1、教材知识复习Unit 1Lifestyles英 语2023高 考 总 复 习 优 化 设 计GAO KAO ZONG FU XI YOU HUA SHE JI内 容 索 引背主题词汇 积写作素材通词句 基础自测提能力 增分课堂研真题 链接高考测效果 课堂评价背主题词汇 积写作素材主题:生活方式单词一、积极的生活方式1.exercise n.&vi.运动,锻炼2.healthy adj.健康的3.positive adj.积极的,主动的4.active adj.积极的5.jog vi.慢跑6.respect vt.&n.尊重7.share v.分享,共同使用8.cooperate vi.合作9.
2、grateful adj.感激的10.sincere adj.真诚的11.modest adj.谦虚的,谦逊的12.reliable adj.可信赖的13.enthusiastic adj.热情的14.optimistic adj.乐观的二、消极的生活方式1.unhealthy adj.不健康的2.smoke vi.&vt.吸烟3.disease n.疾病4.fat adj.肥胖的5.selfish adj.自私的6.mean adj.吝啬的,小气的7.negative adj.消极的8.lonely adj.孤独的9.pessimistic adj.悲观的10.isolated adj.孤单
3、的;隔绝的11.depressed adj.沮丧的12.addicted adj.上瘾的,成瘾的13.overweight adj.过重的,超重的词块1.stay up 熬夜municate with 与交流3.be ready to help others 乐于助人4.be concerned for/about 对担心/关心5.share.with.与分享6.depend/rely on 依靠,相信,信赖7.fit in with 与相适应/相融洽8.get on/along well with sb 与某人相处融洽9.be in harmony with.与和谐相处10.be on go
4、od terms with sb 与某人关系好11.work out 锻炼12.be bored with 厌烦13.be addicted to 对上瘾/成瘾14.be/get used/accustomed to 习惯于15.have words with 与发生口角16.have.in common 有共同之处通词句 基础自测教材单词必背写作词汇1.mattervi.要紧,有重大关系2.partnern.合作者,搭档3.lifestylen.生活方式4.supposevt.认为,猜想5.switch vt.转换,转变6.alarmn.警报,警告器7.midnightn.午夜,半夜8.ex
5、pertn.专家9.suffervi.遭受(痛苦),感到疼痛10.pressuren.压力11.socialadj.社交的;社会的12.reducevt.减少;降低13.dietn.饮食;节食14.standvt.忍耐,忍受15.volunteern.志愿者16.challengen.挑战17.nearbyadj.附近的 adv.在附近18.otherwiseadv.否则;另外19.lungn.肺20.classicaladj.古典的21.formaladj.正式的,合礼仪的22.cyclevi.骑自行车23.stylen.风格,作风识记阅读词汇1.questionnaire n.问卷;调查表
6、2.cartoon n.卡通片,动画片3.portable adj.轻便的,手提(式)的4.remote adj.遥远的5.paperwork n.日常文书工作6.document n.公文,文件7.studio n.演播室;工作室8.minus adj.零下,负9.basin n.脸盆10.dial vt.拨(电话号码)11.presentation n.表演;展示12.accountant n.会计,会计师13.tube n.(英)地铁14.forecast n.预报;预测15.cigar n.雪茄烟16.mini-skirt n.迷你裙,超短裙17.kung fu n.(中国)功夫构织连
7、脉词汇1.peacen.和平peacefuladj.平静的,和平的peacefullyadv.宁静地,安详地,和平地2.relaxv.放松relaxingadj.轻松的,放松的relaxedadj.松懈的,感到放松的relaxationn.放松;缓和3.stressn.压力stressfuladj.充满压力的,紧张的stressedadj.感到有压力的4.urgevt.催促;主张;促进urgentadj.急迫的,紧急的urgencyn.紧急,紧迫5.borev.使厌烦boredomn.厌倦;令人厌烦的事物boredadj.厌烦的,不感兴趣的boringadj.令人厌烦的6.organisevt
8、.组织organisationn.组织organisern.组织者7.prefervt.更喜欢;宁愿preferencen.偏好,优先,偏爱的事物8.graduatevi.毕业graduationn.毕业9.supportvt.&n.支持;支撑supportiveadj.支持的supportern.支持者10.designn.&vt.设计designern.设计者11.advertisev.广告advertisementn.广告advertisingn.广告业12.crowdn.人群,一伙人crowdedadj.拥挤的13.sickadj.生病的;恶心的sicknessn.疾病14.dista
