“air condition”a housewithout 44(use)electric equipment.句中已有谓语，介词without之后的动词要用动名词形式。故填using。3I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver，but he refused to stop until we reached the next stop.Still，the boy kept 47(ride).根据空格前面的kept可知，此处是keep doing sth.结构，意为“继续做某事”
39、。故后面应使用v.ing形式，因此需将ride变成riding。归纳 现在分词作状语，表示自然而然的结果或伴随，且与句子主语构成逻辑上的主动关系；现在分词作定语表示动作的主动进行行为或正在进行中；动名词作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性动作；此外，应熟记能用动名词作宾语的动词或动词短语。1A study of travelers68(conduct)by the websiteTripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinationsin the world.句中出现双动词conduct与names且无连词，通过name的第三人称单数
40、形式可判定names为句子的谓语，故判定设空处应填非谓语动词形式作a study的定语。conduct3 动词的过去分词与study之间为动宾关系，故用表示被动的过去分词形式。此外，by是解题的关键词，conducted by.意为“由所做的”。故填conducted。2The adobe dwellings(土坯房)41(build)by the PuebloIndians of the American Southwest are admired by even the mostmodern of architects and engineers.build与句子谓语are admired
41、之间无连词，故应填非谓语动词。主语adobe dwellings与动词build之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式作后置定语。又由by一词的暗示也可知用表示被动意义的过去分词。故填built。归纳 过去分词可作状语、定语或补语，表示被动与完成；若作表语常考的为形容词性化的过去分词；过去分词不可作主语或宾语。用所给动词的适当形式填空1.(raise)in the poorest area of Glasgow，he had a long，hard road to becoming a football star.(2015重庆，6)2.Like ancient sailors，birds
42、can find their way(use)the sun and the stars.Raisedusing一 非谓语动词作状语3.(work)for two days，Steve managed tofinish his report on schedule.4.When the clerk saw a kind of face wrinkled in an apologeticsmile，she stood rooted to the ground，(wonder)whether to stay or leave.5.(learn)more about Chinese culture，
43、Jack hasdecided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.Having workedwonderingTo learn6.Anxiously，she took the dress out of the package andtried it on，only(find)it didnt fit.to find二 非谓语动词作定语1.The park was full of people，(enjoy)themselves in the sunshine.2.Amie Salmon，disabled，is attended t
44、hroughout herschool days by a nurse(appoint)to guard her.3.Theres a note pinned to the door(say)whentheshop will open again.enjoyingappointedsaying4.Today there are more airplanes(carry)morepeople than ever before in the skies.5.There are still many problems(solve)beforewe are ready for a long stay
45、on the Moon.6.Volunteering gives you a chance(change)lives，including your own.carryingto be solvedto change三 非谓语动词作主语、宾语或表语1.(ignore)thedifferencebetweenthetworesearch findings will be one of the worst mistakes youmake.2.After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress，Anne Benedict went on(tha
46、nk)allthepeoplewho had helped in her career.Ignoringto thank3.Its standard practice for a company like this one(employ)a security officer.4.The film star wears sunglasses.Therefore，he can go shoppingwithout(recognize).5.For those with family members far away，thepersonal computer and the phone are im
47、portant in staying(connect).6.The engine just wont start.Something seems(go)wrong with it.(2013重庆，34)to employbeing recognizedconnectedto have gone四 非谓语动词作宾补或主补1.Listening to music at home is one thing；going to hear it(perform)live is quite another.2.Little Tom sat(amaze)watchingthemonkey dancing in
48、 front of him.being performedamazed3.Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa，Dr.Leewas very happy to see his mother(take)good care ofat home.4.He is thought(act)foolishly.Now he has noone but himself to blame for losing the job.5.When we saw the road(block)withsnow，wedecided to spend the hol
49、iday at home.takento have actedblocked6.Let those in need(understand)that we willgo all out to help them.understand五 省略句中的非谓语动词及独立主格1.Much time(spend)sittingatadesk，officeworkers are generally troubled by health problems.2.Children，when(accompany)bytheirparents，are allowed to enter the stadium.3.The lecture(give)，a lively question-andanswer session followed.spentaccompaniedhaving been given4.The party will be held in the garden，weather(permit).5.Bats are surprisingly longlived creatures，some(have)a life span of around 20 years.permittinghaving
