1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家浙江省2012高考英语二轮复习专题训练：阅读理解（96）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AHere are some of the worlds most impressive subwaysThe Tokyo Metro and Toei LinesFeatures: The Tokyo Metro and Toei lines that compose Tokyos massive subway system carry almost 8 million people each day, making it the bu
2、siest system in the worldThe system is famous for its oshiya- literally, “pusher”- who shove passengers into crowded subway cars so the doors can closeAnd you think your commute is hellThe Moscow MetroFeatures: The Moscow Metro has some of the most beautiful stations in the worldThe best of them wer
3、e built during the Stalinist era and feature chandeliers（枝形吊灯）, marble moldings and elaborate murals（精美的壁画）With more than 7 million riders a day, keeping all that marble clean has got to be a burdenThe Hong Kong MetroFeatures: The Hong Kong MTR has the distinction of being one of the few subway syst
4、ems in the world that actually turns a profitIts privately owned and uses real estate development along its tracks to increase income and ridershipIt also introduced “Octopus cards” that allow people to not only pay their fares electronically, but buy stuff at convenience stores, supermarkets, resta
5、urants and even parking metersIts estimated that 95 % of all adults in Hong Kong own an Octopus card Shanghai MetroFeatures: Shanghai is the third city in China to build a metro system, and it has become the countrys largest in the 12 years since it openedShanghai Metro has 142 miles of track and pl
6、ans to add another 180 miles within five yearsBy that point, it would be three times larger than Chicago “L”The system carries about 218 million people a dayThe LondonMetroFeatures: Londoners call their subway the Underground, even though 55 percent of it lies above groundNo matter when youve got th
7、e oldest mass-transit system in the world, you can call it anything you likeTrains started in1863 and theyve been running ever sinceSome 3 million people ride each day, every one of them remembering to “Mind the gap”1Which one can provide the riders some wonderful decorations at the stations?AThe To
8、kyo Metro and Toei Lines BThe Moscow MetroCThe London Metro DThe Hong Kong MTR2_ is done with the purpose of making moneyAThe Tokyo Metro and Toei Lines BThe Moscow MetroCThe London Metro DThe Hong Kong MTR3We can learn from the passage that Shanghai Metro _Acarries the most people each dayBis the w
9、orlds largestCmay be larger than the Chicago “L” in the futureDis the busiest in the world4How many subways carry more than 5 million people per day?A2 B3 C4 D5BArchaeology, like many academic words, comes from Greek and means, more or less, “the study of old things”So, it is really a part of the st
10、udy of historyHowever, most historians use paper evidence, such as letters, paintings and photographs, but archaeologists（考古学家）learn from the objects left behind by the humans of long agoNormally, these are the hard materials that dont break down or disappear very quicklythings like human bones and
11、objects made from stone and metalIt is very unusual to find anything more than the hard evidence of historynormally, the bacteria in the air eat away at soft materials, like bodies, clothes and things made of woodOccasionally, things are differentIn 1984, two men made an amazing discovery while work
12、ing in a bog called Lindow Moss, in the north of EnglandA bog is a very wet area of earth, with a lot of plants growing in itIt can be like a very big and very thick vegetable soupwalk in the wrong place and you can sink and disappear foreverThe men were working when one of them saw something sticki
13、ng outa human foot! Naturally, the men called the police, who then found the rest of the bodyWas it a case of murder? Possiblybuy it was a death nearly two thousand years oldThe two men had found a body from the time of the Roman invasion of BritainDespite being so old, this body had skin, muscles,
14、hair and internal organsthe scientists who examined him were able to look inside the mans stomach and find the food that he had eaten for his last meal!Why was this man so well preserved? It was because he was in a very watery environment, safe from the bacteria that need oxygen to liveAlso, the wat
15、er in the bog was very acidicThe acid preserved the mans skin in the way that animal skin is preserved for leather coats and shoesHow did he die? Understandably, archaeologists and other scientists wanted to know more about the person that they called “Lindow Man”His hands and fingernails suggested
16、that he hadnt done heavy manual work in this lifehe could have been a rich manThey found that he hadnt died by accidentThe archaeologists believe that he was sacrificed to three different gods5Which language does the word “archaeology” come from?AFrench BGreek CRoman DGerman。6The word “these” in the
17、 first paragraph refers to _Aletters Bphotographs Cpaintings Dobjects7Which of the following helped to preserve “Lindow Man”?AIce and low temperature BBacteria and oxygenCSoil and energy DAcid and water8According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A“Lindow Man” was named after
18、 the person who first found himBHistorians usually use paper evidence, while archaeologists use hard evidenceC“Lindow Man” was found by two archaeologists in the south of EnglandD“Lindow Man” was good at manual work9Which is the best title for the passage?AWhat Is Archaeology?BArchaeology and Histor
19、yCAn Amazing Archaeological DiscoveryDThe Death of “Lindow Man”CWhat is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man or woman who studies and applies physics, biology, chemistry, geology, engineering, medicine or any other science? We all know that science plays an important role i
20、n our societiesHowever, many people believe that our progress depends on two different aspects of scienceThe first aspect is the application of the machines, products and systems of knowledge that scientists and technologists developThe second is the application of the special methods of thought and
21、 actionthat scientists use in their workWhat are these special methods of thinking and acting? First of all, it seems that a successful scientist is curious - he wants to find out how and why the universe worksHe usually pays attention to problems which he notices have no satisfying explanation, and
22、looks for relationships even if the data available seem to be unconnectedMoreover,he thinks he can improve the existing conditions and enjoys trying to solve the problems which this involvesHe is a good observer, accurate, patient and objective（客观的） and uses the facts he observes to the fullestFor e
23、xample, trained observers obtain a very large amount of information about a star mainly from the accurate analysis of the simple lines that appear in a spectrum（光谱）He does not accept statements which are not based on the most complete evidence availableHe rejects authority as the only basis for trut