9、ncen.距离distantadj.远的,遥远的distantlyadv.遥远地常用短语1.be fond of 喜欢2.switch on把开关打开,接通3.switch off把关掉,关上4.be filled with充满着5.suffer from忍受,遭受e up with想出7.play a part/role in 起的作用;扮演的角色8.switch over 转换频道,转变9.be free of 无的10.as a result 结果11.go off(铃、爆竹等)响12.take up 占据13.at the moment 此刻,目前重点句型1.I always take
10、 my portable TV and I sit on the stone wall while the dog walks round in a circle.(Page 8)【尝试翻译】我总是随身携带手提电视,坐在石墙上看,小狗则在我的身边绕圈。【考点凝练】while 引导并列句2.It takes me less than fifteen minutes to wash,get changed,have breakfast,leave home and get on a bus.(Page 9)【尝试翻译】我从洗漱、穿衣、吃早饭、离开家到坐上公共汽车用不到15分钟的时间。【考点凝练】i
11、t takes/took sb some time to do sth 某人做某事花多长时间3.I am always the first person to get to the office.(Page 9)【尝试翻译】我总是第一个到办公室(的人)。【考点凝练】the first/second.to do sth 第一个/第二个做某事(的人)4.When I get home at about ten,I look at some documents that I bring back from the office so that I can be ready for the next
12、days work.(Page 9)【尝试翻译】晚上大约10点我才能到家。到家后还要浏览从办公室带回的文件,为第二天的工作做准备。【考点凝练】so that引导目的状语从句5.Usually,its so crowded that I cant find anywhere to sit.(Page 14)【尝试翻译】通常地铁很拥挤,我很难找到座位坐下。【考点凝练】so.that.引导结果状语从句单元词句小测.单词小测1.People working in a relaxing atmosphere will no doubt feel relaxed because the surroundi
13、ngs can bring them relaxation and warmth.(relax)2.The endless boring work brought great boredom to him,so he became more and more bored with his work and finally gave it up.(bore)3.We are proud that we are living a peaceful life now,but in some countries people cant live peacefully for various reaso
14、ns.(peace)4.We students feel stressed out every day because we have to study hard to get good grades to pass the National College Entrance Examination.We need to find some ways to deal with our stressful school life like listening to music or taking exercise.(stress)5.After the flood,the area was in
15、 urgent need of daily necessities.The government realized the urgency of the situation and urged other provinces to offer help immediately.(urgent)6.The organiser of the activity said that it was organisedto donate money to the charitable organisation to help those people in need.(organise)7.She gra
16、duated from a key university and after graduation she volunteered to go to a remote mountain village to teach English.(graduate)8.His parents were always supportive of him when he made his own decisions.Even if he made some mistakes,they still supported him.So he said they were his loyal supporters.
17、(support)9.They travelled the whole night without stopping because it was a long distance to the destination.After a while,they could faintly saw the distant hills and heard dogs barking distantly.(distance).短语小测I 1.am fond of(喜欢)playing basketball.Last Sunday morning I woke up as soon as the alarm
18、clock 2.went off(响了).I 3.switched it off(把它关上),put on my sports shoes and ran to the playground.When I got there,I found the playground was already 4.filled with(充满着)many students and the court had been 5.takenup(占据).I 6.came up with(想出)an idea that I would join one of the teams.Our team had a match
19、 with another team.I played so well and 7.played an important part/role in(起重要作用)the match.I played so hard that I hurt one of my ankles by accident.8.As a result(结果),I have been 9.suffering from(遭受)the pain for a week.句型小测高考情境仿写1.一些同学帮助老人们打扫房间,而另一些同学和老人们聊天。(while)Some of the students helped the old
20、 men clean their rooms while otherschatted with them.2.为妈妈的生日聚会做准备花去了玛丽亚一整个上午的时间。(it takes/took sb some time to do sth)It took Maria the whole morning to make preparations for her mothers birthday party.3.希望你能给我推荐一些听力材料以便于我提高听力技巧。(so that)I hope you can recommend some listening materials to me so th
21、at I canimprove my listening skills.4.听到这个消息后,孩子们都高兴地跳了起来。(so.that.)Hearing the news,the children were so excited that they all jumped with joy.5.每天早晨,她总是第一个到教室。(the first.to do sth)Every morning,she is always the first person to get to the classroom.提能力 增分课堂核心词汇突破1.matter vi.要紧,有重大关系【练会】单句填空Each pe
22、rson,no matter who they are,has psychological imbalance.I knew him when we were in collegeas a matter of fact,we were classmates.To make matters worse(bad),I had my wallet stolen on the bus on the way to the supermarket.【写美】完成句子背诵事实上,这次汉语演讲比赛是专门为外国学生举办的。(应用文之活动介绍)As a matter of fact,the Chinese Spee
23、ch Contest is held specially for foreign students.【归纳】(1)It doesnt matter(+从句).()没关系。(2)matter n.物质;要紧事;麻烦事as a matter of fact事实上;实际上no matter who(what/where.)不管谁(什么/哪里)a matter of.的问题to make matters worse 更糟糕的是【点津】表示“实际上,事实上”的词汇还有in fact,in reality,in practice,in effect,actually等。2.suppose vt.认为,猜想
24、【练会】单句填空Miss Wang,will Marie pass the exam?I suppose so.You know,she has been working so hard.Suppose/Supposing(suppose)we start out at 6 in the morning,we can get there before dark.As a matter of fact,you are supposed(suppose)to turn to the police for help.Smoking is supposedly(supposed)an importan
25、t factor which causes lung cancer.【写美】句式升级背诵If you won the lottery,what would you do with the money?Suppose/Supposing you won the lottery,what would you do with the money?【归纳】(1)suppose sb/sth(to be).认为某人/某事(是)I suppose我认为(常用作插入语)I suppose so./I suppose not.我想是这样。/我想不会的。suppose/supposing(that).假使,假定
26、(2)be supposed to do 应该做(3)supposedly adv.据说;据传;据推测【点津】与believe,think,guess,expect一样,suppose可构成复杂特殊疑问句,即它常用在“特殊疑问词+do you suppose+宾语从句?”的结构中。3.urgent adj.急迫的,紧急的【练会】单句填空Rarely did Maria turn to others for help,but this was a matter of urgency(urgent).Its urgent that the food and water(should)be dist
27、ributed(distribute)among the victims.We urge that systems(should)be put(put)in place to prevent such accidents from happening again.Red Cross officials said that people in the disaster-stricken areas urgently(urgent)needed food,water and medicine.【写美】完成句子背诵依我看,许多同学的学习方法急需改进。(应用文之学校生活)In my view,many
28、 students learning methods are in urgent need ofimproving.【归纳】(1)Its urgent that.(should)do.迫切需要in urgent need of 急需(2)urge vt.催促;主张;促进urge sb to do sth 敦促某人做某事urge that./it is urged that.主张(3)urgency n.紧急,紧迫urgently adv.紧急地【点津】在Its urgent that./urge that/It is urged that.句型中,从句中的谓语动词要用“should+动词原形”