24、hScientists always check statements and make experiments carefully and objectivelyFurthermore,he does not readily accept his own idea, since he knows that man is the least reliable of scientific instruments and that a number of factors tend to disturb objective investigationLastly,he is full of imag
25、inationsince he often has to look for relationships in data which are not only complex but also frequently incompleteFurthermore,he needs imaginationif he wants to guess how processes work and how events take placeThese seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scientist or technologist thin
26、ks and acts10Many people believe that science helps society to progress through_Aknowledge onlyBmore than one aspect Ctechnology only Dthe use of machines11Which of the following statements about a curious scientist is TRUE?AHe doesnt find confidence and pleasure in workBHe is interested in problems
27、 that are explainedCHe makes efforts to investigate potential connectionsDHe looks for new ways of acting12According to the passage, a successful scientist would NOT_Aeasily believe in unchecked statementsBeasily criticize others research work Calways use his imagination in work Dalways use evidence
28、 from observation13Which word can be used to describe the data that a good scientist uses?Acomplete Bobjective Ccomplicated Daccurate14What does the passage mainly discuss? AApplication of technology BProgress in modem society CScientists ways of thinking and acting DHow to become a successful scien
29、tistDMost of us spend our lives seeking the natural worldTo this end, we walk the dog, play golf, go fishing, sit in the garden, drink outside rather than inside the pub, have a picnic, live in the suburbs, go to the seaside, buy a weekend place in the countryThe most popular free time activity in B
30、ritain is going for a walkAnd when joggers （慢跑者） jog, they dont run the streetsEvery one of them automatically heads to the park or the riverIt is my firm belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all seek nature, whether we know we are doing so or notBut despite this, our children are grow
31、ing up nature-deprived （丧失）I spent my boyhood climbing treesThese days, children are robbed of these ancient freedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and strange new ideas about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things
32、 that can be foundThe truth is to be found elsewhereA study in the US: families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD （多动症）Those whose housing had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice vi
33、ew improved just 4%A study in Sweden indicated that kindergarten children who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability than children used only to a normal playgroundA US study suggested that when a school gave children access to a natural environment, the ent
34、ire school would do better in studiesAnother study found that children play differently in a natural environmentIn playgrounds, children create a hierarchy （等级） based on physical abilities, with the tough ones taking the leadBut when a grassy area was planted with bushes, the children got much more
35、into fantasy play, and the social hierarchy was now based on imagination and creativityMost bullying （恃强凌弱） is found in schools where there is a tarmac （柏油碎石） playground; the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to exploreThis reminds me unpleasantly of Sunnyhill Scho
36、ol, with its hard tarmac, where I used to hang about in corners dreaming about wildlifeBut children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural spaces, for health and safety reasons, for fear that they might get dirty or that they might cause damageSo, instead, the damage is done to the
37、 children themselves: not to their bodies but to their soulsOne of the great problems of modern childhood is ADHD, now increasingly and expensively treated with drugsYet one study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD childrenHowever, we spend money on drugs ra
38、ther than on green placesThe life of old people is much better when they have access to natureThe most important for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of yearsAnd study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that qualityIn
39、wider and more difficult areas of life, there is evidence to indicate that natural surroundings improve all kinds of thingsEven problems with crime and aggressive behaviour are reduced when there is contact with the natural worldDr William Bird, researcher from the Royal Society for the Protection o
40、f Birds, states in his study, “A natural environment can reduce violent behaviour because its process helps reduce anger and behavior that people might regret later” Wild places need encouraging for this reason, no matter how small their contributionWe tend to think human beings are doing nature som
41、e kind of favour when we are protecting natureThe error here is far too deep: not only do humans need nature for themselves, but the very idea that humanity and the natural world are separable things is damagingHuman beings are a species of animalsFor seven million years we lived on the planet as pa
42、rt of natureSo we miss the natural world and long for contact with non-human lifeAnyone who has patted a dog, stroked a cat, sat under a tree with a glass of beer, given or received a bunch of flowers or chosen to walk through the park on a nice day, understands thatWe need the wild worldIt is neces
43、sary to our well-being, our health, our happinessWithout other living things around us we are less than human15What is the authors firm belief?APeople seek nature in different waysBPeople should spend most of their lives in the wildCPeople have quite different ideas of natureDPeople must make more e
44、fforts to study nature16What does the author say people prefer for their children nowadays?APersonal freedomBThings that are naturalCUrban surroundingsDThings that are purchased17What does a study in Sweden show?AThe natural environment can help children learn betterBMore access to nature makes chil
45、dren less likely to fall illCA good playground helps kids develop their physical abilitiesDNatural views can prevent children from developing ADHD18Children who have chances to explore natural areas _Atend to develop a strong love for scienceBare more likely to dream about wildlifeCtend to be physic
46、ally tougher in adulthoodDare less likely to be involved in bullying19What does the author suggest we do to help children with ADHD?AFind more effective drugs for themBProvide more green spaces for themCPlace them under more personal careDEngage them in more meaningful activities20In what way do elderly people benefit from their contact with nature?AThey look on life optimisticallyBThey enjoy a life of better qualityCThey are able to live longerDThey become good-humouredBDCAB DDBCB CACCA DBDBB 高考资源网独家精品资源，欢迎下载！高考资源网Ks5uK&S%5#UKs5uKs%U高考资源网高考资源网高考资源网 高考资源网版权所有，侵权必究！