29、表示虚拟,should可以省略。4.bored adj.厌烦的,不感兴趣的【练会】单句填空Never bore others with your own things that are meaningless.The speakers boring(bore)remarks made the people present angry.The children quickly got bored(bore)with staying indoors and were anxious to get out.Television helps to relieve the boredom(bored)o
30、f the long winter evenings.【写美】句式升级背诵We were bored that the football match had been canceled.What made us bored was that the football match wascanceled.(what引导主语从句)【归纳】(1)be bored with sth对某事感到厌烦(2)bore vt.使厌烦bore sb with sth用某事烦扰某人(3)boring adj.无聊的;令人厌烦的boredom n.无聊;厌倦【佳句】Bored with the boring comp
31、uter games,David made his mind to concentrate on his study.戴维厌倦了乏味的电脑游戏,他下决心要专心学习。5.suffer vi.遭受(痛苦),感到疼痛【练会】单句填空This war has caused widespread human suffering(suffer).Although he had suffered from a serious illness for years,Jimmy lost none of his love for life.【写美】句式升级背诵The city had suffered great
32、 losses from the flood and was in urgent need of being rebuilt.Having suffered great losses from the flood,the city was in urgent need of being rebuilt.(现在分词短语作状语)【归纳】(1)suffer from忍受,遭受(2)suffer vt.遭受,经历suffer defeat/hardship 遭到失败/遭受苦难(3)suffering n.痛苦不用于被动语态6.reduce vt.减少;降低【练会】单句填空The new regulat
33、ions will benefit the reduction(reduce)of domestic unemployment.(2020全国卷)And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds surrounding the mountain tops,he was reduced(reduce)to tears.The number of employees in the small company was reduced from 40 to 25.【写美】完成句子背诵新的垃圾分类规则已经帮助减少百分之
34、六十多的垃圾量。The new trash-sorting regulations have helped reduce the amount ofrubbish by over 60%.【归纳】(1)reduce from.to.从减少到reduce.by.使减少了be reduced to.沦落为;使陷入某种状态或状况中(2)reduction n.减少,降低【佳句】China promised to reduce its carbon emissions to 75 percent by 2035,which represented the responsible attitude of
35、 the great power.中国承诺到2035年减少碳排放量到75%,这展现出了大国负责任的态度。7.prefer vt.更喜欢;宁愿【练会】单句填空(2021新高考全国卷)We prefer to describe/describing(describe)emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes.Many people expressed a strong preference(prefer)for the original pl
36、an.Ann prefers to watch cartoons while her brother prefers reading mysteries to watching(watch)movies.I prefer that my daughter not to study(study)abroad after graduation because there are also many famous universities at home.【写美】一句多译背诵她宁愿待在家也不愿去旅行。She prefers staying at home to goingtravelling.(pr
37、efer.to.)She prefers to stay at home rather than gotravelling.(prefer.rather than.)【归纳】(1)prefer doing/to do sth 宁愿/喜欢做某事prefer sb to do sth 宁愿某人做某事prefer to do sth rather than do sth/prefer doing sth to doing sth宁愿做某事而不愿做某事prefer that.希望(2)preference n.偏好,偏爱have a preference for 偏爱【点津】prefer后跟句子时,从
38、句中的谓语动词要用“should+动词原形”表示虚拟,should可以省略。【佳句】Her brother prefers playing basketball while she has a preferencefor music.她哥哥喜欢打篮球,而她更喜欢音乐。8.design n.&vt.设计【练会】单句填空(2021新高考全国卷)The very first Federal Duck Stamp wasdesigned(design)by J.N.“Ding”Darling,a political cartoonist from Des Moines,Iowa,who at that
39、 time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey.(2020天津卷)The Silence Machine is a device specially designed(design)to stop unwanted sound from affecting you.Do you think the traffic accident was caused by accident or by design?The book is designed f
40、or senior high school students to improve(improve)their understanding of English grammar.【写美】句式升级背诵This building is designed for sports and training programs and its beautiful.This building designed for sports and training programs is beautiful.(过去分词短语作定语)【归纳】(1)design sb/sth to do sth打算让某人/某物做某事be
41、designed for.为而设计be designed to do sth打算用来做某事(2)by design故意地;蓄意地(3)designer n.设计者【点津】故意地by designon purposedeliberately偶然地by chanceby accidentaccidentally【佳句】I like the design of the skirt,which was designed by a famous designer.我喜欢这种裙子的设计,它是由一位著名的设计师设计的。9.go off(铃、爆竹等)响【练会】单句填空The thieves ran away
42、when the burglar alarm went off.I suppose changes are being made here which go against my principles and I cannot agree with them.The program is now going through crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards.To get a better grade,you should go over your notes before the test.【写美】句式升级背诵
43、After the fire went out all together,the firefighters left the apartment.It was after the fire went out all together that the firefighters left the apartment.(强调句)【归纳】go against违反;反对go after追求,追逐;谋求go ahead(with)开始,进行;前进go by(时间)逝去;过去go over复习,过一遍;仔细检查go on继续;(灯)亮go out熄灭;过时;出去go through通过;仔细检查;经历10
44、.take up 占据;从事【练会】单句填空Jack is interested in AI.Studying AI almost takes up all his spare time.The more fat you take in before bedtime,the greater burden you will put on your body at night.We are not going to take on any new staff at the moment.Can you take over the cooking while I walk the dog?【写美】完
45、成句子背诵如果你能考虑我的申请,我将不胜感激。(应用文之申请信)Id appreciate it if you could take my application intoaccount/consideration.【归纳】take back收回;退货take down拿下;写下,记下take in吸收;欺骗;理解take it easy别着急,慢慢来take off脱下;起飞take on呈现,具有(特征);承担;雇用take.into account/consideration考虑take over接管补遗缺 微点练全一词多义1.switchA.vt.转换 B.v.调班 C.n.开关He
46、threw a switch and all the lights in the room came on.CThe company switched the boats to other routes.AWould you like to switch with me next week?B2.standA.vt.忍耐,忍受 B.vi.站立 C.vi.屹立 D.vt.经得起 E.n.摊位 F.n.立场These are the plants that cant stand the cold well in winter.DAfter the earthquake,only a few hou
47、ses were left standing.CI cant stand others interrupting me while I am speaking.AHe was criticized for his tough stand on the policy of immigration.FStudents usually stand up when teachers enter the classroom.BCome by our stand at the exhibition and see our new products.E3.supportA.n.支持,赞成 B.vt.支撑 C
48、.vt.供养,养活 D.n.支撑物 E.vt.赞助Mark has two children to support from his first marriage.COnly a few people at the meeting spoke in support of the proposal.AThe old man entered the room,supported by his son.BIt is said that the project is supported by a big company.EWorkers will be reinforcing supports und
49、er the bridge.D重点句型透视1.while引导并列句【教材原句】I always take my portable TV and I sit on the stone wall whilethe dog walks round in a circle.(Page 8)我总是随身携带手提电视,坐在石墙上看,小狗则在我的身边绕圈。【练会】单句填空(2021新高考全国卷)The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help
50、her patients,while a cheater might use it to control potential victims.While/Although/Though she felt tired,Mrs Green went on with her experiment in the lab.While surfing(surf)the Internet,Fred heard a terrible noise coming from the kitchen.【写美】完成句子背诵虽然很累,但我觉得我度过了快乐而有意义的一天。(应用文之活动介绍)While/Although/T
51、hough very tired,I felt I spent a happy and meaningful day.【归纳】(1)while可以连接并列句,强调前后两者之间情况的对比,此时while一般可译为“而,然而”。(2)while可以引导让步状语从句,表示“尽管”,相当于although/though。(3)while还可以引导时间状语从句,表示“在时候”。当while引导的时间状语从句的主语是it或与主句主语一致,且含有be动词时,可以省去从句的主语及be动词。【点津】while引导的让步状语从句一般放在主句前。2.it takes/took sb some time to do
52、sth 某人做某事花多长时间【教材原句】It takes me less than fifteen minutes to wash,get changed,have breakfast,leave home and get on a bus.(Page 9)我从洗漱、穿衣、吃早饭、离开家到坐上公共汽车用不到15分钟的时间。【练会】单句填空It took the Egyptians nearly twenty years to build(build)the pyramid.It took me about two hours to finish the homework last night.
53、【写美】一句多译背诵我们花了将近一个小时爬到山顶。It took us about an hour to climb to the top of the mountain.(take)We spent about an hour(in)climbing to the top of the mountain.(spend)【归纳】it takes/took sb some time to do sth表示“某人做某事花多长时间”,其中it为形式主语,后面的动词不定式作真正的主语。该结构常可用sbspend(s)/spent some time(in)doing sth改写。【佳句】It took
54、 me more than an hour to prepare for tomorrows speech.我花了一个多小时准备明天的演讲。3.the first/second.to do sth第一个/第二个做某事(的人)【教材原句】I am always the first person to get to the office.(Page 9)我总是第一个到办公室(的人)。【练会】单句填空Mo Yan is the first Chinese to win(win)the Nobel Prize for Literature.As I know,he would be the last
55、to agree(agree)to the plan.I have confidence in his ability to solve(solve)the tough problem.【写美】完成句子背诵为了不错过这次郊游,我第一个到达了学校门口。(应用文之活动介绍)In order not to miss the outing,I was the first to get to the school gate.【归纳】(1)英语中序数词是中心词或作定语修饰名词时,后常用不定式作后置定语。(2)除了序数词外,最高级或no,all,any等限定词的中心词也常用动词不定式作后置定语。(3)cha
56、nce,wish,ability,courage,need,promise,attempt,time,opportunity,way等名词后常用不定式作后置定语。4.so that引导目的状语从句;so.that.引导结果状语从句【教材原句】When I get home at about ten,I look at some documents that I bring back from the office so that I can be ready for the next days work.(Page 9)晚上大约10点我才能到家。到家后还要浏览从办公室带回的文件,为第二天的工作
57、做准备。Usually,its so crowded that I cant find anywhere to sit.(Page 14)通常地铁很拥挤,我很难找到座位坐下。【练会】单句填空The place of interest is so attractive that every year many tourists visit it.There were so many kinds of goods in the supermarket that I couldnt decide what to choose.He has made such rapid progress that
58、the teachers are satisfied with him.So much had he changed that I could hardly recognize him when I saw him.She is such a good teacher that all the students love and respect her.【写美】句型转换背诵I have such a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher.I have so good a comm
59、and of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher.(so.that.)The story is so interesting that I want to read it again.So interesting is the story that I want to read it again.(倒装句)Yesterday morning he got up very early,so that he caught the first train to Shanghai.Yesterday morning
60、he got up so early that he caught the first train to Shanghai.(so.that.)【归纳】(1)so that引导目的状语从句时,从句中常含有can/may/could/might等情态动词。(2)so.that.引导结果状语从句表示“如此以至于”,常用句式为:so+adj./adv.+that+从句。【点津】(1)so that也引导结果状语从句,这时一般前面用逗号和主句隔开。(2)so.that.也常用于以下结构:so+adj.+a(n)+n.+that+从句或so+many/little/much/few+n.+that+从句
61、。(3)“so.that.”句型的倒装形式为:So+adj./adv.+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+that从句。(4)such的常用句式:such+a(n)+adj.+n.+that+从句=so+adj.+a(n)+n.+that+从句或such+adj.+n.(复数或不可数)+that+从句。研真题 链接高考(2020新高考全国卷,阅读理解D)健康的生活方式、积极的生活态度According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research,both the size and consumption habits of our
62、 eating companions can influence our food intake.And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份),its the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.To test the effect of social influence on eating habits,the researchers c
63、onducted two experiments.In the first,95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly(表面上)participate in a study about movie viewership.Before the film began,each woman was asked to help herself to a snack.An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first.In her natu
64、ral state,the actor weighed 105 pounds.But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food.The participants followed suit,taking more food than they normally would have.However,t
65、hey took significantly more when the actor was thin.For the second test,in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls.In the other case,she took 30 pieces.The results were similar to the first test:the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the t
66、hin actor took 30 pieces.The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when were making decisions.If this fellow participant is going to eat more,so will I.Call it the“Ill have what shes having”effect.However,well adjust the influence.If an overweight person is having a large p
67、ortion,Ill hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits.But if a thin person eats a lot,Ill follow suit.If he can eat much and keep slim,why cant I?理清脉络真题再做12.What is the recent study mainly about?A.Food safety.B.Movie viewership.C.Consumer demand.D.Eating behavior.答案 D解析 细节理解题。由文章
68、第一段第一句可知,这项研究是关于就餐同伴对人们的食物摄取量的影响的。故选D项。13.What does the underlined word“beanpoles”in paragraph 1 refer to?A.Big eaters.B.Overweight persons.C.Picky eaters.D.Tall thin persons.答案 D解析 词义猜测题。由第一段第二句可知,现行研究认为,你应该避免与点大份餐的胖人一同吃饭。但与此相反,这项研究结果显示,你真正应该回避的是大饭量的细高个儿。最后一段也有提示。故选D项。14.Why did the researchers hir
69、e the actor?A.To see how she would affect the participants.B.To test if the participants could recognize her.C.To find out what she would do in the two tests.D.To study why she could keep her weight down.答案 A解析 推理判断题。由第三段可推知,研究者们雇用一位演员,目的在于看她如何影响参与者的胃口。故选A项。15.On what basis do we“adjust the influenc
70、e”according to the last paragraph?A.How hungry we are.B.How slim we want to be.C.How we perceive others.D.How we feel about the food.答案 C解析 推理判断题。由最后一段描述可知,如果一位超重的人吃得多,“我”会减量,因为“我”能看到他饮食习惯的结果;但瘦人吃得多,“我”则会跟着多吃。由此可推知,人们饭量的调整是基于对吃饭的人的看法。故选C项。语言能力1.掌握构词知识词根派生词性及词义例句weightoverweight adj.超重的If an overweig
71、ht person is having a large portion,Ill hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits.2.猜测生僻词词义According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research,both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake.摄取量3.牢记熟词生义短语含义例句follow suit 跟着做
72、,模仿(的)样子The results were similar to the first test:the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.4.仿写经典句型If this fellow participant is going to eat more,so will I.仿写:新西兰人非常注意餐桌礼仪,中国人也是如此。The New Zealanders care a lot about table manners,and so do
73、 the Chinese.5.破解复杂句式And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份),its the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.分析:这是一个复合句,在介词短语contrary to后有that引导的定语从句修饰research;you really need to avoid又是一个定语从句修饰先行词the beanpoles
74、,with big appetites是介词短语作定语用来修饰the beanpoles。译文:和现存研究的结论“你应该避免和肥胖且吃得多的人在一起吃饭”相反,你真正需要避免(一同吃饭)的应该是身材苗条但是吃得多的人。技法点拨通过上下文推测短语或单词意义此处通过画线词上一句的“And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people.”可知,“beanpoles”所在句与其前一句中的研究结论是相反的,由此可推知“beanpoles”的含义。测效果 课堂评价.熟词生义练所谓熟词生
75、义的“生”,是相对而言的。一般分为两种情况:1.生义和基本义之间有联系常常是一词多义中的衍生义,只是这个衍生义与基本义之间的联系不容易想到,这就需要在日常词汇学习的过程中,培养结合具体语境,由词汇的基本义推测其衍生义的能力;这是高考的重点。2.生义与基本义之间联系不紧密这需要在词汇学习的过程中注意一些低义频的释义,特别是与基本义之间联系不大的释义。这方面的考查很少。1.stress(教材P10)项目意义例句熟义n.压力Youll have to excuse him;hes been under a lot of stress lately.生义n.重点The course lays grea
76、t stress on the importance of oral communication.vt.强调He stressed that this would be a temporary appointment.v.重读The noun“desert”is stressed on the first syllable.2.reduce(教材P10)项目意义例句熟义 vt.减少Try to reduce the amount of fat,sugar and salt in your diet.生义v.把毁坏成The building was reduced to ruins by the
77、 explosion of the bomb.v.使陷入(不利境地)Eventually,David was reduced to begging for a living.vt.使某人流泪/沉默等 Janes extraordinary reply reduced me to silence.3.introduce(教材P18)项目意义例句熟义 vt.介绍First of all,please allow me to introduce myself to you.生义v.引入,引进Chocolate was introduced to Europe from Mexico.vt.使接触 S
78、hes introduced the children to literature from Asian countries.单句语法填空A组基础必练1.While selecting job applicants,we usually give preference(prefer)to those with some experience.2.In these days of technological change,we all suffer from information overload.3.He wants to make progress in a relaxing(relax)
79、way,for he thinks it boring to do a lot of word exercises.4.Dianas house was crowded(crowd)with happy people whose outbursts of song were accompanied by lively music.5.The girl was so beautiful that she won the international championship in the beauty contest held in Argentina last month.B组高考链接6.(20
80、21新高考全国卷)Unfortunately,it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate(decimate)a large part of these resources.7.(2021天津3月卷)As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with a baseball uniform,I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer se
81、rved him,just as our lizard had.8.(2021天津3月卷)Today I am living a creative life as the designer(design)of my own fashion brand.9.(2021新高考全国卷)While/When youre in China,Mount Huangshan is a must to visit!10.(2021全国乙卷)For this work,titled“Truckload of Plastic”,Von Wong and a group of volunteers(voluntee
82、r)collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic,which were then tied together to look like theyd been dumped from a truck all at once.短语填空go off,be fond of,at the moment,be filled with,switch on,suffer from,play a/an.part/role in,take up,come up with,as a result 1.No one has come up with a convincing
83、 explanation of why dinosaurs died out on Earth tens of millions of years ago.2.I am fond of enjoying soft music in my spare time whenever I feel tired from studying.3.He overslept this morning and as a result,he was late for school.4.Suffering from a serious disease,the mother is unable to get out
84、of bed.5.The alarm clock did go off,but I was so sleepy that I just yawned,turned over and went back to sleep.6.It is widely accepted that China is playing an important part/role ininternational affairs.7.Learning that it was the man standing beside her who saved her,Linda was so moved and her eyes
85、were filled with tears.8.Im short of money at the momentcan I pay you back next week?9.I know how busy you must be and naturally I dont want to take up too much of your time.10.After entering the room,he switched on the lights,took off his clothes and sat on the sofa for a rest.微语法填空Tomorrow is Satu
86、rday and I 1.am going to visit(visit)the West Lake to relax myself because I feel great stress from study.I 2.am taking(take)the high-speed railway which,I suppose,is fast and comfortable.It 3.leaves(leave)at 8 oclock tomorrow morning.I 4.am getting up(get up)at 6 to get everything ready.After arriv
87、ing there,I 5.am going totour(tour)the West Lake,enjoy its beautiful scenery and take some photos.Also I 6.am going to taste(taste)Hangzhous delicious food.I 7.am returning(return)on Sunday and the train 8.starts(start)at 3 pm.I believe I will have a very relaxing weekend.话题微写作1.我认为,我们应该拥有健康的生活方式。(b
88、e supposed to,lifestyle)2.早晨闹钟一响,我们就应该立刻起床进行锻炼。(alarm clock,go off)3.我们要控制好自己的饮食,吃健康食品。(diet)4.另外,我们要采取措施减少学习和工作压力,但千万不要让游戏占据太多我们宝贵的时间。(reduce,stress,take up)5.只有这样,我们才能保持健康,少患疾病。(suffer from,illness)【连句成篇】将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。I think we are supposed to have a healthy lifestyle.As soon as the
89、alarmclock goes off in the morning,we should get up at once to takeexercise.Also,we must control our own diets and eat healthy food.Inaddition,we have to take measures to reduce stress from work andstudy,but never allow games to take up too much of our precioustime.Only in this way can we keep healthy and suffer from less illness.
